Priority Points Research Articles

A Study on Improvement of Korean Music Performance: Using Kano-Timko Model and Potential Customer Satisfaction Improvement Index

국악공연은 타 공연예술 장르와 비교하여 낮은 유료관객 비중, 관람객 연령대의 편중 등 여러 가지 문제점을 나타내고 있다. 선행연구들에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서는 소비자에 대한 분석이 필요함을 지적하였지만, 주로 일원적 차원에서 공연 서비스 품질이 관람 만족에 미치는 영향을 파악하는데 머물렀다. 그러나 소비자들의 기대를 충족시키기 위해서는 소비자의 만족 요인을 파악하는 것뿐만 아니라, 공연 이전에 서비스 실패가 발생할 수 있는 요인들을 파악하여 대응방안을 마련하고 지속적으로 관리해나가는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 Kano-Timko 모형을 이용하여 국악공연 서비스 품질요인을 분류하고, 잠재적 고객만족지수를 통해 국악공연의 서비스 실패 지점을 확인하고 우선 개선순위를 파악하였다. 연구 결과, 국악공연의 출연진 실력, 작품 완성도, 직원의 친절함에서 서비스 실패가 발생하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 국악공연기관 및 단체가 국악공연에서 발생하고 있는 서비스 실패에 대한 사전적 대응방안을 마련하고, 고객의 만족을 이끌어 내기 위한 효과적인 운영 전략을 수립할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 서비스 실패의 개념을 적용하여 일원적 차원에서만 파악되었던 공연 서비스 품질을 Kano모형을 바탕으로 분류하고자 했다는 점에서 학문적 의의가 있을 것이다.Many Korean traditional music such as Jongmyo Jeryeak and Pansori are listed as UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage and are recognized for their value. However, compared to other genres, Korean traditional music shows various problems such as low proportion of paying audiences and bias of audience age. Previous studies in the performing arts point out that in order to solve these problems, it is necessary to analyze consumers. Existing previous studies on the Korean traditional music performance remained mainly to grasp the influence of performance quality of service on viewing satisfaction at the one-dimensional level. However, in order to meet consumer expectations, not only the satisfaction factor but also the reasons why performing art consumers do not consume performances. In addition, it is important to identify the factors that can cause service failure before the performance, to prepare countermeasures and to manage them continuously. In this study, the Kano-Timko model was used to classify the quality factors of Korean traditional music performances, and to identify the priority points of service failures of Korean traditional music performances through the potential customer satisfaction index. Through the results of this study, Korean traditional performing organizations and organizations will be able to prepare proactive countermeasures for service failures occurring in Korean traditional music performances and establish effective operational strategies to derive customer satisfaction. In addition, it is important to apply the concept of service failure in order to classify the performance quality of service that was identified only in a one-dimensional manner based on Kano model.

Prioritizing the actions to be undertaken in health and safety at work: case study region of Tiaret

PurposeThis paper aims to clarify how is a project managed and how are its objectives achieved? In this manner, prioritize the points to be treated, the tasks to be performed and the solutions to be applied in a given space of time. From now onward, each stakeholder has its own requirements and expectations. Yet, in the end, you have no choice but to list the priority points. Moreover, note that each company, each service and each team is unique. As well as each individual is equally important.Design/methodology/approachAgile approaches, especially the MoSCoW method, were used. This tool is very practical and very simple to implement to set priorities for the actions to be performed. Selecting a tool that is easy to understand and easy to use has the advantage of helping to build consensus around prioritizing requirements, particularly in health and safety at work or even to establish a culture of safety at the workplace. This positive corporate culture is at the heart of sustainable development and the success of occupational health and safety institutions.FindingsTherefore, with 51,500 work accidents recorded in 2016, it seems essential to know how to adapt and give one’s management style to one’s environment. Its the key to success! To reach these objectives, the progress of the manager is to supervise his collaborators. For this, it is necessary to know how to make choices, make decisions, ideally the right ones. It is much less common to list the features that are unwanted to be integrated. Thinking in this manner makes it possible to approach the project from a different perspective; thus, it makes it possible to obtain a much more targeted list of tasks and requirements compared with a more traditional method, i.e., the results of this work.Originality/valueCapacity to know how to make choices, make decisions, ideally the right ones, especially in health and safety at work. On the other hand, it is not possible to deal with everything in a project. The manager, with a very simple tool easy to implement, manages to supervise his employees and achieving these goals in the company and obtain a list of tasks and requirements much more targeted compared to a more traditional method.

