Problems Of Socio-economic Development Research Articles

DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND MAIN PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RUSSIA: LEGAL ASPECT

The article examines the legal regulation of social entrepreneurship as an independent institution of entrepreneurial law in modern Russia. The development trends, the meaning and functions of social entrepreneurship are analyzed. Social entrepreneurship is differentiated from other related institutions. The purpose and special role of social entrepreneurship for the Russian economy at the present stage are indicated. The special importance of social entrepreneurship for solving social problems is noted. It is argued that social entrepreneurship is a new type of entrepreneurial activity in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the main objectives of the activities of social enterprises in modern Russia and those problems of socio-economic development that can potentially be solved through social entrepreneurship are named. The article highlights the features of this type of entrepreneurial activity. The problems of enterprises in obtaining social status are indicated, ways of their solution are indicated. Proposals have been put forward to introduce appropriate amendments to the current legislation in order to improve law enforcement in the field of social entrepreneurship. Conclusions The status of a social enterprise is controversial. At this stage, there are many contradictions in the legislation of the Russian Federation in the regulation of social enterprises. Including for this reason, the status of social enterprises is uncertain, this situation leads to the formation of contradictory law enforcement practices.

Governance Developments in Challenge Situations: A Case Study of the Governance in Aceh after 2005 Helsinki Memorandum of Agreement

This study explored about the Governance Developments in Challenge Situations in Aceh after 2005 Helsinki Memorandum of Agreement. The 2005 Helskinki Memorandum of Agreement brings promise into welfare and better governance for Aceh people. However, there are problems such as welfare and governance (corrupt leaders). First, the problem of socio-economic development in Aceh after the Helsinki agreement apparently occurred not at the stage of regulation and budget support, but at the leadership stage. Second, leadership problems have persisted even though elections have been held. This is an indication of elite problems in governance in Aceh. These two backgrounds form the basis for this article to discuss the main issue of Why Aceh's Governance after Helsinki Memorandum of Understanding in 2005 has not run optimally in providing for the needs of the Acehnese people. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, this article provides the relations between political elites on good public governance. Academically, this article will be able to provide a new dimension of form of relations between political elites on good public governance. Practically, this article can provide recommendations on the form of relations between political elites that affect good public governance in the success of the Aceh Government's development programs.

Особенности публичного управления в России

The purpose of the study is to study the features of the formation and functioning of the public administration system in Russia. Due to the fact that the key goal of the formation and functioning of this system is the development and implementation of socio-economic policy aimed at improving the quality of life of the population, there is a need to build a public administration system that ensures effective interaction between public authorities and civil society. The scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of a new conceptual approach to the problem of building a public administration system in Russia. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the problem of socio-economic development of Russia requires certain structural transformations of the management system. Building a public administration system should be considered as such transformations.

Innovative development mechanisms of health care as a foundation of the social policy of the state

The social policy of a modern state should be aimed at creating conditions that ensure a decent life for a person and their free development as an individual. The most important areas of social activity of the state should be labor protection and improvement of people's health, ensuring a guaranteed minimum wage, full employment, state support for large families, students, motherhood and childhood, disabled people and pensioners. The objectives of social policy are: increasing incomes and social protection of the population; optimization of social and labor relations; improving the health of citizens; protection of motherhood and childhood and state support of the family. These factors determine the relevance ofstudying and developing methods of financing healthcare. The article pays attention to the issues of social insurance, as it is an integral part of the general insurance system. However, social insurance has a number of significant features that are determined by the requirements of social protection of citizens. Together with the state budget, significant amounts of financial resources are accumulated in social insurance funds, directed to solving problems of socio-economic development, which is reflected in this article. In the practice of healthcare financing in Kazakhstan, certain negative trends have developed, leading to inefficiency in the use of allocated budget allocations, which are emphasized in the work. Based on the results of the study, the issues of creating a stable financial base for compulsory social health insurance in the Republic of Kazakhstan are systematized.

