Problem-based Learning Process Research Articles

The effectivity of problem-based learning to improve the HOTS: A meta-analysis

This study aims to determine the effect of problem-based learning on higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) through meta-analysis. Data is collected by research documentation generated from various sources collected through the Internet. These articles were published from 2019 to 2022. The themes discussed the effect of PBL to HOTS on students' skill abilities, analysed quantitatively, described data in sample sizes, standard deviations, and averages, and published in journals and indexed on Google Scholar. The analysis design used a contrast group with a random effects model that corrected for effect sizes. The analysis used JASP software to calculate mean aggregate differences, plot forest plots, and publication bias. The study results show a significant difference between groups using control and experimental in the learning process (SE = 1.00); students who use PBL in learning have better learning outcomes than those who do use conventional. Based on the analysis results, the urgency of implementing PBL is evident in supporting the problem-based learning process with HOTS skills.

Using RFM approach with PBL to course design

Based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) concept, this study creates an advertising script by conducting RFM (recency, frequency, monetary) approach from the data analysis in customer relationship management (CRM) course. In PBL process, the students themselves should use RFM method to make segment from the customer database of service industries and find out the characteristics of target segment based on the demographic variables and according to these traits to form their advertising scripts. Through finding the highest value of segment as the target customer, they should focus on the characteristic of their choice target and create an advertising script to attract this segment by their traits. These processes of steps can provide the course design of CRM or advertising project to make creation from customer targeting.

THE USE OF MIND MAPPING ASSISTED PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SUBSTANCE PRESSURE MATERIALS

This research aims to find out whether there was variation in students' procedural knowledge, the effectiveness of learning using a problem-based learning model assisted by mind mapping in improving the quality of students' learning, and their response to the model used. The implementation is at SMP Negeri 17 Medan. The population was all collages students of class VIII. The process of grouping samples was performed by way of random sampling method. The instructions decided on as studies subjects were class VIII-5 and VIII-6 with 32 college students. The type of research used was Quasi Experiment with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The method used in the statistics series procedure was the more than one preference take a look at device with a total of 20 questions. Through the results of the study, the average of pre-test score for the experimental class was 36.87 and 36.25 for control class and the average of post-test experimental class was 76.71 and control class was 60.46. This showed that there was a difference in procedural information among students who were taught the use of a trouble-based studying version and students who were taught the usage of conventional gaining knowledge of methods. The magnitude of the increase was 63% for the experimental class and 37% for the control class. Both are in the medium category and it was concluded that the problem-based learning model was effectively applied in the science learning process. Student responses to the model were on positive criteria where their response to the problem-based learning process was quite high with an average size of 85.39%.

Effects of Problem-Based Learning on the Problem-Solving Ability and Self-Efficacy of Students Majoring in Dental Hygiene.

This study developed a problem-based learning (PBL) module to improve integrated thinking and problem-solving ability in students of dental hygiene. After applying PBL, the study tested the improvement in the problem-solving ability and self-efficacy of students. The subjects were 31 fourth-year students of the Department of Dental Hygiene at G University. The PBL process was applied to three topics for 15 weeks, and the tools for evaluating problem-solving ability and self-efficacy were reconstructed and used before and after the application to examine the effects of the module. The result indicates that the mean of problem-solving ability (32 detailed items) increased from 3.37 to 3.65 (an increase of 0.28) after classes (p < 0.001). Alternatively, the average for self-efficacy (22 detailed questions) increased from 0.21 to 2.89 (p < 0.05; an increase of 2.67). The study also confirmed the correlation between problem-solving ability and the total posttest score for self-efficacy (p < 0.001). Thus, the problem-solving ability and self-efficacy of learners were improved in the class to which PBL was applied. These improvements exerted a significant effect on the improvement of problem-solving ability. This finding confirmed the effect of the PBL method on dental hygiene education.