Join the Lone Kidney Club: incentivising live organ donation

Given the dramatic shortage of transplantable organs, demand cannot be met by established and envisioned organ procurement policies targeting postmortem donation. Live organ donation (LOD) is a medically attractive option,...

Análise ambiental de nascentes no perímetro urbano de Soledade (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil)

A degradação ambiental é um problema que se intensifica a cada ano sendo que um dos principais resultados é a redução de água potável disponível para consumo humano. A preservação das nascentes é de extrema importância para a recarga dos aquíferos e para garantia da quantidade e da qualidade da água disponível. Este trabalho teve como objetivo mapear e analisar a situação ambiental de nascentes no perímetro urbano de Soledade (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil), por meio de imagens de satélites, sistemas de informações geográficas, e visitação in loco para a realização do diagnóstico ambiental. Utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa-ação. Para o mapeamento das nascentes foram usados o Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIGs) e o software de geoprocessamento ArcGis. Todas as nascentes foram visitadas e a análise ambiental levou em consideração os critérios: tipo de nascente, grau de conservação, proximidade com residências, acesso antrópico, presença de animais domésticos e de resíduos sólidos. Foram identificadas 31 nascentes, sendo 18 classificadas como degradadas, 10 como perturbadas, duas (2) estavam canalizadas e apenas uma (1) preservada. A ausência de vegetação, o depósito irregular de resíduos sólidos, o cultivo de espécies exóticas (eucalipto), a proximidade de residências, o uso das nascentes para dessedentação animal, a proximidade de lavouras e de rodovias, o aterramento e a canalização de nascentes para loteamento foram os principais fatores de impacto as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP) das nascentes. Vale lembrar que a água é considerada pela ONU como um dos pontos prioritários para garantir o desenvolvimento sustentável, sendo o suprimento potável e a quantidade adequada de água um recurso chave para a garantia do desenvolvimento social e econômico. Sendo assim este estudo recomenda que a municipalidade de Soledade invista em ações de educação ambiental e capacitação dos gestores; priorize a definição de políticas públicas que promovam e incentivem a preservação das áreas de nascentes e, ao mesmo tempo adote medidas para recuperação das APPs. Recomenda-se ainda que os dados aqui apresentados sejam como subsídios para o planejamento da expansão urbana por meio da definição de áreas passíveis de ocupação e delimitação das áreas de preservação ambiental. Além de uma economia gerada a médio e longo prazo ao garantir água potável com menor necessidade de tratamento o município estaria contribuindo com a Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável e se posicionando a frente de outras municipalidades que ainda não realizam ações voltadas para este objetivo.

Fine-scale determinants of vertebrate roadkills across a biodiversity hotspot in Southern Spain

