Professional Recognition Research Articles

The challenge of adopting a collaborative information system for independent healthcare workers in France: a comprehensive study

This study aimed to explore the perception of an underutilised collaborative information system through qualitative research, utilizing semi-structured, in-depth interviews with independent midwives and physician. PROSPERO, is a collaborative information system designed to bridge the communication gap between community-based healthcare workers and hospital-based care teams for parturients in Lyon, France. Through 27 semi-structured in-depth interviews with midwives, obstetricians, and general practitioners, we identified key themes related to the system’s adoption: implementation challenges, utilisation barriers, interprofessional dynamics, and hidden variables affecting system use. Participants recognised the potential of PROSPERO to improve information sharing and care coordination but expressed concerns about the system’s integration into existing workflows, time constraints, and the need for adequate training and technical support. Interprofessional dynamics revealed differing perspectives between hospital and independent practitioners, emphasising the importance of trust-building and professional recognition. Hidden variables, such as hierarchical influences and confidentiality concerns, further complicated the system’s adoption. Despite the consensus on the benefits of a collaborative information system, its implementation was hindered by mistrust between healthcare workers (i.e. between independent practitioners and hospital staff). Our findings suggest that fostering trust and addressing the identified barriers are crucial steps towards successful system implementation. The study contributes to understanding the complex interplay of factors influencing the adoption of collaborative healthcare technologies and highlights the need for strategies that support effective interprofessional collaboration and communication.ClinicalTrials ID NCT02593292.

A Political Economy Analysis of Social Work’s Development in China: A Social Development Perspective

This paper examines the phenomenal growth of social work in China and the complexities and challenges faced by the profession and related stakeholders in the context of neoliberal economic practice within a hierarchical top-down political system. It proposes developmental social work as a viable indigenous social work practice mode. This analysis based on a collection of academic papers and relevant government reports sheds light on the interplay between welfare developmentalism, institutional dynamics, and professional challenges in the broader sociopolitical context, not least the neoliberal co-optation of social development aligned increasingly with economic goals to the detriment of broader social and structural issues. It shows how the political parameters of the Chinese Communist Party and its pursuit of community integration and social development shaped China’s approach to social work. It sees the necessity for a system of welfare services to address socio-structural issues and the indigenization and cultural adaption of social work in China as an expressly political process. Regarding the former, the government’s strategy of outsourcing public services to accord with its agenda has resulted in a contractual relationship between social organizations, including nongovernment and social work organizations, and the state. This has limited the independence and hindered the development of a strong civil society, and curtailed social workers’ autonomy, exacerbating professional challenges relating inter alia to the low number of qualified social work practitioners, limited job opportunities outside major urban centers, high staff turnover, and poor quality services provided by those without formal social work training. To enhance professional recognition in China, the paper suggests a holistic developmental approach that involves the resolution of individual problems through investing in people, helping them to build their capacity, drawing on social capital, and capitalizing on market opportunities to promote self-reliance, thereby contributing to community and social development.

The substitution effect of financial and non-financial incentives at different income levels in physician recruitment: evidence from medical students in China