DEVELOPING PBL SCENARIO FOR ONLINE TUTORIALS

Background: Scenario is one of the three main components of Problem-based Learning (PBL) besides students and tutors. Besides being an essential component in triggering interest in learning, scenarios also affect group dynamics and academic achievement. During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the learning process was conducted online, including PBL tutorial discussions. Distraction during online PBL learning is a challenge that must be faced so that the discussion process can achieve the learning objectives. This condition requires the commitment of tutors and students and engaging scenarios that will also help students and tutors stay focused on the discussion. This article is a recommendation based on the IAMHPE Webinar #5 on the scenario development process to support the online PBL process. This article may provide a guide in developing PBL scenarios.Recommendation: The development of PBL scenarios in pandemic conditions still needs to consider various aspects of preparing a good and immersive scenario. The steps needed are ensuring the scenario development team, determining learning objectives and tutorial issues, designing innovative scenarios, conducting reviews and improving the quality of scenarios regularly, and preparing informative tutor guides.Conclusion: Scenarios for online PBL tutorials must support the application of the four PBL principles, namely constructive, contextual, self-directed learning, and collaborative learning. Each institution needs to create scenarios that are appropriate to its learning context.

An exploration of speech and language pathology student and facilitator perspectives on problem-based learning online

ABSTRACT This mixed-methods study explored the perspectives of second and third-year Speech Language Pathology (SLP) students and facilitators on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) online. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, PBL was delivered online for the academic year 2020–2021 via a virtual learning environment. Forty-seven students and five facilitators completed an online survey designed to evaluate the quality of individual and collaborative learning in the PBL online context. All participants had experience of pre-COVID-19 face-to-face PBL. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse qualitative and quantitative data, respectively. Demonstrated a preference from both students and facilitators to maintain PBL in a face-to-face format. Aspects of functionality offered by the virtual platform assisted in the PBL process, however technical and environmental barriers impeded virtual delivery. Responses suggest that the development of rapport and interactivity levels online are not equivalent to face-to-face PBL, and these factors were perceived by participants to negatively influence the learning process. Perspectives on the role of the facilitator online convey divergent views between second and third years which reflected a change in facilitator style to support more independent learning in line with students’ progression through the course. Our findings demonstrate that students and facilitators are open to future implementation of a blended model of PBL. Participants reported benefits such as reduction in indirect education costs and acquisition of a digital skillset. However, our study indicates a preference for enhanced social presence afforded by face-to-face PBL.

Medical Students’ Perception towards Recently Introduced Problem-Based Learning in Surgery Module: A Case of University of Ha’il

Background: In literature, problem-based learning is repeatedly conveyed in relation to medical basic sciences. It has been introduced in the syllabus of the surgery module very recently. Aim: To assess students' perceptions towards PBL in the clinical years course of their medical study, in a surgery module. Methods: A cohort study involves the 6th year students (academic year, 2019-2020) in their surgical course at the end of the newly introduced PBL sessions using a self-administered validated questionnaire. Their responses to close questions had been recorded using a Likert scale. The collected data and their open feedback were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: A-80 participants were responded to the questionnaire (male = 46 [57.5%], female = 34 [42.5%]). Their perception of PBL in the surgery module was more positive than negative. Results recognized that student’s perceptions were positive towards the pinpoints of the PBL, precisely in the issues concerned with working in groups, critical thinking and self-learning skills. More than 63% of the participants supposed that the PBL must be preserved as part of the surgery module. However, the number of students who had a negative perception towards PBL process overall was not negligible. Conclusion: PBL is palatable by students, so, it is encouraging to continue adapting this method of learning in the surgery module. Keywords: Conventional teaching methods (CTM); Problem based learning (PBL); Student’s perception; Surgery module.

Students Mathematical Representation Ability in Solving Numeracy Problem through Problem Based Learning

This research is a descriptive study that aims to explain students' mathematical representation abilities in solving AKM numeracy questions after problem based learning is implemented, to explain the implementation of the problem based learning learning process and to explain students' responses to the problem based learning process. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 45 Palembang. The subjects of this study were class VIII students in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. Data collection techniques used are tests, interviews, observations and questionnaires. Then the data were analyzed to get conclusions about the students' mathematical representation ability in solving the AKM numeracy questions after problem based learning was implemented, the implementation of the learning process and students' responses to the learning process with problem based learning. From the results obtained, it can be said that the mathematical representation ability of class VIII.2 students in solving AKM numeracy questions through problem based learning is good with all indicators of mathematical representation abilities appearing such as indicators of verbal representation, symbolic representation and visual representation.&#x0D; Keywords: Mathematical Representation Ability, Numeracy, Problem based learning.

