Scale Production Research Articles

Estimation of the impact of investment in fixed assets and employment on GDP using the Cobb-Douglas function

The main objective of the study is to determine the degree of influence of labor and investment in fixed capital on the total volume of output in Kazakhstan. The paper uses the multiple regression analysis method based on the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results of the empirical analysis showed that with a change in investment in fixed capital by 1%, the volume of production will increase by an average of 0.747%. Accordingly, with a change in the number of employed people by 1%, the volume of production will increase by an average of 2.589%. The study revealed a low contribution of technological progress to the development of the manufacturing industry. Based on the analysis, a conclusion was made about the presence of increasing returns to the scale of production, since the sum of the elasticity coefficients of production for capital and labor is greater than one. The high rate of contribution to labor costs (2.589%) indicates that the growth of labor intensity in the manufacturing industry of Kazakhstan has a stimulating effect on the economic growth of production, and also brings a positive economic effect to production.

Sustainable Biomethanol and Biomethane Production via Anaerobic Digestion, Oxy-Fuel Gas Turbine and Amine Scrubbing CO2 Capture

Energy policies around the world are increasingly highlighting the importance of hydrogen in the evolving energy landscape. In this regard, the use of hydrogen to produce biomethanol not only plays an essential role in the chemical industry but also holds great promise as an alternative fuel for global shipping. This study evaluates a system for generating biomethanol and biomethane based on anaerobic digestion, biogas upgrading, methanol synthesis unit, and high-temperature electrolysis. Thermal integration is implemented to enhance efficiency by linking the oxy-fuel gas turbine unit. The integrated system performance is evaluated through thermodynamic modeling, and Aspen Plus V12.1 is employed for the analysis. Our findings show that the primary power consumers are the Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) and Methanol Synthesis Unit (MSU), with the SOEC system consuming 824 kW of power and the MSU consuming 129.5 kW of power, corresponding to a production scale of 23.2 kg/h of hydrogen and 269.54 kg/h of biomethanol, respectively. The overall energy efficiency is calculated at 58.09%, considering a production output of 188 kg/h of biomethane and 269 kg/h of biomethanol. The amount of carbon dioxide emitted per biofuel production is equal to 0.017, and the proposed system can be considered a low-carbon emission system. Key findings include significant enhancements in biomethanol capacity and energy efficiency with higher temperatures in the methanol reactor.

Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genomic comparison of non-typhoidal salmonella isolated from pig farms with different levels of intensification in Yangon Region, Myanmar

In Myanmar, where backyard, semi-intensive, and intensive pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) farming coexist, there is limited understanding of the zoonotic risks and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) associated with these farming practices. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, AMR and genomic features of Salmonella in pig farms in the Yangon region and the impact of farm intensification to provide evidence to support risk-based future management approaches. Twenty-three farms with different production scales were sampled for two periods with three sampling-visit each. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and whole-genome sequencing were performed on the isolates. The prevalence of Salmonella was 44.5% in samples collected from backyard farms, followed by intensive (39.5%) and semi-intensive farms (19.5%). The prevalence of multi-drug resistant isolates from intensive farms (45/84, 53.6%) was higher than those from backyard (32/171, 18.7%) and semi-intensive farms (25/161, 15.5%). Among 28 different serovars identified, S. Weltevreden (40; 14.5%), S. Kentucky (38; 13.8%), S. Stanley (35, 12.7%), S. Typhimurium (22; 8.0%) and S. Brancaster (20; 7.3%) were the most prevalent serovars and accounted for 56.3% of the genome sequenced strains. The diversity of Salmonella serovars was highest in semi-intensive and backyard farms (21 and 19 different serovars, respectively). The high prevalence of globally emerging S. Kentucky ST198 was detected on backyard farms. The invasive-infection linked typhoid-toxin gene (cdtB) was found in the backyard farm isolated S. Typhimurium, relatively enriched in virulence and AMR genes, presented an important target for future surveillance. While intensification, in terms of semi-intensive versus backyard production, maybe a mitigator for zoonotic risk through a lower prevalence of Salmonella, intensive production appears to enhance AMR-associated risks. Therefore, it remains crucial to closely monitor the AMR and virulence potential of this pathogen at all scales of production. The results underscored the complex relationship between intensification of animal production and the prevalence, diversity and AMR of Salmonella from pig farms in Myanmar.