BackgroundUnderstanding how medical students respond to financial and non-financial incentives is crucial for recruiting health workers and attracting health talents in medical education. However, both incentives are integrated in working practice, and existing theoretical studies have suggested that various income levels may influence the substitution effect of both incentives, while the empirical evidence is lacking. Furthermore, little attention has been paid to the intrinsic motivation. This study aimed to explore the substitution effect of extrinsic incentives at different income levels, also taking intrinsic altruism into account.MethodsWe used the behavioral data from Zhang et al.’s experiments, which involved discrete choice experiments (DCEs) to assess the job preferences of medical students from six teaching hospitals in Beijing, China. The incentive factors included monthly income, work location, work environment, training and career development opportunities, work load, and professional recognition. Additionally, a lab-like experiment in the medical decision-making context was conducted to quantify altruism based on utility function. Furthermore, we separated the choice sets based on the actual income and distinguished the medical students on altruism. The willingness to pay (WTP) was used to estimate the substitution effect of incentives through conditional logit model.ResultsThere was a significant substitution effect between non-financial and financial incentives. As income increased, non-financial incentives such as an excellent work environment, and sufficient career development became relatively more important. The impact of the increase in income on the substitution effect was more pronounced among individuals with higher altruism. Concerning the non-financial incentive work environment, in contrast to the growth of 546 CNY (84 USD) observed in the low-altruism group, the high-altruism group experienced a growth of 1040 CNY (160 USD) in the substitution effect.ConclusionsThe increase in the income level exerted an influence on the substitution effect of non-financial incentives and financial incentives, especially in high-altruism medical students. Policymakers should attach importance to a favorable environment and promising career prospects on the basis of ensuring a higher income level. Medical school administrations should focus on promoting altruistic values in medical education, enhancing talent incentives and teaching strategies to encourage medical students to devote themselves to the medical professions.

Teachers’ Utilization of Digital Tools and Confidence in Technology

The utilization of technology has emerged as a crucial instrument for educators to augment instruction and enrich the educational encounters of learners. This study sought to determine the extent of teachers' utilization of digital tools, their level of confidence in technology, and the significant relationship between the extent of teachers' utilization of digital tools and confidence in technology, among the 101 teachers from the nine (9) schools of Manolo Fortich III District, Division of Bukidnon, chosen through universal sampling. This study utilized two instruments. One was a research-made questionnaire for the teachers’ utilization of digital tools and for the teachers’ confidence in technology was adapted, and modified questionnaire from the study of Heather (2014). Descriptive statistics were used such as mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The study revealed that most of the time teachers utilized Excel/Spreadsheets than video/Capcut. Teachers' confidence level in technology found to be Always Confident. Furthermore, teachers' utilization of digital tools such as PPT/canvas, video/caput and the like, and Excel/spreadsheets has a significant relationship to teachers' confidence in technology. Thus, to enhance video/CapCut usage, teachers need training, support, and collaboration. Schools should provide professional development, technical assistance, and recognition of achievements. These efforts boost confidence in digital tools, improve pupils’ learning, and encourage creative teaching methods in the digital era.

A Study the Criminal Law Teaching Approach to Promote "Three Recognitions" through "Three Qualities"

The cultivation of professional knowledge and skills, as well as the effective education of people, are not only the functions of criminal law teaching but also its significant responsibilities. During the teaching process, the basic needs of the first level, encompassing knowledge, methods, emotional input, and output, and the second level, involving ethics education's progression from point-to-point to face-to-face interactions, have already been established. Nevertheless, the relationship between criminal law teaching and the cultivation of legal talents has been selectively overlooked, leading to a lack of a visible holistic perspective, consciousness perspective, and overall perspective in criminal law teaching. This has hindered the first two levels from fully realizing their potential effectiveness. Under the overarching concept of promoting "three recognitions" through "three qualities," an effective connection is established among the academic, regularity, practical aspects，course recognition, identity recognition, and professional recognition, facilitating the transformation and metamorphosis from the first level of basic teaching needs and the second level of actual expansion to the third level of aggregation. Specifically, the promotion of students' course recognition is achieved through regularity, their identity recognition through academic quality, and the construction and development of their professional recognition through practicality. The realization of "three recognitions" aims to continuously achieve the completeness and effectiveness of the cultivation of legal talents.

The Role of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Shaping Gender-diverse Leadership in Medicine.

