Profitability Performance Research Articles

How do financial regulations and economic freedoms affect bank profitability? Empirical Evidence from the OIC Region

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;">Banks operating within a free economic environment and with constructive regulatory frameworks can function with enhanced efficiency, augmenting their profitability. This study aimed to examine the influence of economic freedom and financial restrictions on banks' profitability within the Organization of Islamic Cooperation member nations. The study used a sample of 1453 banks, collecting panel data spanning 13 years. The System-GMM methodology was justified based on the enduring characteristics of the data and the profitability metrics. The dependent variables, namely the Net Income Margin, Return on Average Assets, and Return on Average Equity were individually examined. The research findings indicate that most economic freedom indicators, except for investment freedom, harm bank profitability. The influence of the rule of law on profitability indicators is mostly adverse, although regulatory quality within the financial system has a comparatively favorable effect on profitability. Furthermore, bank-specific performance indicators had a negative impact on profitability, except for bank size. Moreover, country-specific variables substantially impact banks' profitability, including inflation, tax, and interest rates. The presence of Islamic banking has been shown to substantially impact the profitability performance of banks within the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. OIC banks' profitability is adversely impacted by the ongoing health crises, including the Covid-19 pandemic.</span></p>

Fintech and financial performance in the banking industry: A literature review

This research conducts an in-depth literature review on the influence of fintech on the financial performance. The focus is to identify key findings from prior studies, understand concepts related to fintech adoption, and explore its impact on the firm. Analyzing literature from Sinta and Scopus databases, the study aims to provide a holistic overview of fintech's role in transforming the banking landscape. Fintech adoption is found to significantly enhance operational efficiency, affecting liquidity, profitability, and overall growth. Positive cash flow operations are crucial in determining financial performance, reflecting liquidity and operational sustainability. The study suggests that further research should delve into specific independent variables such as COVID-19 cases, lockdown policies, application characteristics, and others, as well as variables like the age of mobile banking applications, GDP per capita, and mobile penetration rates. This approach ensures a comprehensive analysis of existing knowledge, contributing valuable insights for future strategic planning in the financial technology and banking sectors.

A Study on the Diversified and Integrated Business Model of Meta Theatre Script-killing Offline Shops

With the development of the times, young people are facing increasing pressure in their lives. The pressure they face is mainly composed of academic, financial, work and emotional pressure. According to the American psychologist Abraham Maslow in 1943 in his Theory of human motivation, an article for the first time put forward the theory of the hierarchy of needs: human needs can be divided into five from low to high, respectively, physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, respect needs and self-actualization needs. Therefore, the emergence of script killing today not only represents young peoples need for socializing, releasing pressure and wanting to be entertained, but also represents the importance of socializing in society. This paper mainly discusses the current situation and problems in the operation and management of meta theatre script killing offline shops, analyses by adopting the SWOT method, and the data obtained from reviewing the literature. This paper finds that, in order to operate a good script-killing offline shops, meta theatre shop owners need to understand the complex and changing environment, identify the problems in their own development, and take precautions against possible problems that they can stand out from the many script-killing shops, thus achieve the profitable operations of meta theatre script-killing offline shops.

Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Profitabilitas, Kebijakan Dividen, Tingkat Uang, Dan Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dalam Perspektif Akuntansi

This research aims to analyze the influence of several factors that influence company value from an accounting perspective. The factors studied include capital structure, profitability, dividend policy, cash levels, and financial performance. This research was conducted to provide a deeper understanding of how these variables can influence company value. The research method used is a qualitative analysis method which is suitable for analyzing the relationship between variables. One source of data is taken from the company's annual financial reports over a certain time period. It is hoped that the results of this analysis will provide a clear picture of the extent of the influence of each variable on company value. The results of this research can be a guide for company management in making decisions regarding capital structure, dividend policy, and efforts to improve financial performance. In addition, the findings of this research can also provide insight to investors, financial analysts and regulators regarding the factors that need to be considered in assessing the health and value of a company. The conclusions of this research are expected to contribute to the accounting and finance literature by providing a better understanding of the relationship between capital structure, profitability, dividend policy, cash levels, financial performance, and firm value. This research can also be a basis for further research in exploring other factors that might also influence company value in an accounting context.

