Public Secondary School Principals Research Articles

Organizational communication competence of public secondary school principals through utilizing WhatsApp

Organizational communication competence of public secondary school principals through utilizing WhatsApp

School Plant Management for Effective Teaching Delivery in Senior Secondary Schools in Rivers State

The study examined school plant management for effective teaching delivery in senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The study design was descriptive survey design while the population of the study comprised of 6,657 teacher and 302 principals in public senior secondary schools in River state. The sample consists of 823 respondents (principals and teacher) of government senior secondary schools which representing 12% of the entire population. Three research questions and three corresponding null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A self -structured questionnaire titled “School Plant management for effective teaching delivery questionnaire” with 22 items was used. The instrument was duly validated by two experts from measurement and evaluation and a reliability index of 0.84 was established. The findings of the study revealed typed of school plants in secondary schools, the respondents agreed that inadequate funding, lack of training, overcrowded class room e.t.c., are challenges of utilization school plant. Furthermore, the study revealed that the respondents agreed that all the items listed were the strategies for managing school plants. The study recommended amongst others that government and other stake holders of education should provide adequate school plants for efficiency and effectiveness in the system, stake holders of education should address the various challenges of utilizing school plants and that heads of schools, school personnel and students should be trained and be re-trained on the various strategies of managing school plants.

Institutional and Societal Challenges in the Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Transformation of Senior Secondary Education in Rivers State

The study examined Institutional and Societal Challenges in the Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for transformation of Senior Secondary Education in Rivers State. Three research questions and hypotheses guided the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted with a population of 6859 teachers and principals in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The sample of the study was 823 which represents 12% of the entire population. A 4-point Likert scale self-structured questionnaire titled Societal and Institutional Challenges to the Utilization of Information and Technology for Secondary Education Questionnaire (SICUICTQ) was used for the study. The instrument which was made up of 30 items had its face and the content validity determined by three experts from the Department of measurement and evaluations while the reliability of the instrument was estimated to be 0.89 using Cronbach alpha coefficient. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer all research questions while the z test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level significance. A criterion mean of 2.50 was used as the cut-off mean. Any mean greater than 2.50 was regarded as high extent while mean less than 2.50 was low extent. Findings of the study revealed that the availability of ICT facilities in secondary schools was to a low extent, ICT utilization was to a low extent due to lack of training, funding and that funding challenges affect the utilization of ICT for secondary Education Transformation in Rivers State to a high extent. The study recommended amongst others that for the transformation of the secondary educational system, the government and stakeholders of secondary education should provide ICT facilities in schools as well as look into the challenges of utilizing ICT for enhanced utilization of ICT for secondary education transformation.

The Degree of Availability of Leadership Skills among Public Secondary School Principals in yhe University District / the Capital Amman and its Relationship to the Degree of Improvement in Job Satisfaction

The study aimed to find out the degree of availability of leadership skills among public secondary school principals in improving the level of job jobsatisfaction among employecs. The descriptive correlational methodology was used. A questionnaire was used as atool of the study after ensuring its validity and reliability. The study sample consisted of (414) employees from both seses, in the public secondary schools / the University District for the academic year (2020/2021). They were drawn randomly by using stratified random sample method. The results showed that principals had good leadershipskills, and were in descending order as follows: technical, intellectual, human and administrative skills. As for job satisfaction, satisfaction with wages among secondary school employees was at a moderate degree, and satisfaction with the work environment, leadership and supervision style were at a good degree. There was a strong positive correlation between the leadership skills possessed by the principal and the degree of job satisfaction of employees. The most prominent recommendations were to design and implement training programs for leadership skills and enhance the practical aspects thereof- It also reconsidered the salary scale for teachers and the necessity of developing follow-up of institutional performance through the application of balanced performance (BSC).

Relationship between Principals’ Competencies in Procurement and Performance of Financial Management Roles in Public Secondary Schools in Kajiado County, Kenya

