Problem Of Poverty Research Articles

Бідність українських пенсіонерів: довоєнна ситуація і вплив війни

The purpose of the article is to determine the level of poverty among Ukrainian pensioners, assess deprivations, including those in different types of settlements, and forecast the impact of full-scale military actions on the increase in monetary poverty. Studying poverty among pensioners during wartime is very important, as retirement age is a time in life when a person can no longer ensure a stable income, except for their pension, and requires access to healthcare and various social services. Military actions in some parts of Ukraine make normal existence impossible and critically exacerbate the problem of poverty, while in other areas, they significantly increase the poverty level due to a general decline in the standard of living. Various methods are used to study poverty among pensioners in Ukraine, both specialized and general scientific methods. The monographic method, bibliometrics, and content analysis are used for preliminary study of the problem. The computational method, forecasting, and modeling are used to forecast the impact of full-scale military actions on the growth of monetary poverty. The scale of pre-war poverty levels among Ukrainian pensioners, including self-assessment, has been assessed. In 2021, 26.3 % of urban and 29.2 % of rural pensioner households were classified as poor according to the relative criterion. On average, 23.4 % of households across the country were classified as poor. The level of poverty has been determined based on deprivations. The poverty level based on deprivation indicators in different types of settlements (share of households experiencing 4 or more deprivations) in 2020 was 2.6 times higher in rural areas compared to the corresponding indicator in cities. Deprivations among Ukrainian pensioners have been assessed in terms of types of settlements. Forecasts for poverty among Ukrainian pensioners have been provided based on the absolute criterion of expenses below the actual subsistence minimum. According to the forecasts of experts from the Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, in 2023, the share of the population living on less than the actual subsistence minimum will increase by 1.7 times throughout the country, compared to 2021, and reach 67.8 %. Taking into account the fact that the poverty level among pensioners, especially older people, significantly exceeds the average indicators for the country from year to year, the majority of elderly people — 76.4 % in cities and 83 % in rural areas — will fall into the category of poor.

Euphemistic nomination of poverty in German journalism

This article explores euphemisms, which are a means of replacing one linguistic means with another, more euphonious for the sender or addressee. Euphemisms include concepts that embellish the linguistic description that they want to avoid. In journalistic texts that are devoted to economic issues, euphemisms have an intentionally given communicative and pragmatic effect on the recipient. The purpose of the study is to identify and linguistically describe the means of euphemizing poverty found in the German article “Endlich wieder Donnerstag!” (Finally Thursday again!), devoted to problems in the economic sphere. An attempt is made to linguistically describe the means of euphemization in German economic discourse based on one article. The research material was an article on economics from the German electronic edition of the daily newspaper “Die Tageszeitung”, containing various euphemized and non-euphemized variants of the poverty nomination. So far, no attempts have been made in domestic and foreign Germanistics to describe linguistically the means of euphemization in the economic discourse of Germany based on the material of one journalistic text. In the course of the study, euphemized and non-euphemized variants of poverty nominations were identified in the following thematic areas: “causes of poverty”, “characteristics of the financial situation”, “naming people in a difficult financial situation”, “ways to solve the problem of poverty on the part of the state, charitable organizations and citizens themselves”. The analysis made it possible to reveal the fact that the authors of journalistic texts use euphemization techniques in order to hide, disguise concepts that are inconvenient to mention or discredit the ruling coalition, avoid creating a negative image of poor people in the reader, disguise their plight, and avoid spreading panic among German residents. In addition, the use of euphemisms in a journalistic text helps to soften the perception of financial difficulties and reduce communicative discomfort. The data obtained as a result of this study can be used in the analysis and interpretation of journalistic texts from the German-language press.