Quality Selection in Two-Sided Markets: A Constrained Price Discrimination Approach

Optimizing Revenue in Two-Sided Online Markets through Strategic Quality Selection and Information Disclosure Ensuring profitable operations in two-sided online marketplaces demands an astute analysis of seller quality and strategic information sharing with buyers. A recent paper, titled “Quality Selection in Two-Sided Markets: A Constrained Price Discrimination Approach” by B. Light, R. Johari, and G. Weintraub delves into the nuances of this operation. The authors explore the challenge that platforms encounter in deciding which sellers to allow and how much quality information to share with buyers in order to enhance platform revenue. Utilizing two distinct two-sided market models, the paper unveils conditions under which adopting straightforward information structures, such as excluding certain sellers or not differentiating among participating sellers, proves to be a revenue-maximizing strategy. This study utilizes a constrained price discrimination problem to reveal specific strategies platforms can use to adjust information structures in diverse market scenarios, providing insights for digital platforms aiming to navigate the marketplace more effectively.

Profitability Analysis Using the Du Pont System Method In the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Distribution Subsector of a Go-Public Company for The Period 2017-2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the profitability level of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods companies in the Retail and Distributor of Medicines (D111), Rental and Distributor of Food (D112), and Processed Food Distributors (D222) subsectors listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period 2017-2021 based on Du Pont system analysis. The Du Pont system is an analysis method used to show the interaction between Net Profit Margin (NPM), Total Asset Turnover (TATO), Return on Asset (ROA) and Equity Multiplier in determining the value of Return on Equity (ROE). This type of research is descriptive quantitative using the Du-Pont analysis method. The method used in this study is judgement sampling. Types of data and data sources use secondary data derived from financial statements published by companies that are samples of research and data from the Stock Exchange of Indonesia. Analysis shows that PT. Tigaraksa Satria Tbk has the highest profitability as a Fast-Moving Consumer Goods subsector distribution company. The company's ROE from 2017 to 2020 is higher than the industry average, by 2019 has increased and decreased by 2021. PT. Wicaksana Overseas International Tbk became a Fast-Moving Consumer Goods subsector distribution company with the lowest profitability performance of the five samples, based on analysis carried out by the company's ROE from 2017 to 2020 experienced a decline below the industry average and by 2021 a decrease slightly above the industrial average.

Operational Cost Efficiency and Profitability Effects on Companies Distribution Stock Prices During Covid-19

Abstract. This study was conducted to determine whether the efficiency of operating costs and profitability of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the banking sector on stock prices. Research design, data, and methodology: This study uses 35 banking companies from 2020 to 2021 as a sample in the study, with a total of 70 financial statements data. The analysis test was conducted to see the effect of operational cost efficiency and profitability on stock prices in banking companies during the covid-19 pandemic. Multiple linier regression is conducted to check the simultaneous test and partial test. As for the indicators in cost efficiencies are operating expenses on operating income. The profitability effects indicators are based on return on equity. Stock prices indicators are based on internal and external policies and abilities. The test results show that operational cost efficiency and profitability have a simultaneous effect on stock prices. However, it partially shows that operational cost efficiency has no significant effect. Meanwhile, profitability shows positive results and has a significant effect. Conclusions: Based on the table of the Coefficient of Determination (R²) test, the value of Adjusted R Square is 98.7%. This shows that the variables of Operational Cost Efficiency and Profitability affect the stock price by 98.7% and the remaining 1.3% is influenced by other variables. Practical perspectives are further discussed in the paper. Keywords: Operation cost efficiency, profitability effects, stock prices, multiple linier regression, banking sector

Relationship between Capital Structure and Operating Profit- A Study on the Companies of the Indian Oil and Gas Sector.

Relationship between Capital Structure and Operating Profit- A Study on the Companies of the Indian Oil and Gas Sector.

