Problem Of Poverty Research Articles

Comparison of Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbor Performance for Determining Mustahik

The problem of poverty is one of the fundamental issues of concern to the Indonesian government. One of the methods used by Islam to alleviate poverty is through zakat from Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS). Currently, the distribution of zakat is divided into two, namely in the form of consumptive zakat and productive zakat. Productive zakat is aimed at people who need business capital. To assist zakat managers in managing their funds, a mechanism is needed that can process mustahik data so that it can be selected more quickly and precisely using data mining. In this research, the data mining methods that will be used are K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and Decision Tree. The dataset used in this research is data obtained from BAZNAS and has been preprocessed to obtain a dataset with 7 attributes and 144 records. Decision trees, KNN Manhattan, and KNN Euclidean are used to predict mustahik candidates who are worthy of receiving zakat. The performance of the third method was tested using AUC and confusion matrix namely Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1 in each dataset split scenario of 70%:30%, 75%:25%, and 80%:20%. Based on the number of false positive and false negative results, the best performance obtained is KNN Euclidean with a dataset division scenario of 80%:20%.

GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED PANEL REGRESSION (GWPR) MODEL FOR POVERTY DATA IN WEST JAVA PROVINCE 2019-2021

The problem of poverty in West Java shows a pattern that tends to be concentrated in adjacent areas, indicating spatial heterogeneity in the problem. On the other hand, poverty in West Java also shows an increasing trend from year to year so that dynamic changes occur in various regions. From this situation, it is necessary to know the factors that affect poverty spatially using panel data. One way is to model the poverty problem with the Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR) model. The GWPR model is the development of a regression model that combines Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) with panel data regression assuming a Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The data used in this study are secondary data in the 2019-2021 range from the Central Bureau of Statistics and Open Data Jabar which consists of the dependent variable (Y), namely the percentage of poor people and the independent variable (X), namely the factors that influence the percentage of poverty. The purpose of this study is to produce a GWPR model using the Weighted Least Square (WLS) method with the Tricube adaptive kernel weighting function. By conducting overall and partial testing through the F test and t test, the results show that the model for each location and the factors that influence the percentage of poor people in West Java are different for each location due to spatial variations in the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable.

THE The Influence of Capital, Labor and Length of Business on Traders' Income in the Beringkit Animal Market Badung Regency

he current development of the Indonesian economy can be measured by the development of trade centers. The existence of a trade center is one of the most obvious indicators of community economic activity in a region. In terms of economic interests, the increasing number of trade centers, both traditional and modern, encourages the creation of job opportunities for many people. Starting from the services of security forces, shopkeepers, delivery people, cleaning services, to transportation services. This means that the presence of a trade center participates in alleviating the problem of poverty. This research uses quantitative research methods and statistical analysis, especially analysis of numbers and statistical analysis with the aim of confirming previously established hypotheses. Multiple linear regression method, partial test and simultaneous F test. Based on the SPSS calculation results, results were obtained 1). The income of traders at the Beringkit animal market in Badung Regency is partly positively and significantly influenced by capital, labor, but not significantly by the length of business. 2) The income of traders at the Beringkit animal market in Badung Regency is also simultaneously influenced positively and significantly by capital, labor and length of businesshe current development of the Indonesian economy can be measured by the development of trade centers. The existence of a trade center is one of the most obvious indicators of community economic activity in a region. In terms of economic interests, the increasing number of trade centers, both traditional and modern, encourages the creation of job opportunities for many people. Starting from the services of security forces, shopkeepers, delivery people, cleaning services, to transportation services. This means that the presence of a trade center participates in alleviating the problem of poverty. This research uses quantitative research methods and statistical analysis, especially analysis of numbers and statistical analysis with the aim of confirming previously established hypotheses. Multiple linear regression method, partial test and simultaneous F test. Based on the SPSS calculation results, results were obtained 1). The income of traders at the Beringkit animal market in Badung Regency is partly positively and significantly influenced by capital, labor, but not significantly by the length of business. 2) The income of traders at the Beringkit animal market in Badung Regency is also simultaneously influenced positively and significantly by capital, labor and length of business

The Relationship between Social Capital, Human Capital, and the Level of Welfare of Farmers in Ponorogo, Indonesia