From Classroom to Industry: Teaching and Learning Anthropology through a Real-Life Case Study in Slovenia

This article examines an innovative approach to teaching and learning anthropology, developed within an EU Erasmus+ project PEOPLE. Learning Cycles address the mismatch between skills gained by students and the ones expected by employers in industry. It elaborates on the example of university-industry cooperation established in Slovenia, in which students of anthropology and other related disciplines worked on a real-life case study, gaining industry-relevant skills as well as ability to communicate across disciplines. The authors examine and evaluate the problem-based teaching and learning processes, in which the students, supervised by academic and industry mentors, experimented with their existing anthropological knowledge, skills and methods. By taking the learning process outside of the classroom into a research field site and industry environment of an automation and manufacturing IT company, the students gained experiences in positioning themselves as anthropologists within a research &amp; development team, communicating their research processes and findings, and understanding the relevance and potential of their knowledge and skills in a non-academic, practical settings.

Science learning through problems in gifted and talented education: reflection and conceptual learning

ABSTRACT This explanatory case study aims to investigate conceptual changes on the part of gifted and talented students and describe their reflective thinking with regard to problem-solving as part of the problem-based learning (PBL) process. Twenty-two gifted and talented fourth grade primary school students participated in the study. The students were taught with problem-based science modules for eight weeks. The data collection tools used were “structured reflective diaries with regard to problem-solving” and a “semi-structured interview form with regard to conceptual learning”. Data analysis revealed that the PBL enriches the conceptual science learning of gifted and talented students. The reflective thinking of such students with regard to problem-solving was mostly involved questioning and evaluation. In their diaries, the students’ reflections included explanations of, and questions about, the issues and concepts in the problem-solving process, evaluations of the comparison of solutions among their peers, and new problems in the subject area. However, students only explained the operations they performed in solving the problem superficially. Therefore, students’ reflections, which included their awareness of the activities they had performed as part of PBL, were limited.

Meeting athleisure end-user needs through problem-based learning

ABSTRACT Today, athleisure is one of the key trends in the fashion industry combining both casual style with health enthusiastic appeal creating a billion-dollar industry. Athleisure is the combining of activewear into women’s daily lives and their participation in physical activities. The problem-based learning (PBL) projects focused on athleisure apparel for various types of target market segmentations: 1) student selected customer target segmentation, 2) individual end-user, or 3) end-users of a specific company. Target market groups provided three unique PBL projects designed to improve students understanding of female athleisure consumer needs. Professional experts guided the students in the functional, expressive, and aesthetic considerations of athleisure apparel as defined in the FEA Consumer Needs Model (Lamb & Kallal 1992). A conceptual framework for apparel design. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 10(2), 42–47) for each of the PBL projects. The unstructured PBL process allowed the students to develop questions and solutions under real-world situational paradigm.

Changes in Teaching and Learning Practice in an Undergraduate Logistics and Transportation Course Using Problem-Based Learning

This research paper presents the outcomes of a change in the teaching and learning practices from a traditional lecture-based method to a Problem Based Learning (PBL) curriculum in the undergraduate Logistics & Transportation (L&T) course at the Federal University of Itajuba (UNIFEI), Brazil. Detailed PBL practices adoption and the perception by the students of the PBL process are explored in survey research using a mixed-methods approach. The data was collected in two subsequent semesters of the L&T course, with different PBL scenarios and students, gathering quantitative and qualitative data. It was demonstrated that aligned with the theory on PBL, the majority of the students, over 91%, appreciated the benefits of the PBL-based practices in all course dimensions, with a strong perception of L&T teaching and learning improvements. Researchers and faculty involved in university teaching and learning can use PBL detailed practices, including problem scenarios and theoretical framework to design their own PBL classes to improve student learning and can also use the questionnaire structure and statistical tests for adoption in future implementations. The study is one of the few to provide a change in teaching and learning practices, associated with a valid and reliable two-stage survey covering the course concepts and learning objectives modelled by Factor Analysis, and, going beyond to provide PBL process impact and adaptations due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Changes in teaching and learning practice in an undergraduate logistics and transportation course using problem-based learning