This study investigated the relationship between principals’ procurement competencies and effective performance of financial management roles in public secondary schools in Kajiado County, Kenya. Various education stakeholders had complained about principal’s ineffective performance of procurement roles in public secondary schools in Kajiado County, Kenya as shown through the literature reviewed. Frederick Taylor’s Scientific Management theory guided the study. The study adopted correlational research design. Data collection from principals and bursars was through administration of questionnaires and an interview schedule for school auditors. The target and accessible population was all 160 public secondary school principals, their bursars and 3 school auditors. The study used multi-stage sampling technique to sample 115 public secondary school principals and bursars and all the 3 school auditors. Stratified simple random sampling was used to get proportionate sample from each data stratum. The findings indicated that there was a positive and statistically significant relationship between procurement competencies and principals’ performance of financial management roles (r=0.876**; p<0.01). The study concluded that some principals lacked the necessary procurement competencies to regularly carry out procurement risk management; ensure procurement rules are followed; carry out procurement contract management; enhance supply sustainability and continue use and re-use of vendors; improve supplier relationships; lead in identifying the best products in the market and in deploying technology in performance of procurement role. The study also concluded that some principals were not effective in timely preparation of procurement plans; in following laid down procurement rules and in regularly carrying out procurement risk management; in regularly managing procurement contracts; ensuring supply sustainability and in identifying the best products in the market. The study recommended training, mentoring and coaching of principals to improve their performance on the various identified procurement competency and skills gaps.

ROLE OF ENVIRONMENT & INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES IN PROMOTING ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

The study was conducted to examine the role of environment & instructional strategies in enhancing the English language skills i.e., reading, listening, writing and speaking skills among students in higher secondary schools in the Southern Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The population of this qualitative study constitutes both male and female principals of public sector higher secondary schools. A total of 32 principals, consisting of two males and two females from each district, were selected through convenient sampling technique for in-depth interviews. A semi-structured interview was conducted to explore effect of environment and instructional strategies that influence English language skills. The study reveals that environment is loud and overcrowded and outdated teaching methods are used in public sector schools. Study concludes that a supportive environment and relevant instructional strategies are vital to enhancing students' language skills. The study stresses the need to foster a culture of ongoing improvement in English books, ensuring sustained continuous professional development of teachers’ English language education. Interview results were abridged as narrative summary.

The Effect of Effective Educational Communication on Job Satisfaction of Teachers among Public Secondary School Principals in The Arab Republic of Egypt

The Effect of Effective Educational Communication on Job Satisfaction of Teachers among Public Secondary School Principals in The Arab Republic of Egypt

Comparative Analysis of Principal’s Managerial Practices for Teacher’s Retention in Public and Private Secondary Schools in Anambra State, Nigeria

The seeming teacher turnover in secondary schools in Nigeria necessitated this study on managerial practices of principals for teachers’ retention in public and private secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. Two research questions guided the study, while two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The population of the study comprised 650 principals in the 256 public and 394 private secondary schools in Anambra State. There was no sampling as the entire population was used for the study. A researcher’s developed questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts who are lecturers, two in Educational Measurement and Evaluation, Department of Educational Foundations and the other in Educational Management and Planning, Department of Educational Management and Policy all in the Faculty of Education Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State Nigeria. The Cronbach’s alpha method was used to determine the internal consistency of the items which yielded an overall reliability coefficient of 0.75. The researcher with the help of ten research assistants distributed and successfully collected 490 copies of the questionnaire administered. The research questions were answered using the arithmetic mean while the hypotheses were tested using t-test. It was found among others that principals in public and private secondary schools in Anambra state to a high extent apply managerial practices of collaborative school culture for teachers’ retention. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that principals of public and private secondary schools should provide an avenue for team teaching, peer coaching and formation of study group among teachers towards enhancing teachers’ retention.

School Facilities Maintenance Strategies and Quality Education Delivery in Public Junior Secondary Schools, Lagos State

This study used five assumptions to guide the examination of the techniques for maintaining school infrastructure and providing high-quality education in public junior secondary schools in Lagos State Education District 1. All 42 public junior secondary school principals and teachers in the chosen education district made up the study's population, which used a descriptive and correlational research approach. 216 principals and teachers made up the sample, which was selected using multistage - stratified, simple random, and purposive selection approaches from the sampled 18 schools. A self-constructed questionnaire with two dimensions, one with 20 items on quality education delivery and the other dimension on school facilities maintenance strategies, were used to collect data for the study. For each dimension, the reliability coefficients for this instrument's were found to be 0.77 and 0.79, respectively with a face and content validity being ensured. Person product moment correlation analysis was used as an inferential statistical technique to analyze the data at the 0.05 level of significance. The research findings indicates a noteworthy correlation between preventative maintenance strategy(r = .813; N=216; p< .05), corrective maintenance strategy (r = .786; N=216; p< .05), routine maintenance strategy (r = .765; N=216; p< .05), emergency maintenance strategy (r = .745; N=216; p< .05), remedial maintenance strategy (r = .925; N=216; p< .05) and quality education delivery in Lagos State Education District I. The study thereafter concluded that school facilities maintenance strategies is apparently a major determining factor of quality education delivery in public junior secondary schools in Lagos State Education District I. Thus, the study's recommendations include, among other things, the requirement that maintenance practices and culture be ingrained in everyone and that all parties involved in the education sector bear responsibility for them in order to guarantee the delivery of high-quality education.

