Problem Of Compensation Research Articles

Fast phase retrieval in off-axis digital holographic microscopy through deep learning.

Traditional digital holographic imaging algorithms need multiple iterations to obtain focused reconstructed image, which is time-consuming. In terms of phase retrieval, there is also the problem of phase compensation in addition to focusing task. Here, a new method is proposed for fast digital focus, where we use U-type convolutional neural network (U-net) to recover the original phase of microscopic samples. Generated data sets are used to simulate different degrees of defocused image, and verify that the U-net can restore the original phase to a great extent and realize phase compensation at the same time. We apply this method in the construction of real-time off-axis digital holographic microscope and obtain great breakthroughs in imaging speed.

Analysis Cost Overruns, Delays and Risk Involved in Construction Management Using Primavera

Construction industry is taken into consideration as one of the maximum crucial industries in India. These phenomena may additionally have an effect on the development of construction industry in India. In addition to may additionally expose many establishments of construction to be destroyed. Delays in addition to disruptions are sources of capacity risks that studies are looking into techniques to manipulate along with technical, social, monetary, felony, economic, useful resource, creation and commercial. To evaluate the reasons of delays and conflicts are due to: layout modifications, delays in price to contractors, facts delays, investment troubles, bad challenge management, compensation problems and disagreement at the valuation of labor accomplished. On the other hand, time overrun, cost overrun, bad social effect, idling assets and disputes are the principle outcomes of delays and disruptions. The observe concludes the reasons of delays and disruptions and their outcomes placed construction projects at extremely great risk that have an impact on their performance the use of primavera.

Solving the Problem of Balancing and Complete Compensation of Reactive Power for a Three-Phase Power Supply System

The paper deals with the development and study of the method to determine the parameters of the balancing devices of three-phase power supply systems, based on the analysis of the system operation mode with the subsequent graphoanalytical determination of the parameters of balancing and full compensation of reactive power. Complex methods of analysis of linear electrical circuits are used. The proposed method allows obtaining in a graphoanalytical way a numerical solution to the problem of balancing currents in a line and compensation of reactive power in a three-phase power supply system with an asymmetric load. The calculation results show that the application of the proposed method initiates significant balancing of currents in the lines of a three-phase power supply system. The unbalance coefficient in the reverse sequence decreased from 32.9% to 1.25%. The phase difference between the voltage vectors of the phase EMF and currents does not exceed 0.7 electrical degrees.

Research on Development Mode of Green Insurance in Hubei

Green insurance conforms to the Polluter Pay Principle (PPP) in environmental law, has the function of dispersing risks and compensating losses. It can give full play to the role of market mechanism in the regulation and control of environmental governance, and is an effective economic means to solve the problem of environmental damage compensation. The implementation of green insurance in Hubei faces the problem of low enthusiasm for enterprise participation, which is not conducive to the role of the law of large numbers. The mode of "compulsory priority" and "voluntary supplement" is beneficial to solve the problem of green insurance and promote the development of green insurance.

Adaptive Actuator Compensation of Position Tracking for High-Speed Trains With Disturbances

In this paper, the adaptive fault compensation problem is investigated for high-speed trains in the presence of time-varying system parameters, disturbances, and actuator failures. To deal with the time-varying system parameters, a new time-varying indicator function instead of commonly used 0–1 function, is proposed to model the train dynamics as a piecewise model with unparameterizable time-varying disturbances, which can cover more time variations and help parametrization for adaptation. A backstepping adaptive controller is designed for the healthy system with unknown piecewise model parameters and known piecewise bounds on disturbances. For both the parameterizable and unparameterizable failures, the backstepping adaptive failure compensation with the adaptive laws are derived to achieve the position tracking under the known bound disturbances. The adaptive failure compensation for unknown bounds on disturbances is also discussed under the parameterizable failure. Through introducing the nonlinear damping in the proposed controller, the failure compensation controller is proposed for the model with unparameterizable system parameters to achieve an arbitrary degree of position tracking accuracy. The stability of the corresponding closed-loop system and asymptotic state tracking are proved via Lyapunov direct method, and validated using a high-speed train model.