An increasing number of wildlife-vehicle collisions occur each year worldwide, which involves extensive economic costs and constitutes one of the main anthropogenic causes of animal mortality. Because of this, there is an urgent need to identify the factors leading to collision hotspots and thus implementing effective mitigation measures. By using a stratified random sampling survey, we investigated the fine-scale determinants of roadkill probability in small and medium-sized birds and mammals across a country-size region of Southern Spain, Andalusia (87,000 km2), located within a global biodiversity hotspot. During two consecutive seasons, we regularly surveyed 45 road transects of 10 km each and characterized the site-specific attributes of both roadkill and random points, including traffic density, road design (embankments, medians, fences, roadside vegetation and distance to curves), and adjacent landscape matrix. Based on this information, we investigated variation in collision risk according to landscape and road features, and the life history of the affected taxa. Mortality rates of mammals and birds increased with traffic density, and were also significantly affected by the distance to the nearest curve, slope of embankments, height of roadside vegetation, and land use adjacent to roads. Road mortality of both birds and mammals was related to the presence and typology of fences and center medians, so more densely vegetated medians and smaller mesh sizes reduced roadkill probability. Overall, our results indicate that roadkill risk may vary at exceedingly small spatial scales. The information provided by this extensive survey may be used to identify taxa-specific factors associated to roadkill risk and priority points for action. Our findings will therefore be relevant for the design of safer roads for both drivers and wildlife through the application of effective mitigation measures.

UN Binding Treaty for Transnational Corporations on Human Rights

24 | International Union Rights | 26/4 ANALYSIS | UN BINDING TREATY DRAFT The Draft Treaty is taking clear shape and this is a key time for trade unionists to continue to engage with technical legal aspects of the drafting In July 2019, the ‘Revised Draft of the Legally Binding Instrument’ was released from the UN Human Rights Council’s Working Group on Business and Human Rights, updating the so-called ‘Zero Draft’ of July 2018. Many welcomed the new draft as a step forward, but others were quick to seize upon a number of ambiguities and puzzling choices that seem to depart from the broad consensus of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs). The document now has a coherent shape and focus, but fails to produce clarity on a number of technical legal points. These must be addressed if the Draft is to create a meaningful international standard. The following represent my own views (broadly starting with the highest priority points, moving towards those that are either less urgent or viable) on which changes trade unionists should consider pushing for in the Draft. Due diligence and stakeholder issues The continuing move towards a legally mandated form of binding due diligence can be welcomed by unions. It promises opportunities for participation and engagement, and is the only mechanism that seeks to avoid and prevent harm, rather than merely compensate for harm that has occurred. It is built upon the idea of voluntary due diligence that was central to the UNGPs. It is understood by and – more or less – supported by significant sections of the business community, at least to a degree. Properly mapped out, binding due diligence holds the potential to improve corporate planning so as to identify and avoid risks, improve communication with stakeholders, and to establish better participation for all affected by corporate activities (notably, of course, those working in their supply chains). It also backs this up with real accountability for failures to identify and avoid risks. Crucial to effective due diligence, however, are requirements for stakeholder involvement in corporate planning. Trade unionists should consider calling for the following improvements: • Groups identified as ‘at risk’ should include trade unions (Articles 5(3)b and 14(4)). • Groups identified as ‘to be consulted’ should include trade unions (Article 5(3)b). • The form that Article 5(3)b consultation takes should be better defined so as to give stakeholders a genuine opportunity to influence decision-making. • The outcomes of consultation do not have a mechanism requiring that they be integrated into due diligence planning. This is in contrast to the outcomes of impact assessments, which are specifically integrated into due diligence planning under Article 5(3)a. An equivalent link placing consultation outcomes at least on a par with impact assessment outcomes should be established. • There should be an explicit link between Article 5 due diligence for parent companies and Article 6 legal liability concerning harm arising as a result of due diligence failures (discussed further below). • There should be a clear statement under Article 5 (and therefore linked also to Article 6(6)) to the effect that parent companies should not be able to divest themselves of due diligence obligations by simply outsourcing that responsibility to a third party monitor or by paying little or no attention to their supply chains. Liability, jurisdiction, and applicable law Victims of harm need access to courts and judicial processes, and effective remedies must be available that are appropriate and commensurate to the harm suffered. The latest Draft does give a useful framework around which to discuss what liability might look like under the Treaty, but there are surprising gaps and a lack of clarity concerning how and in what circumstances parent company liability towards victims overseas might arise. Changes in the following areas ought to be investigated: • Article 6(6) outlines a civil liability track for victims. It covers situations where one company is controlled or supervised by another, and (in the alternative) also situations where a company should foresee or should have foreseen harm caused by a company with which it has a ‘contractual relationship’. This second strand of liability seems to arise where the parent company...