Climate Change: A Correlate of Educational Under-Development in Rivers State, Nigeria

The global focus on climate change has been driven by its profound influence on social, economic, educational, technical, and environmental domains. This research investigated the relationship between climatic change and educational under-development in Rivers State, Nigeria. Three objectives and three hypotheses guided this research. The study utilized a correlational survey design. The population included 286 principals of public senior secondary schools and 18,846 senior secondary school students in Rivers State, Nigeria. The research sample consisted of 559 respondents (167 principals and 392 students). The Taro Yamane method was utilized to determine the sample size. The research questions were analyzed using Simple Regression, while hypotheses were analyzed utilizing t-test associated with regression, at a significance level of 0.05. The results indicated a notable correlation between the view of principals and students about the effect of climate change and the educational underdevelopment in secondary schools. Furthermore, climate change substantially influences students’ academic performance in Rivers State, Nigeria. The survey found that the majority of instructors have not received proper orientation on the potential significance of climate change and how to adjust and minimize its influence on teaching and learning. Also, students understand better in the morning hour, which has a tendency to increase their academic performance. The researchers therefore, recommended, amongst others, that classroom lessons or workshop practice should be carried out in the morning and considerably in the evening to enable better student performance; teachers and students should be properly educated on the dangers of climate change and its mitigating measures.

Implementation of the Clean School: Challenges and Prospects in the Far North Region’s Secondary Schools in Cameroon

The implementation of the clean schools remains a global interest in 21st-century secondary schools. To make the world a more sustainable and better place to live in, humanity needs to be able to generate solutions to increasingly complex, and ever-growing challenges in the secondary school setting. Secondary schools encounter day-after-day violence linked happenings students. Violence has caused secondary school unrest, refusal to undertake various activities, sitting in and at other instances, complete damage of institutional assets, and in other instances, death. Other reasons that led to drug abuse included social pressure from the media, frustrations due to poverty, low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, need to relax and overcome boredom, among others. This research sought to develop prevention and intervention strategies for curbing violence in public secondary schools in the Far North Region of Cameroon. The objective of the study is to find out various ways and means used by secondary school management to implement the clean school concept in public secondary schools. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 participants both inspectors, teachers, and principals in public secondary schools. The study indicated that the effects of drug abuse include addiction, violence, and high-risk sexual behavior. To minimize and eliminate violence the school to educate, guide, and counsel the students, and school management should reward staff that promote the clean school implementation. The study recommended that to implement clean schools every category such as parents, teachers, and administrators should be concerned and keep the focus on the things that bring honor and success to them and the school. All staff in the school should give constant and continuous guidance to students.

Impact of Capacity Building Needs of Principals on Administrative Effectiveness in Public Secondary Schools in Benue State

This study looked into how principals’ capacity-building needs affected the efficacy of administration in public secondary schools in the state of Benue. In particular, the study sought to ascertain the influence of principals’ financial management abilities and students’ personnel management skills on the efficacy of administration in public secondary schools in Benue State, Nigeria. For this study, a survey research design was chosen. The full population of 312 principals of public secondary schools in Benue State served as the study’s sample. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including simple percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were used to analyze the gathered data. In addition, the study’s research questions were tested using the Chi-square. The study’s conclusions showed that principals’ abilities to manage students, personnel, and finances had a major impact on the efficiency of administration in public secondary schools in Benue State. Thus, the study came to the conclusion that principals’ needs for capacity building have a major impact on how well public secondary schools in Benue State are managed. The government should increase the budgetary allocation for principals’ regular training so they can stay up to date on personnel management in schools, among other recommendations made in light of the study’s findings and conclusion.