Problems of socio-economic development and ways to improve it for rural areas in Lviv region

For a long time the issue of socio-economic development of rural areas, which have their characteristics, has not lost its relevance but also is united by common unsolvable problems that restrict their development in Ukraine. The socio-economic decline of the village can not only reduce economic performance in agriculture but will also have a negative impact on depopulation, environmental deterioration, reduce the efficiency of natural resources, as well as the destruction of the cultural environment. The article presents the results of a study of the socio-economic situation in rural areas, analysis of economic and environmental indicators of the use of agricultural resources in the production of crop and livestock products in villages by different categories of producers. The publication provides information on the profitability of production in agricultural formations from 2010 to 2020. It has been established that the reason for the lack of growth in production in households is the irrational and economically unjustified use of resources and the lack of modern technologies. The publication also reveals the trends in the production output of livestock and crop production by different categories of producers. The indicators of production profitability were analyzed by agricultural enterprises during 2010-2020. The ways and means of improving the situation of using the natural resources by private agricultural enterprises, increasing economic indicators in the rural sector, and increasing production in agricultural enterprises are given. The results of the previous research show the possibilities and prospects for the implementation of the economic potential of rural areas based on the efficient and economically structured governance on the given territories. In addition, in modern realities, there may be an inflow to the mainstream of the investment climate due to the process of decentralization of the local government, receiving investment in the community, and, the increasing of the economy as a result. The research has shown that the development of social and economic infrastructure depends on investment activity.

Industrial special economic zone and single-industry town: Industry-branch orientation

Subject. This article discusses the problems of socio-economic development of monocities. Objectives. The article aims to consider the industry specialization of special economic zones (SEZ) and determine the extent of their mutual influence. Methods. For the study, we used a statistical analysis. Results. Based on the analysis of performance indicators of industrial special economic zones, the article breaks down economic zones and monocities by federal districts and describes their sectoral trends. The article emphasizes that when creating economic zones, the category the nearby monocities belong to was not taken into account, and there is no interaction between the zone and the monocity. Conclusions. On the basis of the studied, it can be assumed that when creating industrial special economic zones, the objective to improve the socio-economic situation of nearby monocities was not set at all.

Socio-economic development of municipalities within urban agglomerations

The author studies the problems of socio-economic development of municipalities included in the conditional boundaries of urban agglomerations. When developing the foundations of the state policy of the Russian Federation for the development of local self-government, these issues come to the fore. Their solution is the key to the successful achievement of the goals of national projects and strategic objectives of the spatial development of Russia. The article considers models of management of urban agglomerations, generalizes regional experience on the use of mechanisms of socio-economic development of municipalities within agglomerations, identifies tools that contribute to the integrated development of agglomerations and obstacles that prevent it, substantiates the need to improve federal regulation of the formation and development of agglomerations, preferably in the form of a federal law.

ANALYSIS OF CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

The purpose of the article is to study the aspects of cross-border cooperation, analyzing the existing situation, barriers and difficulties in cross-border cooperation in the context of sustainable development. To carry out the research, the following methods were used: general scientific methods, in particular: generalization methods – for researching the essence and features of cross-border cooperation; systematization method – to determine the types of formation and implementation of interregional cooperation; Today, despite the development priorities and the main measures highlighted, there are a number of discouraging elements in practice. These are hidden in cross-border imbalances (social, technological and economic potential; information resources; human and social capital; institutional rules, laws and procedures), which do not allow for a long time further socio-economic development problems. The study of the development of European programs for regional development and cross-border economic cooperation allows to determine the important role of the institutional component of sustainable development, which has an effective impact on the environment of cross-border imbalances. The results of the study aim to develop the practice of cross-border cooperation in the context of cross-border imbalances in the context of sustainable development.