International mergers as a business expansion strategy by Greek companies: A case study of corporate performance analysis for board of directors

This research analyzes a specific international merger involving a Greek publicly traded company in the recent post-COVID-19 and post-sovereign debt crisis era in the Greek market. The primary research aim is to assess the corporate performance of a Greek company listed on the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE) after it underwent an international merger in 2019. The research involves an in-depth analysis of the company’s performance post-merger and calculates various financial ratios using accounting data from four years before and after the international merger. The research results revealed that the merger deal has led the examined Greek listed sample company to a better performance in profitability, but not in liquidity and leverage, thus signalizing some mixed results for the international merger transaction.

Effective collection of end-of-life solar panels through an incentive-based model

The rapid growth in solar panel installation helps to sustainably meet the rising energy demand and aid in combating climate change. However, materials for producing panels are exhaustible, and cost-effective material availability is a long-term issue. Currently, the focus of solar energy use is mainly on building long-lasting, higher efficient modules with no clear recycling plan. The collection and handling of wastes are identified as critical factors in effective recycling. Thus, there is a need to provide a systematic plan through the use of sophisticated techniques for improving the collection and recycling network. The aim of this work is to fill this gap by introducing an optimization framework for reverse logistics, specifically for collecting solar PV modules. This study introduces a framework for optimizing reverse logistics in Delhi by formulating a Convex Mix Integer model with a quadratic objective and constraint. The McCormick envelope and CPLEX solver are used to ensure linearity and achieve optimization. The results indicate that centralized (case 3) and optimally decentralized (case 5) collection plans are more profitable than assigning zones to the nearest collection center (case 2) or opening all collection centers (cases 1 and 4). The framework includes an incentive-based approach for the collection process for end-of-life (EoL) solar panels while enabling collection centers to maximize their operating profits and providing insights to form regulations for PV waste treatment.

A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A STATE PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKING IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

Himachal Pradesh occupies sixth position in the country in respect of its forest coverage. Forests are an important resource of the state and it occupies an area of 36,986 sq. km. This accounts for about 66.4% of the total geographical area of the state. ‘Himachal Pradesh State Forest Corporation Ltd.’ being unique in its nature has to perform numerous activities relating to Timber extraction work, Bamboo extraction work, Resin extraction work, and Resin processing and marketing work etc. So, it becomes very essential to study the performance of the Corporation to pin point its strength and weakness. In this study an attempt has been made to evaluate the performance of Himachal Pradesh State Forest Corporation. In order to make this study intensive and more comprehensive, it covers a period of thirteen years i.e. from 1994-95 to 2006-07. The basic purpose of this study is to evaluate the financial performance of the Corporation. It includes short-term financial performance, long-term financial performance, and profitability performance. This doctoral level scholastic investigation is being presented in a nutshell. Here only evaluation of Secondary Data towards performance of Himachal Pradesh State Forest Corporation Ltd is being shown.

Recognizing feeding injury to corn ears in the United States

Abstract Corn is one of the major commodities in the United States, and is grown for fuel, feed, and food around the world. Much of the production is centered in the Midwest, but corn is grown throughout the country and has a national production value of $91.7 billion. Because of the substantial national economic impact of corn production, as well as the profitability of individual farming operations, crop protection from pests is critical. Corn is most vulnerable during ear and kernel formation, and pest infestations during this time can have a substantial impact on grain quality and yield. Detecting pests is one of the most important components of integrated pest management, and regular scouting can allow farmers to make timely management decisions for pests in corn. However, farmers and crop consultants sometimes do not notice ear-feeding pests of corn until the fall, or near harvest, when pests are nearly done feeding or have vacated the ear. When this happens, it can be difficult to diagnose the problem, which can be important for assessing management tactics that were used in the field during the current growing season or making decisions for the following growing season based on pest activity in the field. This article provides profiles of common ear-feeding pests, with written descriptions and photographs of typical injury to corn ears for those pests.

