Private Individuals Research Articles

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN FINANCING ADULT EDUCATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Adult education is concerned with developing the adult population of a country to become useful to themselves and their societies. It is aimed at equipping adults with the right knowledge, skills and attitudes required to actualize their full potentials, and then depends on them to, in turn, apply themselves to the all-round development of their societies. In Nigeria, adult education is relevant and strategic in the development of the nation. However, there are many challenges to adult education in Nigeria. One of such challenges is poor funding. The cause of poor funding is government’s inability to single-handedly finance adult education in Nigeria. This, therefore, underscores the need for an alternative means of funding adult education which is very important to national development – a joint effort, sort of, in financing adult education towards sustainable development in Nigeria. To this end, a public-private partnership (PPP) becomes a necessary avenue. This paper examined the nature of public-private partnership in financing adult education and its implications for sustainable development. The authors relied on qualitative data from theoretical sources and recommended ways through which the Nigerian government can build synergy with private individuals and organizations in financing adult education towards sustainable development in Nigeria.

Страхування відповідальності власників транспортних засобів в Україні в контексті євроінтеграції та страхового менеджменту

Mandatory civil liability insurance for owners of land vehicles in Ukraine provides social protection for road accident participants and contributes to European integration processes. The purpose of the research is to analyze the current condition of the car liability insurance market in Ukraine, identify problems and substantiate practical recommendations for improving insurance management, taking into account European integration processes. The mandatory liability insurance for owners of land vehicles in Ukraine was systematized. The structure of the car insurance portfolio of insurance companies in Ukraine was analyzed. The impact of war and quarantine on the structure of the insurance portfolio and the level of digitization of the car insurance market in Ukraine is substantiated. The main indicators of the market of mandatory liability insurance for land vehicles owners in Ukraine are analyzed. The necessity to increase the size of insurance sums to European standards is substantiated. The recommendations regarding the use of the direct losses compensation system for all participants in the market of mandatory liability insurance for owners of ground vehicles under internal contracts are given. Proposals to improve the quality of liability insurance under an internal agreement by introducing non-cash payments with private individuals when paying compensation and changing the procedure for calculating the cost of repairing cars when damage is established are substantiated.

Procedural legitimation of private parties before the Court of Justice of the EU in the light of Carvalho case

The paper discusses the position of private individuals as applicants before the Court of Justice of the EU, particularly in the context of cases related to regulating the consequences of climate change and environmental protection. Individuals wishing to challenge measures of European Union institutions related to climate change face, for now, an insurmountable obstacle in proving the existence of an individual concern as a condition for filing an action. After analyzing the positive legal regulation of procedural legitimacy for private individuals and briefly considering cases before the Court of Justice of the EU related to the regulation of the consequences of climate change, the paper outlines how the Court interprets the existence of an individual concern as a condition for filing an action.

The territorial destribution of youth and territorial factors of psychological well-being in Lithuania

Today‘s young people of school age are exposed to a wide range of life situations and choices that may determine a large part of their future lives. While some young people are able to deal with their problems on their own and with the help of others, others are unable to deal adequately with their problems and/or are hesitant or have difficulty asking for help because of the stigma that still exists. While it is possible to observe that ‚having‘ a psychological disorder is becoming more common among young people, it must be taken just as seriously as the worst case scenario, which can lead to suicide. This article presents the prevalence and situation of school-age youth in Lithuania. It looks at their access to psychological help from organisations or private individuals when needed. Keywords: School-age youth, organizations providing psychological help, psychological health, harmful habits, poverty, Lithuania.

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ ПУБЛІЧНОГО АДМІНІСТРУВАННЯ У СФЕРІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В УКРАЇНИ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇХ РОЗВ’ЯЗАННЯ

