Principal Subject Research Articles

Educational advantage and employability of UK university graduates

Purpose In the UK, the majority of university students specialise and study just one subject at bachelor degree level, commonly known in the UK as a single honours degree. However, nearly all British universities will permit students if they wish to study two or even three subjects, so-called joint or combined honours degrees, internationally known as a double major. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether educational advantage, measured by the “Participation of Local Areas” (POLAR) classification, correlated with rates of graduate destinations for joint and single honours graduates. This study focused particularly on Russell Group and Post-92 Universities. Design/methodology/approach The authors analysed the complete data set provided from the Higher Education Statistics Agency Destination of Leavers from the Higher Education survey, and combined this with data from the POLAR4 quintiles, which aggregate geographical regions across the UK based on the proportion of its young people that participate in higher education. The data were analysed to establish whether there was a difference in the highly skilled graduate employability of the joint honours students, focusing particularly on Russell Group and Post-92 Universities, in order to build on previous published work. Findings Single honours and joint honours graduates from higher participation POLAR4 quintiles were more likely to be in a highly skilled destination. However at both the Russell Group and the Post-92 universities, respectively, there was no trend towards a smaller highly skilled destinations gap between the honours types for the higher quintiles. For the highest POLAR4 quintile, the proportion of joint honours graduates was substantially higher at the Russell Group than at Post-92 universities. Furthermore, in any quintile, there were proportionately more joint honours graduates from the Russell Group, compared with single honours graduates, and increasingly so the higher the quintile. Research limitations/implications This study focused on joint honours degrees in the UK where the two or three principal subjects fall into different Joint Academic Coding System (JACS) subject areas, i.e. the two or three subjects are necessarily diverse rather than academically cognate. This excluded the class of joint honours degrees where the principal subjects lie within the same JACS subject area, i.e. they may be closer academically, although still taught by different academic teams. However, the overall proportion of joint honours graduates identified using the classification was in line with the UCAS (2017) data on national rates of combined studies acceptances. Practical implications All Russell Group graduates, irrespective of their POLAR4 quintile, were far more likely to be in a highly skilled destination than single or joint honours graduates of Post-92 universities. Even the lowest quintile graduates of the Russell Group had greater rates of highly skilled destination than the highest quintile from Post-92 universities, for both single and joint honours graduates. This demonstrated the positive impact that graduating from the Russell Group confers on both single and joint honours graduates. Social implications This study could not explain the much smaller gap in the highly skilled destinations between single honours and joint honours graduates found in the Russell Group, compared with the Post-92. Why do a higher proportion of joint honours graduates hail form the upper POLAR4 quintiles, the Russell Group joint honours graduates were more disproportionately from the upper POLAR4 quintiles and the joint honours upper POLAR4 quintiles represented such a larger proportion of the Russell Group overall undergraduate population? Other student characteristics such as tariff on entry, subjects studied, gender, age and ethnicity might all contribute to this finding. Originality/value This study demonstrated that, averaged across all universities in the UK, there was a trend for both single honours and joint honours graduates from higher participation POLAR4 quintiles to be more likely to be in a highly skilled destination, i.e. the more educationally advantaged, were more likely to be in a highly skilled destination, as a proportion of the total from each honours type. This accorded with HESA (2018b) data, but expanded those findings to include direct consideration of joint honours graduates.

SUPERVISI KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP GURU MATA PELAJARAN UJIAN NASIONAL DI SMPN 2 RAMBATAN

The problem of this research is of Principal to the National Examination Subject Teachers in SMP N 2 And the purpose of this recearch is to describe How Supervision of Principal to the National Examination Subject Teachers in SMP N 2 Rambatan. This research is a qualitative case study method. The main instrument of this research is the researcher himself, and the supporting instruments are a tape recorder, interview guides and other documents. To obtain the required data, the researcher used techniques include observation, documentation and the principal interviews national examination subject teachers.The results of the research based on observation, interviews and documentation, the researcher can take some conclusions as follows: (1) Planning of supervision programs of principal to develop the competence of the National Examination Subject Teacher in order to get the maximum result, (2) Implementation of supervision programs of principal to develop the competence of the National Examination Subject Teacher in order to get the maximum result, (3) Evaluation and follow-up supervision programs of principal to develop the competence of the National Examination Subject Teacher in order to get the maximum result. Based on how the overall Supervision of Principal to the national examination subject teachers is not maximized. This is evident from the evaluation and follow-up of the supervision itself did not cover all aspects of supervision.