The Effect of Regional Priority Points on the Performance of LEED 2009 Certified Buildings in Turkey, Spain, and Italy

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) has five basic categories: Sustainable sites (SS), Water Efficiency (WE), Energy and Atmosphere (EA), Materials and Resources (MR), and Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ). Additionally, in LEED 2009, the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) introduced regional priority (RP) points to adapt LEED to the local conditions of foreign countries. However, the appropriateness of the RP points stated for the Mediterranean basin has not yet been evaluated. Thus, we studied the similarities and differences in performances of LEED 2009 Commercial Interiors (CI) and LEED 2009 Core and Shell Development (C&S) Gold certified projects in Turkey, Spain, and Italy. We revealed that the categories without RP points, SS, MR, and EQ, performed similarly in all three countries, thereby signaling the correctness of CI and C&S applications in the Mediterranean basin. However, the categories with RP points, WE and EA, performed differently. It can be suggested that the following RP points would be beneficial for all three countries: (i) in the MR category, RP points that initiate decreases in virgin construction material; (ii) in the WE category, RP points that encourage water saving; and (iii) in the EA category, RP points that encourage using renewable energies.

P114 Does HLA-DR matching prevent formation of de novo anti-donor HLA-DQ antibodies?

Aim Donor specific antibodies (DSA) directed to mismatched HLA-DQB antigens are the most prevalent DSA after transplantation. Such DSA have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic antibody mediated rejection and graft loss. Currently, patients listed for deceased donor kidney transplantation receive priority points for each HLA-DR, but not DQ, matched with their donor. We aimed to determine whether HLA-DR matching impacts the formation of DQB DSA. Methods Our study population included 567 patients without pre-transplant DSA who received kidney transplantation from Jan 1st 2009 to Dec 31st 2014. HLA typing of recipients and donors was performed by SSO/SSP. Pre- and post-transplant testing of anti-HLA antibodies was performed using solid phase assay (One Lambda). Prospective T and B cell crossmatches were performed in all cases by flow cytometry. Results Out of 567 patients, 72 (13%) had zero, 215 (38%) had one and 280 (49%) had two DR mismatches (mm) with their respective donor. Overall, during the follow-up interval (median 4.6 years), 92 (16%) patients developed DSA. Twenty-four patients (4%) developed class I DSA, 44 (8%) had cl II DSA and 24 (4%) had cl I and II DSA. Among patients with zero HLA-DR mismatches, only 9% developed DSA. These DSA were directed to the mismatched HLA class I antigens and, in only one case, to a mismatched DQB antigen. The percent of patients who developed DSA was significantly higher in the groups with 1 or 2 DR mm, namely 19% and 14%, respectively (p = 0.0002) The highest number of DQB DSA was observed in the group with 1 DR mm (Table 1). Conclusions Our results indicate that zero HLA-DR mm represents an acceptable surrogate for the absence of de novo DQB DSA. We suggest that the number of priority points received by patients with zero HLA-DR mm should be increased. This may limit the number of patients who develop de novo DQB DSA, resulting in improved transplant outcomes. No additional points are warranted for a single DR match, which does not appear to have any protective effect.

Israel\u2019s 2008 Organ Transplant Law: continued ethical challenges to the priority points model

In 2008, responding to a widening gap between need and availability of transplant organs, Israel’s Ministry of Health adopted a program of incentivized cadaveric organ donation. The Organ Transplant Law rewards individuals with prioritized access to organs on the condition that they participate in procurement efforts. Priority is awarded in the form of additional points allocated to the individual’s organ recipient profile. Although Israel has experienced moderate gains in the years since the law’s implementation, these have not been sufficient to satisfy the demand. Furthermore, the law faces logistical and ethical challenges. These challenges could potentially be resolved by shifting the organ procurement default to routine retrieval rather than the current default of presumed refusal to organ retrieval.This paper examines philosophical and practical challenges to the priority points policy and weighs whether Israel should consider an alternative policy of routine retrieval of transplant organs with the option to opt out of the donor pool.

