Prime Time Research Articles

Gut microbiome-mediated mechanisms in aging-related diseases: are probiotics ready for prime time?

Chronic low-grade inflammation affects health and is associated with aging and age-related diseases. Dysregulation of the gut flora is an important trigger for chronic low-grade inflammation. Changes in the composition of the gut flora and exposure to related metabolites have an effect on the inflammatory system of the host. This results in the development of crosstalk between the gut barrier and immune system, contributing to chronic low-grade inflammation and impairment of health. Probiotics can increase the diversity of gut microbiota, protect the gut barrier, and regulate gut immunity, thereby reducing inflammation. Therefore, the use of probiotics is a promising strategy for the beneficial immunomodulation and protection of the gut barrier through gut microbiota. These processes might positively influence inflammatory diseases, which are common in the elderly.

Ready for Prime Time? Dendritic Cells in High-Grade Gliomas.

High-grade gliomas are malignant brain tumors, and patient outcomes remain dismal despite the emergence of immunotherapies aimed at promoting tumor elimination by the immune system. A robust antitumor immune response requires the presentation of tumor antigens by dendritic cells (DC) to prime cytolytic T cells. However, there is a paucity of research on dendritic cell activity in the context of high-grade gliomas. As such, this review covers what is known about the role of DC in the CNS, DC infiltration of high-grade gliomas, tumor antigen drainage, the immunogenicity of DC activity, and DC subsets involved in the antitumor immune response. Finally, we consider the implications of suboptimal DC function in the context of immunotherapies and identify opportunities to optimize immunotherapies to treat high-grade gliomas.

(067) Oral Testosterone, Is It Ready for Prime Time? A Meta-analysis of Safety and Efficacy in Men with Testosterone Deficiency

Abstract Introduction The prescription rates of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) have tripled within recent decades. Recently, two novel oral testosterone undecanoate (TU) options have obtained FDA approval and are now commercially available. We present the first meta-analysis analyzing the safety and efficacy of oral TRT in patients with testosterone deficiency (TD). Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of TU in the treatment of TD Methods Pair-wise meta-analyses were performed including randomized, placebo-controlled trials investigating the use of TU. Studies were included for analysis if participants received oral TRT or placebo for a period greater than one month and if adverse effects (AE) or changes in serum total testosterone (TT) were recorded. Results Nine studies including a total of 606 patients recorded changes in TT. When separated by population, studies including only men with TD saw improved TT (mean change 1.25 ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.22 to 2.29, I2: 0%). Eight studies including a total of 849 patients recorded rates of AE. There was no statistically significant change in the risk of AE in patients receiving oral TRT compared to placebo (log risk ratio -0.03, 95% CI: -0.08 to 0.03, I2: 0%) [Figure 1]. Conclusions When separated by inclusion criteria, studies examining men with TD tended to report improved TT levels following treatment with TU compared to placebo. In studies examining the safety of oral TRT, its use was not associated with increased rates of AE when compared with placebo. Disclosure Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Antares Pharma; Clarus Therapeutics; Coloplast; Cynosure; Promescent; Sprout; Viome.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Intervention on Good Touch and Bad Touch among School Going Children in Selected School of Sasaram

INTRODUCTION: Touch is a basic human need for existence. From the minute we are born to our last breath, touch nurtures us.1 The purpose of research was to provide education for every school child about good touch and bad touch so that the child can protect himself in this threatening condition. School age is one of the prime time in human development. Early childhood experience ultimately affect the personality of child in later period. Touch is a way of expression, communicating affection, reassurance, comfort, care concern. Which are vary essential in the life of an individual. AIM: To assess the effectiveness of video assisted intervention on good touch and bad touch among school going children in selected school of Sasaram METHODOLOGY: A quantitative approach, true experimental post-test design was adopted to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programs on good touch and bad touch among 60 school children, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria at selected government schools of Sasaram. Simple random technique was employed to select the samples. Good touch bad touch knowledge was assessed using a self structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS using descriptive statistics and Chi square as well as independent t-test. RESULT: The two tailed P value is less than 0.0001, by the conventional criteria, this difference is considered to be extremely statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The finding of this study it is concluded that a video assisted teaching program pertaining to good touch and bad touch is an effective program in improving the knowledge and awareness amongst the children, which has been depicted in the result, that there was a marked increase in post-test level of knowledge.

Intratumoral Immunotherapy: Is It Ready for Prime Time?