Legal status of the responsible employee of the principal financial monitor subject

Legal status of the responsible employee of the principal financial monitor subject

Multimodal Training as the Strategy of Human Resources Development in Conditions for Digital Transformation

The purpose of this study was to explore the opportunities and risks associated with the implementation of new educational formats, including project laboratories, hackathons, startup challenge, co-working, microlearning with regard to their social and axiological aspects into training of high-skilled professionals. The article includes the review of priority areas of the modern education meeting the trends of the digital economy and the description of its specific characteristics. The paper also dwells on the models of cluster education developed by the group of tutors, containing problem cases, draft solution to socio-humanistic tasks, prototypes of engineering projects, business cases, and innovative entrepreneurship technologies. The conducted analysis shows that the use of the opportunities provided by modern educational technologies allows designing am individual educational path, selecting principal subjects and optional courses. During studies at the project office the students develop the skills and competences making them competitive in the global market. The work allowed for the analysis of advantages and disadvantages of the innovative forms and technologies of education into the educational process, as well as for the forecast regarding the efficiency of its long-term implementation.

Organization of leisure practices of student youth in higher education institutions

The Subject: Organization of entertainment practices for students’ youth at higher educational institutions. Summary. The article deals with the analysis of the peculiarities of organization of entertainment practices of students youth at the institutions of higher education. It is noted that proper organization of entertainment of those who get higher education is an important task at today’s stage of development of the contemporary society. Attention is paid to the fact that higher educational institutions are to become one of the principal subjects of organization of students’ living space, not only at tuition time but also during free time. Students do need some qualitative and meaningful leisure, oriented, first and foremost at personal and professional development of youthАbstract. Introduction. Organization of educational and tuition process at higher school must correspond to the requirement of time, as well as the requirements and needs of the students. Both organization of the process of tuition at higher school and how students spend their free time acquire some importance. The task of higher educational institutions is to set up such entertainment practice for their students, which will develop personality and promote the required professional competences, increasing the level of youth competitive strength on the contemporary labour market. Analysis of publications. A lot of investigations may be found in pedagogics, devoted to youth education at higher educational institutions, particularly, the works by such scholars, as G. Averyanov, B. Vulfov, A.Davidyuk, R.Kapralov, A Nikitin , to name but a few. At the same time the system of development of entertainment practices within the framework of educational work at higher educational institutions is yet to be theoretically and technologically substantiated. Purpose. The objective of the work is to analyze the peculiarities of social and educational work in respect of forming various entertainment practices for students’ youth, including those for volunteers at higher educational institutions. Results. Students’ youth is a special social and demographic group. Entertainment time of this group is very often dedicated to an intercourse in youth groups, companies of the same age, or in social network. Negative revelations, occuring in the domain of entertainment often happen due to its bad organization, hence, the need to define the ways of regulating the leisure sphere of youth activity. According to the results of the social research “The city as students see it”, performed at Priazovskyi State Technical University SHEI in November 2017 the students need qualitative and meaningful leisure, with orientation on personal and professional development of the younger generation. So, the activities of higher educational institutions in this direction seem to be of special importance. The university spares no efforts for its students to be able to spend their free time being busy with some useful and interesting matters, including those, connected with volunteers’ movement. Conclusions. The contemporary conditions of the society’s development require implementation of new forms of educational activity at higher educational institutions. Volunteering could be one of such forms. Such activities allow generating some important traits, like tolerance, humanism, activity, initiative and creativity in students’ youth. Still, it can be realized only in case of correctly organized and controlled process. Volunteers’ activity and other entertainment practices of students’ youth ought to be organized and managed by the educational institution within the framework of fulfillment of the plan of educational work.