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to provide proposals for improving the legal regulation ofthe competence and powers of public administration subjects involved in the implementation ofstate policy in the field of ensuring food security of Ukraine.Methodology. The methodological base of the research consists of general and special methods ofscientific knowledge, and in particular: comparative, systemic-structural, formal-logical methods.Their application made it possible to comprehensively analyze the researched issues, as well assystematically and consistently approach the disclosure of the research tasks.Results. The first section of the article provides a description of the current state of legislativeregulation of the institutional mechanism of public administration in the field of ensuring foodsecurity of the Ukrainian state, and also focuses attention on its shortcomings.The second part of the article is devoted to the study of the institutional mechanism of publicadministration in the field of ensuring food security of the state in some member states of theEuropean Union (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France). The third section of the article is devoted to proposals for strengthening the institutional mechanismof public administration in the field of food security of Ukraine.Conclusions. In the conclusions to the article it is stated that the institutional mechanism of publicadministration in the field of food security of Ukraine needs thorough reformation. A comparativelegal study of the mechanisms of institutional provision of food security in the leading memberstates of the European Union made it possible to conclude that the formation and implementationof state policy in the field of ensuring food security of Ukraine should be carried out by anextensive system of public administration entities that must ensure effective administration in thisfield at: international, national, municipal levels. This system includes: entities that carry outgeneral coordination and determine the goals and objectives of state policy in this area (Presidentof Ukraine, Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine); entities that directly form and implement statepolicy in this area: a) Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine and ministries that carry out publicadministration in related areas; b) central bodies of the executive power (State Agency, StateForestry Agency, State Production and Consumer Service); c) local state administrations; d) localself-government bodies; e) private individuals, subjects with delegated powers. The competenceand authority of the specified system of public administration entities in the field of ensuring foodsecurity of Ukraine should find its proper reflection and regulation at the level of the special lawon food security of Ukraine.

ОЦЕНКА ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ РИСКОВ МОЛОКА, РЕАЛИЗУЕМОГО В НЕ ПРЕДУСМОТРЕННЫХ ДЛЯ ТОРГОВЛИ МЕСТАХ

Milk is a good source of protein, calcium, vitamins, magnesium, casein. Its advantages are the pleasant taste, dietary features and the ability to quench thirst. However, in hygienic terms, it is not without drawbacks. In particular, milk is a beneficial environment for the development of various microorganisms, including pathogens, as a result of which it can easily become a carrier of infectious diseases. Therefore, the task was set to investigate the risks associated with the transmission of a number of dangerous zoonotic infectious diseases, in particular brucellosis and tuberculosis. To this end, organoleptic and laboratory studies were carried out on 20 samples of unpasteurized milk purchased from private individuals in different administrative districts of the city of Yerevan. Through organoleptic method the color, smell, taste, texture of milk was determined. Under laboratory conditions, pH, purity, density, total acidity, bacterial contamination of milk and the presence of brucellosis antibodies and causative agents of tuberculosis were detected. Milk samples were also examined for starch and soda content (milk adulteration).

Оновлення тракторного парку Полтавської області, аналіз та перспективи

The purpose of the study is to improve the organizational and technical mechanisms for updating the tractor fleet of enterprises and individuals of the Poltava region, taking into account modern trends and transformations of the region's economy, caused by the state of war. The initial data for the study are the characteristics of purchased and registered tractors from 2018 to 2023, which are reflected in the single register for keeping automated records of tractors of the agricultural machinery registration department of the head office of the State Production and Consumer Service in Poltava region. We include the following characteristics among the investigated factors: 1. The year of registration of tractors in the unified register of automated accounting of tractors of the agricultural machinery registration department of the Main Department of the State Production and Consumer Service in Poltava region. 2. Entities registering tractor equipment are classified by groups: private individuals; farms, enterprises engaged in other economic activities. In the Poltava region from 2018 to 2021, there is a clear tendency of the generalized trend towards a stable increase in the number of purchased equipment for all three selected research groups. The beginning of military events led to a sharp – more than twofold – reduction of purchased and registered tractors and tractor equipment. The dynamics of the ratio of the use of foreign tractors and tractors of domestic production is no less a painful topic for Ukraine. In addition, the indicators of 2022 and 2023 have a negative trend towards a significant relative increase in the tractor market of the Poltava region of foreign-made tractors. The number of foreign tractor models in 2022 and most of 2023 exceeded the registration of domestically produced tractors by almost three times. To improve this situation, machine-building enterprises are recommended to master new tractor-building technologies, taking into account the experience of the world's leading manufacturers.