Community empowerment is one of the solutions to overcome the problem of poverty in an area. Community empowerment can be carried out by utilizing local potential and developing aspects and social capital. Based on the theory of the poverty circle, several factors cause poverty, including income levels, education levels, and the amount of consumption. Ponorogo Regency is one of the top 10 food support districts in East Java, with progress in the agricultural sector capable of supporting regional food security. However, many underprivileged residents have a poverty rate 2022 of 9.32% of the total population. Based on these facts, this study aims to reveal the relationship between social capital, education level, and income level in Ponorogo Regency. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis with independent variables (Xn), including the level of public education (X1) and human capital (X2), as well as the dependent variable (Y), namely the level of welfare of the people of Ponorogo Regency. The analysis results show that in Ponorogo Regency, there is a correlation between social capital and the level of education and community welfare. The level of social welfare is influenced by education and human capital. The higher the education level and human capital, the higher the social welfare and social capital formed. The development of social capital in networks at the educational level of Ponorogo Regency is very closely related, especially to participation in the religious field. Likewise, the relationship with norms on social capital in which the community has no tendency for a certain level of education related to the desire to implement applicable norms. However, participation in traditional activities has a closer relationship only at the elementary to secondary education level. The analysis results also show that the people of Ponorogo Regency with any income level have a close relationship with all elements of social capital, namely trust, social networks, and norms. Low-income people are associated with an increase in social class.

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE IN MIZORAM: GROWTH AND TREND

Public expenditure has grown both relatively and absolutely in all the states of the Indian Union. The developmental process in any society had then to be conditioned by priorities policy set by the state. Accordingly the level and direction of public expenditure allocations were to be design for their maximum beneficial impact on economic and social sectors in order that income growth and the performance on social indices reinforced each other. The significance of public expenditure as an instrument of promoting the socio-economic development of a country is well accepted by the development economists in modern times all over the world, particularly in the developing countries which shelters roughly two-thirds of the world’s poverty ridden people. In a socialistic and welfare characterized state, governments directly intervene in achieving an efficient allocation of resources, in achieving an equitable distribution of income and finally in maintaining economic stability in the economy. The growing concern over the necessity of improving the future well-being of the people is of paramount importance, and therefore, has impelled the governments of the developing countries including India to overcome the problems of mass poverty, unemployment, social and economic backwardness etc. KEYWORDS: Public Expenditure, Capital, Revenue, Development, GSDP

Poverty in Africa: Causes, Consequences, and Potential Solutions

Africa, the world's second-largest continent both in terms of landmass and population, stands as a paradox of untapped potential and enduring challenges. Amidst its breathtaking landscapes and cultural richness, it grapples with a persistent and pervasive issue: poverty. This journal article delves into the multifaceted problem of poverty in Africa, offering a comprehensive exploration of its underlying causes, profound consequences, and a range of potential solutions. Poverty in Africa is not just an economic quandary; it is a complex, interwoven issue with social, political, and historical dimensions that necessitate a nuanced understanding and collaborative efforts from both African nations and the international community.

Social policy of the state and its impact on the unemployment rate in Kazakhstan

The process of formation of the social support system in Kazakhstan is associated with profound socio-economic reforms. The latest policy documents adopted in Kazakhstan are aimed not only at developing human capital, improving the quality and standard of living of the population, but also at strengthening the socio-economic protection of members of society. Conducting an adequate social policy aimed at improving the quality of life of the population is one of the most important functions of the state. The purpose of this study is to consider the problems of unemployment and poverty, social inequality, as well as the impact of public policy measures to reduce it. The methods of research were review, generalization, statistical and quantitative analysis. The information base of the study was the data of the National Statistical Bureau, which reflected the main problems of domestic social security. In the course of the study it was revealed that the implementation of state projects to increase incomes of the population did not bring the expected effect. The study showed a decrease in the real income of the population with an increase in the dynamics of nominal income, a high proportion of income inequality between the rural and urban population, and this is associated with a general slowdown in economic growth and rising inflation. In addition, the study revealed a high proportion of the self-employed population, who are unfortunately engaged in unproductive activities, which ultimately leads to an increase in poverty. In these conditions it is necessary to systematize measures of social support of the population, implementation of state projects, equalizing incomes of the population.