Features of Compensation for Damage Caused to Natural Resources in Kazakhstan

The issues related to compensation for damage caused to natural resources as a result of economic activity are examined in the presented article. Problems of compensation for damage to natural resources are in the focus of attention of domestic and foreign researchers. At the same time, there is a need to continuously improve the legal mechanism of compensation for damage to increase its effectiveness. The purpose of this article is to study the existing approaches to compensation for damage caused to natural resources to elaborate effective solutions in this area. The article presents various approaches to compensation for damage to natural resources in Kazakhstan and abroad. A comparative legal analysis of the establishment of environmental liability for causing damage to the environment was conducted in the law and order of Kazakhstan and foreign countries. The legislative regulation in Kazakhstan of compensation for damage caused to natural resources was also assessed from the point of view of the general theory of environmental law and constitutional and legal principles. The issues of compensation of damage caused to natural resources using the tax approach were considered. Based on the extensive analysis of literature, a generalized model of compensation for damage caused to natural resources was presented, with particular attention to the fact that the responsibility for causing damage to the environment under Kazakhstan's law consisted in imposing on the party which caused the damage the obligation to eliminate the damage caused to the environment or compensate for it in another way, both in value form and in kind. The author also developed proposals on improving statutory regulation in the sphere of compensation for damage in Kazakhstan

Adaptive actuator failure compensation for uncertain nonlinear fractional order strict feedback form systems

In this paper, adaptive fractional control design is established for uncertain nonlinear fractional order strict feedback form systems with unknown actuator failures. The fractional actuator failure compensation problem is considered in the sense of two actuation shapes, and output matching conditions for these shapes are employed. By means of a fractional backstepping control method, two fractional adaptive state feedback control laws are designed to accomplish output tracking and to guarantee closed-loop stability in the presence of unknown actuator failures and unknown system parameters. A fractional order filter is proposed to avoid the problem of computational explosion of the backstepping design. The stability is proved via fractional order analysis method for the whole closed-loop system. Finally, simulation results for the control of fractional Chua’s circuit and fractional Genesio–Tesi systems demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed actuator failure compensation method and output tracking property along with fast convergence of unknown parameters estimations.

Beyond the Last Touch: Attribution in Online Advertising

Online advertisers often utilize multiple publishers to deliver ads to multihoming consumers. These ads often generate externalities and their exposure is uncertain, impacting advertising effectiveness across publishers. We analyze the inefficiencies created by externalities and uncertainty when information is symmetric between advertisers and publishers, in contrast to most previous research that assumes information asymmetry. Although these inefficiencies cannot be resolved through publisher-side actions, attribution methods that measure campaign uncertainty can serve as alternative solutions to help advertisers adjust their strategies. Attribution creates a virtual competition between publishers, resulting in a team compensation problem. The equilibrium may potentially increase the aggressiveness of advertiser bidding, leading to increased advertiser profits. The popular last-touch method is shown to overincentivize ad exposures, often resulting in lower advertiser profits. The Shapley value achieves an increase in profits compared with the last-touch method. Popular publishers and those that appear early in the conversion funnel benefit the most from advertisers using last-touch attribution. The increase in advertiser profits comes at the expense of total publisher profits and often results in decreased ad allocation efficiency. We also find that the prices paid in the market will decrease when more sophisticated attribution methods are adopted. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2018.1104 .

COMPETENCY BASED PAY SYSTEM DESIGN AT KURSUS INDONESIA

<p><span class="fontstyle0">In today globalization era, competition among business is getting tighter, and it is not only about attracting customers but also attracting and retaining human capital. Kursus Indonesia have a difficulty in attract and retain their employee, and founded that their current compensation not yet satisfying their employees. This study aims to find the root cause of Kursus Indonesia’s compensation problem, design a strategic compensation system and compare the new compensation proposed salary with benchmark salary. This study used qualitative research method and the data used are primary data (interview and observation) and secondary data (literature study). To process the data gained, this study used descriptive analysis with business situation analysis and current reality tree root cause analysis, job analysis and point method job evaluation. This study found that (1) The root cause of Kursus Indonesia’s compensation problem is no alignment between the current compensation strategy with company’s business strategy; (2) Design a Competency Based Pay system is a suitable approach to solve Kursus Indonesia’s compensation problem; (3) This solution propose some improvent in Kursus Indonesia’s employee salary by using Lead Pay Policy that pay above benchmark salary.</span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><br /></span><span class="fontstyle2">Keywords</span><span class="fontstyle0">: Attract and Retain, Compensation, Competency Based Pay,<br />Competition, Salary</span></p>

Estimation and Adjustment of Polarization Errors in Conical Scan Method

The article proposes a solution of a problem of polarization error compensation for radar object direction finding by means of conical scan method. The solution is considered at signal processing level that makes possible to avoid polarization limitations in antennas engineering. The purpose of the article is to substantiate a model for polarization-induced errors by conical scan direction finding method and to develop an algorithmic technique for the considered method correction with regard to arbitrary polarization conditions of radar interaction. The results are presented by analytical model along with quantitative estimates of polarization-induced errors of direction finding and the computational procedure of the error compensation as well as by analysis of imperfectness factors for the proposed procedure exposing its practical applicability.