Influence of Principals’ Management Strategies in the Achievement of Quality Assurance in Public Secondary Schools in Benue State, Nigeria

The study investigated the influence of principals’ management strategies in the achievement of quality assurance in public secondary schools in Benue State, Nigeria. The study was guided by three (3) specific objectives. Three research questions were raised for the study. Also, three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. This study adopted the survey research design. The population of the study is 4888 principals and teachers in all the public secondary schools in Benue State. The sample size is 370 respondents. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled “Influence of Principals’ Management Strategies in the Achievement of Quality Assurance Questionnaire (IPMSAQAQ)”. An overall reliability coefficient of 0.89 was obtained for the instrument. Mean and Standard Deviation were used in answering the research questions while Chi-square goodness of fit was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level. The findings of the study revealed that principals’ instructional, physical facilities and supervisory management strategies significantly influence the achievement of quality assurance in public secondary schools in Benue State. In view of the findings of this study, it was concluded that the utilization of instructional, physical facilities and supervisory management strategies by principals will enhance the sustainability of quality assurance in public secondary schools in Benue state. In view of the findings of this study, it was recommended that; School administrators in Benue State should prioritize the development and implementation of effective personnel management strategies for principals in public secondary schools.

Principals' Transformational Leadership Style in Public Senior Secondary Schools in Oyo State: Challenges and Prospects

The learning environment is greatly impacted by the leadership styles of principals, largely because of the fast-growing population and rising demand for high-quality education. Principals who choose transformational leadership can promote significant change and establish their schools as centres of excellence for learning and personal development as the global education landscape changes. The paper examines the opportunities and difficulties related to the transformational leadership approach used by principals in public senior secondary schools in Oyo State. The current state of transformational leadership practices among principals in public senior secondary schools in Oyo State was examined alongside the challenges they face and potential solutions. A comprehensive literature research was carried out to shed light on the advantages and challenges associated with the transformational leadership style of principals in Oyo State's public senior secondary schools. Based on the paper, principals encounter challenges such as resistance to change, resource constraints, teacher professional development, parent and community expectations and administrative obstacles while the prospects are cultural shift towards collaboration, creative resource management, empowered teacher leadership, community engagement and support and advocacy for educational reform. The Position Paper provides a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the challenges relating to transforming leadership in different learning environments, as well as an insight which can benefit education policymakers, administrators and researchers. In conclusion, this paper calls for collective efforts from all stakeholders in the education sector to promote and support transformational leadership in public senior secondary schools in Oyo State.

How Strategy Evaluation Affects Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya

The Ministry of Education directed that all public secondary schools must formulate and implement strategic plans; some schools have been faced with the challenges in their strategy management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of strategy evaluation on academic performance in public secondary schools in Kenya. The target population for the study was public secondary school principals, teachers, and students in Bungoma County. The county has nine administrative Sub-Counties, each with a Sub-County Education Director, a total of 258 secondary schools having 258 schools’ principals, 1,290 heads of departments, 258 school bursars from public secondary schools. The main tools for data collection for this study were questionnaires, interview schedules and document analysis guides. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analysed. The results of the study illustrated that there was strong positive and significant relationship between strategy evaluation and academic performance in public secondary schools. It is concluded that effective execution of strategic evaluation activities like review of academic performance, setting and achieving targets, involvement of strategic planning team, conducting of SWOT analysis and conducting of periodic performance appraisal. Recommendations of the study are that schools should ensure development of evaluation tools and processes that are aligned with school goals and objectives. Schools should make use of the evaluation results to inform decision-making and improve strategies over time. The findings of this study may be useful in the generation of new knowledge to the Ministry of Education and other stakeholders in education in their improvement of policies and practices of the effectiveness of strategy implementation on academic performance in secondary schools

Budget Planning and Defense Practices adopted by Principals of Public Secondary Schools for Effective Financial Management in Delta State, Nigeria

The study investigated the budget planning and defense practices adopted by principals of public secondary schools for effective financial management in Delta State, Nigeria. The study answered two research questions, and further tested two hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 485 principals of public secondary schools in Delta State. Instrument titled, ‘budget planning and defense practices adopted by principals of public secondary schools for effective financial management Scale (BPDPPPSSEFMS)’ was used for the data collection. The data obtained were subjected to test of internal consistency using Cronbach Alpha, and the reliability indices for the clusters B1 and B2 were 0.86 and 0.82, respectively, and considered suitable for the study. The researchers together with the help of six research assistants collected relevant data. Mean was used for answering the research questions, while z-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses. The study found among other things that in planning the budget, principals are guided by such practices as: inclusion of unexpected expenditure in budget planning; sources of revenue; objectives and goals the budget is to achieve, etc. It was concluded that principals have common budgeting practices they adopt in pursuit of effective financial management in public secondary schools in Delta State. Delta State Ministry of Basic and Secondary Education should regularly organized school budgeting related workshop and seminars for principals, in order to keep them abreast with latest practices and workable strategies for planning a school budget.