This review presents the rationale for intratumoral immunotherapy, technical considerations and safety. Clinical results from the latest trials are provided and discussed. Intratumoral immunotherapy is feasible and safe in a wide range of cancer histologies and locations, including lung and liver. Studies mainly focused on multi-metastatic patients, with some positive trials such as T-VEC in melanoma, but evidence of clinical benefit is still lacking. Recent results showed improved outcomes in patients with a low tumor burden. Intratumoral immunotherapy can lower systemic toxicities and boost local and systemic immune responses. Several studies have proven the feasibility, repeatability, and safety of this approach, with some promising results in clinical trials. The clinical benefit might be improved in patients with a low tumor burden. Future clinical trials should focus on adequate timing of treatment delivery during the course of the disease, particularly in the neoadjuvant setting.

Bioartificial liver with reprogrammed hepatocytes ready for prime time

In this issue, Wang etal.1 provide evidence of the pre-clinical as well as the clinical utility of invitro-generated directly reprogrammed human hepatocytes in bioartificial liver. This approach will help offer patients a more curative surgical therapy for liver cancer and improve survival rates.

Routine measurement of DOAC concentrations for prognostication and clinical management in acute ischemic stroke: Is it ready for prime time?

Routine measurement of DOAC concentrations for prognostication and clinical management in acute ischemic stroke: Is it ready for prime time?

The paradigm shift in ANCA-associated vasculitis: prime time for the complement targeting.

The paradigm shift in ANCA-associated vasculitis: prime time for the complement targeting.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Enhanced Ultrasound Techniques Used in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Are They Ready for Prime Time?

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease, affecting approximately 2 billion individuals worldwide with a spectrum that can range from simple steatosis to cirrhosis. Typically, the diagnosis of NAFLD is based on imaging studies, but the gold standard remains liver biopsies. Hence, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in this field, which has recently undergone rapid development in various aspects of medicine, has the potential to accurately diagnose NAFLD and steatohepatitis (NASH). This paper provides an overview of the latest research that employs AI for the diagnosis and staging of NAFLD, as well as applications for future developments in this field.

Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell immunotherapy in blood cancers: ready for prime time?

In the last years, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a promising target for therapeutic interventions in cancer. Cancer cells are highly dependent on the TME to growth and evade the immune system. Three major cell subpopulations are facing each other in the TME: cancer cells, immune suppressor cells, and immune effector cells. These interactions are influenced by the tumor stroma which is composed of extracellular matrix, bystander cells, cytokines, and soluble factors. The TME can be very different depending on the tissue where cancer arises as in solid tumors vs blood cancers. Several studies have shown correlations between the clinical outcome and specific patterns of TME immune cell infiltration. In the recent years, a growing body of evidence suggests that unconventional T cells like natural killer T (NKT) cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and γδ T cells are key players in the protumor or antitumor TME commitment in solid tumors and blood cancers. In this review, we will focus on γδ T cells, especially Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, to discuss their peculiarities, pros, and cons as potential targets of therapeutic interventions in blood cancers.

Towards infertility care on equal terms: a prime time for male infertility

Male infertility is a disease that deserves greater clinical attention and research. A universally accepted definition that emphasizes the modulatory impact of age, lifestyle and environmental factors and includes comprehensive diagnostic and treatment guidelines is needed to ensure accurate evaluation and effective care. Accordingly, male infertility should be defined as a disease of the male reproductive system, caused primarily by congenital and genetic conditions, anatomical, endocrine, functional or immunological abnormalities of the reproductive system, genital tract infections, cancer and its related treatments, and sexual disorders incompatible with intercourse. Inadequate lifestyle, exposure to toxicants and advanced paternal age are critical factors acting alone or exacerbating the impact of known causative factors. The focus on male infertility must be balanced with that on female infertility to ensure the best possible outcome for the couple. Fertility clinics are encouraged to prioritize collaboration with reproductive urologists and andrologists to provide the best possible care for male infertility patients.

MP59-07 IS URETHRAL-SPARING ROBOT-ASSISTED SIMPLE PROSTATECTOMY READY FOR PRIME TIME?