"Instantáneas", una revista modernista en el Santiago de Chile de 1900

Chilean magazine Instantaneas , an illustrated periodical in the modernist style, was published in Santiago during the year 1900. After a thorough examination of the magazine’s numbers, a bibliographical-critical index has enabled us to study the literary and graphic contents. The article approaches the magazine’s history from a double perspective: on the one hand, its different sections and its Spanish and Spanish-American collaborators, editors, writers and artists; on the other, the important figures from contemporary society and from the artistic and literary world which were their principal subjects.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android Untuk Mata Pelajaran Simulasi Digital Materi Pokok Perangkat Lunak Pengolah Aangka di Kelas X UPW 1 SMK Negeri 3 Samarinda Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018

This study is based on the lack of use of android-based learning media that impact on the way some schools view in responding to smartphone usage by students, the school considered that the use of smartphones in the school environment can negatively impact the learning process so prohibit the use of smartphones by students in the school environment. The results showed that: (1) Android-based learning media for digital simulation subjects principal subject of this numerical processing software successfully developed (2) Application of this Android-based learning media received good response from students (3) 4.65 average with the category of "very good"; the results of the assessment of media experts get an average score of 4.56 with the category of "very good"; and the results of field implementation test on 32 students get the average score of 4.51 with the category "very good". Thus, the Android-based learning media for digital simulation subjects the subject matter of numerical processing software. developed are considered appropriate to be used as learning media. Keywords:Android-Based Learning; Smartphone;Digital Simulation; Learning Media.

PENDEKATAN LIVING VALUES EDUCATION DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PAI DAN BUDI PEKERTI SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMBENTUK ISLAMIC VALUE MORALITY PESERTA DIDIK

Islamic religious education and Manners is one of the principal subjects in every level of education in Indonesia. Through these subjects, expected learners have appropriate moral with the teachings of the Islamic religion (Isamic Values Morality). In fact, the Islamic religious education and learning Manners hasn’t been fullest fruition, as evidenced by the diverse social irregularities committed by learners good level of elementary or high school. Therefore it is important to let the learning approach using a model Living Values Education (LVE). Because it is a personal approach with LVE mengidupkan twelve values (peace, respect, love, responsibility, joy, cooperation, honesty, humility, tolerance, simplicity and unity) that can assist in safely Isamic Values Morality. LVE then approaches through learning can be felt with the heart as well as implemented in everyday life by not forgetting that the educator is a great model for learners. The existence of the consistency between words and deeds of educators is crucial. The application of the approach to learning PAI and LVE in manners can be performed on the stage of the opening, the core and close by bringing positive energy like smiling and always appreciate as well as providing convenience for learners. so educators will get his heart and make it easy for yourself to develop the Isamic Values Morality as well as applied in everyday life. Keywords: Living Values Education (LVE), Islamic Education Learning and Manners, Islamic Values Morality

DELINEATION OF ORE OCCURRENCES IN ORE RESERVES APPRAISAL WITH MICROMINE PACKAGE

The ore quality requirements include: cutoff grade, minimum thickness of ore body, maximum permissible thickness of interbeds of barren rocks or offgrade ore within the ore body perimeter, minimum metropercent (metrogram) calculated as the product of cutoff grade and minimum ore body thickness. Recently, mineral reserves appraisal has put in practice automation within specialized programs of geological–surveying data processing. The principal subject in automation of ore occurrence delineation in Micromine package and the topic of this article is delimitation of an ore body across its thickness using the data from the ore quality requirements. This becomes necessary when geological data on external boundaries are absent, which is typical of variable morphology ore bodies: mineralized dikes and zones, ore folds, skarns, ore chimneys, etc. Previously, before this study, Micromine package implemented appraisal of composite material reserves in the following scenarios: along boreholes, by benches, by intervals, by geology, by content. The programmers implemented ,since version 16,the ore occurrence algorithm based on the ore quality requirements using a method in a separate menu tab: Drillhole/ Compositing/ Grade (GKZ).The main kinds (parameters) of the ore occurrence algorithm are the Strictly rules and the Relaxed rules.. The article describes general framework of the analysis of ordinary ore occurrences, and similarity and distinctions in performance of the main kinds of the algorithm. Technically, the ore reserves appraisal based on the ore quality requirements should use the algorithm where all the requirements are maximum possible taken into account. In Micromine package, such algorithm is the Strictly Rules with the option “Do not allow contiguous composites”. Practically, there arises multivariate coupling and delimitation of ore bodies in the identified ore occurrences. The article gives a few somewhat formalized examples to illustrate appropriateness of one or the other method of ore occurrence delineation. Automation of ore reserves appraisal results in essential acceleration of data processing. The described algorithms enable calculation and statistical processing of numerous alternatives of ore occurrences based on the input variables of the ore quality requirements: Cб, Mп, Mр, MC within a short time provided that the data are prepared and clean.

