Production Projects Research Articles

Public Debt and Infrastructural Development in Nigeria; An Empirical Investigation

This study examines the impact of public debt on infrastructural development in Nigeria from 1990-2022, as debt load has become one of the most critical impediments limiting recovery and growth on the continent, but if these debts both internally and externally sourced are being channelled and utilized effectively to improvement of public infrastructure might influences level of the economy, hence contentious in macroeconomics theories. Relying on data from the World Bank Development Indicators and the outcome of various pre-estimation tests ; the Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillip Peron method were employed to determine the stationarity trend in the data, the correlation analysis to test the relationship between the variables, the study adopted the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag Model (ARDL) estimation technique to determine the relationship between public debt (proxied by domestic debt and external debt) and capital expenditure a proxy for public infrastructure in Nigeria. The long-run results revealed that external debt and internal debt is insignificant but have positive impact of capital expenditure in Nigeria, which implies the misallocation of funds to the development of infrastructures in the country. The study further revealed that the debt service payment and Inflation rate has negative impact of the capital expenditure at the current Lag but has positive association at Lag 1 and not statistically significant at both Lag. The study conclude that public debt positively impact infrastructural development in Nigeria. The research recommend that government should ensure that debts incurred are channel towards the specific and identified infrastructural productive projects and not just for solving short run problems

OPTIMIZATION OF THE TOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE IMPLEMENTATION THE PROJECT LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT CONCEPT AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE “ALMAZ – ANTEY”

Production project lifecycle management is a complex and capacious process of development, planning and production. The concept of the project life cycle, lifecycle management strategy and its structuring are considered. The relevance of the implementation of the concept to optimize the tool management system at the enterprises of the “Almaz – Antey” ASD Corporation” has been formulated. Software products of lifecycle management control system are considered. An Ishikawa causal diagram assessing the problem of the current tool management system is presented. A map of the flow of creating the value of selection and testing of prefabricated metal cutting tools in the “before” and “after” optimization states has been formed. Ways to improve the tool management system are proposed, its effectiveness after the introduction of lean production tools is analyzed.

Effectiveness of Water-Amine Combined Process for CO2 Extraction from Biogas

Abstract The EU countries are implementing biomethane production projects from biogas, supplying it to the natural gas distribution grid, or using it as motor fuel. It is also extremely relevant for Ukraine, supposing the problems with gas import due to Russian aggression. Biogas production from landfills, agriculture waste, and sewage is already implemented in Ukraine, so the next step must be biomethane production on an industrial scale and the selection of biogas separation technology is important. Using 11 years of industrial experience in biogas production from landfills, wide experience of the different methane-containing gases separations, and small companies’ industrial possibilities, the most applicable separation technologies for Ukraine were selected: amine, water, and combined water amine carbon dioxide separation. These technologies had compared using computer simulation with real landfill biogas flow rate debt. Results of a software simulation of the most applicable water-amine absorption technology were verified using a laboratory setup. For carbon dioxide concentration in biogas at 32–42 % vol., the specific energy consumption when using water absorption is on average 2 times less compared to amine absorption, but at the same time, the loss of methane due to its solubility in water during water absorption amounted to 7.1–7.6 %, with practically no losses in amine absorption, and minor losses at 0.17–2.8 % in combined water-amine technology. The energy consumption of combined water-amine absorption is comparable to that of water absorption due to: a) reduction of heat losses for the regeneration process of saturated amine absorbent, as part of carbon dioxide has already been removed with water technology; b) using the methane excess to compensate power consumption of the biogas compressor during the preliminary water absorption of carbon dioxide and/or to compensate heat costs of the saturated amine absorbent regeneration

Исследование технологии производства как фактора, влияющего на время цикла сборки изделия

Nowadays the organization of domestic serial production of high-tech products requires a lot of time. On the one hand, the reason is the restructuring of logistics chains with foreign suppliers, on the other hand, the building of cooperation in the country. For example, the duration of the implementation of promising production projects in the space industry is still years. Factories are changing approaches in the organization of work – one of the main ways to influence the duration of production is to reduce the time of their own production cycle. As a rule, the analysis of the organization of serial production begins with the final assembly, which determines the tact of work for all other sites that produce components. When evaluating the effectiveness of the organization of assembly production, criteria and factors are determined. The time of the product assembly cycle is taken as the efficiency criterion. It is necessary to determine the degree of significance for each factor and understand their mutual influence on each other. The purpose of the research is to develop a unified system of factors affecting the cycle, and a method based on this system for evaluating the effectiveness of the organization of assembly production. The article considers the technological process as a factor affecting the product assembly cycle.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ РОССИЙСКОГО ЭНЕРГОБАЛАНСА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ВКЛЮЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДА В МИРОВОЙ ЭНЕРГОБАЛАНС