Ketenagakerjaan yang Berdampak terhadap Umkm Masyarakat


 The aim of this article is to gain an understanding of the issues surrounding the impact of the public sector on the lives of ordinary Malaysians. One of the potential answers to the labor crisis in Indonesia is the emergence of micro and small enterprises, or UMNT. Modern governments struggle with problems of chemistry, inequality and income distribution. Governments in many countries face the difficult problem of providing adequate employment opportunities for their citizens. The responsibility for rectifying the situation rests squarely on us; if we can design other work areas, the demand for such space will be slightly reduced, and the level of competition between businesses will also be reduced. Unemployment also includes a sociocultural dimension. The depth of one's mental and spiritual outlook is closely related to eating disorders. One of the potential solutions to the problem of poverty and the response that has hit the Indonesian nation is the proliferation of small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and the resulting contributions through entrepreneurship. The government also plays an important role in encouraging the growth of new businesses and MSMEs through various support programs that make it easier for new businesses and MSMEs to get up and running.
 Keywords: Employment, MSMEs, Society

TINGKAT KETERGANTUNGAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP HUTAN (Studi Kasus: Kawasan Hutan Koa Besipae, Desa Mio, Kecamatan Amanuban Selatan, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan)

The problem of poverty in the community around the forest is a type of problem that is often found in forest management in Indonesia. Communities around the forest have a dilemmatic position about the forest. On the one hand, they are the people who play the most role in the context of forest conservation. On the other hand, their average condition is poor and they need support in meeting their various needs. This condition also happens to the people who are living around the Koa Besipae Forest area, Mio Village, South Amanuban District, South Central Timor Regency. The location of this research is located in Mio Village, South Amanuban District, South Central Timor Regency, with the 35,43 Km² village areas, this study was conducted to determine how much the community’s dependence on the Koa Besipae Forest Area, Mio Village, South Amanuban District, South Central Timor Regency. This research was conducted on June 2022. The number of the respondents in this research are 20 people which obtained by using purposive sampling method and analyzed by using quantitative analysis. The results of the research which obtained through the interview method with the help of questionnaires and direct observation method shows the level of dependency of the community’s economic income on the Koa Besipae Forest Area in the high category of 95,45% which is determined by the variable level of dependency (66,67% - 100%).

The Cost of School Set for the First-Former in View of Poverty Problem in Russia

The article analyzes the cost of school set for the first-former as an indicator of expenses spent on yearly child fittingup for school. The calculation of the first-former set was done on the basis of the standard list of goods fixed by Rosstat for each region with regard to annual price dynamics in 2006–2021. The results show that the cost of the set rises every year both in absolute figures and in relation to the regional living wage. At the same time estimation of the average per capita income of households without children, households with one, two, three and more children based on selective monitoring of population income in 2014–2021 showed that the cost of school set for the firstformer exceeded the average per capita income of families with children and the gap increases with the number of children. The obtained results prove the necessity to develop measures of social support of families with school children. In the article the authors study the effective regional measures of supporting such families and put forward approaches to their upgrading. The research can be useful for working-out measures aimed at cutting the poverty rate in entities of the country, as families with children are the most vulnerable in the context of risk of getting into poverty.

Distributive Justice Perspective of Sharia Economic Law in Indonesia

Injustice is a traditional and current issue that all economic systems encounter. This economic injustice and disparity of income and wealth is the origin of the poverty problem. The idea of distributive justice emerged in Islamic economics in response to the inability of current economic theories to address the issues of poverty, income, and wealth disparity. As a result, the study of distribution has long been an intriguing topic in Islamic economics. This study defines distribution from an Islamic economic standpoint, examines problems related to injustice in the Indonesian distribution system, criticizes capitalist economic distribution, and concludes with a study of Islamic economic distribution in discovering distributive justice and distribution mechanisms in Islam as an answer for justice and social welfare