Manajemen Perpustakaan Sekolah Untuk Sumber Belajar Peserta Didik

This research background of the fact that the author of the initial encounter on the ground that the SDN 13 / I Muarabulian has sought to provide library facilities for learners. But the efforts of the school in providing library services yet provide maximum results. The school library is still rarely visited by students to be used as a learning resource. The purpose of this study was to describe the management of the library as a source for students at SDN 13 / I Muarabulian. This research method is descriptive qualitative research with the principal subject of one person, and one person librarians. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The data collection technique using observation technique, documentation, and interviews. To check the validity of the data, the authors do diligence observation, triangulation, member check, audit trail. And to analyze the data, the authors conducted a review and data reduction, the unitization of data, categorization data, and interpretation of data. The results of this study indicate that the management of the library as a learning resource has not run optimally. Some aspects of library management still has many shortcomings such as building libraries of the schools are still small and narrow and has a size of about 20 square meters with details of length of 5 meters and a width of 4 meters, tools and equipment that is not yet complete, only the wastebasket, stamp library, library stamp and stamp inventory. While supplies libraries owned namely wardrobes, tables, and chairs, room layout library focuses only on the arrangement of tables, chairs study and library, the collection of library materials is still a little in the form of books and non-books and library collections which contains fiction and non-fiction, lack of librarians, the service is still not controlled, and the absence of clear rules library. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the management of the library as a learning resource has not run optimally because it still has many shortcomings.

Tutorial of the probabilistic methods Bayesian networks and influence diagrams applied to medicine.

Unpredictability arises in numerous real-world implementations especially in medical fields, being one of the principal subjects that expert systems have to deal with. Bayesian networks (BNs) allow constructing expert systems by utilizing likelihood as a measure of uncertainty. A BN is a statistical model that yields a graphical description of the probabilistic associations between a group of pertinent variables. Probabilistic reasoning involves computing the posterior probability of the unobserved variables given the accessible evidence, based on the application of the Bayes theorem. The principal benefit from BNs is that intricate relationships are decreased to simpler local dependencies. Graphical models utilization in health economics and medical decision-making has been supported lately. The non-existence of objective data frequently pressures the knowledge engineer to acquire the likelihoods from human experts' estimations, which turns this task laborious. For this logic, a software explanation facility can help the expert and the knowledge engineer through this procedure. In order to depict graphically and approximate a decision problem, a BN can be extended with decision and utility nodes associated with the realization of the random variables. Such model is named influence diagram (ID). The main aim of this article is to present a tutorial of BNs and the decision-theoretic model's IDs applied to medicine, including an explanation of these methods through several theoretical examples and illustrations of studies in the medical literature.

Tetralogía de la soledad: introducción a la narrativa de Javier Tomeo

Este estudio analiza cuatro novelas de Javier Torneo, uno de los más significativos autores de la nueva narrativa española. En el contexto general de esta narrativa, el autor extrae los perfiles más característicos de su semántica y estilo, que le permiten definidas como miembros de un proyecto narrativo unitario, bajo el nombre de "Tetralogía de la soledad", constituida por El castillo de la carta cifrada, Amado monstruo, El cazador de leones y La ciudad de las palomas. Tras analizar la intertextualidad de las cuatro novelas y su semántica, presta especial atención al análisis de su discurso narrativo, singularmente el "récit de paroles" y las distintas fórmulas del estilo directo, técnicas en las que Javier Tomeo ha mostrado gran originalidad estilistica.