Fertirrigation with sugarcane vinasse: Foreseeing potential impacts on soil and water resources through vinasse characterization

ABSTRACTThis paper reports the characterization of the polluting potential of sugarcane vinasse, the main wastewater from ethanol production. Compositional data from vinasse samples collected from sugarcane biorefineries were used to predict negative effects on the soil, water resources and crops potentially associated with fertirrigation, the primary final destination of vinasse in Brazil. High risks of soil salinization were associated with the land disposal of vinasse, as evidenced by the high levels of total dissolved solids (TDS; >4,000 mg L−1) and electrical conductivity (>6.7 dS m−1). The high TDS levels coupled with the high biodegradable organic content of vinasse (>14 g L−1) also favor organic overloading events, leading to local anaerobiosis conditions. Conversely, soil sodification should not be observed in areas fertirrigated with sugarcane vinasse, given the low Na concentrations (<66 mg L−1) relative to Mg (>145.1 mg L−1) and Ca (>458.4 mg L−1) levels. Priority pollutants (Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn) and phytotoxic elements (Al and Fe) were also found in the analyzed samples; however, relevant environmental impacts should not be associated with these particular constituents. Overall, the relatively simple methodology used herein could efficiently replace massive field data collection to provide a basic understanding of the fate of vinasse in the environment in order to highlight the priority points to be considered in the management of this effluent. In summary, the prompt implementation of treatment plants in distilleries, in addition to a continuous and broad compositional characterization of vinasse, is essential to guarantee its adequate reuse.

A Comparison of DSM-IV and international expert consensus diagnostic criteria for N.M.S

IntroductionNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) requires prompt recognition for effective management, but there are no established diagnostic criteria.ObjectivesTo validate the recently published international expert consensus (IEC) diagnostic criteria for NMS, which assign priority points based on the relative importance of each criterion for diagnosing NMS.AimsDetermine optimal diagnostic cutoff for priority point score.MethodsData were extracted from 221 archived telephone contact reports of clinician-initiated calls to a national telephone consultation service from 1997–2009; each case was given a total priority point score based on the IEC criteria. DSM-IV-TR research criteria, in original form and modified to accept less than ‘severe’ rigidity, served as the primary diagnostic reference standard. Consultants’ diagnoses served as an additional reference standard. The optimal priority point cutoff score was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsArea under the ROC curve ranged from 0.715 (95% CI = 0.645–0.785, P &lt; 0.001) for consultant diagnoses to 0.857 (95% CI = 0.808–0.907, P &lt; 0.001) for modified DSM-IV-TR criteria. The latter was associated with 69.6% sensitivity and 90.7% specificity.ConclusionsAgreement was best between IEC criteria with a cutoff score of 74 and modified DSM-IV-TR criteria (sensitivity 69.6%, specificity 90.7%); this cutoff score demonstrated the highest agreement in all comparisons. Consultant diagnoses showed much better agreement with modified, compared to original, DSM-IV-TR criteria, suggesting that the DSM-IV-TR criterion of “severe” rigidity may be more restrictive than what most knowledgeable clinicians use in practice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A Validation Study of the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome requires prompt recognition for effective management, but there are no established diagnostic criteria. This is the first validation study of recently published international expert consensus (IEC) diagnostic criteria, which include priority points assigned on the basis of the importance of each criterion for making a diagnosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Data were extracted from 221 archived telephone contact reports of clinician-initiated calls to a national telephone consultation service from 1997 to 2009; each case was given a total priority point score on the basis of the IEC criteria. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, (DSM-IV-TR) research criteria, in original form and modified to accept less than "severe" rigidity, served as the primary diagnostic reference standard. Consultants' diagnostic impressions were used as a secondary reference standard. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to optimize the priority point cutoff score with respect to the reference standards. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.715 (95% confidence interval, 0.645-0.785; P = 1.62 × 10) for consultant diagnoses to 0.857 (95% confidence interval, 0.808-0.907; P < 5 × 10) for modified DSM-IV-TR criteria. The latter was associated with 69.6% sensitivity and 90.7% specificity. Agreement was best between IEC criteria with a cutoff score of 74 and modified DSM-IV-TR criteria (sensitivity, 69.6%; specificity, 90.7%); this cutoff score demonstrated the highest agreement in all comparisons. Consultant diagnoses showed much better agreement with modified, compared with original, DSM-IV-TR criteria, suggesting that the DSM-IV-TR criterion of "severe" rigidity may be more restrictive than what most knowledgeable clinicians use in practice.

