Prevalence Of Tobacco Consumption Research Articles

Influencia de las actitudes al consumo de alcohol en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en universitarios del Ecuador: un modelo explicativo con SEM

Objective: Establish an explanatory model through latent variables analysis of tobacco consumption based on al- cohol consumption and alcohol consumption based on attitudes towards consumption in a sample of university students in Ecuador. Method: Descriptive correlational and explanatory design using SEM (Structural Equation Mo- deling) techniques. Participants: 546 students (69.2% women) aged between 17 and 41 years old (M= 21.3 years old; SD= 2.6), from four universities (45.1% public ones) in two cities of Ecuador. Results: The predominance of alcohol consumption is high; the prevalence of tobacco consumption is low, and attitudes towards alcohol consumption are ambivalent. Alcohol attitudes predict alcohol consumption (R2= .57) and alcohol consumption predicts tobacco consumption (R2= .26). Attitudes and consumption provide an explanatory model for tobacco consumption with ꭓ2= 662.59; p< .001; df= 480; ꭓ2/gl= 1.4; CFI= .95; TLI= .94; SRMR= .049; RMSEA= .026 [.021 - .031]. Conclusions: The study of attitudes and consumption behaviors are important for a better understanding about alcohol and tobacco consumption in university students.

Tobacco Use and Cessation among a Nationally Representative Sample of Men in India, 2019-2021.

Tobacco users are exposed to a higher risk of noncommunicable diseases, leading to premature mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The future prediction indicates that tobacco-related mortality and morbidity rates will substantially increase in coming years. The study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of tobacco consumption and cessation attempts for different tobacco products among adult men in India. The study utilized information from India's latest National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5) data which was conducted during 2019-21, including 988,713 adult men aged 15 years and above and 93,144 men aged 15-49. Results suggest that 38 percent of men consume tobacco, including 29% in urban and 43% in rural areas. Among the men aged 35-49 years, the odds were significantly higher for consuming any form of tobacco (AOR: 7.36, CI: 6.72-8.05), smoking cigarettes (AOR: 2.56, CI: 2.23-2.94), and smoking bidi (AOR: 7.12, CI: 4.75-8.82) as compared to those aged 15-19. The application of multilevel model indicates that tobacco usages are not evenly distributed. In addition, there is maximum clustering of tobacco usages found around household level factors. Further, 30% of men aged 35-49 years attempted to stop consuming tobacco. Though 27% of men tried to quit tobacco in the last 12 months and 69% of men are exposed to secondhand smoke, 51% of men who received advice for quitting tobacco and visited the hospital in the last 12 months belong to the lowest wealth quintile. These findings prioritize promoting awareness about adverse effects of tobacco use, especially in rural areas, and capacitate them to adopt cessation efforts so that those who want to quit may be successful in their efforts. In addition, the health system's response to the tobacco epidemic in the country should be strengthened by training of service providers to promote cessation efforts through appropriate counselling of all the patients visiting them in the context of tobacco use in any form as key drivers of the increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the country.

Prevalence of tobacco consumption and its determinants in the adult population in the field practice area of Urban Health Training Center: Acommunity based cross-sectional study

Background: The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats, which is believed to cause six million deaths a year. The present study was planned to estimate tobacco consumption prevalence and its determinants in an adult population. Material and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in an adult population residing in the urban slum area of Urban Health Training Center from January 2021 to March 2021. Sample size was estimated as 226. Data was collected using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: In the present study prevalence of tobacco consumption in any form was found as 22.41%. Further history was available from 226 participants, one from a family chosen randomly. Mean age of participants was 40.3 years with SD±15 years. Maximum participants i.e., 112 (49%) consuming tobacco were engaged in unskilled occupation. The most common reason for initiating tobacco was fun and curiosity in 89 (38%) participants. Maximum participants 138 (61%) consumed tobacco 1-5 times daily. About 21% of participants had made efforts to quit tobacco. Conclusion: In the present study prevalence of tobacco consumption was considerable in the adult population. About 40% of participants did not know about the adverse effects of tobacco, two-thirds of participants were willing to quit tobacco, while only 21.23% have made efforts to quit tobacco. The study highlights the need of tobacco cessation intervention.