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP59-07 IS URETHRAL-SPARING ROBOT-ASSISTED SIMPLE PROSTATECTOMY READY FOR PRIME TIME? Prata Francesco, Umberto Anceschi, Daniele Amparore, Andrea Iannuzzi, Alberto Ragusa, Alfredo Maria Bove, Leonardo Misuraca, Sabrina De Cillis, Checcucci Enrico, Aldo Brassetti, Silvia Cartolano, Ashanti Zampa, Simone D'annunzio, Riccardo Mastroianni, Giuseppe Spadaro, Gabriele Tuderti, Mariaconsiglia Ferriero, Salvatore Guaglianone, Rocco Papalia, Cristian Fiori, Francesco Porpiglia, and Giuseppe Simone Prata FrancescoPrata Francesco More articles by this author , Umberto AnceschiUmberto Anceschi More articles by this author , Daniele AmparoreDaniele Amparore More articles by this author , Andrea IannuzziAndrea Iannuzzi More articles by this author , Alberto RagusaAlberto Ragusa More articles by this author , Alfredo Maria BoveAlfredo Maria Bove More articles by this author , Leonardo MisuracaLeonardo Misuraca More articles by this author , Sabrina De CillisSabrina De Cillis More articles by this author , Checcucci EnricoCheccucci Enrico More articles by this author , Aldo BrassettiAldo Brassetti More articles by this author , Silvia CartolanoSilvia Cartolano More articles by this author , Ashanti ZampaAshanti Zampa More articles by this author , Simone D'annunzioSimone D'annunzio More articles by this author , Riccardo MastroianniRiccardo Mastroianni More articles by this author , Giuseppe SpadaroGiuseppe Spadaro More articles by this author , Gabriele TudertiGabriele Tuderti More articles by this author , Mariaconsiglia FerrieroMariaconsiglia Ferriero More articles by this author , Salvatore GuaglianoneSalvatore Guaglianone More articles by this author , Rocco PapaliaRocco Papalia More articles by this author , Cristian FioriCristian Fiori More articles by this author , Francesco PorpigliaFrancesco Porpiglia More articles by this author , and Giuseppe SimoneGiuseppe Simone More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003312.07AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Urethral-sparing-RASP (usRASP) recently emerged as an innovative option for preserving antegrade ejaculation. To date, there is no clear recommendation for considering a robotic procedure as a standard treatment for large prostate glands. We aimed to compare perioperative and functional outcomes of usRASP vs standard RASP techniques on a large, multicentric dataset. METHODS: Two institutional BPH datasets (n=295) were matched and queried for “RASP” (Group A; n=83) and “usRASP” (Group B; n=94). Baseline, perioperative and functional data were compared between groups. Differences between continuous variables were assessed with Kruskal-Wallis test, while Pearson’s χ2 test was used for categorical data. RESULTS: Baseline and perioperative data were reported in Table 1. Compared to group B, patients treated with standard RASP were older (p=0.044), had lower preoperative PSA median values, prostate volume and episodes of urinary retention (all p<0.001), higher baseline median International Prostatic Symptoms Score (IPSS, p=0.015), lower median Sexual Health Invetory for Men (SHIM, p=0.012) and Insomnia Severity Index scores (ISI, p<0.001). In the group B, patients showed significantly higher median Male Sexual Health Questionnaire-Ejaculatory Dysfunction (MSHQ-EjD, p<0.001) and Quality fo Life scores (QoL, p=0.016). All other variables were comparable between groups (all p>0.05). With regard to perioperative outcomes, patients treated with usRASP revealed higher perioperative complications rates (Clavien>2, p=0.004), decreased median bladder irrigation time, longer median hospital stay and lower time to catheter removal (all p<0.001, Table 1). At a median follow-up of 41.5 months (IQR 31.6-54.5), usRASP showed higher post-operative post-void residual (PVR, 20 vs 5 ml) even if not clinically meaningful, significantly increased median MSHQ-EjD, lower ISI scores (all p<0.001), and increased QOL scores (p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to standard RASP, usRASP showed non-inferior symptom relief, improved functional and sexual outcomes at long-term follow-up. However, to avoid unnecessary perioperative morbidity, current indications to usRASP remain limited to patients with large adenomas, sexually active and motivated to preserve ejaculatory function. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e808 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Prata Francesco More articles by this author Umberto Anceschi More articles by this author Daniele Amparore More articles by this author Andrea Iannuzzi More articles by this author Alberto Ragusa More articles by this author Alfredo Maria Bove More articles by this author Leonardo Misuraca More articles by this author Sabrina De Cillis More articles by this author Checcucci Enrico More articles by this author Aldo Brassetti More articles by this author Silvia Cartolano More articles by this author Ashanti Zampa More articles by this author Simone D'annunzio More articles by this author Riccardo Mastroianni More articles by this author Giuseppe Spadaro More articles by this author Gabriele Tuderti More articles by this author Mariaconsiglia Ferriero More articles by this author Salvatore Guaglianone More articles by this author Rocco Papalia More articles by this author Cristian Fiori More articles by this author Francesco Porpiglia More articles by this author Giuseppe Simone More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

MP09-11 THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR RENAL STONE VOLUME DETERMINATION: READY FOR PRIME TIME?