ПІДТВЕРДЖЕННЯ РОЗМІРУ ЗБИТКУ, ЗАВДАНОГО ВНАСЛІДОК ЗНИЩЕННЯ, ПОШКОДЖЕННЯ, РОЗКРАДАННЯ МАЙНА ПІДПРИЄМСТВ, ЯКІ ПЕРЕБУВАЛИ НА ТИМЧАСОВО ОКУПОВАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІЯХ АБО В РАЙОНАХ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ

During the entire period of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, every day the country's economy loses property owned by private individuals, legal entities, territorial communities, and the state. In order to compensate for property lost during wartime, which was destroyed, stolen, damaged, it is important to correctly and timely document all the processes that preceded and caused the destruction or damage of such property. Equally important during martial law is the correctness and timeliness of documentation of lost property located in territories not controlled by Ukraine (temporarily occupied). The correctness and timeliness of documenting the loss, destruction or theft of enterprise property is quite relevant, since the state is currently developing new or improving already developed mechanisms and procedures for compensation for losses (damages) that were caused as a result of the introduction of hostilities into the territory of business entities or and temporary occupation of the territory where these subjects are located. For the purpose of documentary confirmation of the fact of destruction, theft and damage to the property of enterprises, a forensic economic examination is conducted, one of the tasks of which is to document the extent of the shortage of goods and material values at enterprises and their structural units. The enterprise must document the results of destruction, damage, theft of property. For this purpose, appropriate entries are made in the accounting and reporting documents, and at the same stage it is essential to carry out an inventory, since the way to check the actual availability of the company's property is to carry out an inventory. Inventory is an independent way of actually controlling the movement of goods and material values and ensuring the reality of accounting data. Conducting research on the lack of goods and material values that were the result of military (combat) actions is a rather painstaking, responsible process that requires a forensic expert to carefully study both regulatory and legal acts with a check of their validity at the time of the inventory, as well as accounting and reporting documents.

RISK AUDIT IN COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS

The purpose of the research is to analyze and distinguish certain types of risks that all commercial organizations are exposed to without exception. The methodology of the research - during the research, various methods of analysis were used: comparison, grouping, expert evaluation methods, etc. The results of the research - as a result of the study, for any risk factor, it is necessary to determine the probability of its manifestation, the nature of the impact (loss or profit) on the results of the organization's activity. The practical importance of the research - currently, commercial organizations in the republic must submit an auditor's opinion once a year. The proposed methods and tools can be used by all commercial organizations and entrepreneurs. The originality and scientific novelty of the research - in addition to external auditors, with the aim of increasing the role of state auditors, conducting and studying the records of operating state enterprises subject to state regulation or taxation, as well as private enterprises or individuals. The scope of the information provided or the rules for providing a qualified opinion, which implies that the audited company does not comply with GAAP Accounting principles, have been investigated.

NEXUS BETWEEN PUBLIC DEBT AND NIGERIA ECONOMY

The research work evaluated the impact of public debt on Nigeria economy. The major problem that led to this study was how Nigeria has been borrowing continually without a corresponding increase in the Economic growth and development. Nigeria has been trapped in debt servicing that has taken a greater percentage in our National Budget. The specific objectives of this study are: To evaluate the effect of public debt on Nigeria economy growth. To ascertain the effect of domestic debt on Nigeria economy growth. To examine the effect of external debt on Nigeria economy growth. This research work was anchored on Richardo theory of public debt which suggests that to finance public expenditure appropriately, there must be an external source of fund. Being an ex post facto research design, data was collected from secondary source i.e world bank, ministry of finance, central bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin report. SPSS was used in running the analysis. The findings of this study are: Public debt has positive and significant relationship on Nigeria economy growth, Domestic debt has no significant impact on Nigeria economy growth, External debt does not have significant effect on Nigeria economy growth. The study recommended amongst others, that the government should look more better ways of generating funds apart from borrowing. In the aspect of domestic debt, that the government should make use of our local institutions more than meeting private individuals. In the aspect of external debt, that the government should reduce the way the source money externally because the duties of servicing debt is more tedious than the main loan itself.

ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ АРХІТЕКТУРНОГО ВІДДІЛУ ОДЕСЬКОГО ВІДДІЛЕННЯ ІМПЕРАТОРСЬКОГО РОСІЙСЬКОГО ТЕХНІЧНОГО ТОВАРИСТВА У ДРУГІЙ ПОЛОВИНІ ХІХ – НА ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТ.