The Strategic Role Of Article 6 Of Law No 41 Of 2004 In The Management Of Term Waqf: A Progressive Review Of Islamic Economic Renewal

Waqf is a form of worship and is also one of the pillars of the Islamic economy which has the potential to improve community welfare and overcome the problem of poverty. One of the laws governing waqf in Indonesia is Law No. 41 of 2004. Futures Waqf is an innovation in modern Islamic economics, aligning Islamic economic principles with contemporary developments. This research provides an understanding of the evolution of Islamic economics and efforts to encourage the implementation of Islamic economic principles in ever-changing global dynamics. In this research the author uses a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach. This law is the basis that waqf can be forever and can also have a term. This is very different from what is regulated by Islamic waqf law which tends to be less directed towards economic empowerment of the people and is only used for religious activities such as building mosques, prayer rooms, schools and cemeteries. This evaluation provides an in-depth impact on how the effectiveness of this regulation can increase the economic benefits of Term Waqf, encourage sustainable economic growth, and support the achievement of sharia economic development goals in Indonesia.

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN THE DISTRICT. MEDAN DENAI, MEDAN CITY

Community development, which seeks to increase participation and a sense of participation and belonging together in the program to be implemented, must also contain elements of community empowerment. Empowerment refers to the ability of people, especially vulnerable or weak groups, to have access to productive sources that enable them to increase their income and obtain the goods and services they need and then participate in the development process and decisions that affect their environment. or themselves. In reality, this process often does not appear automatically, but rather grows and develops based on the interaction of local communities with external parties or social workers who work based on charitable encouragement or a professional perspective. These social workers act as social assistants. Who is present as an agent of change who is involved in helping solve the problems they face. Social assistance can be interpreted as a dynamic interaction between poor groups and social workers to jointly face various or various challenges. Community development is also interpreted as a strategy of choice in the context of alternative development, while the concept of alternative development in development discourse is then a reaction to the weaknesses of the development model, also overcoming the problem of poverty, preserving the environment and solving strange social problems that oppress society.

Regional poverty as an important characteristic of the quality and standard of living of the population: analysis of trends and prospects for its reduction

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of regional poverty as an important component of the quality and standard of living of the population. The well-known regional ratings on the quality of life of the population, compiled by experts from the Agency for Strategic Initiatives and the universal rating agency RIA Rating, are considered. Using a non-parametric multidimensional method, a rating of subjects of the Russian Federation was compiled according to the integrated assessment of measurement of poverty. Five groups of regions have been identified among the subjects of the Russian Federation. The Samara region falls into group 4 with an integrated assessment of measurement of poverty below average, taking 49th position. The article carries out a structural analysis of the problem under study from a regional perspective and calculates poverty risk indices in the Samara region. Significant risks of becoming poor for families with children, small risks of poverty for pensioners, a decrease in economic poverty, and an increase in poverty among the population unemployed in the economy have been identified. A matrix of SWOT analysis of the problem of regional poverty was compiled, which indicated the strengths and opportunities of the Samara region for the formation of effective poverty reduction policies. At the same time, it is also to highlight the need to develop a number of measures to reduce poverty, namely, the development of surveys of population budgets and awareness of citizens about social support programs, the development of small business infrastructure, especially for enterprises creating places for the disabled and pensioners, promoting the employment of women with children, etc. In general, the effective fight against regional poverty will be facilitated by the implementation of a program to reduce poverty in the region, the active application of the social contract, and the practical application of the above measures.

Transparansi Pendataan Program Bantuan Sosial Tunai dalam Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Lingkungan Bebidas Kelurahan Pegesangan Kota Mataram

In general, the problem of poverty is a social problem that is always relevant to be studied continuously. This is not only because the problem of poverty has existed for a long time and is still present among us, but its symptoms are increasing along with the multidimensional crisis that is still being faced by the Indonesian people. the purpose of this study is whether the implementation of the Cash Social Assistance Program in the Bebidas Environment, Pagesangan Village, Mataram City has been running transparently. The research design is something that is very essential or important before conducting research. The approach in writing this scientific paper is a qualitative approach. The qualitative approach is used for the reason that it is easier to adapt when faced with different field realities because the qualitative approach is dynamic. Data collection techniques using observation techniques, interviews, documentation, while data analysis techniques through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions. The openness of the process in the transparency of the distribution of BST in the Pegasangan sub-district is that transparency has been implemented properly because all information is known to the sub-district government, providing information through the media as well as outreach to the public.