Gender inequity persists in academic medicine. This article reviews the historical context, ongoing leadership challenges, and societal biases. The persistent barriers to gender equity in leadership roles, pay, and professional recognition are considered through the lens of obstetrics and gynecology where these issues persist despite a significant presence of women in the field. The impact of gender stereotypes, the role of intersectionality, and the need for systemic change are evident. Embracing diverse leadership styles and creating inclusive pathways to leadership will help actualize the potential benefits of a gender-diverse workforce, enhancing health care outcomes and fostering innovation.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Mahasiswa Akuntansi Terhadap Pemilihan Karir Sebagai Konsultan Pajak

A tax consultant's profession requires individuals who possess a strong work ethic, are willing to take on risks, have a capacity for acquiring new knowledge, and, most importantly, can comprehend and apply tax regulations. The selection of an individual's profession is a protracted and multifaceted process. Perception, professional recognition, and self-efficacy are influential factors in individuals' job decision-making. This study employs a quantitative approach, utilizing the Slovin algorithm to choose a sample of 93 respondents. The findings indicated that the perception variable had a notable impact on the selection of a career as a tax consultant, with a t count of 4.712, which exceeded the critical value of 1.987 from the t table. Professional recognition has a substantial impact on the career choice of a tax consultant, as evidenced by a t count of 3.216, which is greater than the t table value of 1.987. Self-efficacy strongly influences the decision to pursue a career as a tax consultant, as evidenced by a t count of 2,348, which exceeds the critical value of 1,987 from the t table. The variables of perception, professional recognition, and self-efficacy all have a simultaneous and considerable impact on the career choice of becoming a tax consultant. This is evidenced by the F statistic of 64.549, which is larger than the critical F value of 3.09, and a significant p-value of 0.000, which is less than the threshold of 0.05.

Challenges of social work field practicum and professionalization in Bangladesh

ABSTRACT Social work education and practices began in Bangladesh more than half a century ago. Yet, it has not attained the professional status demanded by the country. This paper aims to examine the challenges of field practicum and the professionalization of social work in Bangladesh. Applying a qualitative approach, the study found that the field education of social work in Bangladesh has been devalued due to a shortage of professional agencies and qualified field supervisors, disagreement between students and agency supervisors, lack of state recognition, and prevailing societal perceptions. Furthermore, the study highlights a critical gap in practical skills development due to supervisors lacking social work training, hindering their ability to bridge the theory-practice gap for students. Consequently, graduates often lack the necessary competency to effectively address complex social issues. The study outcomes strongly advocate for the continuous support of social work educators and trained fieldwork supervisors. Furthermore, the establishment of an accreditation council for social work education and professional recognition of social work can also help overcome the challenges of field education in social work in Bangladesh.

The expansion of medical education in the Dutch East Indies and the formation of the Indonesian medical profession.

In 1851, the colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies established a two-year program to educate young Javanese men to become vaccinators in Batavia (today's Jakarta). During the following sixty years, the medical curriculum was expanded several times; in 1913, it consisted of a ten-year program. In 1927, the Batavia Medical School, granting degrees equivalent to those of Dutch university-affiliated medical schools, commenced operations. Consequently, a steadily increasing number of Indonesian physicians with various credentials were employed by the colonial health service, plantations, sugar factories and mines, or established private practices. They became a social group that occupied an ambiguous and even paradoxical position somewhere between Europeans and the indigenous population. During the 1910s, this inspired these physicians to obtain credentials and professional recognition equal to those of their European colleagues. Several of them became active in journalism, politics and social movements. During the 1920s, several became radicalised and criticised the nature of colonial society. In the 1930s, following the increasingly repressive nature of colonial society, most of them remained active in the public sphere while a small group dedicated itself to improving medical research and health care. After the transfer of sovereignty from the Netherlands to Indonesia on 27 December 1949, this small cadre reestablished medical education and health care, and built the Indonesian medical profession.