Distributed Adaptive Synchronization Control with Friction Compensation of Networked Lagrange Systems

In this paper, the problem of dynamic friction compensation of networked Lagrange system is considered to design the synchronization controller with better performance. LuGre friction model is introduced to obtain accurate description of friction. The tracking control algorithms for certain and uncertain parameters are provided. Control algorithm for certain parameters has lower computation load, while control algorithm for uncertain parameters has the capability of adapting changes by learning from the tracking error. Both control algorithms achieve synchronization rapidly. Simulations are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed tracking algorithm.

An extended TODIM-PROMETHEE method for waste-to-energy plant site selection based on sustainability perspective

The waste-to-energy (WtE) project has attracted much attention from the society mainly because of the characteristic of environmental friendliness. And plant site selection occupies a prominent position during the whole life cycle of waste-to-energy project. In consideration of the ambiguity of subjective judgments of decision makers (DMs) and the compensation problem existing in decision process, we build a framework for WtE plant site selection decision utilizing a novel method with triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TIFNs). First of all, the criteria for optimal WtE plant siting are determined based on extended sustainability theory including four perspectives of economic, environment, society, and technology to meet the demand of current social development. Then, the TIFNs and the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy weighted geometric (TIFWG) operator are applied to describing the indefinite information and completing the conversion, so that the uncertainty and hesitation of decision information can be well expressed. Furthermore, the extended TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese of interactive and multiple attribute decision making) method in conjunction with PROMETHEE-II (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) method is utilized to rank the alternatives, which makes this framework more practical and applicable. Finally, a case from China certifies the validity of the proposed framework.

Study of Decision Framework of Shopping Mall Photovoltaic Plan Selection Based on DEMATEL and ELECTRE III with Symmetry under Neutrosophic Set Environment

Rooftop distributed photovoltaic projects have been quickly proposed in China because of policy promotion. Before, the rooftops of the shopping mall had not been occupied, and it was urged to have a decision-making framework to select suitable shopping mall photovoltaic plans. However, a traditional multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method failed to solve this issue at the same time, due to the following three defects: the interactions problems between the criteria, the loss of evaluation information in the conversion process, and the compensation problems between diverse criteria. In this paper, an integrated MCDM framework was proposed to address these problems. First of all, the compositive evaluation index was constructed, and the application of decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method helped analyze the internal influence and connection behind each criterion. Then, the interval-valued neutrosophic set was utilized to express the imperfect knowledge of experts group and avoid the information loss. Next, an extended elimination et choice translation reality (ELECTRE) III method was applied, and it succeed in avoiding the compensation problem and obtaining the scientific result. The integrated method used maintained symmetry in the solar photovoltaic (PV) investment. Last but not least, a comparative analysis using Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method and VIKOR method was carried out, and alternative plan X1 ranks first at the same. The outcome certified the correctness and rationality of the results obtained in this study.

Practical Radiometric Compensation for Projection Display on Textured Surfaces using a Multidimensional Model

AbstractRadiometric compensation methods remove the effect of the underlying spatially varying surface reflectance of the texture when projecting on textured surfaces. All prior work sample the surface reflectance dependent radiometric transfer function from the projector to the camera at every pixel that requires the camera to observe tens or hundreds of images projected by the projector. In this paper, we cast the radiometric compensation problem as a sampling and reconstruction of multi‐dimensional radiometric transfer function that models the color transfer function from the projector to an observing camera and the surface reflectance in a unified manner. Such a multi‐dimensional representation makes no assumption about linearity of the projector to camera color transfer function and can therefore handle projectors with non‐linear color transfer functions(e.g. DLP, LCOS, LED‐based or laser‐based). We show that with a well‐curated sampling of this multi‐dimensional function, achieved by exploiting the following key properties, is adequate for its accurate representation: (a) the spectral reflectance of most real‐world materials are smooth and can be well‐represented using a lower‐dimension function; (b) the reflectance properties of the underlying texture have strong redundancies – for example, multiple pixels or even regions can have similar surface reflectance; (c) the color transfer function from the projector to camera have strong input coherence. The proposed sampling allows us to reduce the number of projected images that needs to be observed by a camera by up to two orders of magnitude, the minimum being only two. We then present a new multi‐dimensional scattered data interpolation technique to reconstruct the radiometric transfer function at a high spatial density (i.e. at every pixel) to compute the compensation image. We show that the accuracy of our interpolation technique is higher than any existing methods.

Adaptive Compensation for Infinite Number of Time-Varying Actuator Failures in Fuzzy Tracking Control of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems

The problem of direct adaptive compensation for infinite number of time-varying actuator failures/faults is of both theoretical and practical importance in the fuzzy tracking control of uncertain nonlinear systems. However, due to the technical difficulties, so far, very limited result is available in addressing such an issue, which thus motivates us to propose a new fuzzy control methodology in this paper. The proposed scheme is established from the techniques of projection adaptation design, a new piecewise Lyapunov function analysis, and an optimized fuzzy adaptation. It is shown that all the closed-loop signals are bounded and the steady-state tracking error converges to a residual around zero, irrespective of a possibility that there are infinite number of time-varying actuator failures. Simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed scheme.