Microalgae-based sunscreens as green and sustainable cosmetic products.

Recently, microalgal biotechnology has attained great acceptance among various researchers and industries for the green and sustainable production of different bioactive compounds. They provide multiple metabolites and molecules, making them an ideal candidate for cosmetic formulators and cosmeceutical companies. Nevertheless, numerous microalgae strains have never been studied for their pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmeceutical purposes. Even less, only some have been cultivated on a large scale for bioactive compound production. Here, we have studied the cosmetic and cosmeceutical potentials of different microalgal strains for sunscreen as adjuvants and boosters in a green, carbon-neutral and sustainable platform. Other bioactive compounds were exploited, and the available products in the market and the published patents were also reviewed. From our review, it will be possible to combine the fundamental and practical aspects of microalgal biotechnology toward a greener and more sustainable future for the cosmetic/cosmeceutical areas of the photoprotection scenario.

Exploring Feedstock Recycling in Liquid-Phase-Exfoliated Nanosheets.

Industrial scale-up of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial production is essential if these novel materials are to prove themselves commercially viable for applications ranging from energy conversion and storage to optoelectronic devices and clean water. There are several techniques to produce 2D materials, and liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) is one that has emerged as the most widespread across laboratory, pilot, and industrial production scales. One of the main issues faced in the scale-up of such techniques is the low yield (typically 0.5-5 wt %), resulting in high levels of wasted feedstock material. Similarly, every 10 kg of product can create 1000 L or more of solvent waste, many of which are highly toxic to the environment (e.g., NMP). Using MoS2 as a prototypical 2D material, this work demonstrates a sustainable approach to recover and reuse unexfoliated precursor material and the exfoliation solvent to reduce waste by up to 82% and solvent requirement by up to 72%. Material production efficiency benefits were also achieved, with over 3-fold increase in product yield and energy usage reduced by up to 12%. The approach can be easily scaled and immediately implemented using existing infrastructure, and a pathway for industrial implementation has been outlined to support this.

Ultraselective carbon hollow fiber membrane for H2 extraction from blended natural gas

Blending hydrogen into natural gas (H2NG) pipelines is a feasible solution for low-cost hydrogen delivery while purifying H2 at end-use remains challenging due to its high pressure and low H2 concentration. Herein, biomass-derived carbon hollow fiber membranes (CHFMs) with ultrahigh H2/CH4 separation factor of 4149.0 under a simulated H2NG (10 mol% H2/90 mol% CH4) at 30 bar were reported, and the separation performance maintained within 150 h in a dynamic durability test. Furthermore, the CHFMs showed good stability under fluctuating temperature feeds (up to 100 °C). To evaluate the feasibility of the CHFMs for H2 extraction from H2NG, a three-stage membrane system was designed based on the mixed gas separation performances. It suggested that 99.99 mol% H2 can be achieved with a 90 % recovery, and the specific H2 purification cost was 0.245 $/Nm3 for a 1.8 × 105 Nm3/h production scale, which provides the possibility of hydrogen extraction from H2NG pipelines.

Economic assessment of acetaldehyde production from oxidative dehydrogenation of bioethanol through chemical looping air separation

The conventional bioethanol oxidative dehydrogenation to acetaldehyde suffers from low energy efficiency and high capital cost due to cryogenic air separation’s high energy consumption and high capital investment. A novel bioethanol oxidative dehydrogenation to acetaldehyde system through chemical looping air separation is established and analyzed in this paper. According to the prediction results, energy efficiency as well as techno-economic performance for the system are studied. It demonstrates that the whole energy efficiency of the system is 55.91 %. Moreover, the acetaldehyde production cost is $877/tonne with bioethanol price $0.43/L. For the acetaldehyde production scale of 106 tonnes/year, the payback period is 2.40 years. Compared with other acetaldehyde production technologies, the system is competitive in terms of acetaldehyde production cost. Additionally, sensitivity analysis for influence factors is carried out. The price of bioethanol has the greatest impact on acetaldehyde production cost, while the price of water is the minimum influence factor.