Revisiting Russian Presidency in the Arctic Council

The article notes that in the period of preparation for the chairmanship of the Arctic Council (2021–2023), in order to further develop the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, new strategic documents, a package of benefits and preferences for business development were prepared and approved, measures were taken for the sustainable development of indigenous peoples, and to increase the role of science in Arctic research. The author draws attention to some unsolved problems of socio-economic development of the Arctic region (outflow of the population, especially young people; shortcomings of the organization of the shift method of work and centralized coordination and control of state orders and supplies to the population of hard-to-reach Arctic regions; violation of environmental requirements). It is emphasized that Russia assumes the post of chairman of the Arctic Council at a difficult time: the coronavirus pandemic, political tensions in relations with the West, including on issues of management and security of the Arctic, economic sanctions from the Arctic states, which creates certain difficulties in the activities in the Arctic direction. The author concludes that the developed program, the plan of main events, the activity of ministries and departments in the next 2 years will allow us to successfully cope with the chairmanship, show our foreign colleagues all the best that is available in the Russian Far North, and contribute to the strengthening of the Arctic Council.

Concepts and essential features of environmental land use

Among the most important problems of socio-economic development of society, special importance belongs to the effective use of land and resources, on which depends the economic, social, environmental security of the state and living standards. Negative trends observed in the process of land use require new organizational and legal approaches to regulating land use and creating economic incentives for rational use and protection of land in Ukraine. In this article the concept and functioning of "land use" as a natural, legal and economic category is considered. The essence and formation of an integrated system of environmental land use, which includes: part of a single land fund (land, land and rights to them), provided by the state or acquired or leased by a separate owner or user, the boundaries of which are determined on the ground; land object of law, object of economic, ecological, town-planning, agricultural and other land relations, for which the land user is issued a document certifying the right to land with certain boundaries, area, composition of lands, property objects and, if necessary, with geodetic coordinates of boundary signs defined in nature and the process of human (society) use of the integrated potential of the natural territory are revealed. The concept and essence of "land-territorial resource" are studied.

CIVIL SOCIETY INSTITUTIONS AND THE STATE INTERFACE AS A BASIS TO TACKLE THE LONG-RUN CHALLENGES OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The article discusses the problem of interaction between civil society institutions and the state in the implementation of long-term tasks of economic development of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The progressive development of the economy of the region, as well as of the country as a whole, is impossible without the joint participation of the state, business, civil society institutions and ordinary citizens. The complexity of the tasks to be solved, the limited resources, the variety of interests of economic entities require their combined efforts to achieve the goals of economic growth. It is on how the mechanisms of interaction of these entities are built that largely determine the effectiveness and efficiency of their activities, and, as a result, an increase in the standard of living of the population, the rise of the regional economy and the country’s economy. The purpose of the study is to identify, using the means of political science analysis, the role of civil society institutions in the implementation of the strategy of economic development of the region on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Achieved results: Generally increasing tendencies of the influence of civil society institutions on the solution of long-term problems of socio-economic development of the region are revealed; the forms of interaction of state and municipal structures of the Republic with the institutions of civil society for the purpose of socio-economic development of the region have been determined; the main forms and methods of influence of civil society institutions on the solution of long-term problems of socio-economic development of the region are analyzed; shows the role of the media in the socio-economic development of the region.

Structural policy priorities: A regional dimension

Subject. This article develops an algorithm to identify priorities in the structural policy of regions and countries. Objectives. The article aims to develop and test a methodological approach to identifying the priorities of the structural policy of the Russian region. Methods. For the study, we used the k-means and geographical filtration methods. Results. The article proposes an approach to identifying the priorities of regional structural policy based on the benchmark methodology. Testing the approach in the Chelyabinsk Oblast helped define the priority areas of structural policy, which are the business environment, healthcare, innovation and technological readiness. The article offers certain recommendations to improve the situation in these areas. Conclusions. Identifying and ranking the problems of socio-economic development is important for the regional policy goal-setting, regional development strategy adjustments, and the design of a structural reform package.