Theories and concepts of gender inequality in the distribution of resources

The purpose of the study is an analytical review of the main theories and the concept of gender inequality in the distribution of resources. Low-wage and short-term wage labour in the economy is often the only option for women (to a greater extent than for men), which leads to poverty in the population, especially in rural areas. The authors revealed that the consequences of Covid-19 and the ongoing geopolitical events, which had a negative impact on socio-economic development, also had a special impact. Thus, the problem of population poverty, especially in rural settlements, is relevant today both at the domestic and global levels. To achieve the goal, a review of the literature on the issues of the research issue, gender approaches in the decision-making process and an overview of the types and factors contributing to the unequal distribution of resources are used. As a result of the literature review, it was revealed that the causes of poverty in rural areas and labour migration are due to spatial inequality, which refers to inequality between urban and rural areas. In addition, there is a gender aspect of the problem between poverty and labour migration, i.e. women mostly accept low-paid work in the informal sector, which does not always mean an improvement in their situation. The reason for the poverty of women in rural areas is associated with their weaker position compared to men. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies and programs to improve the socio-economic situation of the population, especially women.

EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA MENENGAH DAERAH KABUPATEN PONOROGO TAHUN 2016-2021 DI DESA DAYAKAN KECAMATAN BADEGAN KABUPATEN PONOROGO TAHUN 2019

The results showed an evaluation of the implementation of Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) using William Dunn with six variables, namely effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, leveling, responsiveness and accuracy, namely: BPNT implementation starts from the stages of registration or account opening, education and socialization. , distribution, and purchase of goods at e-warong and Bank BNI 46. Achievement of BPNT implementation results, seen from BPNT objectives, is still not optimal for all BPNT KPM. The assessment of the implementation of BPNT in Dayakan Village, Badegan District, Ponorogo Regency based on William Dunn's theory is the effectiveness of achieving BPNT goals, efficiency of distribution time and the number of e-warongs or BNI 46 agents who facilitate the purchase of goods, criteria for the leveling of BPNT program recipients, and responsiveness criteria for problem handling not good. Meanwhile, the criteria for the adequacy of the results / benefits of BPNT that are felt by the poor to meet food needs and the criteria for BPNT's accuracy in answering the problems of poverty and hunger faced by the poor are quite good.

HIERARCHICAL CLUSTER ANALYSIS ON PEOPLE'S WELFARE IN SOUTHEAST SULAWESI PROVINCE

Problems with people's welfare typically result from the government's development efforts in a region not being done properly or not being done equally. Consider grouping and defining the traits of each region's degree of welfare as a potential answer to ensure that development policies and strategies are well-targeted. This study aims to classify 17 regency/cities in Southeast Sulawesi province based on several indicators of people's welfare. The method used is hierarchical cluster analysis with several approaches, including Single Linkage, Complete Linkage, Average Linkage, and Ward's. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the publication of the Central Agency of Statistics (CAS) of Southeast Sulawesi Province. Based on the results of the evaluation the best method used is Ward's method which produces three clusters. The first cluster consists of 9 regencies, namely Buton, North Buton, South Buton, Central Buton, Muna, West Muna, Wakatobi, Konawe Islands, and East Kolaka, the majority of which come from the archipelago. Some of the problems that occur in these areas are the relatively high poverty rate and the low average length of schooling and life expectancy. The same thing happened to the second cluster which consisted of 6 regencies, namely Konawe, South Konawe, North Konawe, Bombana, Kolaka, and North Kolaka with problems of poverty, the average length of schooling, and relatively low sources of proper drinking water when compared to other clusters. The third cluster consists of 2 urban areas, namely Kendari City and Baubau City, the problems that occur are the relatively high unemployment rate and population density. The government ought to offer more initiatives to handle issues with poverty, education, and health in regions in clusters 1 and 2. While in cluster 3, the government ought to offer more initiatives to combat jobless issues and prepare for rising population densities.

Financial Inclusion, Poverty Alleviation, and Digitalization

The link between financial inclusion, reducing poverty, and digitalization is examined in this essay. Economic globalization has emerged as a key trend in the growth of the global economy. With the continuous and deepening influence of the trend of economic globalization, the development of various regions in the world's economic environment needs to be balanced. The large gap between countries, urban and rural areas, regions, and social classes is typical of unbalanced economic development. Inclusive finance is a concept proposed to solve the problem of poverty from the level of financial services. A more universal and beneficial financial system is necessary for each country's economic growth and social development, so achieving financial inclusion has received the attention of many countries. Therefore, based on the region-specific data collected, the relationship between inclusive finance for economic growth and poverty alleviation will be examined from two perspectives in this paper: inclusive finance for poverty alleviation and inclusive digital finance. Through an analysis of the current state of inclusive finance, the limitations of its development and recommendations for future development will be discovered.