Flow characteristics and mass transfer performance of phosphoric acid extraction in a T-type central plug-in microreactor

In recent years, the demand for phosphoric acid, a key raw material for lithium iron phosphate batteries, has surged. However, current phosphoric acid extraction equipment faces challenges such as low mass transfer efficiency and difficulty in phase separation, leading to reduced production efficiency, bulky equipment, and scaling issues. To address these problems, this study introduces a T-type central plug-in microreactor (TCPM) designed to enhance mass transfer efficiency and facilitate rapid phase separation. The extraction of phosphoric acid from the water phase to the organic phase (volume ratio of tributyl phosphate to kerosene is 4:1) was chosen as the experimental system. We investigated the effects of various parameters on liquid-liquid flow and mass transfer characteristics in the TCPM. Visualization techniques identified slug and parallel flow as the primary liquid-liquid flow patterns within the TCPM. Notably, the central plug-in promotes the formation of parallel flow, improving phase separation compared to conventional T-type microreactors. The volume mass transfer coefficient of the TCPM ranges from 0.023 to 0.074 s-1, and the optimal phosphoric acid extraction efficiency and volume mass transfer coefficient can reach up to 90.5% and 0.074 s-1, respectively, outperforming conventional T-type microreactors. Predictive model for extraction efficiency was developed, showing deviations within 10%. These findings demonstrate the TCPM's potential as an efficient phosphoric acid extraction device with rapid phase separation, holding significant promise for liquid-liquid extraction applications.

When is the right time to invest in hydrogen metallurgy projects for iron and steel enterprises?

Hydrogen metallurgy technology is considered a key technology for the iron and steel industry to achieve carbon neutrality. However, it has been slow to be widely promoted in China due to factors such as stranded costs from carbon metallurgy equipment, hydrogen production costs, consumer preferences, and carbon costs. Based on these comprehensive consideration, this paper establishes a predictive model for investment timing of hydrogen metallurgy projects, takes an example of a Chinese steel enterprise with medium production scale. The research results show that the hydrogen metallurgy project with a hydrogen-rich blast furnace injection technology (hydrogen-rich BF) route is the most economically advantageous after 2026; after 2048, the net income of the hydrogen metallurgy project with a hydrogen-based shaft furnace direct reduction technology (hydrogen-based DRI) route will be greater than the stranded costs of carbon metallurgy projects, making it the most economically advantageous project. However, market dynamics and equipment variations significantly influence project viability.

Imports and the CO2 emissions of firms

We explore how importing of intermediate goods affects the carbon intensity of firms in the Swedish manufacturing sector. By exploiting exogenous shocks to foreign export supply of intermediate goods, we estimate that a 10 percent increase in imports causes a 5.6 percent reduction in carbon intensity. Average carbon intensity among the firms in our sample between 2004 and 2016 decreased by around 50 percent, and our results suggest that import growth accounted for about a third of this decline. Exploring the mechanisms, we find evidence for both a technique effect and a product composition effect. Importing has a positive impact on productivity, scale of production, and abatement investments. It also encourages firms to focus more on their core products. We find no evidence for a pollution haven effect.

Hot Melt Extruded High-Dose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Containing Lumefantrine and Soluplus

Over the last 15 years, a small number of paediatric artemisinin-based combination therapy products have been marketed. These included Riamet® and Coartem® dispersible tablets, a combination of artemether and lumefantrine, co-developed by the Medicines for Malaria Venture and Novartis. Disappointingly, patient compliance, requirement for high-fat meal, and sporadic drug dissolution behaviours following administration still result in considerable challenges for these products. The first and foremost barrier that needs addressed for successful delivery of the artemether/lumefantrine combination is the poor solubility of lumefantrine within the gastrointestinal fluids. In this work, amorphous solid dispersions of lumefantrine within Soluplus®-based matrices have been manufactured using hot melt extrusion as a potential formulation strategy to achieve enhanced dissolution and apparent solubility. The drug loading capacity of Soluplus® to accommodate amorphous lumefantrine, whilst ensuring improved in-vitro dissolution performance, was investigated. The extrusion process employed a variety of processing parameters, including various temperature profiles and different production scales. The influence of variation in extrusion conditions upon the physical stability of manufactured amorphous solid dispersions was also examined. This allowed for a greater understanding of the role of extrusion processing conditions on the performance of supersaturated amorphous solid dispersions during dissolution and storage. This may allow for the design and manufacture of drug enabled formulations with lower drug dosing and thus a lower risk of adverse effects.