The article analyzes the process of creation and operation of the architectural department of the Odesa branch of the Imperial Russian Technical Society (OBIRTS). It has been determined that in 1864, one of the first technical societies in the Russian Empire, the Odesa Society of Engineers, Technicians, and Architects, was established in Odesa. This society became the basis for the organization of the regional branch of the Russian Technical Society in 1871, and Odesa architects were able to create a separate architecture department within the OBIRTS. The aim of the article is to study and highlight the process of the origin, development and functioning of the architecture department of the OBIRTS and its role in the social and cultural life of the city of Odesa and the Southern Region of Ukraine. The source base of this scientific article consists of archival and printed materials. The principles of objectivity, historicism and systematicity, using general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization in the unity of logical and historical aspects, the study of phenomena in specific-historical conditions, the transition from the particular to the abstract, and from the abstract to the particular using general scientific methods have become the methodological foundation of the research. Scientific novelty of the publication. One of the most extensive projects of organizing scientific and technical activities of the architects of the city of Odesa in the second half of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, their contribution to the creation of a voluntary public society of professional orientation, ensuring its functioning, which contributed to convergence of science and practical activity, interaction with government institutions, city administrations, and private individuals aiming to properly organize urban development have been studied for the first time. The role of the members of the architecture department of the OBIRTS in creating significant landmarks in the city of Odesa is determined. Conclusions. The activity of the architects of the city of Odesa during the second half of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, which showed significant engagement in the professional organization of their activity, demonstrated the formation of the scientific and technical intelligentsia in Ukraine, which became the driving force of modernization transformations. The creation of a separate architecture department within the OBIRTS played a significant role in engaging professionals to solve the important scientific and practical problems related to the development of the city of Odesa and the Southern Region.

Благотворительная помощь пострадавшим в ходе Первой мировой войны: примеры общественно-государственного сотрудничества

Introduction. In the context of Russia’s frequent involvement in military conflicts, the authorities naturally needed any help, both within the ongoing hostilities and in overcoming their consequences, and therefore not only did not refuse public charitable assistance in this area, but also encouraged and cofinanced it in every possible way. Materials and methods. The approach chosen in this work is focused on the methodological thesis proposed by the famous researcher of the history of domestic charity G. N. Ulyanova about the need to consider the term “charity” rather conditional in relation to the activities of public organizations during the First World War due to the observed symbiosis of “authority and society in the sphere of providing assistance.” Which forced us to pay special attention to the structuralfunctional method of research in following the principles of historicism, a social approach to the study of history, objectivity and a comprehensive study of the problem. The sources involved in the analysis were documents from archival funds and previously unstudied regulatory and information-statistical materials on the problems and history of the activities of the state and society in the field of organizing and providing assistance to war victims. Analysis. The article examines the actions of the authorities, which complemented their efforts to help those affected by the war by attracting private assistance. With the outbreak of the war, members of the imperial family initiated and took part in the work of semi-state and semi-public charitable organizations. The state contribution was determined by financing, while the public contribution – by the voluntary participation of private individuals. The coordinating body was the Supreme Council for Charity of the Families of Persons Called up to the War, as well as the Families of Wounded and Fallen Soldiers, headed by Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. At the regional level, Committees were established to assist soldiers affected by the war. Results. The study concluded that the establishment of “private law” societies specializing in charitable assistance became the most common type of practice in the field of public charitable initiatives during the period under study. Organizing the rehabilitation of wounded soldiers in special shelters and returning them to work through training and introducing them to professions adequate to their capabilities, as well as organizing their employment, constituted a significant segment of public charitable assistance to war victims.

ECONOMIC FEATURES OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT: GLOBAL TRENDS AND DOMESTIC EXPERIENCE OF THE PRE-WAR PERIOD

In the conditions of globalization, the development of the knowledge economy, and the digitalization of all spheres of activity, the most effective form of cooperation between the state and business entities - business and private individuals in the field of education and science, and the way of financing educational and scientific projects is the public-private partnership (PPP).The development and implementation of effective mechanisms for the interaction of the state, science, and business on the basis of PPP, which would correspond to modern conditions, the search for effective forms and tools for financing PPP projects is an urgent task today.The analysis carried out in the article made it possible to single out 5 main trends in the development of PPPs (quantitative growth of PPPs in the world and in the EU; diversification of the PPP market by countries and sectors of the economy; infrastructural orientation of PPPs; state support of a certain type of PPPs either in a certain industry or in a certain direction; development PPP in the innovative sphere), which made it possible to reach a conclusion in the process of generalization about the areas in which PPP was concentrated in Ukraine. On the basis of the statistical data, the article identifies the main areas of concentration of PPP projects in Ukraine in the pre-war period.Considering the multi-component nature of PPP goals, the scientific work summarizes and details the scenarios of the activation of PPP relations in Ukraine (budgetary and financial, resource, innovation, and investment).