Predicting Outcomes on the Liver Transplant Waiting List in the United States

The probability of liver transplant and death on the waiting list in the United States varies greatly by donation service area (DSA) due to geographic differences in availability of organs and allocation of priority points, making it difficult for providers to predict likely outcomes after listing. We aimed to develop an online calculator to report outcomes by region and patient characteristics. Using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database, we included all prevalent US adults aged 18 years or older waitlisted for liver transplant, examined on 24 days at least 30 days apart over a 2-year period. Outcomes were determined at intervals of 30 to 365 days. Outcomes are reported by transplant program, DSA, region, and the nation for comparison, and can be shown by allocation or by laboratory model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (6-14, 15-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-40), age, and blood type. Outcomes varied greatly by DSA; for candidates with allocation MELD 25-29, the 25th and 75th percentiles of liver transplant probability were 30% and 67%, respectively, at 90 days. Corresponding percentiles for death or becoming too sick to undergo transplant were 5% and 9%. Outcomes also varied greatly for candidates with and without MELD exception points. The waitlist outcome calculator highlights ongoing disparities in access to liver transplant and may assist providers in understanding and counseling their patients about likely outcomes on the waiting list.

Consultation de renouvellement d’ordonnance en médecine générale : qu’en attendent les patients ?

The incidence of chronic diseases regularly increases thus focusing quality of care as a priority in chronically illness. In 2014, prescription renewal was the first reason of outpatient visit in French general practice. In fact, the follow-up of chronic disease may be somewhat longer and more complex than other standard cares. This work aimed to explore patients' preferences with regard to prescription renewal and its variation according to their own illness profiles. Between June and July 2014, patient perceptions were collected through a self-administered questionnaire addressed to adults from 14French GPs offices. In one month, 307questionnaires were returned. More than two-third patients (69.7%) evaluated the physician intervention as important as for another reason. The prescription was essential or very important for 70%. Priority points were those related to share therapeutic options with the physician and to obtain more information on their own illness. Older were more seeking for information on symptoms and disease than younger (OR=1.14 [1.03-1.23]). Patients are dealing with their own monitoring of chronic diseases. They expect more information and they look for shared decisions. The term "renewal" does not match their expectations thus leading against patient preference: we advocate substituting it to "prescription revaluation".

Estimating Waiting Time for Deceased Donor Renal Transplantion in the Era of New Kidney Allocation System.

On December 4, 2014, a new deceased donor kidney allocation system (KAS) was implemented. The KAS was designed to improve organ equity and graft-recipient longevity matching. However, estimated wait-time to deceased donor transplantation is difficult to predict post-KAS. Using the Kidney-Pancreas Simulated Allocation Model software (KPSAM), a program that the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network uses to assess policy proposals, we compared the kidney allocations of both the new (post-KAS) and old policies (pre-KAS) (10 iterations for each group; total N= 204,148) and estimated wait-time based on blood type, duration of dialysis exposure, and calculated panel-reactive antibody (CPRA). The simulations revealed that estimated median (25(th) and 75(th) percentile) waiting time in transplanted recipients decreased from 2.3 (1.2, 3.8) years in the old allocation to 1.8 (0.8, 3.4) years in the new allocation system. The rate of transplantations performed within the first year of wait-listing increased from 20.7% to 31.3%. The KPSAM resulted in more transplantations in recipients with more than 5 years of dialysis exposure (26.5% to 37.4%), longevity matching (12.2% to 17.5%), blood group B (12.6% to 17.2%), and high CPRA≥98% (1.9% to 4.3%) in post-KAS compared with pre-KAS simulations. Based on the KPSAM results, it was projected that post-KAS wait-time in transplanted recipients might decrease approximately 6 months (22%) across all CPRA categories. It might be related to the KAS awarding waiting time points for prelisting dialysis time and priority points awarded based on CPRA (bolus effect).