Education as a driver of economic growth of territories in the conditions of digital transformation

The development and spread of digital technologies lead to serious qualitative changes not only in the field of industrial production. They have a strong impact on the social development of society, including education. The new technological (digital) revolution requires an individualized approach to meeting the economic and social needs of society. The digital revolution focuses on the quality of education based on the comprehensive development of each individual. Moreover, the tools of information and communication technologies used in the education system change depending on the conditions and settings of socio-economic development of the territory. Digital technologies have penetrated all spheres of society’s life, which requires a new quality of education from every employee. In the modern world, a computer can replace about 62% of employees, and only 13% of people have a high level of intellectual literacy that surpasses computer systems [1]. The existing education system needs serious changes, since the system of modern training of workers is inferior to the level of training of workers who worked in the 90s. Moreover, the changes that are being made should also be individualized depending on the socio-economic requirements of the territory. The article identifies the main problems of socio-economic development of the Chuvash Republic. A number of projects are proposed that contribute to the development of the region’s territory in the context of digital transformation.

БРЕНДИНГ МАЛЫХ ГОРОДОВ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ СТРАТЕГИИ ИХ РАЗВИТИЯ

The article substantiates the need to develop a strategy for the development of small towns, an important element of which is the creation of a brand. The prerequisites for branding small towns are identified, including the importance of overcoming the identity crisis of territories, solving problems of socio-economic development, attracting human, financial and information resources. The main stages of creating a city brand are revealed, recommendations on brand management are given.

Integration of Ukrainian industry into the global value chains

The paper examines the forming of global chains and defines the features of their forming on the example of machine-building enterprises. Outlining the integration of the Ukrainian industry into the global value chains is the subject of the research. The paper aims to develop the provisions regarding the establishment of global value chains in modern economic conditions. Many researchers argue that globalization has contributed to a kind of global economic optimization. The outbreak of COVID-19 causes the current economic recession and a simultaneous complete reorientation of global trade logistics. The analysis of the features of offshoring on the example of the functioning of industrial enterprises in the country is the task of the research. The forming of a reliable system of suppliers monitoring that also represents the importance of selecting supply specialists is a decisive factor. Based on the system analysis the paper determines that despite the availability of obstacles to the location of foreign capital in Ukraine, there are certain perspectives for the integration of industrial enterprises into the global value chains. The results of the research show that despite the current socio-economic condition, Ukraine is attractive for foreign investment due to significant return on capital investment compared to the respective economic activity types of European countries, favorable geographic position, and availability of cheap but skilled workforce. An efficient socio-economic development is impossible without the high technology and innovative activity of the country. Yet, political instability and a set of barriers to foreign investment attraction remain to be the key problem for socio-economic development.

«Velikih gosudarej belo­ ozerskij rybnyj dvor» v sisteme dvorcovogo hozyajstva Rossii XVII v.

The article is devoted to the problem of socio-economic development of the Royal estates in Russia in the XVII century. The article aims to identify the role of the "Great rulers of beloozerskiy fish yard" in the Palace economy. The source based was unpublished and published office documents, memoirs. Special attention is paid to Beloozero as one of the centers of Palace fisheries.

Fundamentals of Economic Genetics in Models of Evolution and Revitalization of Old Industrial Regions

The review article is devoted to a search for unconventional solutions to established problems of old industrial regions. The economy of historically industrial territories is under the influence of long-term and complex factors of industrial specialization, socio-demographic processes, cultural and moral norms of the population, as well as political fronts. These factors are involved in modeling the system of "hereditary memory" of regions, which is responsible for regional predisposition to a certain type of innovative, social, industrial, political and other processes. The aim of the study is to identify genetic codes that determine the specific features of socio-economic transformations in old industrial regions. The hypothesis of the research is that the socio-economic development of an old industrial region is to a certain extent determined by a system of its interrelated genetic codes that determine the established specialization and predisposition of the territory to various endogenous processes. The methodology of the survey study is made up of the methods of system-functional and system-historical analysis of scientific publications, reflecting solutions to the problems of socio-economic development of old industrial regions. It is substantiated that each old industrial region has “defining” genetic codes: production, social and institutional ones. Together, these codes represent the fundamental hereditary program of the economic evolution of the territory and contain a set of endogenous factors of the development of the territory, formed and transmitted from generation to generation in the process of the life of society. It is shown that each region also has “dynamic” genetic codes that can be identified as innovative, infrastructural and sociocultural. All these codes are generated at the level of the connections of "defining" codes; they are able to cause revitalization of territories and ensure further stages of the evolutionary development of the territories under consideration, provided that these compounds are not defective. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of economic genetics as a modern interdisciplinary science, allowing one to understand in a new way the determinants and patterns of development of industrial regions, based on the experience of old industrial territories. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use by the authorities as an additional tool for the development of tactical and strategic solutions to stable problems of historically industrial territories, increasing the effectiveness of their implementation.

МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ РЕСУРСНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ (АНАЛІЗ ПРОЕКТІВ ЗАКОНОДАВЧИХ АКТІВ, ВКЛЮЧЕНИХ ДО ПОРЯДКУ ДЕННОГО ЧЕТВЕРТОЇ СЕСІЇ ВЕРХОВНОЇ РАДИ УКРАЇНИ ДЕВ’ЯТОГО СКЛИКАННЯ, СЕРПЕНЬ 2020Р. –СІЧЕНЬ 2021Р.)

The article examines modern world economic development as a phenomenon of regional and local cooperation with the growth of regions (subregions) as the main actors in ensuring the socio-economic development of the state, its competitiveness in the world economic and political arena. Capable regions and subregions are able, on the one hand, to reduce the burden on central authorities by taking over some of their powers, and on the other - to take into account the needs of new communities, businesses and other organizations when making decisions in production on public services. The article proves that public administration and their components - public administration and regulation in the field of national and regional (local) development - is one of the most important problems of forming developed market relations in Ukraine, in particular with the formation of a new system (mechanisms and tools) in the field of resource provision of the decentralized model of local governance. The European integration vector of development chosen by Ukraine envisages a significant modernization of the system of public administration in general and administration in particular. The formation of domestic public administration and administration on a qualitatively new basis in connection with the intensification of some social processes and the need to solve systemic problems of socio-economic development of certain territories of Ukraine necessitates deep theoretical, methodological and scientificmethodological study of the imperfection of the public system. management and administration in conditions of resource constraints. At the same time, despite the intensification of efforts of scientists in the development of methodological tools, a universal approach to solving the problems of insufficient efficiency of public administration and administration has not yet been developed.

СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОЦЕНКИ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19 КАК ФАКТОРА ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ НА ПРОЦЕССЫ САМОРАЗВИТИЯ ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ СЕВЕРА И АРКТИКИ

The article presents the results of the sociological research (expert survey of the heads of municipalities of the Far North and the Arctic) on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the processes of self-development of territorial communities of the North and the Arctic. The most acute problems of socio-economic development were identified (lack of financial resources and investment budget revenues, housing and utilities operations, logistical problems, poor transport accessibility, etc.) Against the background of al-ready existing problems, the negative impact of COVID-19 was assessed, which manifested primarily in the lack of financial resources, shortage of medical personnel, weak material and technical base of healthcare system. The experts' assessments indicating significant losses in the sphere of small and medium business were revealed, the measures suggested by the experts for overcoming social and economic consequences of the pandemic COVID-19 were grouped.

Modern city: the system of local government and support of small and medium-sized businesses

The article analyzes issues related to the impact of various reforms in the sphere of Russian self-government on the development of Russian cities, especially in the context of new territorial administration systems. As the initial premises of such reforms, we consider, first of all, the constitutional innovations of 2020, which in one way or another affected the economic and legal foundations of Russian local self-government, in particular, through the approval of a single institution of “public power” in the country. The concept of “public authority” is intended to embody the unity and interaction of state and municipal administration in solving the problems of socio-economic development of territories. Further, in the context of the development of cities and their management systems, the tasks of preparing new “Foundations...” of state policy in the field of local self-government are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the need to strengthen the role of municipal management structures in supporting small business forms. The importance of specifying the place and role of various types of municipalities in the practice of strategic planning is shown.