The purpose of the article is to analyze the prospects for the development of hydrogen energy in Russia in the context of the transformation of the global energy balance. The article examines the current state of the Russian energy balance and the factors influencing its development directions, analyzes hydrogen production projects, and describes the investment component of the optimal scenario for the transformation of the energy balance in the Russian Federation in connection with the development of hydrogen energy. It is determined that the development of hydrogen energy in the Russian Federation is conditioned by the need to ensure energy security and national technological sovereignty. In addition, the development of low-carbon energy sources contributes to the diversification of the country’s fuel energy balance and the reduction of its carbon footprint in the global economy. In the conclusions of the article, proposals are formulated for the transformation of the energy balance of the Russian Federation, taking into account the possible inclusion of hydrogen in the global energy balance.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ПРОЕКТА ПО ПРОИЗВОДСТВУ СОЕВОГО МОЛОКА

This article discusses a project for the production of soy milk in JSC Rassvet. The purpose of the economic justification of the soy milk production project for JSC Rassvet is to assess the prospects for the implementation of this proposal by calculating the investment base, determining the payback period due to the current economic situation and the effectiveness of the entire project as a whole. Since increasing the level of competitiveness and strengthening the position in the industry is closely interrelated with investment activity, we have developed and economically justified a soy milk production project. The relevance of this project is due to the fact that products from foreign manufacturers are currently being sold in local markets, since due to unfavorable circumstances, the Russian Federation has lost a dense network of sales channels and was subject to sanctions pressure, the state supports domestic entrepreneurs and promotes import substitution policy. Based on the above, it is worth noting that the development of such a project will allow you to take a stable position in the selected market segment, diversify the funds of JSC Rassvet and profit from the sale of alternative milk. Since this project for the production of soy milk provides for the creation of a new production line focused on the production of high-quality and environmentally friendly products, and in demand. Considering in this way, it should be known that the results of the study demonstrate high profitability and potential for further growth. The soy milk production project can be an important step in the strategic development of the enterprise and strengthen its position in the healthy food market.

УЧАСТИЕ В НАЦИОНАЛЬНОМ ПРОЕКТЕ «ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ТРУДА» КАК СТРАТЕГИЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ РИСКОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

Labor productivity affects the efficiency of a business and its position in the market. Research into how participation in the national Labor Productivity project can help optimize enterprise risks is of great interest to the business community and management specialists. National projects, such as Labor Productivity, have a direct impact on the country’s economy, including competitiveness, employment, and innovation. Therefore, analyzing the impact of enterprises’ participation in this project on the risk and sustainability of their business is of great importance. The article substantiates the importance of the participation of enterprises in the Labor Productivity project, describes its impact on business, provides examples of successful participation in the project of Russian companies, the results they achieved, and draws conclusions about the need to apply and develop acquired competencies.

Precipitation Assessment of Kabul City from 2006-2020

Assessment of precipitation conditions is a crucial factor in determining an area's current and future climatic conditions. This study investigates precipitation conditions in Kabul City from 2006 to 2020, covering the last 15 years. Research shows that 50% of precipitation occurs in the winter season in Kabul and varies from year to year. The trend line of precipitation has shown a minimal increase of 0.64mm/yr, which is insufficient due to the dense urban population's high-temperature increase and daily water usage. The study aims to assess the precipitation conditions in Kabul for the past 15 years. For this purpose, climatic data from the Afghanistan Meteorological Department (AMD) and daily precipitation data were analyzed. Standard deviation equations were applied to determine the dry and wet years from the average (normal) year. The analysis of the precipitation data demonstrated two periods of severe droughts and one moderate rainy period. The first severe drought occurred from 2007 to 2008, the second period of severe drought occurred from 2016 to 2018, and one moderate rainy period occurred from 2011 to 2014. The results indicate that Kabul City's precipitation is not enough due to the usage of groundwater by the dense urban population, car wash companies, public baths, and the recent establishment of too many greenhouses in the suburbs of Kabul City. Consequently, the water balance is negative, leading to a shortage. Understanding the precipitation condition of Kabul City and its trends over the past 15 years is crucial for policymakers and stakeholders when making decisions on water resources management, agriculture, food production, and environmental challenges incorporation projects. This research provides valuable information that can support evidence-based decision-making to address the challenges posed by the changing climate patterns in Afghanistan.