Analisa Potensi Tempat Ibadah Untuk Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat

One of the big problems facing the Indonesian nation at this time is the problem of poverty and poverty. One of the solutions to prevent and at the same time overcome poverty is the development of a people's economy that is fair and equitable based on prosperity, which is far from capitalism and socialism but respects ownership of individual rights and at the same time maintains shared ownership. The purpose of this research is to find answers about the potential for the existence of places of worship in empowering the community's economy. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method with a content analysis approach and library research to find out the conclusions from a text, journal or literature and research results or data sources that have been collected. The results obtained are that places of worship consisting of mosques, churches, monasteries, temples and temples have great potential in empowering the economy of their people. The economic empowerment of the people from each place of worship will have implications for the economic empowerment of the community around the place of worship as well so that by moving the community's economic empowerment, the wheels of the economy will spin more broadly and this moving economy will have a positive influence on the income of the place of worship, especially the community as a whole. general and ultimately the economy as a whole, so that this will prevent poverty.

Functional properties and chemical constituents of eight underutilized Ghanaian legumes

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of some Ghanaian underutilized legumes in helping to reduce the problems of poverty, hunger and malnutrition among the vulnerable group of the Ghanaian population. The study looked into the functional properties, fat and fatty acid distribution, raffinose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cyanide and isoflavone contents of raw and processed seed flours of Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, Canavalia gladiata, Mucuna pruriens, Parkia biglobosa, Phaseolus lunatus and Vigna subterranea. The parameters mentioned above were also determined for raw fruit flour of Dialium guineense. In addition to these, the study also looked into the crude protein and starch contents of the raw and processed seed flours of Canavalia gladiata, Parkia biglobosa and Vigna subterranea. The obtained results suggest that the legumes may have untapped potential, which may be exploited to help assist in reducing hunger, malnutrition and poverty in Ghana. Results of the functional properties reveal that the legumes may serve useful roles in various food products. For instance, velvet tamarind (Dialium guineense) flour may be useful in infant food formulations because of it high solubility and low bulk density. African Locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) flour had the highest fat content among the studied flours, recording a fat content of approximately 14%. It may therefore be economical to express the oil and use the oil as an edible oil or for industrial applications for products such as soaps, shampoos, paints, etc. This means the properties of the oil of African Locust bean flour need to be studied to know the uses of the oil. Unsaturated fatty acids in the cis configuration formed more than 50% of the fatty acids in all the legumes. This observation coupled with the low sodium content of all the legumes suggest that these legumes may be suitable for consumption to prevent cardiovascular diseases. The daily nutrient needs of individuals can be met by the consumption of the appropriate amounts of these legumes. For example, 375.25 g of processed velvet beans (Mucuna pruriens) flour may be able to meet the adequate intake (AI) of 350 mg/day magnesium for adult males.

PASTO: Enabling Secure and Efficient Task Offloading in TrustZone-Enabled Edge Clouds

Offloading tasks to edge servers has been regarded as a potential way to solve the computation resource poverty problem of the end devices like autonomous vehicles. However, due to the sharing and openness features of edge computing, it raises severe security problems. In order to combat such issues, Trust Execution Environment (TEE), such as TrustZone, is advocated to strength the security of task offloading to edge computing in the hardware level. For the exploration of TrustZone, the inevitable involvement of cryptographic operations make existing offloading strategies not applicable, or not efficient enough, any more. In addition, TrustZone does not allow multiple tasks to coexist and execute on one CPU core at the same time. Taking the above issues into consideration, we investigate a secure task offloading problem for minimizing the total task completion time under the constraint of energy budget. To address this problem, we propose a Priority-aware Secure Task Offloading (PASTO) algorithm and evaluate the performance of PASTO by both numerical analysis and prototype based experiments. All the experiment results show that PASTO can effectively reduce the total task completion time in comparison with other state-of-the-art offloading approaches in TrustZone-enabled edge clouds.