The Degree of Practicing Leadership Entrepreneurial Skills of Public Secondary School Principals in Jordan and its Relationship to some Variables

This study aimed to find out the degree of leadership entrepreneurial skills practiced by the heads of government secondary school principals in Jordan. The descriptive survey methodology was used, and the study sample reached (115) male and female principals, who were chosen by the random cluster method. To collect study data, a questionnaire was developed, consisting of (58) items, distributed over five domains: strategic vision, initiative, creativity innovation, risk taking, and achievement. The results of the study showed that the degree of entrepreneurial leadership skills among public secondary school principals from their point of view was high, and all tool domains were high. The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences attributed to the variables: gender, academic qualification, region and years of experience for all domains.

The Practicing Degree of Mindfulness for Public Secondary School Principals in Jordan and its Relation with Some Variables

The study aimed at revealing the practicing degree of mindfulness for the public secondary school principals in Jordan and its relation with some variables. The study population consisted of all (1389) principals of the public secondary schools. The study sample included (315) principals. For data gathering, a (34) items questionnaire has been developed, consisted of (4) categories: (Alertness to Distinction, Openness to Novelty, Orientation on the Present and Awareness of Multiple Perspectives). The results of the study showed that the practicing degree of mindfulness for public secondary school principals in Jordan was high. Furthermore, the results indicated that there were no significant differences at (α=0.05) in the practicing degree of mindfulness for public secondary school principals in Jordan, according to gender variable, and years of experience variable, but the study results showed that there were significant differences at (α=0.05) due to academic qualification variable, and the differences were in favor of (higher studies) academic qualification.

Exploring the training of school principals as educational leaders in Mexico

The study aimed to investigate novice principals’ pre-role training in educational leadership. The research was originally intended as a mixed-methods approach; an online questionnaire was applied for data collection to answer the research question: Are public secondary school principals trained to be successful leaders when they undertake this role in Mexico? The questionnaire explored principals’ pre-role formal and informal training, their sense of readiness and the main challenges undertaking the position. It reached 29 responses ( n = 29), this very small sample is not representative, but provides insights for examining larger trends in school leaders’ training/preparation in Mexico. Most participants of this study did not have formal pre-appointment training in educational leadership. This seems to be related to Mexican recruitment processes for principalship, where leadership instruction is not required. Informal pre-role training/preparation was more reported to be helpful by participants. Their leadership was limited mainly by challenges related to administrative tasks. The study suggests the need to analyse and improve the Mexican recruitment process for principals, addressing pre-role training and job induction. If larger-scale studies corroborate this scenario, more detailed recommendations would be developed.

Contextualizing Contingency Management Plan: A Disaster Risk Reduction Toolkit for School Principals in the Philippines

This developmental study aimed to evaluate the disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) capabilities, preparedness, and emergency response competence of Filipino school principals in Guimaras Island, while also developing a relevant contingency management planning toolkit tailored to the needs of the region. The study involved 92 deliberately selected participants, including public elementary and secondary school principals, as well as private school administrators. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three sections: DRRM Assessment Capability, Preparedness, and Emergency Response Competence. Descriptive statistics, including frequency counts, percentage analysis, mean, standard deviation, and rank, were used for data analysis. The results indicated that both public and private school principals in Guimaras demonstrated a high capability for risk assessment, substantial preparedness, and a significant level of competence in emergency response. Notably, their assessment capability was strongest in areas such as monitoring and evaluating DRRM programs and understanding Site Development Plans, while their least predominant skills were related to maintaining and strengthening lifeline systems and estimating equipment lifespans. In terms of DRRM preparedness, strengths included utilizing DepEd Orders for class suspensions during inclement weather and providing emergency contact directories. Weaknesses were identified in areas like capacitating student-led watch teams and preparing localized school policies for disaster preparedness. Regarding emergency response, school principals were found to be highly competent in managing personnel and coordinating with the Local DRRM Team. They were also proficient in providing necessities to teachers and students and reporting damages using the RADaR App. To address the identified gaps, a contextualized toolkit was proposed, tailored to the specific needs of Guimaras schools. This toolkit received excellent ratings from experts in terms of its attributes, objectives, content, usefulness, and self-help features.