Smoking prevalence and associated factors among university students: Smoking-Related family behaviors, knowledge, attitudes and socioeconomic status

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and examine the differences in smoking-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among university students in Morocco. A questionnaire was administered randomly to a representative sample of 810 students. The age range of the participants was 18 and 38 years and the mean age was 21 years. Participants were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires about sociodemographic characteristics, smoking-related family and university environments, smoking-related knowledge and attitudes, and smoking behaviors. A total of 800 students (98.77%) completed and returned the questionnaire. The prevalence of tobacco consumption was 17%. Smoking prevalence was higher for males and those aged between 18 and 20 25 years. Specialty and education were significantly associated with cigarette smoking behavior. The high prevalence of smoking among the student’s means that prevention measures are essential; this requires increasing self-esteem and evaluating intervention programs implemented before smoking the first cigarette.

Study on prevalence of use of Tobacco Consumption among males aged 15 and above in Kanchipuram Town, Tamil Nadu

Aim and Background: In the present study was to find out the prevalence of tobacco consumption and factors contributed for tobacco consumption among males aged 15 years and above in Kanchipuram town. Human beings have been using tobacco since 600 A.D. It was introduced in Europe by Columbus who came to know about it from the Caribbeans during his historical journeys. It was introduced in India by the Portuguese. Materials and Methods: This is Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Kanchipuram town. All the study subjects were explained in detail about the purpose and methodology of the study and were fully assured of strict confidentiality. Informed oral consent was obtained. Personal interview questionnaire is administered and obtained the demographic details and tobacco consumption. Kanchipuram district has been divided into 4 revenue divisions comprising of 11 taluks with 1137 revenue villages. For development reasons, it is divided into 13 development blocks with 648 Village Panchayats. Results: The present study showed a high prevalence of 55.4% tobacco use among male ever users aged 15 years and above in Kanchipuram town. A prevalence of 34% has been noted in male current users of the same age group. Conclusion: In the Present study we conclude that the high prevalence of use of tobacco among males age 15-and above is a major and public health problems. This affects the coming generation also. Hence steps need to be taken right now to tackle this problem.

The Quest for Effective Tobacco Control Strategies: Revisiting Price and Taxation Policy

The prevailing wisdom in scholarly and policy-making institutions dealing with public health is that skillful use of price and taxation policy will reduce the prevalence of tobacco consumption because of the inverse relationship between tobacco price and consumption. Empirical evidence of this axiomatic inverse relationship has been sparse. This paper analyzes the effects of increased taxation on consumption of tobacco products in 162 countries during 2005-2020. Results indicate that there is weak negative relationship between change in adult smoking prevalence and change in taxation suggesting that higher tax rates on tobacco products tend to lower adult smoking prevalence, but in a modest rather than robust sort of way. The small negative association indicates that perhaps it will take very large tax increases to meaningfully affect adult smoking.

Prevalence of tobacco consumption and the associated factors among the adults in an urban slum: Findings from the WHO STEPwise survey.

Despite Pakistan's stringent tobacco control policy, its effective implementation has always been a challenge, leading to rising tobacco consumption. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of tobacco consumption and associated risk factors in the adult population of deprived urban areas. A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to July 2019, comprising 607 adults residing in the urban squatter settlement of Lahore using a standardized questionnaire, the WHO STEPwise approach. The outcome was current use of tobacco and/or smokeless tobacco daily. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to determine factors associated with smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption. Among 607 participants, about 64% were females, 49.3% were illiterate, 64.9% were currently unemployed, and 47.1% belonged to the low-income group. The prevalence of tobacco smoke was 10.5% (95% CI: 8.07-12.93), and smokeless tobacco consumption was 8.6% (95% CI: 6.38-10.82). Multivariable logistic regression found that smokeless tobacco was more likely among the aged 50-59 years (AOR=4.1; 95% CI: 1.1-13.8) and unemployed (AOR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.1-12.2). Whereas tobacco smoking was more likely among the aged 30-39 years (AOR=5.5; 95% CI: 1.8-16.7), Urdu ethnicity (AOR=2.9; 95% CI: 1.2-7.3), unemployed (AOR=6.6; 95% CI: 2.9-14.9), and never exposed to any media (AOR=3.2; 95% CI: 1.8-17.4). Participants exposed to health warnings were less likely to smoke (AOR=0.02; 95% CI: 0.01-0.05). This study reports a high prevalence of tobacco consumption among adults and calls for effective policy implementation using a multi-pronged approach, including health professionals and media, to spread awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco and endorsement of health warnings on tobacco packaging.

Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Chromium Mine Workers in India.

Several diseases are related to occupation. The workers in chromium mines may be exposed to hazardous environments. The objective of this research was to evaluate the oral health condition and treatment needs of chromium mine workers. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on workers in the chromium mines located in the Jajpur district, Odisha. The study included a total of 453 mine workers. The World Health Organization (WHO) oral health assessment proforma (1997) was used to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of the workers. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to acquire information on socio-demographic data, along with clinical examinations of type III. Frequency distribution analysis and independent-sample t-test were performed. The majority of mineworkers demonstrated poor oral health status with high caries experience (Decayed Missing and Filled Tooth (DMFT) = 3.13 ± 1.82). The prevalence of tobacco consumption was very prevalent among them (74.8%). Leukoplakia (13.2%) was the most commonly noted oromucosal lesions. The buccal mucosa (16.8%) and commissures of the lips (3.3%) were the most common affected sites. Most workers demonstrated poor periodontal conditions. More than half of the mine workers (53.6%) showed malocclusion. Restoration, extraction, and pulp care were needed in most of the workers. A critical intervention should be provided to promote oral hygiene among Indian chromium mine workers. Dental health education and tobacco cessation programs are of utmost importance to improve the health conditions of these workers.

Prevalence of substance use and their correlates among adolescent boys in Bihar, India

ABSTRACT Background Unhealthy behaviors including smoking, drinking, and drug use often begin during adolescence and are closely related to morbidity and mortality. This study examines the prevalence and factors associated with substance use among adolescent boys in Bihar, India. Methods Data from the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA), conducted in 2015–16 in two Indian states, was used for analysis (n = 2004 adolescent boys aged 14–19 years). A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to estimate the effect of various correlates on substance use. Results Prevalence of tobacco consumption (19%) is high, followed by consumption of alcohol (8%) and drug use (1.2%) among adolescent boys in Bihar. One-fifth have ever used at least one substance. Age, education, current schooling status, wealth quintile, household head’s educational attainment, and mother’s education level are found to be important factors influencing substance use. Conclusion It is essential to adopt more pointed programs which can effectively reduce substance use among adolescents in this and similar states. Programs related to prevention of substances should be expanded effectively through health education programs, media messages at the grassroots level, especially in the socio-economically backward states in India.

Tobacco Consumption Among Young Population in Rural Indonesia: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Introduction: Tobacco consumption among youths is increasing in Indonesia and other middle-income countries. In rural areas, its prevalence is even higher compared to urban settings. Understanding the extent and associated factors of tobacco consumption within this population is essential to inform the formulation of appropriate prevention and control strategies.
 Aims: This study aims at analyzing the prevalence and associated factors of tobacco consumption among the young population living in rural Indonesia.
 Methods: Data were obtained from Indonesia Family Life Survey wave 5 (IFLS-5). A total of 2,786 responses from respondents aged 15-24 years and living in rural areas were taken into analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between tobacco consumption with the predictors.
 Results: The prevalence of tobacco consumption among youths in rural Indonesia was 26.5%. Binary logistic regression discovered that factors significantly associated with tobacco consumption among young population were aged 20-24 years (AOR = 4.760, 95% CI: 3.557-6.368), less educated (AOR = 5.988, 95% CI: 3.193-11.229), being married (AOR = 2.484, 95% CI: 1.631- 3.782), and having smoking parent (AOR = 1.346, 95% CI: 1.016-1.783). Young males had a much higher tobacco use prevalence (57.1%). Whereas females had significant negative association with tobacco consumption (AOR = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.000-0.002).
 Conclusion: A large portion of youth in rural Indonesia were identified to have tobacco-use behavior. Appropriate prevention and control strategies are needed to address the population groups identified in this study. Policymakers should anticipate challenges that may occur resulting from geographical and cultural differences.