Development and Dissemination of the kkiumipsa Technique in late Chosŏn, Focusing on Copper Crafts

This paper studies the development of the kkiumipsa technique used on copper crafts, focusing on the types of the technique, materials, and the cultural consumption of the crafted items. The surviving artifacts and Intangible Cultural Heritage also provide information on the history of kkiumipsa in the Chosŏn period. kkiumipsa is a representational example that demonstrate how a traditional craft technique can be transmitted, transformed, and disseminated while reflecting contemporary social environment. This study is significant in understanding how the socio-cultural circumstances affect the way craftworks are consumed, and in appreciating the evolvement of traditional ways that are critical in transmission and improvement of craft techniques. The surviving artifacts show that two types of kkiumipsa technique were used in Chosŏn, one passed down from the Koryŏ period, and the other developed in the late Chosŏn period. The first technique, type I, was mainly employed for silver inlay items that were used by the royal family, private individuals, and Buddhist temples. As not only silver, but different materials of copper alloy such as black copper, nickel copper, and brass were considered precious, they were also used for embellishments. The type II uses heat and soldering to apply the inlay technique on narrow or thin surfaces of copper craftworks, for example, tobacco pipes, acupuncture needle cases, and columns of candlesticks. The use of the inlay technique on these items show that it was a part of the everyday life. The history of copper pipe making artisans (paektong yŏngjuk chang) and the inlay technique that they preserve, show that it was popularly used since the mid- to latenineteenth century at the latest.

ASSESSING CREDIT RISK AND LENDING PATTERNS IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING SECTOR

This article aimed to assess credit risk and lending patterns in the Nigerian banking sector. It collected secondary data in yearly time series from 2007 to 2020 to analyze nonperforming loans, liquid reserves to asset ratio, capital-to-asset ratio, domestic credit, and exchange rate and their effects on the Nigerian lending rate. The constructed and analyzed model was estimated via the least square technique to achieve its goals. The findings of this research reveal a beneficiary influence of nonperforming loans, capital-to-asset ratio, and the exchange rate on the bank lending rate. While liquid reserves to asset ratio and domestic credit exhibit inverse relation with the lending rate. Hence, the relationship between nonperforming loans, liquid reserves to asset ratio and domestic credit are statistically significant with the lending rate. Capital-to-asset ratio and exchange rate exhibit an insignificant correlation with the lending rate. The research suggests that private individuals and business entities should exercise caution when taking out loans and ensure that the total amount borrowed is sufficient to cover all of their needs. Banks must use caution when making loans; the prime motive for lending money should not be merely to make a profit. Credit risk is considered substantial; banks need to lower the nonperforming loan portfolio, and by this, both banks and their clients will experience great benefits.

THE PRINCIPLE OF AD COELOM IN RESPECT TO THE LOW-ALTITUDE AIRSPACE FOR THE COMMERCIAL UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVs) IN MALAYSIA

The development and innovation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones especially in the commercial arena are predicted to give a positive impact on socio-economic growth in Malaysia. Malaysia has been chosen in this discussion to evaluate the development of UAV laws and initiatives by Malaysia's Civil Aviation Authority to uphold commercial UAVs in line with the International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) mission to provide the fundamental international regulatory framework through Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPS) in addressing UAVs. Nevertheless, the existing laws in Malaysia regarding the right of way and right to use low-altitude airspace did not offer much for commercial UAVs due to the ad coelom principle. The right to use airspace for commercial UAVs shall be the first and major concern in moulding the UAV laws. This article is aimed to analyse and evaluate the relationship of the ad coelom principle with the laws available in Malaysia which might honour the right to low-altitude airspace for commercial UAVs. This article adopts doctrinal research by referring to the available laws and regulations in Malaysia to see the integration of the ad coelom principle with the right of way and right to low-altitude airspace for commercial UAVs. The concept of ‘avigation easement’, ‘drone corridor’, and ‘drone-port’ could be the best solutions in determining the right of ways for commercial UAVs to reflect the ad coelom principle. Therefore, the Civil Aviation Authority of Malaysia (CAAM), the Federal government, all States, municipal councils, and private individuals shall be ready to draw zoning of airspace horizontally or vertically without neglecting public rights and breaching other laws. This is to realize the CAAM mission for the integration of Air Traffic Control (ATC) in controlling the navigable airspace of manned aircraft which is to be extended to the UAVs by the year 2035.