Modeling the output from a commercial chemical process using regression models from survival analysis

This article is concerned with the modeling of the gas output of a commercial chemical plant using the coal sources as predictor variables. We consider the use of two models to incorporate these predictors; the Cox proportional hazards and accelerated failure time regression models. These models are chosen for their simplicity and for the ease with which the effects of explanatory variables can be interpreted. The contribution of this article lies therein that these models are used in the current context for the first time. We show, using both graphical and formal hypothesis testing procedures that these models (with a Weibull baseline distribution) fit observed gas production data well. We provide a discussion of the interpretation of the estimated model parameters and we comment on how these estimates can be of substantial practical value. The large scale of production from the chemical plant in question ensures that potential cost savings and increases in production associated with more accurate models are of great practical importance.

Individual or communal? Exploring the social dynamics of ceramic production at the Lengyel circular-enclosure site of Těšetice-Kyjovice – Sutny, South Moravia

Although ceramic vessels form the majority of artifact assemblages in the Neolithic, little is known about their production beyond the assumption that they were made in a domestic context. Characterizing the scale of ceramic production is important for understanding Neolithic social and economic processes, particularly at sites with enclosure systems that indicate an increased degree of social organization. Nevertheless, characterizing the complexity and social entanglements of ceramic production is a difficult task in the absence of primary production locales.In this study, we provide a working hypothesis and use ceramic and clay petrographic data to highlight the variability in ceramic technological practices, and in turn, identify the organization of ceramic production at the Late Neolithic (Lengyel I; 4750–4500 BCE) site of Těšetice-Kyjovice – Sutny, South Moravia, Czech Republic. The site is characterised by a large circular enclosure, the construction of which required a high level of social cooperation. It is still under scrutiny whether the cooperation required for building the enclosure system was only temporary and related to this construction activity, or if it reflects a higher degree of social organization in general.By understanding ceramic production, we may clarify the complexity of the most common production processes that took place at the site. Large-scale ceramic and clay petrographic data provide information on the first steps of the chaîne opératoire in ceramic fabrication, which can be used to assess the organization of production. A systematic analysis of a large number of ceramic samples, representing all basic typological and macroscopically distinguishable fabric groups, revealed a high degree of individuality in choices of raw materials and tempers. Ceramic petrographic data, compared with the petrographic data of local sediment sources, further highlighted individuality in raw material and temper preferences, and even mixing of raw materials was identified.Our analyses suggest that Lengyel culture potters likely produced their vessels on a household level, with no evidence suggesting non-domestic production. These data, in conjunction with ceramic petrographic data from Hungarian Late Neolithic sites, suggest that Late Neolithic communities were self-sufficient in terms of utilitarian pottery production. Ceramic petrographic data also indicate interaction between the inhabitants of Těšetice and other Lengyel culture communities in the vicinity, perhaps further indicating a higher degree of social organization at the site.

Реалізація виробничого потенціалу підприємства в контексті забезпечення економічної безпеки

The article substantiates the relationship between the development potential and the economic security of the enterprise. The new opportunities that open for business in the context of strengthening globalization and integration processes and developing innovative technologies simultaneously lead to the growth of threats associated with the peculiarities of material, financial, and information flows. In these conditions, the strategy of developing the company’s potential requires new approaches to management. It has been established that achieving the appropriate level of economic security is the basis of sustainable development and the enterprise’s potential growth. At the same time, the company’s potential growth in development is limited by the need to incur costs for protection against dangers and threats. Considering the state of economic security, the enterprise’s material and financial resources should be used to increase its development potential. The number of expenses necessary to ensure the economic security of the enterprise’s activities must be determined by the management bodies independently based on the scale of production, the specifics of technological processes, the state of the material and technical base, the number of possible losses, etc. This means that when making management decisions regarding the direction of the use of material, financial, and investment resources, it is necessary to proceed first from the need to ensure economic security as a basis for the stability and sustainable development of the enterprise. The priority of using resources to ensure economic security is explained by the role it plays in the activities of enterprises. Based on the example of financial security, the indicators that can be used to assess its condition are established. Comparison with marginal indicators makes it possible to assess the state of financial security and make timely management decisions regarding its change. Keywords: economic security, risks, threats, enterprise development potential, ways to ensure economic security.