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP09-11 THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR RENAL STONE VOLUME DETERMINATION: READY FOR PRIME TIME? Andrei D. Cumpanas, Kalon L. Morgan, Chanon Chantaduly, Rohit Bhatt, Antonio R. H. Gorgen, Allen Rojhani, Amanda McCormac, Candice Minh Tran, Paul Piedras, Seyed Amiryaghoub Lavasani, Akhil Peta, Andrew Brevick, Lilian Xie, Rajiv Karani, Zachary E. Tano, Sohrab N. Ali, Pengbo Jiang, Roshan M. Patel, Jaime Landman, Peter Chang, and Ralph V. Clayman Andrei D. CumpanasAndrei D. Cumpanas More articles by this author , Kalon L. MorganKalon L. Morgan More articles by this author , Chanon ChantadulyChanon Chantaduly More articles by this author , Rohit BhattRohit Bhatt More articles by this author , Antonio R. H. GorgenAntonio R. H. Gorgen More articles by this author , Allen RojhaniAllen Rojhani More articles by this author , Amanda McCormacAmanda McCormac More articles by this author , Candice Minh TranCandice Minh Tran More articles by this author , Paul PiedrasPaul Piedras More articles by this author , Seyed Amiryaghoub LavasaniSeyed Amiryaghoub Lavasani More articles by this author , Akhil PetaAkhil Peta More articles by this author , Andrew BrevickAndrew Brevick More articles by this author , Lilian XieLilian Xie More articles by this author , Rajiv KaraniRajiv Karani More articles by this author , Zachary E. TanoZachary E. Tano More articles by this author , Sohrab N. AliSohrab N. Ali More articles by this author , Pengbo JiangPengbo Jiang More articles by this author , Roshan M. PatelRoshan M. Patel More articles by this author , Jaime LandmanJaime Landman More articles by this author , Peter ChangPeter Chang More articles by this author , and Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003224.11AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Given the irregular shape of most renal stones, linear measurements as well as the use of the ellipsoid formula have proven inaccurate in depicting stone volume. In contrast, CT-based, 3D-stone volume measurement have proven to be a far more accurate determination of stone volume; however, using a 3D slicer program to derive CT-based stone volume is both time intensive and subject to human error. Accordingly, we sought to train a deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) to automate kidney segmentation and CT-based stone volume calculation. METHODS: A total of 322 CT exams in patients with renal stones were used in this study. A total of 80% of the data was used for algorithm training while the remaining 20% of the data used for algorithm validation. “Ground truth” for actual stone volume, was determined by manual segmentation of the stones on the 322 CT scans using the 3D Slicer software program. Using an initial seed point manually identified for each stone, a 16 layer fully convolutional contracting-expanding neural network spanning 473,410 parameters, was designed to detect and segment renal calculi. To assess the accuracy of the CNN in identifying and calculating the stone volume, both a Pearson correlation coefficient and a Dice Score were calculated (Figure 1). Statistical analysis was aggregated following a five-fold cross-validation. RESULTS: The CNN algorithm calculated stone volumes had a Dice score of 0.967 and a Pearson correlation coefficient (R) of 0.999 compared to the ground truth volumes. CONCLUSIONS: A deep learning CNN developed at our institution was able to automatically segment renal stones providing an accurate, efficient, and consistent tool for determining stone volume. Source of Funding: None. © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e108 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Andrei D. Cumpanas More articles by this author Kalon L. Morgan More articles by this author Chanon Chantaduly More articles by this author Rohit Bhatt More articles by this author Antonio R. H. Gorgen More articles by this author Allen Rojhani More articles by this author Amanda McCormac More articles by this author Candice Minh Tran More articles by this author Paul Piedras More articles by this author Seyed Amiryaghoub Lavasani More articles by this author Akhil Peta More articles by this author Andrew Brevick More articles by this author Lilian Xie More articles by this author Rajiv Karani More articles by this author Zachary E. Tano More articles by this author Sohrab N. Ali More articles by this author Pengbo Jiang More articles by this author Roshan M. Patel More articles by this author Jaime Landman More articles by this author Peter Chang More articles by this author Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Is the Quantification of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Gastric Biopsy Samples in Patients With Gastroparesis Ready for Prime Time?

Is the Quantification of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Gastric Biopsy Samples in Patients With Gastroparesis Ready for Prime Time?

Ethylene oxide-type hypersensitivity reactions in G-CSF mobilized, peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cell donors and review.

Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a volatile, ringed toxic ether used to sterilize heat-labile plastics including apheresis sets. In the 1980s, EtO-associated severe hypersensitivity reactions during hemodialysis led to widespread adoption of alternative sterilization for dialysis kits but not apheresis tubing sets. We now report several cases of EtO-type hypersensitivity reactions in autologous donors undergoing hematopoietic progenitor cell collection (HPCC). A 10-year retrospective review of allergic EtO-type reactions in adults undergoing HPCC on the COBE Spectra and SPECTRA Optia was performed. Donor medical history and absolute eosinophil counts were compared between cases and 34 HPCC controls. Published EtO reactions during extracorporeal procedures were reviewed with statistical analysis. Graphics and statistics were performed using commercial software. Three autologous HPCC donors experienced EtO-type reactions within 15 min of initiating HPCC, for a 10-year incident rate of 0.08% per procedure and 0.18% per donor. All three reactions occurred using the Spectra Optia and IDL tubing set, for an Optia/IDL specific rate of 0.2% per procedure and 0.5% per donor. There was no correlation between EtO reactions, eosinophil counts, or saline prime dwell times. No patient had classic predisposing risk factors for EtO hypersensitivity. Two patients required medical intervention whereas the third responded by pausing the procedure and slowing the inlet rate. EtO-type hypersensitivity reactions can be observed during HPCC, especially with the Optia IDL tubing set. EtO reactions may be missed due to their rarity and staff unfamiliarity with this clinical entity.

An Analysis of Figurative Language Used on Political Discussion at Prime Time News Metro TV

This study describes about how figurative language used in several political discussions which are presented in Prime Time News Metro TV YouTube Channel. This study was not only described types of figurative language but also described each meaning/message. The source of data based on four selected videos which had similar theme called The Upcoming 2024’s Election in Indonesia, those were appeared between January to April 2022. In data analysis, it found that there were 204 utterances containing of figurative language. Therefore, based on Keraf(2009) classifications there were 7 types of figurative language found in this study which are simile, metaphor, personification, synecdoche, irony, sarcasm and innuendo. In this results, metaphor became the most frequent type of figurative language. Moreover, this study also found 5 types of meaning among 7 types of meaning in Pardede(2016) namely; conceptual meaning, connotative meaning, social meaning, affective meaning and reflected meaning. In shorts, there were three results of this study: firstly, connotative meaning became the most frequent type of meaning, secondly, it was compatible to the general assumption about figurative language was rich of imply meaning; lastly, metaphor had special role to emphasize the speaker’s intention while using other figurative language like sarcasm and innuendo.

Social Media Revolution in Journalism &amp; its Impact on the Future of Mainstream Media: A Critical Analysis

Journalistic scenario has undergone a revolutionary change with the advent of social media. From conceptualizing ideas to covering events, from planning to gathering inputs and from preparing to presenting news, each aspect of journalism has completely changed. Thanks to the information available on social media, people no more wait for TV News Channels’ Prime Time shows or morning newspapers for updated news. This creates pressure on journalist to do more home work before presenting a news item. The nature of news consumption has also changed. Now it is two way communication, where news organizations also have to satisfy the queries of their viewers/readers. Moreover in this fast-paced world, people have little time to watch television news or go through newspapers of the day. Naturally they switch to social media, which updates them without consuming their valuable time. So this media is also hailed as the future of journalism. Against this backdrop a rigorous research was conducted to have a deep understanding of social media revolution in journalism and its long lasting impact on the future of the fourth estate.

Aspirin for venous thromboprophylaxis after fracture: ready for prime time?

Aspirin for venous thromboprophylaxis after fracture: ready for prime time?

A Quarter Century of NBC's Prime-Time Summer Olympics: A Sex-Based Analysis of the Network's Coverage

Abstract: The Olympics offer female athletes the opportunity to shine on the biggest stage, and media tend to cover women's sports more and better during those events. This report is a sex-based quantitative content analysis of NBC's U.S. prime-time broadcast coverage of the 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020 Summer Olympic Games. It focuses on two main aspects: (1) coverage of men's and women's events and (2) the sex of sources and speakers featured. Results indicate that while NBC's coverage prominently features female athletes, men's sports were still overrepresented during the Tokyo 2020 coverage compared to American men's success in the competition, and the coverage of both the latest Summer Games in Japan and the previous six editions include hegemonic masculinity cues. Primarily, women's coverage became increasingly less diverse over time, focusing mostly on a few major sports, all deemed "socially acceptable" per stereotypical gender norms (gymnastics, track and field, beach volleyball, and swimming and diving). Meanwhile, women involved in physical-power or hard body-contact sports are almost never featured in prime time, despite their successes in competition. Regarding sources and speakers, men have almost always been seen and heard (either working for NBC or being interviewed) more often than women.

Multi-cancer early detection liquid biopsy testing: A predictive genetic test not quite ready for prime time

Multi-cancer early detection liquid biopsy testing: A predictive genetic test not quite ready for prime time