ERASE: a feasible early warning tool for elder abuse, developed for use in the Dutch emergency department

BackgroundElder abuse is a worldwide problem with serious consequences for individuals and society. To effectively deal with elder abuse, a timely identification of signals as well as a systematic approach towards (suspected) elder abuse is necessary. This study aimed to develop and test the acceptability and appropriateness of ERASE (EldeR AbuSE) in the emergency department (ED) setting. ERASE is an early warning tool for elder abuse self-administered by the healthcare professional in patients ≥ 70 years.MethodsA systematic literature review was previously conducted to identify potential available instruments on elder abuse for use in the ED. Furthermore, a field consultation in Dutch hospitals was performed to identify practice tools and potential questions on the recognition of elder abuse that were available in clinical practice. Based on this input, in three subsequent rounds the ERASE tool was developed. The ERASE tool was tested in a pilot feasibility study in healthcare professionals (n = 28) working in the ED in three Dutch hospitals. A semi-structured online questionnaire was used to determine acceptability and appropriateness of the ERASE tool.ResultsThe systematic literature review revealed seven screening instruments developed for use in the hospital and/or ED setting. In total n = 32 (44%) hospitals responded to the field search. No suitable and validated instruments for the detection of elder abuse in the ED were identified. The ERASE tool was developed, with a gut feeling awareness question, that encompassed all forms of elder abuse as starting question. Subsequently six signalling questions were developed to collect information on observed signs and symptoms of elder abuse and neglect. The pilot study showed that the ERASE tool raised the recognition of healthcare professionals for elder abuse. The tool was evaluated acceptable and appropriate for use in the ED setting.ConclusionsERASE as early warning tool is guided by an initial gut feeling awareness question and six signalling questions. The ERASE tool raised the recognition of healthcare professionals for elder abuse, and was feasible to use in the ED setting. The next step will be to investigate the reliability and validity of the ERASE early warning tool.

Compromise and Challenge: Morisots Mother-Child Paintings in 19th-Century Paris

For Paris, the 19th century is unique and precious. The changing regimes, the establishment of capitalism, and the progression of industrialization reshaped the city's landscape and society. As these changes led people into modern society, new challenges appeared accordingly, and the most significant one was the decline in birth rates. New lifestyles and issues altered people's thinking and focal points. Consequently, transformations in artistic expression emerged. In the vibrant tapestry of 19th-century French art, the new mother-child paintings, born to solve population problems of the industrialization process, witnessed the career paths of female artists and their feminine movements. Female artists like Berthe Morisot used this theme to gain professional recognition in the patriarchal society and to reflect and redefine their complex social roles as women in the transforming society, subtly challenging the conventional gender norms. This paper delves into how societal transformations influenced Berthe Morisot and the theme of her paintings, examining her works as a lens to explore her accomplishments.

Employee motivations in shaping customer value co-creation attitude and behavior: Job position as a moderator

The role of Frontline Employees' (FLEs) motives in determining customer Value Co-Creation (VCC), attitude, and behavior is studied less. Following social exchange theory, the study sets two objectives: (1) to examine whether employee motivations (professional identity, financial reward, recognition, and career opportunity) impact customers' ‘attitude’ and ‘behavior’ in VCC; and (2) to explore how job positions (junior/senior) moderate relationships between employee motivations and customer attitudes in VCC. We collected data from 345 FLEs and customers to examine the proposed model using SPSS and AMOS software. The results show that the employees' motives, including recognition, career opportunities, and professional identity, are critical drivers of customer VCC's attitude and behavior. In addition, the findings reveal that the employee's job position significantly moderates the relation that employee motives share with customer VCC attitude. The results exhibit the differences in the relationship of motivational dimensions between junior vs. senior positions. These results provide practical guidelines to marketers seeking to enhance customer VCC's attitude and behavior.

Exploring nurses' experiences: Abandoning the profession and migrating for improved opportunities

AimThis study explores nurses' experiences in migration for employment and professional abandonment in Barcelona (Spain). MethodsEmploying a mixed-design approach comprising 1) a qualitative descriptive phenomenological study, followed by 2) a subsequent cross-sectional study, 20 and 225 nurses participated in each study, respectively. Qualitative data, gathered through 4 focus group discussions, underwent inductive thematic analysis, following the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines, while quantitative data were descriptively analyzed. FindingsThree qualitative themes emerged: 1) Migration motives, such as improved job opportunities, permanent contracts, continuous training, and professional recognition; 2) Reasons for leaving or contemplating leaving the profession, including excessive workload, lack of recognition, limited development, and exhaustion; 3) Nurses' needs, encompassing more staffing, improved remuneration, permanent contracts, flexible schedules, greater autonomy, and career growth. The cross-sectional study revealed a 13.5 % professional abandonment rate at some point across all demographics and seniority levels. Migration trends varied by professional experience, with younger nurses seeking better conditions and opportunities elsewhere. ConclusionsMultifactorial causes underlie job migration and professional abandonment, necessitating comprehensive interventions to improve nurses' working and professional conditions.