High-strength aluminum alloy processed by micro laser powder bed fusion (μ-LPBF): Coordination of laser formability, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties

As the scale of additive manufacturing process (e.g., laser spot size, powder particle size, powder layer thickness) decreases, the application of micro laser powder bed fusion (μ-LPBF) involves novel mechanisms for process, microstructure and performance coordination. This study provides a systematic view of the processing window and performance enhancement of high-strength Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy fabricated by μ-LPBF. The effects of μ-LPBF parameters on defect control and densification activity of the printed parts were analyzed, so as to obtain the suitable processing window. The influence of building orientation and heat treatment on microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of μ-LPBF processed parts was studied. The μ-LPBF Al-Mg-Sc-Zr exhibited sound surface quality (Ra of 6.088 μm) and considerably refined grains with an average size of 1.102 μm, which was related to the high cooling rate (8.6 × 107 K/s) induced by a small-sized laser beam (25 μm) and a tiny powder particle size distribution (2–20 μm) applied in μ-LPBF. After aging treatment (325 °C/4 h), the superior ultimate tensile strength of 590.24 ± 4.75 MPa combined with the sufficiently high elongation of 11.99 ± 1.17 % was achieved. Due to the significantly decreased scale of μ-LPBF production, the anisotropy caused by the variation of building directions was negligible. These enhanced mechanical properties were attributed to the combined effect of the grain size refinement, the higher number density (1.2 × 1024/mm3) of interior precipitates within grains, and the small-sized molten pool size of μ-LPBF. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was applied to reveal the molten pool thermodynamics, indicating that a higher thermal temperature gradient (up to 9.8×107 K/m), a smaller molten pool size (with the width of 38.7–69.8 μm and depth of 8.7–30.0 μm) were generated in μ-LPBF. This work presents great potential in processing high-precision metallic components with fine structural feature size and satisfactory manufacturing quality.

Formation of the prerequisites of the analysis of investment activities to the era of the establishment of the market economy

The paper is devoted to the study of the prerequisites for the development of investment activity analysis before the era of the formation of a market economy in the countries of European civilization. In the 21st century, investment activity has gained particular importance, and understanding the historical aspects of economic relations and accounting practices is crucial for its effective analysis. For this purpose, the paper systematizes and periodizes the stages of development of accounting and economic analysis, starting from the early civilizations up to the end of the 19th century. The research employs a comprehensive set of methods, including dialectical, historical, abstract-logical, methods of induction and deduction, as well as expert evaluation and comparison methods. The application of these methods allowed for the identification of patterns in the development of accounting and economic activity analysis in connection with the evolution of socio-economic relations. Significant attention is given to the analysis of the stages of accounting development, starting from its primitive forms in a natural economy to the emergence of complex accounting and analysis systems in the context of expanding commodity-money relations and the establishment of capitalist relations. The development of economic theory concepts, particularly mercantilism, physiocracy, classical and neoclassical theories, which influenced the formation of approaches to accounting and analysis, is also examined. The research results indicate that the development of investment activity was closely linked with the evolution of economic relations, the growth of production scales, trade, and financial market services. Important prerequisites for the formation of investment analysis included the emergence of the institution of property, the development of commodity-money relations, and the need to account for and analyze capital to manage resources effectively. The paper also systematizes information about the formation of investment analysis, which initially had an empirical nature and, with the development of accounting and economic theory, adopted a systematic approach. This laid the foundation for modern investment analysis, which is an important tool for making managerial decisions in a market economy. Overall, the paper emphasizes the importance of a historical approach to studying the development of accounting and analysis, which allows for a better understanding of modern trends and challenges in the field of investment activity.