PROBLEMS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COUNTRIES IN TRANSITION

The economic development of countries in transition has gone through different stages, being accompanied by social, economic and environmental problems. The transition to the market economy has been accompanied by the reorganization of the sectors of the economy as a whole. New opportunities to develop free private enterprise significantly increased the participation of various private entities and individuals in the economy, contributing to the birth of the private sector. Even Albania, as one of the countries in transition, after the 1990s, has experienced some specific situations regarding the economic development of various sectors, accompanied by the effects on society and the environment. Deep and comprehensive economic analyzes of the transition period have been carried out periodically by individuals, researchers and various institutions related to economic developments, which have served to recognize the realities, take measures and design the necessary development policies economic of the country. In these conditions, sustainable development has been seen by many researchers as the optimal solution for overcoming problems, both in developed countries and in developing countries. In the framework of this development, various authors deal with appropriate models, which are based on the selection of appropriate sectors to achieve sustainable economic growth through care for the triangle, economy-society-environment. The positive effects will come after facing several challenges related not only to the environment, but also to employment and the problems of effective management of the territory.

Hydrogen H2 Is the Solution to Global Overheating—But It Still Takes Time

Purpose: In the overall context of global overheating (belittling it as “climate change”), hydrogen H2 is the core of the solution to be sought. Although this is recognized in professional circles and now even by most politicians, progress towards the global hydrogen economy is still small and progress is too slow.Design/methodology/approach: The goal was to find out why the implementation towards the acceptance and implementation of H2 in the application, mainly in Germany, is progressing much too slowly. Germany stands here as an example for most industrialized countries.Findings: Most people have understood that anthropogenic global overheating can only be solved by new technologies (which cost money, time and behavioral changes) in production and application. Hydrogen H2 seems to be an essential part of the desired solution. Nevertheless, the state, economy and society are slowing down, or at least hurdles are being built up that contribute to a slowdown in implementation.Affected countries: The situation described here, which is largely based on Germany, should be relatively easy to transfer to most EU countries because the situation there is comparable or at least similar. Research/Future/Practical Implications: Yes, there are various hurdles to introducing hydrogen H2. Responsible ministers and heads of government may not want too many changes too quickly themselves, the economy sees it as an immense cost factor (not to mention technical changes) and private individuals act according to their own motivation factors. Finally, it can be assumed that the possibility of making money using H2 applications can be the fastest accelerator in the introduction of H2. This can then be achieved using simple “out-of-the-box” solutions.Originality/value: Currently there are practically no scientific books on the use or rejection of e-mobility. Therefore, only current surveys, market quantities and obvious behaviors of users and challenges can be described here.

Stamps of the Legio V Macedonica from Potaissa. The old collections of the Turda History Museum

The tegular material produced by the Fifth Macedonian Legion during its stationing at Potaissa (Turda, Cluj County) is stamped with a wide variety of signacula containing the name of the legion in abbreviated form. In order to establish the complete repertory of signacula and to verify the old typologies we have taken up the old finds that have entered into the collections of the Turda History Museum before the beginning of the systematic excavations in the fortress of the Fifth Macedonian Legion in 1971. We are thus able to identify some of the stamps previously located in the István Téglás collection, but also a series of stamps resulting from Ioan Țigăra’s investigations in Turda and its surroundings or acquired by the Turda Museum from various private individuals. In the following, we want to present them as archaeological artifacts, integrating them into the already created typology and emphasizing the importance of new variants.

‘With a little social support … ’: assessing the moderating effect of social support on risk factors and mental well-being among youth

ABSTRACT The mental well-being of youth is influenced by life events, which affects mental health in adulthood. Social support has been shown to have a buffering effect on the impact such events may have on mental health. This research aimed to explore the effect social support has on risk factors, such as youth delinquency and discrimination from private individuals and authorities and how these influence mental well-being. Drawing on data from a study of Norwegian youth and young adults (n = 2588), gender, trust in others and parents’ background positively influenced mental well-being. Use of alcohol, cannabis and experiences of discrimination negatively influenced mental well-being. Social support moderated these negative effects to various degrees. The findings can be applied to targeted social work interventions aiming to strengthen youths’ well-being and ability to cope with life struggles. Social workers have a strong ally in the youths’ network, and the youths themselves should be key players in selecting their supporters.