Professional development, professionalisation and successful professional performance of the Bachelor of Optometry and Opticianry

Introduction: Health Technology has integrated technological advances in health services, requiring professional improvement programmes to improve the performance of technologists. In the field of ophthalmology in Cuba, the quality of services depends on optometrists and opticians, and their continuous training is essential in an increasingly technological environment with a growing demand due to the increase in refractive disorders and the ageing population.Development: Professional development, defined as a continuous pedagogical process, is essential to maintain the quality of health services. It has been widely researched and its importance in improving the quality of services, satisfaction and social recognition of health professionals has been highlighted. In the specific case of Optometry and Optics, professional development is considered a necessary process to ensure successful performance. Several principles and distinctive features of this process are highlighted, including its systemic character, its connection with initial and postgraduate training, and its evaluation through professional performance.Conclusions: The professional development of Optometry and Optics graduates is crucial to their successful performance, as it contributes to their professionalisation and the development of competencies needed in a constantly evolving eye health environment. The importance of integrating initial and continuing education, as well as assessing the impact of further education on professional performance, is highlighted. These findings underline the need for well-structured and contextualised professional development programmes to ensure the quality and effectiveness of eye care services.

Improving Health Professional Recognition and Response to Child Maltreatment and Intimate Partner Violence: Protocol for Two Mixed Methods Pilot Randomized Controlled Trials.

The optimal educational approach for preparing health professionals with the knowledge and skills to effectively recognize and respond to family violence, including child maltreatment and intimate partner violence, remains unclear. The Violence, Evidence, Guidance, and Action (VEGA) Family Violence Education Resources is a novel intervention that can be completed via self-directed learning or in a workshop format; both approaches focus on improving health professional preparedness to address family violence. Our studies aim to determine the acceptability and feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the self-directed (experimental intervention) and workshop (active control) modalities of VEGA, as an adjunct to standard education, to improve learner (Researching the Impact of Service provider Education [RISE] with Residents) and independent practice (RISE with Veterans) health professional preparedness, knowledge, and skills related to recognizing family violence in their health care encounters. The RISE with Residents and RISE with Veterans research studies use embedded experimental mixed methods research designs. The quantitative strand for each study follows the principles of a pilot randomized controlled trial. For RISE with Residents, we aimed to recruit 80 postgraduate medical trainees; for RISE with Veterans, we intended to recruit 80 health professionals who work or have worked with Veterans (or their family members) of the Canadian military or the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in a direct service capacity. Participants complete quantitative assessments at baseline, after intervention, and at 3-month follow-up. A subset of participants from each arm also undergoes a qualitative semistructured interview with the aim of describing participants' perceptions of the value and impact of each VEGA modality, as well as research burden. Scores on potential outcome measures will be mapped to excerpts of qualitative data via a mixed methods joint display to aid in the interpretation of findings. We consented 71 individuals to participate in the RISE with Residents study. Data collection was completed on August 31, 2023, and data are currently being cleaned and prepared for analysis. As of January 15, 2024, we consented 34 individuals in the RISE with Veterans study; data collection will be completed in March 2024. For both studies, no data analysis had taken place at the time of manuscript submission. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications; academic conferences; and posting and sharing of study summaries and infographics on social media, the project website, and via professional network listserves. Reducing the impacts of family violence remains a pressing public health challenge. Both research studies will provide a valuable methodological contribution about the feasibility of trial methods in health professions education focused on family violence. They will also contribute to education science about the differences in the effectiveness of self-directed versus facilitator-led learning strategies. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05490121, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05490121; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05490004, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05490004. DERR1-10.2196/50864.