Peran Wakaf Dan Zakat Dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Masyarakat Indonesia

Poverty and unemployment are currently complex and serious issues in Indonesia, with one of the primary causes being the unequal distribution of wealth in society. Islam presents a significant potential solution to address these problems through the utilization of zakat and waqf, two concepts deeply rooted in the principles of social justice and economic empowerment. This research aims to analyze the roles of zakat and waqf in improving the economic well-being of Indonesian society, exploring the potential for collecting zakat and waqf funds, and proposing productive waqf management models. The findings of the study reveal the pivotal roles that zakat and waqf play in reducing economic inequality. Zakat can be used to provide direct assistance to those in need and empower the community through small business capital and skills training. On the other hand, waqf has the potential to create long-term investments in economic development by utilizing waqf assets for productive projects that generate employment and income. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of productive and creative management of zakat and waqf funds, including strategic investments in waqf assets. Increasing public awareness of zakat and waqf and fostering collaboration with governmental institutions and communities are identified as key factors in maximizing the potential of zakat and waqf. Educational initiatives and fundraising models, such as conducting fundraising activities at various locations, are also described as crucial steps in achieving economic empowerment and poverty reduction through zakat and waqf. With the right approach, zakat and waqf have the potential to become powerful instruments in alleviating poverty and unemployment in Indonesia, leading to a more prosperous and economically equitable society.

Anaerobic Digestion Technology for Biogas Production: Current Situation in Nigeria (A Review)

In view of the nation's vast agricultural resources, crop residues, animal manure, municipal waste, and wastewater sludge may be transformed into renewable energy, potentially a source of revenue. Biogas production offers cleaner, sustainable solutions across the nation. The compass of supportive policy and regulation emerges, guiding investment toward transformative shores. Various "Waste-to-Energy" academic researches and pilot projects illuminate paths to energy generation, waste management and sustainability with the prospects of a viable bioeconomy. The application of anaerobic digestion technology contributes to a greener and more sustainable energy future. In Nigeria, biogas production holds multifaceted benefits which include energy sustainability waste management, and climate change mitigation. By harnessing organic waste, energy source diversification reduces reliance on fossil fuels. Biogas mitigates environmental pollution, converts waste to value, which is key to climate goals. Sustaining biogas production requires incentives, research, expertise, public awareness, and infrastructure. Collaboration and strategic partnerships will likely accelerate Nigeria's biogas production potential. In conclusion, this review underscores the immense potential of biogas production in Nigeria. It seeks to enliven the discussion for fostering efficient management of the abundant organic resources, supportive policies, public engagement, technological advancements, and partnerships that can bring about a wider implementation of biogas production projects across Nigeria towards a greener and sustainable energy future.

Process of effective management of the Eurasian transport system on the terms of integration

Transformation of international relations caused by geopolitical processes significantly affects the development trends in foreign trade activities, global restructuring of goods movement channels, changes in the conditions of currency and customs regulation, lending, and investment. Ensuring stability, security and prosperity in the Eurasian region meets interests of many states, primarily Russia and China, as well as their closest partners. The implementation of the project on construction and modernization of the Eurasian transport system will not only neutralize risks in the context of international challenges, but will also contribute to the new ecosystem creation with great potential in the new realities. Harmonization and joint coordination of actions in accordance with the integration process progressive implementation to create a regional ecosystem in the international format will contribute to the creation of mutually beneficial partnership, development of sustainable long-term ties for implementing trade, scientific, production, and logistics projects. Conceptual provisions of the integration process to create a regional ecosystem will help to create sustainable conditions for economic development and increase corporate, sectoral and regional policies effectiveness. Building an international architecture of strategic partnership in the format of regional and sectoral interactions is a real and potentially successful approach to increase regional economic cooperation efficiency. The relevance of the study is also confirmed by the provisions of the project on transport and logistics and economic cooperation development until 2030 in priority strategic directions, primarily in financial, industrial-technological and transport, and logistics areas. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive and integrated study of the role and regional cooperation potential and economic processes integration in China and Russia in the new ecosystem of the Greater Eurasian Partnership, as well as development of mutually beneficial cooperation between the states of the region in economic, political and humanitarian spheres. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the justification of the construction and implementation of a joint transport and logistics project on the terms of integration between China and Russia, which will predetermine the creation of the Greater Eurasian Partnership new ecosystem named with long-term mutually beneficial multilateral cooperation at the international level in the economic, political, and humanitarian fields.

PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI SEBAGAI MODUL AJAR PROJEK PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA PADA SMK

This research was conducted due to the policy of renewing the national curriculum to the Merdeka Belajar curriculum, which contains Differentiated Learning approach and the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) for elementary to high school levels. The interesting thing to study here is how to implement this policy in the realm of vocational education at SMK (Vocational High School). This research aims to investigate how the differentiated learning approach is implemented on the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile in vocational schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis methods. Data collection uses observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis techniques are used in data analysis, including data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. This research shows that planning involves analyzing school readiness, forming committees, establishing success indicators, providing P5 training for teachers, mapping students using diagnostic assessments, determining P5 themes, and designing learning modules. Implementation includes P5 socialization, differentiated learning processes, product guidance, and productive expo projects. Evaluation has been carried out through reflection sessions at the end of each lesson, performance rubrics, and written tests. In general, a differentiated learning approach as module for the Project for Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students in Vocational Schools has been implemented continuously and has had a positive impact on students, as shown by increased enthusiasm and satisfactory assessment results.

CONTROLLING AS A COMPONENT OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN AGRO-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION

The subject of the research is the study of controlling as an integral part of project management in agricultural production. Methodology. The study used general scientific methods, in particular: theoretical generalisation; methods of analysis and synthesis; statistical analysis; graphical method (for visual display of the study results). The article presents results of substantiation of expediency of application of controlling in management of agricultural production projects. Сonclusion. Project management controlling is an essential tool for achieving success and sustainability in the implementation of projects, carrying out systematic planning, control and analysis of economic activities at the level of the entire organisation. The cooperation between controlling and project management is crucial for the effectiveness and efficiency of projects, and the implementation of controlling is a strategic step to achieve common strategic goals and increase the sustainability of the activity. Project management in agriculture requires specific approaches, and controlling is vital to achieving successful results. The key aspects of controlling are financial monitoring, adaptation to seasonality and project cycles, quality and standards monitoring, risk management and consideration of environmental approaches. Five key elements of project management controlling in the agricultural sector determine the effectiveness of project implementation. The schedule allows for accurate resource planning and control over project execution. Effective resource management helps to stay within the budget, risk analysis helps to avoid negative impacts, change control prevents unexpected expansion of the project scope, and measuring performance against critical indicators allows to evaluate project performance. The system of controlling is manifested in the union of all subsystems and blocks of controlling, where their interaction is aimed at the strategic goals of the company. This approach takes into account the importance of system integration and alignment with strategic goals for successful business management.

Oil Transnational Corporations and the Legacy of Corporate-Community Conflicts: The Case of SEEPCO in Nigeria

Abstract This paper examines the nature, impact, ramifications, and root causes of the corporate-community resource conflict in Anambra’s oil-bearing communities. It approaches this objective from the standpoint that such a conflict may be appropriately termed “a legacy of oil transnational corporations” in Nigeria, given their antecedents in the Niger Delta region. Unlike the existing literature that blames such conflicts for the most part on environmental, socio-economic, and political factors, with limited emphasis on the legal factors, this paper takes the position that an unhealthy legal apparatus of the Nigerian state and regulatory gaps in Nigeria’s oil industry provide the enabling environment that makes the conflict inevitable. Essentially, this paper tweaks the “resource curse” theory as espoused by mainstream political economists by demonstrating that, apart from greed and grievance, the “curse” is equally underpinned by inept legal structures and regulatory gaps that show little regard for good governance and the well-being of the local people in host communities. But two possible solutions are proffered. One is the institutionalization of a statutory scheme for consultation with the local communities before appropriation of their lands for oil production projects, and the other is encouraging the participation of indigenous peoples or indigenous entities in the development of their natural resources, following the example of Orient Petroleum Resources Plc.

Assessment of the state of fixed assets of enterprises and organizations in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation as a factor determining its sustainable development

The analysis of the state of fixed assets is important for determining the production capabilities of the organization and strategic prospects of its development. The value of fixed assets determines the production capacity of the company, timely renewal of fixed assets increases their productivity and operational efficiency, while reducing the probability of losses caused by equipment failure as a result of systemic depreciation. Decrease in the rate of fixed assets reproduction leads to decline in production capacity and productivity level, increase in repair costs, decrease in the quality and competitiveness of products, reduction of income. The condition and degree of efficiency of fixed assets use affect the final results of economic activity of organizations of all forms of ownership and organizational and legal forms. The aim of this study is to assess the condition of fixed assets of enterprises and organizations in the territories of the regions included in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, since it is their availability and quality that is the basis for sustainable development and determines the available economic and production potential. Economic and statistical and comparative analysis were chosen as research methods. According to the results of the analysis, it was found out that the state of fixed assets in the Russian Federation as a whole is deteriorating, the measures taken to stimulate entrepreneurs to modernize production facilities, although caused some positive changes, but the expected results have not been achieved. The described situation is typical for the whole territory of the country, but it is especially relevant for the Arctic zone, where the realization of large-scale production and infrastructure projects is planned in the near future. To solve this problem will require joint efforts and interest in the result not only from the state, but also from business.