Tourist mobility: sociological theory and implementation practices

The article analyzes the connection between the sociology of tourism and the general sociological theory of mobility, which leads to an understanding of modern tourist mobility not as a process of revealing the will of individuals to learn about different cultures, but as a system of social constructions that exist in the form of tourism practices and are focused on maximizing profits for global tour operators. The methodology. The method of the propositional analysis is aimed at identifying logically based semantic units with the aim of selecting and synthesizing reliable knowledge expressed in texts written on issues of sociology of tourism and the general sociological theory of mobility. Scientific novelty is in clarifying the concept of tourist mobility and tourist practices; in revealing that they are largely the result of commercially oriented social construction carried out in the interests of global tour operators; in demonstrating that commercial and non-commercial tourist mobility entail incompatible social consequences. Conclusions. The article is devoted to current problems of modern sociology of tourism in its connection with the general theory of mobility (one of the founders of which was the British sociologist John Urry) that complemented the “old” theory of social mobility by the doctrine of the movement of people, goods, capital, information, etc. in geographical space. Now society has come to be understood as a mobile structure consisting of many mobile practices (including tourism) that can be aimed at either developing essential strength of people or control over their consciousness and behavior.

ВПЛИВ МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНИХ РИЗИКІВ НА ПРОЦЕДУРУ КРИТЕРІАЛЬНОГО ФОРМУВАННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The authors determine the influence of macroeconomic risks on the procedure of criterion formation of the financial stability of the enterprise. The article examines macroeconomic risks that have a significant impact on the financial stability of the enterprise. To ensure it, it is necessary to constantly monitor the macroeconomic situation and adapt the company's financial strategies to the conjunctural changes in the market, as well as take into account the factors of influence of macroeconomic indicators on the financial stability of enterprises. It was established that the main detailed elements of the process of criterial formation of the financial stability of enterprises include scenario analysis, analysis of the macroeconomic environment, diversification of assets, financial reserves, risk management strategy. Ways to overcome the problems of the influence of macroeconomic risks on the procedure of criterion formation of the financial stability of the enterprise in the modern market economic environment are indicated. Inflation, which contributes to the increase in the prices of goods and services, reduces the purchasing power of the enterprise and increases its costs. A sharp fluctuation in exchange rates can significantly change the profitability of export-import operations, which negatively affects financial stability. Since changes in exchange rates are unpredictable, it complicates the forecasting and planning of financial flows. An increase in interest rates leads to an increase in the cost of loan capital, which reduces the profitability of the enterprise and its opportunities for development. Economic fluctuations in the market environment can lead to the emergence of economic crises, recessions or a decrease in the general level of economic growth can lead to a decrease in demand for the company's products. To ensure optimal provision of financial stability, it is necessary to constantly monitor the macroeconomic situation and adapt the company's financial strategies to market changes. Therefore, in the process of forced adaptation to new conditions in order to maintain financial stability, enterprises are forced to constantly adapt to changes in the macroeconomic environment, which may require cost reduction, restructuring of liabilities, liquidation of debts or changes in production processes.

Оценка экономических и экологических условий для эффективного освоения силикатных никелевых руд месторождений Среднего Урала

Development of nickel deposits in the Ural will be economically beneficial for both Russia and the region. As an important strategic raw material, nickel is used in the nuclear, military, pharmaceutical, petrochemical industries, as well as in the production of portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, etc. Given the current global political situation, Russia has to develop the resource base focusing on domestic deposits, especially those located in industrially developed regions. In order to assess business performance, the paper analyses technical and economic indicators, such as expected income, investment attractiveness, prospects for accelerating development. As a result, the study presents an economic justification for the development of nickel deposits in the Middle Urals and an assessment of the technical and economic feasibility of mining relatively low-grade silicate nickel ores. The development of these deposits implies an increase in expenditures on subsoil management and environmental protection and an improvement of social conditions for the population (increased employment, regular environmental and medical-biological expertise, etc.). The article proposes measures for the rational integrated use of extracted raw materials in the considered deposits, particularly, production of building materials from mineral waste considering environmental and social factors. Economic calculations performed for the Kungur deposit (annual ore production capacity of 396 thousand tonnes), the Parushinsky deposit (273 thousand tonnes) and the Serov deposit (600 thousand tonnes) showed a high profitability of mining operations, including the processing of mineral waste.