Addressing ethical issues in outdoor health practice: a scoping review

The Australian Outdoor Health (OH) sector provides diverse practices that support an interconnected human and ecological approach to health and wellbeing. There is an urgent need for the OH sector to develop a comprehensive ethical practice framework, to enable professional recognition and other initiatives to progress. This would bring the sector in line with similar health and wellbeing occupations including social work, psychology, and counselling that have established professional recognition. A key feature of professional recognition is the acceptance of a Code of Ethics or Ethical Framework to guide practice and enhance standing in the field. This scoping review of the literature is undertaken to aid in developing an OH ethical practice framework. Findings suggest the framework should incorporate two overarching themes of beneficence and nonmaleficence, and contain six guiding principles: diversity, equity, advocacy, justice, accountability, and competence. We discuss these findings, situate them within broader OH community and health sector discourses, and make recommendations for establishing an Australian ethical practice framework to assist the move towards professional recognition and drive ethical OH practice.

PENGARUH GENDER, PENGHARGAAN FINANSIAL, PERTIMBANGAN PASAR KERJA, MOTIVASI KARIR, PENGAKUAN PROFESIONAL, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN PERSONALITAS TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI UNTUK BERKARIER MENJADI AKUNTAN PUBLIK (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Muara Bungo)

This research aims to determine the influence of gender, financial rewards, job market considerations, career motivation, professional recognition, work environment and personality on accounting students' interest in becoming public accountants partially or simultaneously. The type of research used in this research is quantitative descriptive. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The population in this study were students from the 2014-2016 Accounting Department at Muara Bungo University. The sample in this study was selected according to the criteria (purposive sampling) so that a sample of 96 people was obtained. The results of the research show that the partial test of the gender variable (X1) obtained a value of tcount (3.753) > ttable (1.985) and a value of sig (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 was rejected and the 1 Ha hypothesis was accepted, the value of the financial reward variable (X2) was obtained. tcount (3.067) > ttable (1.985) and sig value (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 is rejected and the 2 Ha hypothesis is accepted. The labor market consideration variable (X3) obtained a tcount value (-1.741) < ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.085) > (0.005), so that H0 was accepted and the 3 Ha hypothesis was rejected. The career motivation variable (X4) obtained a tcount value (1.936) < ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.056) > (0.005), so that H0 was accepted and the 4 Ha hypothesis was rejected. The professional recognition variable (X5) obtained a tcount value (1.840) < ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.069) > (0.005), so that H0 was accepted and the 5 Ha hypothesis was rejected. The work environment variable (X6) tcount value (-5.865) > ttable (1.985) and sig value (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 is rejected and the 2 Ha hypothesis is accepted. The personality variable (X7) obtained a value of tcount (9.705) > ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 was rejected and the 7 Ha hypothesis was accepted. This means that, partially, the variables Gender, Financial Rewards, Work Environment and Personality have a significant effect on Accounting Students' interest in pursuing a career as a public accountant (Y). Based on the results of the simultaneous test, the Fcount value is 17,340, which is greater than the Ftable of 2,200. So H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that the variables Gender, Financial Rewards, Job Market Considerations, Career Motivation, Professional Recognition, Work Environment and Personality simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the level of interest of Accounting Students in pursuing a career as a Public Accountant. Based on the coefficient of determination test, the R Square value is obtained at of 0.580 or 58%.

Models of practice and training in psychotherapy: cross-national perspectives from Italy and Canada.