Conserving tigers in Malaysia: A science-driven approach for eliciting conservation policy change

The unprecedented economic growth occurring across Southeast Asia is causing large tracts of rainforest to be logged, converted to plantations or fragmented by infrastructure development. It also opens up forest to poachers which, in combination, places acute pressure on the region’s large carnivores. Here, we focus on one of Malaysia’s three priority tiger landscapes that illustrate these regional conservation challenges. The Royal Belum State Park (RBSP) and Temengor Forest Reserve (TFR) are connected by a strip of unprotected forest with portions assigned for conversion to monoculture plantations. To support government in setting aside wildlife corridors, we assessed: the abundance of tiger and principle prey under two different forest management regimes in RBSP and TFR; and, tiger habitat use in the unprotected forest strip, from which a spatially-explicit habitat model was produced to identify priority points of forest connectivity. Camera trapping revealed a threefold higher tiger density in the protected area (RBSP) than the forest reserve subjected to selective logging (TFR), which was likely explained by the higher relative abundance of its principal prey, seemingly lower levels of poaching as indicated from an independent study and presence of armed forces that may have deterred poachers. Two forest corridors were identified as being important for maintaining landscape connectivity and these findings were used to successfully lobby state government in affording them protection. This research offers an urgently needed approach for better managing Malaysian tiger habitat within forest reserves, which are predominantly designated for logging and have weak or non-existent wildlife protection measures.

Туристский потенциал Коломны: аналитический аспект

In modern conditions an important activity in the tourism industry of the Russian Federation is studing tourism markets for domestic tourism, attracting tourist flows in the small towns Russia through the development of new original sightseeing tours and tourist routes, the creation and development of innovative tourism infrastructure.&#x0D; According to the concept of the modern suburbs, great attention is paid to the development of priority points to attract tourists and tourist resources of the most important destinations in the region. In Moscow suburbs, there is a tourist route &amp;#34;Gubernskoe ring Moscow region&amp;#34; and twelve &amp;#34;points of attraction&amp;#34; for tourists – &amp;#34;The 12 pearls Moscow region.&amp;#34;&#x0D; In accordance with the existing tourist resources Kolomna is related to the &amp;#34;South&amp;#34; zone of Moscow region with specialization: cultural, educational, pilgrim, scientific, educational, business and event tourism. Kolomna is one of the oldest cities in the Moscow region, which is included in &amp;#34;Gubernskoe ring Moscow region&amp;#34; and &amp;#34;The 12 pearls suburbs.&amp;#34; Tourism products offered by travel companies in Kolomna, are very diverse: from a stationary rest with a rich excursion program to the programs presented by hunting and fishing tours, hiking trails, extreme and ecological tours with resting in picturesque places.&#x0D; Kolomna has a considerable potential and resources to enhance its attractiveness to tourists, primarily it is a large number of historical monuments. However, to use them in full the necessary measures is to improve the organization of tourist businesses in the city. To this end, should be developed programs of creating urban tourism clusters; and tourism organizations should study the demand and offer new themed tours and excursions, especially given the historical part of the city and the possibilities of its transport infrastructure (particularly water ways).&#x0D;

Практический подход к развитию территории Подмосковья как объекту туристской индустрии