Kehidupan Anak Pengamen Jalanan di Simpang Pos Jl. Jamin Ginting Kelurahan Kwala Bekala Medan

This study purpose to know some factors which has background a children working as a singer, social interaction between a children singers with the condition economy of family. The children working as a singer in Simpang Pos Jl. Jamin Ginting Kelurahan Kwala Bekala Medan. The research methodology used a qualitative research with descriptive approach technic to collecting data that used is observation, interview, and documentation. The result of research is the children that working as singers has background some of factors related to one another is a problem of poverty that cause low income the parents so that the children working too, some of the poor children working because willingness their self because realize the income of their parents that unable sufficient the needed of family, beside that the children working in the streets as singers that cause of blind following factors with their friend of the same age and cultural factors.

Comparison of Queen Contiguity and Customized Weighting Matrices on Spatial Regression to Identify Factors Impacting Poverty in East Java

Poverty is crucial problem that negative impact on all sectors, including economic, social, and cultural development in East Java Province. Poverty can also increase unemployment, crime, trigger social disasters and hinder progress East Java province. One efforts overcome problem of poverty in East Java province is detect factors that influence. This effort can be done through statistical modeling to determine factors that influence poverty in East Java province. statistical model that can identify factors that influence poverty and explain relationship between region and surrounding area is spatial regression analysis. In spatial regression analysis, spatial weighting matrix is needed to determine spatial influences between regions where one region influences neighboring regions. spatial weighting matrices that is often used is queen contiguity, and according to Anselin (1988:20), this spatial weighting also considers initial information, purpose of case studied, and theory underlying the research. This weighting uses social and economic variables case under study, namely customized weighting matrix. Based on results of this study, shows that best spatial regression and spatial weighting models are General Spatial Model (GSM) with customized weighting because customized weighting produces better estimation results than SAR, SEM and GSM models with queen contiguity weighting in district and city poverty modeling in East Java province with Akaike Infomation Criterion (AIC) value of 188.77 and detemination coefficient (R2) of 84.95%. School's Expected Time, Life Expectancy Score, and Employment Participation Rate are factors that will have substantial impact on percentage of population living in poverty East Java's districts and cities in 2021.

Social assistance to children from low-income families in the conditions of the Comprehensive Center for Social Services to the Population

The problem of poverty for a modern Russian family with children is one of the most acute social issues of Russia nowadays. The low level of income of a significant part of families causes social tension and provokes crisis processes in the family and society. Practice shows that children in low-income families often face problems that neither they themselves nor their family members, friends, or neighbors can solve. The purpose of the research is to study the features of the implementation of the technology of social service for children in low-income families in the conditions of the Comprehensive Center for Social Services to the Population of the Pravoberezhny District of Magnitogorsk.

Dampak Pengangguran, Pendidikan dan Inflasi Terhadap Kemiskinan di Indonesia Periode Tahun 2014-2020

Indonesia is developing countries. To become a developed country, needs to fix existing problems, especially economic problems. Economic problems are divided into 2 categories, namely micro and macro. One of the discussions in macroeconomic is related to poverty. The problem of poverty in Indonesia is an important problem to be addressed immediately because the percentage level of poverty in Indonesia is quite high and fluctuates. The rise and fall of the poverty level is related to several economic indicators, one of which is unemployment and education. In addition, poverty is also influenced by economic development indicators, including inflation. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of unemployment, education, and inflation on poverty in Indonesia for periode 2014-2020 either partially or simultaneously. This type of research is a quantitative research because the data used is in the form of numbers. The data in this study are secondary data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). Sampling technique using saturated sampling technique. While the data analysis in this study used multiple regression analysis because the independent variables in this study were more than 2. The results of this study indicated that the variables of unemployment and inflation have a positive and significant effect on poverty in Indonesia for the period 2014-2020. While the education variable has no effect on poverty in Indonesia for the period 2014-2020. Then simultaneously, the variables of unemployment, education, and inflation have a positive and significant effect on poverty in Indonesia for the period 2014-2020.