Ethics in the philosophy of Adela Cortina

This article reviews the personal, academic, and political life of Adela Cortina. Emphasis is placed on the creation of the Valencia Group, composed of philosophers from the University of Valencia (Spain) and the University of Castellón, which is a city that is not part of the Autonomous Community of Valencia. They have dedicated themselves to the study of ethics in all its aspects through conferences, publications, interviews, and articles for philosophy magazines in Spain. Adela Cortina’s contributions are very important regarding the anthropological principles of ethics and their practical application. Cortina begins with the recognition of the other or alterity, in order to understand the foundations of ethics that promote the dignity of all human beings, as Hegel had proposed. In 2007, she published the book “The Cordial Reason,” where she argues that “reason” must be complemented with elements of the “heart,” such as emotions and feelings, to better understand the anthropological basis of ethics. In 2017, she published “The Ethics of Compassionate Reason,” in the classical sense of the term, meaning “to suffer with the other” and, if possible, to help them. She mentions that she sought the opinion of Jürgen Habermas, who agreed with her. Her latest contribution to the problem of global poverty is an article on “post-poverty,” in which she recalls that in September 2015, the UN, with 193 signatory countries, committed to ending poverty and hunger by the year 2030. She argues that the ultra-rich should be taxed at a rate of 5% to achieve this.

Pengaruh Keuangan Daerah terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan di Aceh

Poverty is one of the problems faced by Indonesia from the past until now. Various ways have been done to overcome the problem of poverty. One of the efforts that have been made by the Government of Indonesia is to issue a regional autonomy policy. The existence of this policy gives authority to local governments to regulate their own regions. This policy is given to all provinces in Indonesia, including Aceh. Aceh is the province with the highest poverty rate on the island of Sumatra, although it has a higher original regional income (PAD) than the province with the lowest poverty rate on the island of Sumatra. Aceh also has a greater natural resources revenue-sharing fund (DBH SDA) than the province of West Sumatra. In addition, Aceh also received special autonomy funds (DOK), which were only given to the provinces of Aceh, Papua, and West Papua. This study aims to analyze the effect of PAD, DBH SDA and DOK on the poverty rate of Aceh Province for the 2008-2020 period. This research uses panel data regression involving 23 districts/cities of Aceh Province. The results of the study show that only local real revenue has a significant and negative effect on poverty levels.

Poverty in Selected European Countries. A Spatio-temporal Analysis from 2003–2020

The problem of poverty, both in theory and practice, gained a new meaning with the beginning of the transformation of selected European economies from being centrally planned to market economies. The transition and the accompanying ownership changes resulted in significant shifts in the income distribution, which affected the increase in the stratification of society in terms of material situation and the deterioration of the living conditions of some social groups. Developing and evaluating anti‑poverty programs should be preceded by identifying who is considered poor. Defining poverty is the first and a key step in measuring its characteristics, e.g., its intensity. Hence, the choice of a specific definition of poverty is of fundamental importance for the results of this measurement. The aim of the paper is to assess the material situation of European societies in terms of poverty change in a holistic approach – considering all the information available in international statistics on the problem. To achieve the research objective at the regional data level, we used the URi measure to decompose changes in structure and estimate the direction and intensity of poverty recorded. Further, we evaluated whether the transformations coincide temporarily and spatially. Applying the Hellinger distance (HD) allowed us to identify the significance of trends in changes in the poverty structure, especially in the years of the COVID–19 pandemic, when an increase in the importance of individual structural components of poverty was observed in the analysed European NUTS–2 spatial units. For some economies, the transition was also a consequence of European economic crises or major events of international importance, e.g., sports events or countries acceding to the EU.