This research paper presents the outcomes of a change in the teaching and learning practices from a traditional lecture-based method to a Problem Based Learning (PBL) curriculum in the undergraduate Logistics &amp; Transportation (L&amp;T) course at the Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Brazil. Detailed PBL practices adoption and the perception by the students of the PBL process are explored in survey research using a mixed-methods approach. The data was collected in two subsequent semesters of the L&amp;T course, with different PBL scenarios and students, gathering quantitative and qualitative data. It was demonstrated that aligned with the theory on PBL, the majority of the students, over 91%, appreciated the benefits of the PBL-based practices in all course dimensions, with a strong perception of L&amp;T teaching and learning improvements. Researchers and faculty involved in university teaching and learning can use PBL detailed practices, including problem scenarios and theoretical framework to design their own PBL classes to improve student learning and can also use the questionnaire structure and statistical tests for adoption in future implementations. The study is one of the few to provide a change in teaching and learning practices, associated with a valid and reliable two-stage survey covering the course concepts and learning objectives modelled by Factor Analysis, and, going beyond to provide PBL process impact and adaptations due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Problem-Based Learning Curriculum and Process Assessment System for the Undergraduate Competency-Based Medical Education

This article aims to provide an overview of problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum for integrating basic sciences subjects and clinical sciences with early clinical exposure. This approach provides the opportunity to teach the basic science subjects in context to medical students. PBL promotes self-directed learning skills among the medical students and facilitation skills among the faculty. PBL can also be used to observe, assess, and foster the noncognitive competencies among the medical students for which process assessment system must be established. The use of process assessment to observe, assess, and improve the preparation, participation, self-directed learning, critical thinking, leadership, communication, group skills and reflective competencies among medical students in Nepal for the last 10 years reveals that it can be implemented with the proper planning and training of faculty for this new system. PBL and process assessment system can serve to complement the competency-based medical education in the basic sciences phase of the undergraduate medical education curriculum.

The Problem-Based Learning Process with A Cloud Learning Environment to Enhance Analysis Thinking

This study, is aimed at 1) synthesizing the conceptual framework of the problem-based learning process with a cloud learning environment (PBL-CLE process), 2) developing the PBL-CLE process, and 3) studying the result of the development of the PBL-CLE process. The research instruments include 1) the conceptual framework, 2) the PBL-CLE process to enhance analysis thinking, 3) learning achievement, and 4) analysis thinking assessment form. The statistics used in this research are 1) mean, 2) standard deviation, and 3) t-test. The findings reveal that 1) the PBL-CLE process consists of four components: (1) Input includes learning objectives, content, learners, teacher and cloud learning, (2) PBL-CLE process includes problem posing, problem analysis, problem understanding, research procedure, knowledge synthesis, conclusion and evaluation, presentation, and assignment assessment, (3) Output includes analysis thinking, learning achievement, and satisfaction, and (4) Feedback includes analysis thinking and learning achievement; 2) The result of suitability assessment of the PBL-CLE process to enhance analysis thinking is at the highest level; 3) The students’ learning achievement after the implementation of the PBL-CLE process to enhance analysis thinking is significantly higher than that before the implementation at a .01 level of statistical significance; and 4) The result of analysis thinking assessment after the learning process through the PBL-CLE process to enhance analysis thinking is at the very good level.

Exploring social networking sites and problem-based learning in healthcare education in Taiwan: a difference analysis

PurposeThis study aimed to examine whether the use of wiki-systems in healthcare internship courses that adopt a problem-based learning approach may have significant influences on the relationships among students' relationship commitment, knowledge-sharing behavior and perceived problem-based learning performance in the context of higher education.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a quasi-experimental approach. Cross-sectional survey data collected from 187 undergraduate students in Taiwan were used for the data analysis procedures. The students in the experimental group used wiki-systems and a set of information and communication technologies as learning tools, while the students in the control group used the same set of information and communication technologies only. The statistical techniques of independent t-tests and component-based structural equation modeling were adopted to examine the research hypotheses.FindingsThe results reveal significant differences between the experimental and control groups concerning relationship commitment, knowledge-sharing behavior, independent study and active participation. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding group interaction and reasoning skills. Additionally, all the hypotheses regarding the relationships among constructs were supported.Originality/valueWiki-systems have unique features that can enhance the effectiveness of problem-based learning activities. This study is among the first to investigate how wiki-systems may affect the effectiveness of problem-based learning processes by investigating the relationships among healthcare students' relationship commitment, knowledge-sharing behavior and perceived problem-based learning performance. The results of this study can advance the current understanding of the effectiveness of wiki-based problem-based learning in the context of healthcare education.