Assessing wellbeing: Profiling and socioeconomic status of Kenyir Lake side community, Malaysia

The Kenyir Lake side community offers numerous advantages to the local community. However, the problems of backwardness and poverty have been identified as the government's main challenges in its efforts to develop the community and maximise the advantages. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the Kenyir Lake community's profile and assess its well-being. The study was conducted in three sub-districts near Tasik Kenyir, namely Kuala Berang, Hulu Telemong, and Jenagor, with a total of 510 respondents, who are heads of households (HOH). This study was carried out using a quantitative approach using questionnaire with a simple random sampling method. The findings of this study offered demographic profiling and discovered nine indicators of well-being, namely 1) Life Achievement, 2) Health Level, 3) Family Relationship, 4) Community Relationship, 5) Spiritual Level, 6) Safety Level and Social Problems, 7) Income or Finance, 8) Basic Facilities, and 9) Communication Technology. The study found that most respondents are satisfied with their lives now compared to 10 years ago. This study will help many parties to develop the Kenyir Lake Side Community, starting from the local authorities to the highest administration in the country.

Analisis Penyebab, Konsekuensi, Dan Solusi Potret Kemiskinan Di Kabupaten Mojokerto Pasca Reformasi

This study analyzes the causes, consequences and solutions to portrait poverty in post-reform Mojokerto Regency, including: Poverty Line, Number of Poor Population, Percentage of Poor Population, Consequences and Solutions to Post-Reform Poverty. Poverty is a very dynamic problem that depends on the challenges faced. In Indonesia, each government period has its own focus and character in efforts to reduce poverty. Preparing for the analysis requires information to be used in the research process. Information in the form of research published by the Central Bureau of Statistics of Finland (BPS), other information from the BPS of East Java Province, BPS of Mojokerto Regency, using time series data (time series data) at least from the most recent period of 3-5 years, and using djpb data from the Indonesian Ministry of Finance. The results of the study show that the poverty line is known to be directly proportional to the increase in the number of poor people in 2020. This indicates that the increase in the price of food and other staple goods will be far above the average. spending of the poor. The very poor and the poor remained in place, while the near poor became even poorer as their spending could no longer keep up with the rising poverty line. It is hoped that during this reform period, the Mojokerto Regency Government will be able to overcome the impacts and consequences and find solutions or steps to reduce the current poverty problems in Mojokerto Regency.

An assessment of Africa’s second-hand clothing value chain: a systematic review and research opportunities

A rapid change in fast fashion has significantly accelerated the expansion of the volume of discarded clothing across the globe. Africa is the world’s largest destination for second-hand clothes (SHC, sometimes known as ‘Mitumba’). However, fewer studies have been conducted on Africa’s SHC, making it challenging to evaluate the impact of the market and its value chain. This study examines the economic contribution and assessment of the SHC value chain and the resulting environmental challenges, identifies the trends of scholarly discourse on the topic in Africa, examines their methodologies and develops future research opportunities. The study shows that the SHC trade is an essential supply chain connecting developed and developing countries and a valuable clothing consumption alternative for people experiencing economic decline, poverty and low purchasing power. SHC is crucial in delivering fashion products to customers in underdeveloped African countries. It also creates job opportunities for hundreds of thousands of people in the trade, distribution, repairs, laundry services and upcycling. Results further show that Africans are being enriched with new skills and knowledge of the SHC trade, which is expected to help grow and promote small- to medium-sized enterprises. However, poorly made Mitumba become unmarketable, creating environmental challenges in cities across the continent. The study found fewer empirical studies, due largely to limited data on Africa’s SHC trade. This calls for more empirical studies to scale the SHC trade in the region, expand the boundaries of entrepreneurial opportunities for Africa to interact with the global market, and alleviate the widespread problem of extreme poverty while also addressing the environmental challenges posed by SHC.