Solusi Islam dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan menurut Yusuf Qardhawi


 The problem of poverty is a very sensitive matter for the wider community because poverty is something that must be reduced in this world. If there are no efforts to reduce poverty for a country, that country will experience setbacks or underdevelopment. Underdevelopment in development, resource development and economic development will run slower than developed countries. When viewed from the poverty rate which is almost rampant in every developed and developing country in all parts of the world. It is because of this problem of poverty that until now has not been resolved for both developed and developing countries, and has become a big thing that must be solved in alleviating poverty. In Islam there are many ways to solve or avoid the poverty line. Indonesia as a developing country with a majority of adherents of Islam must overcome or eradicate poverty in accordance with Islamic Sharia. Thus, Islamic economics is a science that studies human economic behavior which is governed by Islamic religious rules and is based on monotheism as summarized in the pillars of faith and the pillars of Islam. And Yusuf Qardhawi who is the main character or figure of the writer in conceptualizing poverty and solutions in poverty alleviation, namely he argued that there are several basic rules that have been regulated in Islam on economic issues, namely: divinity, ethics, humanity and the middle attitude which is characteristic from Islamic economics.
 

Learning Poverty and Gaps: Toward A Basic Education Solution for Sustainable Development and Economic Evolution in Nigeria

There is a growing and proposed increase in spending on education, which tends to encourage inquiry into what the impact of such investment will be in light of students with regards to the problem of learning poverty. This study revealed that acquiring highly standardized education has the potential to produce significant learning gains at larger scales. Social learning theory was adopted to serve as an undergirded theory in this study. Thus, finding suggests that policymakers may wish to investigate the possibility of incorporating standardization into the educational systems in Nigeria, including standardized lesson plans as well as teacher feedback, monitoring, and coaching. The findings indicates favorable benefits on reading abilities including sound functional memory and self-reliance, as well as the participation of both teachers and parents in their students' educational experiences.

Commitment and Coordination: Studies on the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies in Makasar City

Makasar City is one of the cities with the highest poverty problem in South Sulawesi so that poverty alleviation policies are carried out. This study aims to identify and analyze commitment and coordination in the implementation of the Poverty Reduction Program (PAP) in Makassar City. The research method uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and document reviews. This paper will answer two questions: How is the government's commitment to PAP? How is the coordination between agencies in the distribution of PAP? The results of the study show that the commitment of the government of Makassar City is relatively high. But unfortunately, the commitment of government elites has not been fully supported by the commitment of implementers at the RT/RW level. The pattern of coordination between organizations has not gone well, and this is indicated by differences in data between Regional Work Unit (SKPD) in terms of the number of poor people.

Cara Pintar Mengelola Keuangan Keluarga Bagi Keluarga Penerima Manfaat (KPM) Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH)

The problem of poverty is still a homework that has not been resolved by the government. Various efforts have been made, one of which is through the Family Hope Program (PKH), which is a conditional cash assistance for beneficiaries. It is said to be conditional because recipients must access education and health services using the grant funds received. However, based on information obtained from the companion, it is known that the recipients did not fully use the aid money according to its designation. This happens for various reasons, one of which is minimal income so they have to look for other sources to meet their daily needs. Therefore, this dedication is intended to provide an understanding of how to manage family finances so that whatever income is earned can be sufficient to meet life's needs, not a lifestyle. This dedication method is carried out with lectures, discussions and brainstorming with participants. The result of this service is that participants gain additional knowledge about budget planning, budget control, and distinguishing between needs and wants.

Village Development Study Based on the Developing Village Index in Bati-Bati District, Tanah Laut Regency

Village Development Study Based on the Developing Village Index in Bati-Bati District, Tanah Laut Regency

The Potency of Islamic Philanthropy in Indonesia: Analysis of the Socio-Economic Context

Overcoming the problem of poverty and socio-economic inequality has always been a difficult challenge for all of us, including the government, since the early days of human civilization. Islam has presented philanthropy as an instrument to achieve social justice by interacting and incorporating religious aspects into solutions to overcome these problems. The biggest potency for Islamic philanthropy lies in Muslim countries, especially in Indonesia which has the largest Muslim population in the world. Human resources are very effective tools for optimizing true Islamic potency. In addition, an action that is able to strengthen the effect of Islamic philanthropy on socio-economic issues is to get involved in the economic sector to increase productivity and to reduce low income levels in society.