Employability outcomes for university joint honours graduates

PurposeIn the UK, the vast majority of university students specialise and study just one subject at bachelor degree level, commonly known in the UK as a single honours degree. However, nearly all British universities will permit students if they wish to study two or even three subjects, so-called joint or combined honours degrees, internationally known as a double major. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether the study of a joint rather than a single honours degree had an impact on employment outcomes six months after graduation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analysed the complete data set provided from the Higher Education Statistics Agency Destination of Leavers from the Higher Education survey. The data were analysed to establish whether there was a difference in the highly skilled graduate employability of the joint honours students. The authors established whether there were any differences inherent in completing a joint honours degree in a post-1992 higher education institution, by nation within the UK or within a Russell Group higher education institution.FindingsThe authors found an approximately consistent 3 per cent point negative gap nationally in the highly skilled employment rates of joint compared with single honours graduates. This gap was at its lowest in the highly selective Russell Group universities (−1.52 per cent points) and highest in post-1992, vocationally oriented universities (−7.13 per cent points) and in Northern Ireland universities (−12.45 per cent points). Joint honours graduates of Scottish universities fared well, with a +3.09 per cent point advantage over the national average for joint honours. The authors found that universities that had a higher proportion of joint honours graduates generally had a lower employability gap between their joint and single honours graduates.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focussed on joint honours degrees in the UK where the two or three principal subjects fall into different JACS subject areas, i.e. the two or three subjects are necessarily diverse rather than academically cognate. Future work will consider the class of joint honours degrees where the principal subjects lie within the same JACS subject area, i.e. they may be closer academically, although still taught by different academic teams. This grouping will include, for example, pairs of foreign languages, some social sciences pairings such as politics and sociology, and pairings such as history and theology from the historical and philosophical subject area.Originality/valueThe potential disbenefits of studying for a joint honours degree are apparent in this study. Joint honours students may face organisational, academic and cultural challenges that require a positive, conscious and sustained effort to overcome, on both the part of the student and the higher education institution. In particular for graduates of the post-1992 universities, it appears that there is a negative relative impact on highly skilled employment. This impact is lessened if the university is Scottish (four-year degrees with in-built breadth of study) or where the proportion completing joint honours degrees is relatively high.

United States Communist History Bibliography 2017 – and Selective International Communist History Bibliography (with a special section on the Russian Revolution)

The principal subject of this annual bibliography is the English language scholarly literature of United States Communism (supplemented by some articles from serious journals of opinion, obituaries...

Radical Islam, Tolerance, and the Enlightenment

Radical Islam, Tolerance, and the Enlightenment Fayçal Falaky (bio) Although our principal subject is Voltaire and the shadow cast by his legacy following the Charlie Hebdo attacks, I would like to begin by addressing another eighteenth-century author whose legacy also happens to loom over the massacre that took place in Paris on 7 January 2015. This author is Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a man who lived from 1703 to 1792, and was pretty much contemporaneous with the siècle des Lumières, yet whose philosophy can be traced to the fundamentalist ideology of contemporary groups like ISIS and Al-Qaeda. A native of the province of Najd in central Arabia, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab left his homeland in the late 1720s to study in Basra, and it was during his time in the Iraqi city that he started his religious mission, preaching against bid’a (innovations or cultural accretions), shirk (the act of ascribing partners to God) and any other practices that he believed were foreign to the original purity of Islam. His ideas were dismissed in Basra, and he was eventually expelled at the urging of the city’s clerics for being too extremist; but ibn Abd al-Wahhab made his way back to Najd where a more fortunate fate awaited his crusade. In 1744, Muhammad bin Saud, the tribal ruler of the town of Diriyah, endorsed ibn Abd al-Wahhab’s mission and the two swore an oath to establish together a state run according to true Islamic principles. For the next seventy years, until the dismantlement of the first Saudi State in 1818, the Wahhabis struck terror into people from [End Page 265] Damascus to Baghdad. In keeping with their belief that the veneration of saints and prophets is a form of idolatry, they destroyed various historical monuments, mausoleums, and shrines. They also prescribed upon the people they conquered a strict observance of their version of Sharia law, forbidding alcohol, tobacco, music, and chess, flogging men who shaved their beards or who failed to attend daily prayers, and stoning couples accused of adultery. Homosexuality, which had been largely tolerated in the Ottoman Empire, also became criminalized, and those found guilty were thrown to their deaths from the top of the city’s minarets. If all of these actions sound sadly familiar, it is because they are no different than those staged or spectacularized today by ISIS, or those still performed, under a veil of silence, by the current kingdom of Saudi Arabia. As Kamel Daoud recently noted in a New York Times article, Saudi Arabia is an ISIS that has made it: “one slits throats, kills, stones, cuts off hands, the other is better dressed and neater but does the same things.”1 It is for this reason that the presence of Saudi Arabia’s ambassador to France at the Republican march on Boulevard Voltaire seemed hypocritical. While he was honoring the victims of the Charlie Hebdo attacks, back home, the Saudi blogger Raif Badawi was being ceremoniously and publicly flogged for “insulting the religious authorities.”2 The whole absurdity of the situation seemed straight from an episode of Candide. Although most Enlightenment thinkers never heard or wrote a single word about Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a few authors learned of the existence of the Wahhabis thanks to Carsten Niebuhr’s Beschreibung von Arabien (1772). In his travel account, Niebuhr acknowledges the cruelty of the Wahhabis and the bloodshed they had caused, yet he depicts Wahhabism in a surprisingly positive light, as a revival movement that adhered to the Quran’s principles more than the ersatz Islam of the so-called Muslims. Wahhabism, in other words, was a new religion seeking to revive the real spirit of Muhammad’s message and set on reconverting “Sunni Muslims” to the faith from which they had strayed. Whereas the Muslim religion, as practiced by Sunnis, writes Niebuhr, “is surely far different from when it was instituted by Mahomet [and] has gradually adopted many pieces of superstition, which are condemned in the Alcoran,” Wahhabism, he adds, deserves “to be regarded as a reformation Mahometism reducing it back to its original simplicity.”3 If the Danish Niebuhr looked...