Internationally, there is ongoing concern about accessibility to mental health care and training. The goal of this study was to explore commonalities and differences within models of clinical psychology and psychotherapy in Ontario, Canada, and Lombardia, Italy, respectively, to inform improvements to the accessibility of mental health care and training. Using key informant sampling, we recruited ten students and professionals in Italy and Canada who study or work in psychology for semi-structured interviews. We analyzed the interview content using an inductive approach for thematic analysis within countries and meta-theme analysis across countries. The findings indicated three cross-national meta-themes: the need to integrate evidence with practice, the limited accessibility of training for students and treatment for patients, and the importance of the quality of training programs. Despite some differences regarding the amount of scientific training, personal therapy for trainees, and the prominence of cultural diversity training, Canadian and Italian psychology professionals and students shared experiences of psychotherapy practice and clinical psychology training. The three cross-national meta-themes indicate which issues in training and practice may be relevant worldwide and where to focus resources. The findings can inform international collaborations regarding training model structures that may increase access to psychology training and may increase consensus on professional recognition standards to improve mobility for professionals. These changes could reduce barriers to mental healthcare services for patients.

Social Sustainability: the challenges to the restaurant sector

The guarantee of sustainable development has been a growing concern in various economic sectors, particularly from the economic and environmental perspective. In a post-pandemic scenario, the restaurant industry was one of the most affected worldwide and had to undergo abrupt changes to remain operational. Thus, this study primarily focuses on addressing the challenges faced by Human Resources Management (HRM) in attracting and retaining employees in the restaurant sector. This research aims to understand the challenges faced in retaining and attracting talent to restaurants and to explore the strategies that should be adopted to ensure the restaurant’s social. It used a qualitative methodology, with 10 (5 female and 5 male, with a mean age of 35 years old) semi-structured interviews with professionals who chose to leave this profession, to ensure a concerted view of the current state of the sector in the north of Portugal. Through thematic analysis of the interviews, the results identified the current difficulties in attracting and retaining employees in the sector, as well as some HRM strategies that can address these challenges. These findings emerged from the themes 'Special Features of the Restaurant Sector' and 'Attraction and Retention Strategies.' The first theme contextualizes and characterizes the sector's reality, arising from four categories: activity context, company type, the COVID-19 pandemic, and turnover factors. Meanwhile, the second theme presents the attraction and retention strategies that HRM in restaurant companies should implement, while also exploring some challenges faced in designing and implementing these strategies in practice. Specifically, recruitment and selection, compensation and benefits, onboarding, integration and socialization, and career management. In conclusion, social sustainability still has little prominence in the restaurant sector. To become more attractive, the restaurant sector needs to invest in better non-monetary benefits, such as flexible working hours, health insurance, professional recognition, training investment, and career advancement opportunities. This study intends to help companies take measures to improve employee satisfaction and also increase talent retention and new employees’ attraction.

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Incentive Factors on the Teachers’ Performance among Private Higher Institution in China

This empirical study delves into the intricate relationship between incentive factors and the performance of teachers within the realm of private higher education institutions in China. With the rapid expansion of the private higher education sector in China, understanding the mechanisms that drive teacher performance becomes imperative for sustaining educational quality and institutional competitiveness. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this research integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to capture a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted dynamics at play. The quantitative phase involves administering structured questionnaires to a representative sample of teachers across various private higher institutions in China, while the qualitative phase entails in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including administrators and educators. The study evaluates a range of incentive factors, encompassing financial rewards, professional development opportunities, recognition, and job satisfaction, among others. Through statistical analyses and thematic coding, the research aims to identify the most influential incentive factors and their differential impacts on teachers' performance indicators such as teaching effectiveness, research productivity, and overall job satisfaction. Preliminary findings suggest that while financial incentives remain a significant motivator for teachers, non-monetary factors such as opportunities for professional growth and recognition also play a pivotal role in enhancing performance and job satisfaction. Moreover, the study uncovers nuanced variations in the perceived effectiveness of incentive mechanisms across different demographic and institutional contexts. By shedding light on the intricate interplay between incentive factors and teachers' performance, this study provides valuable insights for private higher education institutions in China to formulate evidence-based strategies for optimizing faculty motivation, productivity, and overall institutional effectiveness. The implications of these findings extend beyond the confines of academia, offering policymakers and educational stakeholders actionable recommendations to foster a conducive environment for teaching excellence and innovation in the private higher education sector.