&#x0D; In the tourism and hospitality industry can be distinguished seven tourist service fields: the natural, cultural, historical, event, recreational, mythological, service, anthropological. At the modern tourist industry developing level exists a special opportunity to pick out the new tourist service fields types. Rostourism developed several programs, connected with difference tourist field aspects development. It allows the tourist amount in Russia increasing, in particular, in Moscow region, due to inner tourism developing. In the Moscow region it is possible to develop various types of tourism, such as winter, summer, child, adventure, ethnographic, floristic, ecological, and religious and photo tours. The modern concept of the Moscow region development provides the priority points of tourist attraction and tourist resources of destinations in the region development. In the Moscow suburbs are determined 12 “tourist attraction points”, named &amp;#34;12 pearls suburbs.&amp;#34; The tourist field in Moscow suburb needs a development of such tourist field service parameters like: transport infrastructure; accommodation facilities; catering and trade and ctr. Russian and foreign tourists in the priority points of the Moscow region needs to develop attractive tourist routes, package offers tour programs and excursions. Aimed at the Russian and foreign tourists attraction to the Moscow region priority points, it is necessary to develop the special tourist routes, tourist programs and excursions.&#x0D;

English

&nbsp; The study presents the intent for making levels among buses and its effect on the service provision of Long Distance Buses (LDB) Transport that emanates from Addis Ababa. The methodology focused more on both primary and secondary sources. The primary informants were principally distinguished from the passengers, operators, and key government officials from the transport office include the head of bus terminal and association, and selected experts. In terms of analysis, the qualitative approach was done by using thick description on the issue. The finding prevails that there are remarkable changes that have from the practice of Business Process re-Engineering (BPR) system since 2009. Notable changes are seen in the areas of service provision such as ticketing, getting dispatch, selecting routes, setting fare for the trip, addressing the service to all parts of the nation and others. In the level system, the buses are classified in the sector into three levels: level 1, level 2 and level 3. The study explores that passengers would prefer to make mobility according to their income level to its service quality. The priority points of passengers for intercity mobility lie more on less transport cost than the comfort and facility of buses. Thus, leveling brings a visible change on the overwhelming aspects of the industry. It is recommended that the government should follow and improve existing service provision for it not to be like that of the former. &nbsp; Key words: Industry, leveling, on-journey season, dispatch and long distance bus.

Preferences for the delivery of community pharmacy services to help manage chronic conditions.

To optimize positive outcomes, the design of new pharmacy services should consider the preferences of consumers with chronic condition(s) and their carers. (i) To evaluate the relative importance of community pharmacy service characteristics, from the perspective of consumers with chronic condition(s) and carers; (ii) To compare consumer and carer preferences to health professional beliefs about ideal service characteristics for consumers. A discrete choice experiment was completed by consumers with chronic condition(s) and/or carers (n=602) and health professionals (n=297), recruited from four regions in Australia. Participants were each randomized to one survey version containing four (from a total 72) different choices between two new pharmacy services. Consumer and carer participants were also given an 'opt out' alternative of current service. Each service was described using six attributes related to pharmacy service characteristics: continued medicines supply, continuity and coordinated care, location, medication management, education and information, and cost. Consumers and carers placed highest priority on continued medicines supply by a pharmacist for regular and symptom flare up medicines (100 priority points), a pharmacy located within a 'one-stop' health center (61 points) and home delivery of medicines (52 points). Although continuedmedicines supply was most important for consumers and carers, pharmacy location was perceivedby health professionals to be the most important characteristic for consumers. Participants were less inclined to choose new services if their current pharmacy offered high quality services thatwere person-centered, easy to access and responsive to their needs. Younger, more highly educated and employed participants, and those with established condition(s) were more likely to choose new services. Person-centered care is a fundamental tenet for pharmacy services. The provision of continued medicines supply (e.g. through pharmacist prescribing), convenient and coordinated care delivered through a one stop health centre, and home delivery of medicines, should be prioritized when planning pharmacy services to best assist consumers to manage chronic conditions.