A comprehensive technical assessment of well intervention operations across all PVEP’s projects (2017 - 2021 period) and recommendations for ongoing optimization

This article provides a summary and assessment of well intervention activities, including perforation (add-perf/re-perf), acid treatment (acidizing), water/gas shut-off (WSO/GSO), hydraulic fracturing (HF), and electric submersible pump installation (ESP) at oil and gas production projects that the Petrovietnam Exploration and Production Corporation (PVEP) has participated in investment, operation, and optimization during the period of 2017 - 2021. Based on this, the effectiveness of well interventions in increasing production and reservoir recovery is evaluated. Additionally, the article analyzes lessons learned and proposes directions for optimizing well interventions for the next phase.

Research on the development and application of loose-leaf textbooks for soil mechanics

The research of this paper aims to develop a new form of a digital textbook for the course of "Soil Mechanics" to solve the existing problems in higher vocational education. The Soil Mechanics textbook is out of touch with the actual production of enterprises, and its content is outdated. In order to cultivate students to adapt to the digitization requirements, we have co-developed the loose-leaf textbooks for "Soil Mechanics" in conjunction with front-line companies, which break through the framework of traditional course syllabus and textbooks, emphasizing the work process learning of actual production projects. The textbooks comprehensively consider the educational role of the course in the aspects of knowledge and skills, learning process and methodology, emotions, attitudes and values, and integrate the teaching and implementation process with the work content and knowledge together.

What drives public debt in SAARC countries? An empirical assessment

PurposeThis study aims to explore the determinants of public debt in selected South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries for 19 years, from 2001 to 2019.Design/methodology/approachUsing ordinary fixed and random effect models, the authors examine the role of internal and external factors in determining the composition of public debt. Furthermore, for robustness, they compare the results with two-stage least square (2SLS) regression estimates after considering the problem of endogeneity, overidentification, under-identification and weak instruments.FindingsThe findings show that among the selected macroeconomic variables, inflation, exchange rate and broad money have significant negative effects on the debt-GDP ratio. In contrast, military spending, corruption and interest rates appear to positively influence the same as per 2SLS results. From the policymaking perspective, SAARC countries should focus more on reducing military spending and make a concerted effort to augment investments in productive projects. Further, with strong fiscal consolidation and institutional quality, it is important to mitigate the frequent occurrence of corruption conundrums in emerging economies for the development of a transparent economic system.Originality/valueThe study is distinct from previous studies in two ways. First, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no studies focusing on SAARC countries in the context of public debt. Second, the study expands the existing literature on public debt by taking into account both external and internal debts to decipher the within-country and cross-country determinants of debt accumulation. More specifically, this model considers accountability and transparency in the public sector, cross-border security challenges and benefits of globalization by including explanatory variables such as corruption, military expenditure spending and capital inflows.

Capacities of the members of the family business in the consolidation of sustainable productive projects

Capacities of the members of the family business in the consolidation of sustainable productive projects

Simultaneous evaluation of criteria and alternatives method-based site selection for solar hydrogen production plant in Inner Mongolia, China

In the context of achieving carbon neutrality, China's demand for renewable energy continues to grow, with the development of solar energy attracting widespread attention. Aiming at the problem that solar energy is not accessible at all times and the storage of excess power, this paper proposes a model for siting a solar hydrogen plant in Inner Mongolia based on Simultaneous Evaluation of Criteria and Alternatives (SECA). Firstly, considering the uniqueness of solar hydrogen production projects (SHPPs), we incorporate the criteria of hydrogen production capacity and local finance into the siting decision model. Secondly, the SECA method is employed to construct a nonlinear multi-objective optimization model, facilitating the direct determination of criterion weights and enhancing decision-making efficiency. Third, the convergence change of the coefficient β in the SECA method is used to rank the candidate cities by solving the optimization model to produce stable results. Finally, this study verifies the validity of the model used through sensitivity and comparative analyses. The results show that Chifeng is the best location for solar hydrogen production considering the three most important factors are hydrogen production capacity (11.7%), average humidity (12.4%) and average temperature (14.46%).