Correlation analysis of geological factors with the coefficient of gas transfer of organizations

Extensive research has been conducted to analyze the impact of geological, technological, and economic factors on the gas recovery coefficient of productive formations. The objective is to assess the relative significance of these factors and establish their functional relationship by employing correlation methods.The assessment criteria for determining the influence of these factors on gas recovery are primarily based on geological considerations. Geological factors play a crucial role in the productivity of gas reservoirs, including parameters such as reservoir porosity, permeability, and saturation. Additionally, the geological characteristics of the formation, such as lithology, structural features, and stratigraphy, are taken into account.By employing correlation methods, the functional connections between these geological factors and the gas recovery coefficient can be established. Correlation analysis provides valuable insights into the interrelationships and dependencies among these factors, allowing for a better understanding of their combined impact on gas recovery.Technological factors also play a significant role in gas recovery. These factors encompass various techniques and practices employed during drilling, completion, and production operations. Advanced drilling technologies, well completion strategies, and efficient reservoir stimulation methods all contribute to optimizing gas recovery from productive formations.Furthermore, economic factors such as market conditions, gas prices, and infrastructure availability can influence the economic viability of gas recovery projects. The assessment of these economic factors is essential to ensure the profitability and sustainability of gas production operations.

Digital Transformation Strategy for Financial Management of Entity Enterprises in the Information Age

Abstract This study is dedicated to exploring the effectiveness of digital transformation of financial management of real enterprises in the information age. The annual reports of enterprises are collected from 2011 to 2022 by web crawler technology, and text mining algorithms, such as TF-IDF and LDA theme model, are used to establish a measurement index system of digital transformation of financial management, which is calculated by entropy weight-TOPSIS method. The results show that keywords related to digital transformation, such as “informatization” and “intelligence”, appear frequently, and the importance of the theme changes significantly in different transformation stages. During the rapid transformation period, the frequency of words such as “industrial internet” and “smart grid” exceeds 400 times. Some companies have seen significant improvements in debt servicing, operations and profitability. Digital transformation of financial management is efficacious in improving operational efficiency and profitability. Still, it is a dynamic process that requires enterprises to choose appropriate strategies based on their characteristics. The study emphasizes that enterprises should pay close attention to integrating and applying emerging digital technologies and optimize their internal governance structure to promote sustainable performance improvement.

Investigating the effect of goods and service tax on operational performance, cost efficiency and profit margins of MSMEs

Investigating the effect of goods and service tax on operational performance, cost efficiency and profit margins of MSMEs

Investigating the effect of goods and service tax on operational performance, cost efficiency and profit margins of MSMEs

Investigating the effect of goods and service tax on operational performance, cost efficiency and profit margins of MSMEs

Integrated optimization of planning and operation of a shared automated electric vehicle system considering the trip selection and opportunity cost

<abstract> <p>Shared autonomous electric vehicle systems (SAEVS) combine autonomous driving technology with shared electric vehicle services to provide advantages over traditional shared vehicle systems, including autonomous vehicle relocation and rapid response to user needs. In this study, we seek to enhance the operational efficiency and profitability of SAEVS by considering trip selection and the potential opportunity cost associated with unmet user demands. An integer linear programming (ILP) model is developed using a spatio-temporal state network to optimize the system design planning (e.g., charging facility, vehicle fleet sizing and distribution) and operational decisions (e.g., vehicle operational relocation and trip selection strategy). To handle the computational complexities of this model, we propose a Lagrangian relaxation (LR) algorithm. The performance of the LR algorithm is evaluated through a case study. The results, along with a parameter sensitivity analysis, reveal several key findings: (ⅰ) Allocating vehicles to stations with concentrated early peak demand, distributing charging facilities to stations with high total demand throughout the day and implementing vehicle relocation after the early demand peak can mitigate uneven vehicle distribution; (ⅱ) Implementing trip selection enhances SAEVS profitability; (ⅲ) Increasing opportunity cost meets user demands but at the expense of reduced profit; (ⅳ) It is recommended that SAEVS be equipped with charging facilities of suitable charging power based on operational conditions.</p> </abstract>