Who Makes Revolution in the Age of Speculative Design?

Contemporary theories of social emancipation contend that it is time to dispense with the concept of revolution and leave it merely as the legacy of political struggles belonging to the age of industrial economy. Today’s globalization, semio-capital, speculative design, crypto-economy, and artificial intelligence would engage epistemologically different emancipatory lexicons and techniques of resistance. All new futurisms posit technological solutions for hitherto political stakes. What remains unheeded in them is the existential need for cognitive equality and social continuity with the masses in constructing the collective subject of emancipation. Recent election results in the U.S., U.K., Eastern Europe, and Russia diagnose an immense cognitive rupture between the producers of emancipatory lexicons and disadvantaged workers. Such a split between mind and body was already made apparent in Hegel’s dialectics of lord and bondsman. In order to surpass this split, it is of utmost importance to reconsider the conditions in which the premature construction of the proletariat took place in the context of the October revolution. The proletariat was posited in this case not only as revolutionary subject, but as the principal subject of Enlightenment as well.

Relations to Knowledge: The Trope of the Book in Stevens's Poetry

Relations to Knowledge:The Trope of the Book in Stevens's Poetry Florian Gargaillo THE WORD "BOOK" is a key term for Wallace Stevens, appearing more than fifty times in his poetry. As both a word and a metaphor, "book" plays a crucial role in his epistemological inquiries, allowing him to plumb the relation between reality and the imagination. Epistemology has long been deemed one of his chief concerns as a poet, and as such has been among the principal subjects of Stevens criticism. There have been occasional attempts to pin down a coherent philosophy in his writing, from Daniel Fuchs's argument in 1963 that his epistemology is based more in "sense perception" than reason (129) to the philosopher Simon Critchley's claim in 2005 that many of Stevens's ideas elaborate on the theories of Immanuel Kant (23). Others have pushed back against this sort of analysis by arguing that to read Stevens as a philosopher is to bring to the poems the wrong kinds of questions and expectations. Denis Donoghue reminds us that "Stevens was not a philosopher, a systematic thinker. . . . Moment by moment, poem by poem, he committed himself to the 'mental state' of the occasion, doing his best to make it lucid" (228). Tracking the word "book" across Stevens's poetry prompts us to return to the topic of epistemology. By seeing how Stevens exploited this image over the course of his writing, we can detect patterns and shifts in how he viewed the mind's relation to the world. Importantly, this exercise allows us to consider the poet's ideas while keeping our focus on his language. Since I cannot do justice to all the instances of "book" in his poetry, I will focus particularly (though not exclusively) on three volumes between which his use of this image changed substantially: his first published book, Harmonium (1923); his wartime volume, Parts of a World (1942); and his first collection after the war, Transport to Summer (1947). Taken together, these examples reveal a gradual shift from a conflict, in the early poetry, between knowledge and sensual experience, to a concern, around World War II, as to whether knowledge that has been granted authority can be trusted, and finally, to a resolution after the war that knowledge can best be achieved not as a set of fixed truths but as something negotiated between reader and writer in the realm of the imagination. [End Page 176] In Stevens's first collection, knowledge tends largely to be sensual, so that to know the world is to apprehend it through the body and the senses. As there are clear biblical undertones to this idea, it should come as little surprise that "Le Monocle de Mon Oncle" associates books with the apple of Eden: An apple serves as well as any skullTo be the book in which to read a round,And is as excellent, in that it is composedOf what, like skulls, comes rotting back to ground.But it excels in this, that as the fruitOf love, it is a book too mad to readBefore one merely reads to pass the time. (CPP 11) The speaker begins by layering three successive images—apple, skull, and book—and then shuttles between these throughout the rest of the stanza, connecting the knowledge of love with the knowledge of death. Yet the stanza ends not with a fear of mortality, but a worldlier fear of banality: "a book too mad to read / Before one merely reads to pass the time." The grammatical crisscrossing—whereby "read" goes from an infinitive clause at the end of the sixth line to the main verb of the seventh line, only to be qualified by "merely"—highlights a paradox: love can only be understood once it has ceased to be experienced in full force, at which point it has also ceased to be of much interest. The poem thus stages a tension between sensual experience and intellect, and asks us to consider how far better it would be for this metaphorical book to remain unread—for us to experience the world sensually but not to intellectualize it. Harmonium is full of books that are...