Imagineering Learning With Logical Problem Solving

This study aimed at developing an imagineering learning process model with logical solutions by using documentary research and relevant experts&amp;rsquo; viewpoints with regard to the process of Imagineering Learning&amp;mdash;problem-based learning (PBL) involving logical and computational thinking. The data were then synthesized in order to find the relationship of learning theory to achieve an Imagineering Learning process by solving logic problems. The analysis of related documents and research revealed that the Imagineering Learning process involving logical problem solving consisted of 6 important steps as follows: 1) the problem-solving stage, 2) the problem-solving design stage, 3) the innovation development stage, 4) the innovation presentation, 5) the innovation improvement stage, 6) the evaluation stage. The aforementioned learning process can also result in the development of students&amp;rsquo; innovative skills, and encouraging learners to develop such skills. The emphasis in terms of the Imagineering process is to create inspiration for the imagination of things that do not yet occur. The process then continues with innovation development by using the PBL process in which students learn solution thinking, focusing on logically-prioritizing problems and their causes and effects. This creates structural and systematic learning through practice, so that students can develop the ability to seek knowledge and develop problem-solving abilities.

The Problem/Project-Based Learning (PBL/PjBL) at Online Classes

The aim of this paper is to analyze the development of effective online Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Project-Based Learning (PjBL). The collaborative PBL/PjBL become one of the hot issues with the rapid growth of online learning in the era of COVID-19. Educators try to get innovative to continue instruction without sacrificing student engagement, thus adopting an instructional model of PBL/PjBL. The PBL process involves clarifying terms, defining complex problems, brainstorming, structuring and hypothesis while PjBL includes project-planning, implementation, communicating the results of a project in a presentation and evaluations with immediate individually tailored feedback within a predetermined period. Despite the differences between online and offline learning, the benefits of learning online or offline are practically the same if enough bidirectional interactions between instructors and students are possible. We argue that online qualifications are just the same as those of offline ones in PBL/PjBL models, therefore, the standards of online/offline learning are identical since education is a two-way communication.

Analysis of Student's Spatial Ability in terms of Van Hiele's Thinking Stages in Problem Based Learning

This study aims to analyze students 'spatial mathematical abilities in terms of Van Hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning models, as well as to find out the number of difficult indicators of students' mathematical spatial abilities in terms of Van Hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning models. Researchers are the main research instrument, data obtained through several previous studies or journals about research on students' spatial abilities in terms of van hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning. This study uses the analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model. Data analysis activities, namely data reduction, display data, and conclusion drawing/ verification. The subjects in this study were journal articles on the analysis of students' spatial abilities in terms of van hiele's thinking stages in problem-based learning. The object of this research is the provision of a problem-based learning process. Based on the results of the study, there are students with high spatial abilities who have exploratory thinking processes, methodical thinking, analogical thinking, abstract thinking, synthesis, serendipity, and recycling ideas, students with high spatial abilities also have high imagination, students with spatial abilities are having a process exploratory thinking, serendipity, analogical thinking, semi-abstract thinking, and recycling of ideas and having moderate imagination, as well as students with low spatial abilities in understanding problems using exploratory, analogical, semi-abstract, synthesis thinking processes and have low imagery.

Perception of Students and Faculty on Problem Based Learning in Proficiency Certificate Level Nursing Program

Patan Academy of Health Sciences intended to implement problem based learning in proficiency certificate level nursing program who have just completed grade 10. Presently in Nepal, the available literature on use of problem based learning as teaching learning methods is limited to undergraduate medicine who have passed 10+2 or equivalent. It was conducted to measure the perception of students and faculty on problem based learning in nursing program. Nursing faculty who have been involved in teaching learning of nursing curriculum were trained to conduct problem based learning and write problem based learning case. Prior to run problem based learning case, students were also oriented for the problem based learning process. A 44 students and seven faculty returned the filled data collection tool. Both the students and tutors perceived that the problem based learning is an effective teaching learning method. They also found that the attributes of problem based learning such as self-directed learning, collaborative learning, team work and fun learning. Students were eager to have more problem based learning session in their curriculum. Faculty also perceived that problem based learning can be a better teaching learning methods and it can be implemented in proficiency certificate level nursing. This study shows the acceptance of problem based learning as a teaching learning methods in proficiency certificate level nursing program by both the students and faculty.