An Economic Insights of Agricultural Sustainability in the Himalayan Districts of Jammu and Kashmir, India

The agriculture scenario has witnessed a tremendous change after the independence of the Indian subcontinent. It had undergone number of reforms to protect both supply and demand side interests. The food security was ensured by increasing its production and the country has emerged as one of the top producers of number of commodities. The commercialization of agriculture shifted subsistence farming to a more market-oriented approach, where agricultural production is primarily aimed at generating income and participating in the market economy which involves increased scale of production, adopting modern technologies and focusing on cash crops and high – value commodities. However the unscientific use of these resources and indispensable application of inputs has led to several drawbacks like labour migration, shift to monoculture practices, decline in the water table, vulnerabilities in terms of food security during market fluctuations. Creating concerns of sustainability needs an immediate attention. Sustainability is to be assured to ensure food supply and for the balanced economic growth. Agricultural sustainability in Jammu and Kashmir is influenced by various factors. It provides production environment to a number of niche crops including apple, walnut, saffron, vegetables, major agriculture products etc., But its agriculture faces the unique environmental, social and economic challenges, despite known for their rich ecological diversity. Though essential, the urbanization results in the shift of productive land to undesirable use which may lead to ecological implications. This background necessitated a comprehensive attempt to examine the sustainability of agriculture in relationship with various economic, ecological and social indicators with an intention to come up with findings having greater policy implications for long term sustenance of agrarian economy in J&K. Shopian(0.604) ranked first among all the districts in terms of Agricultural sustainability, followed by Jammu(0.598) and Kathua(0.564) and least performing districts were found to be Srinagar(0.406), followed by Ramban(0.413) and Kupwara(0.420). The calculated Composite Sustainability Index helps us to differentiate the districts based on their index value under various categories of the sustainability level.

The Magnet Engine

This research paper explores Michel K. Walden's Magnetite Engine and its transformative potential in engineering. The Magnetite Engine represents a significant advancement in propulsion technology, promising greater efficiency and performance than conventional combustion engines. Through a literature review and case studies, the paper assesses the engine's theoretical and practical aspects, focusing on its impact on automotive and aerospace industries. While it offers benefits like reduced emissions and improved energy efficiency, challenges such as scaling production and infrastructure integration remain. Future research directions are proposed to fully realize the Magnetite Engine's potential for sustainable engineering solutions.

Unraveling the mechanisms of biochar and steel slag in alleviating lithium stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants via modulation of antioxidant defense and methylglyoxal detoxification pathways

With progress in technology, soaring demand for lithium (Li) has led to its release into the environment. This study demonstrated the mitigation of the adverse effects of Li stress on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by the application of waste materials, namely coconut shell biochar (CBC) and steel slag (SS). To explore the impact of Li treatment on tomato plants different morphological, biochemical parameters and plant defense system were analyzed. Tomato plants exposed to Li had shorter roots and shoots, lower biomass and relative water contents, and showed decreases in physiological variables, as well as increases in electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation. However, the application of CBC and SS as passivators, either singly or in combination, increased growth variables of tomato and relieved Li-induced oxidative stress responses. The combined CBC and SS amendments reduced Li accumulation 82 and 90% in tomato roots and shoots, respectively, thereby minimizing the negative impacts of Li. Antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, APX and GR reflected 4, 5, 30, and 52% and glyoxalase enzymes I and II 7 and 250% enhancement in presence of both CBC and SS in Li treated soil, with a concurrent decrease in methylglyoxal content. Lithium treatment triggered oxidative stress, increased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels, and induced the synthesis of thiols and phytochelatins in roots and shoots. Hence, co-amendment with CBC and SS protected tomato plants from Li-induced oxidative damage by increasing antioxidant defenses and glyoxalase system activity. Both CBC, generated from agricultural waste, and SS, an industrial waste, are environmentally benign, safe, economical, and non-hazardous materials that can be easily applied on a large scale for crop production in Li-polluted soils. The present findings highlight the novel reutilization of waste materials as renewable assets to overcome soil Li problems and emphasize the conversion of waste into wealth and its potential for practical applications.

Public data and corporate employment: Evidence from the launch of Chinese public data platform

We investigate whether public data influences corporate employment. Our identification scheme treats the launch of Chinese public data platforms as a quasi-natural experiment and then conducts a difference-in-differences estimation. The results show that firms have hired more employees after opening public data platforms in the provinces where their offices are located, especially for companies in the mature stage, service industry companies, and companies located in regions with more advanced digital infrastructure and more developed financial system. Mechanism tests show that public data platform openness plays a role in corporate employment through the production scale expansion effect, the business scope expansion effect, and the digital asset investment effect. In addition, examining the two dimensions of data quality and platform construction quality, we find that the quality of public data openness has a significant effect on corporate employment. Our findings provide evidence for Chinese government to promote the openness of public data.