Speaker recognition from whispered speech: A tutorial survey and an application of time-varying linear prediction

From the available biometric technologies, automatic speaker recognition is one of the most convenient and accessible ones due to abundance of mobile devices equipped with a microphone, allowing users to be authenticated across multiple environments and devices. Speaker recognition also finds use in forensics and surveillance. Due to the acoustic mismatch induced by varied environments and devices of the same speaker, leading to increased number of identification errors, much of the research focuses on compensating for such technology-induced variations, especially using machine learning at the statistical back-end. Another much less studied but at least as detrimental source of acoustic variation, however, arises from mismatched speaking styles induced by the speaker, leading to a substantial performance drop in recognition accuracy. This is a major problem especially in forensics where perpetrators may purposefully disguise their identity by varying their speaking style. We focus on one of the most commonly used ways of disguising one’s speaker identity, namely, whispering. We approach the problem of normal-whisper acoustic mismatch compensation from the viewpoint of robust feature extraction. Since whispered speech is intelligible, yet a low-intensity signal and therefore prone to extrinsic distortions, we take advantage of robust, long-term speech analysis methods that utilize slow articulatory movements in speech production. In specific, we address the problem using a novel method, frequency-domain linear prediction with time-varying linear prediction (FDLP-TVLP), which is an extension of the 2-dimensional autoregressive (2DAR) model that allows vocal tract filter parameters to be time-varying, rather than piecewise constant as in classic short-term speech analysis. Our speaker recognition experiments on the whisper subset of the CHAINS corpus indicate that when tested in normal-whisper mismatched conditions, the proposed FDLP-TVLP features improve speaker recognition performance by 7–10% over standard MFCC features in relative terms. We further observe that the proposed FDLP-TVLP features perform better than the FDLP and 2DAR methods for whispered speech.

An Error Compensation Method for Rectangular Window Based on NURBS Reconstruction Theory

Aiming at the error compensation problem for rectangular window, this paper presents a method of compensation for rectangular window based on NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) reconstruction. In the method, the machining surface is digitally obtained by means of on-machine measurement. The measured data are divided into four regions and different error compensation schemes are used for different regions. The adaptive compensation of the machining error calculated based on NURBS reconstruction theory is achieved by modifying the coordinates of the tool point in the cutter location file. The automation of error calculation and compensation is implemented by software development based on Visual Studio 2012. At the end of the paper, a compensating tool path is emulated in VERICUT. The results show our method is feasible.

Use of discrete choice experiments to facilitate design of effective environmentally friendly agricultural policies

Appropriate environmentally friendly agricultural technologies and practices must be implemented in China (and many other countries) to reduce farmland non-point source pollution and meet sustainability objectives. A major hindrance to their implementation is that Chinese farmers have very low willingness to accept such practices. Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) have known value for identifying goods or policies with attractive attributes, and thus exploring target groups’ choice behavior and addressing such problems. Sound questionnaire design is of paramount importance for robust results. This article describes the nature and theoretical foundations of DCEs and considers their use in diverse applications abroad, and their limited but growing applications in China. It then presents a case study, focused on the detailed design of DCEs intended to gauge paddy farmers’ willingness to accept several agriculturally friendly techniques and related compensation methods, problems encountered, and predictions for future studies.

Power Quality Compensation in Distribution System based on Instantaneous Power Theory and Recursive Fuzzy Proportional-Integral Controller

In this paper, the power quality compensation problems such as current harmonics and system load's reactive power are considered. In this context, we use static distribution synchronous compensator to inject compensation current into the system, which its reference current signals have been derived from the instantaneous power theory. To improve the current control operation and fast tracking of reference signals, a PI recursive controller has been used which is able to reduce to zero tracking error compared to its conventional type. The performance of the controller is delayed for a period; to overcome this problem, the phase rules have been used to adjust the controller parameters to increase the control performance speed. Finally, in simulation we used Matlab / Simulink software, which has been proven to be better than conventional PI controller-based compensation for power quality.

Data-Driven Motion Compensation Techniques for Noncooperative ISAR Imaging

We consider the data-driven motion compensation problem in inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. We present optimization-based ISAR techniques and propose improvements to the range alignment, time-window selection, autofocus, time-frequency-based image reconstruction, and cross-range scaling procedures. In experiments, the improvements reduced the computational burden and increased the image contrast by 50% at best and 28% on average in several test cases, including changing translational and rotational motion.