ANALISIS KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER MEMBATIK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBATIK SENI RUPA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI DESA MANTINGAN, KECAMATAN JAKEN, KABUPATEN PATI

This research is describe the analysis of batik extracurricular activities to the ability of batik painting of elementary school students in Mantingan Village, Jaken Sub-district, Pati Regency. This research uses qualitative descriptive approach with principal subject, extracurricular batik trainer, and students of SD N Mantingan. The object of this study is the analysis of batik extracurricular activities on the ability of art batik. Data collection is done by observation, interview. The data analysis techniques include data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. To test the validity of the data used persistence. Batik extracurricular activities that have been implemented in SD N Mantingan have a role on the ability of batik art to produce various works of batik art. The ability of batik art, among others, elements and principles of art are taught by trainers or teachers able to make students can be creative, work, develop creativity, express feelings, talents, motivation and independence.

Global Constitutionalism: The Social Dimension

The chapter argues that the traditional trinity of global constitutionalism can and should be extended to cover a fourth, a social limb. Just as national constitutionalism has embraced the social question, global constitutionalism needs to do the same in times of globalisation fatigue. To this end, global constitutionalism can build on and push further important trends in our post 2015-international legal order, notably the emerging cross-border social responsibility for individuals. The study of inter- and transnational social law standards and entitlements through the lens of global constitutionalism facilitates cross-fertilisation between social and liberal constitutional principles and works against playing those dimensions out against each other in a false competition. By absorbing the social question, global constitutionalism can mitigate its neo-liberal tilt, and it is rescued from being reduced to a project to deepen the power of capital and to extend a market civilization in which the transnational investor is the principal political subject. With such a renovation from within, global constitutionalism can form part of a fresh ‘post-neoliberal imagination’ of international law.

EL DERECHO EN LA CRISIS ALIMENTARIA DE LA EPIDEMIA DE SOBREPESO Y OBESIDAD

Las soluciones al problema de sobrepeso y obesidad como fenómeno epidemiológico ha estado ausente de enfoques jurídicos. En este sentido este trabajo pretende aproximarse al estudio del rol del Derecho ante el problema de la epidemia de sobrepeso y obesidad. Para ello se examina el concepto de alimento con el objeto de determinar la naturaleza de los productos ultraprocesados y sus implicaciones jurídicas, y se analiza el pael de la industria y su influencia en el diseño de las políticas públicas. Asimismo se propone el concepto de salud alimentaria como objeto de un incipiente Derecho alimentario aún por cristalizar, pero que cuyos principios están llamado a regular las complejas relaciones sociales que se derivan del hecho alimentario.