Individual and contextual factors associated with smoking among young Brazilian adults

Young people receive special attention regarding smoking as it is a period of life in which the use of this and other substances generally starts and is consolidated. There are no studies on risk factors associated with young adults with a representative sample from Brazil that take into consideration individual and contextual aspects. The objective was to identify factors associated with smoking among young Brazilian adults aged 18 to 24 years, considering the combined influence of individual and contextual factors assessed through the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI). It involved a cross-sectional, population-based study that used data from the 2019 National Health Survey. Using the Poisson multilevel model with robust variance for estimating the Prevalence Ratio, individual variables were analyzed, and the MHDI as a contextual variable in each Federative Unit. In addition to individual factors, the MHDI was also associated with smoking among young people, with an increase in the prevalence of tobacco consumption among young people as the state's MHDI increases (p<0.001), indicating that living in a state with better conditions according to the MHDI, socioeconomic status is associated with a higher probability of young people smoking when compared to those residing in other states.

The association of tobacco use in adolescents with their interpersonal surroundings and assessing tobacco vendor compliance with COPTA policies: A cross-sectional study

IntroductionThe prevalence of tobacco consumption is increasing globally and in South-east Asian countries. Despite the government's efforts in passing the laws for monitoring tobacco consumption, their effectiveness is questionable. The study's objectives are to investigate the association of tobacco use among the study participants as a function of community, interpersonal and individual factors. MethadologyA conceptual framework was drawn based on Bronfenbrenner's theory of the ecology of human development, the social learning theory, and the social control theory. An observational study was conducted in 13 government and 26 private pre-university colleges in the Shimoga district of Karnataka, India. The study was conducted in two stages. First at the student level and the second at the tobacco vendor level. Ethical approval from the institutional board and informed consent from the participants were obtained. A descriptive, comparative and multivariate analysis was performed. ResultsOf the 726 participants, 19.6% had used tobacco at least once. The most common type being flavoured cigarettes (54.3%). The average compliance of permanent tobacco outlets was 6.1/10, while the mobile tobacco outlet scored 3.8/10. Active tobacco use was strongly associated with peer tobacco use (r = −0.439, p < 0.001), community compliance (r = −0.365, p = 0.004), family educating against tobacco use (r = −0.269, p < 0.038) and age of initiation of tobacco use (r = −0.327, p = 0.011). ConclusionOur study shows us that the issue of adolescent tobacco use is multipronged. It centres on community, interpersonal and individual factors. We need a mixed-methods approach focusing on improving compliance with COPTA laws and effective anti-tobacco education in schools and immediate interpersonal surroundings.

The progression of the tobacco epidemic in India on the national and regional level, 1998-2016

BackgroundEvidence regarding the progression of the tobacco epidemic remains fragmented in low- and middle-income countries. In India, most of the studies that examined tobacco consumption focused on one time point, on the country as a whole, and on men. Despite important gender differences in tobacco consumption, vast economic and cultural differences exist within India. We, therefore, assessed the progression of the tobacco epidemic in India on both the national and the regional level, by gender.MethodsWe use information on current tobacco use among Indians aged 15–49 from three rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) (1998-99, 2005-06, 2015-16) to estimate the age-standardized sex specific smoking and smokeless tobacco prevalence across India and its states.ResultsAge-standardized tobacco use prevalence in India increased between 1998-1999 and 2005-2006, and declined from 2005-2006 to 2015–2016, simultaneously for men and women. There are substantial spatial differences in the progression of the tobacco epidemic in India. While tobacco use declined in the majority of states, we observe high and increasing use for men in the north-eastern states of Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland, and for women in the western state of Gujarat and north-eastern state of Manipur. We observed even more states with a recent increasing prevalence in either tobacco smoking or smokeless tobacco. Throughout, prevalence of tobacco use has been higher among men than women for all Indian regions, and remained higher than the national average in the north-eastern states.ConclusionsOur results suggest that India and the majority of its states experienced a ‘compressed tobacco epidemic’ in which the prevalence of tobacco consumption increased and decreased simultaneously for women and men over a comparatively short period of time. Despite the overall progress India made in reducing tobacco use, further lowering tobacco consumption remains a public health priority, as the prevalence of smoking and/or smokeless tobacco use remains high in a number of states. We therefore conclude that tobacco regulations should be expanded with the aim of reducing the overall health burden associated with tobacco consumption across India.

Prevalence of tobacco consumption and smoking and its effect on outcome among microbiologically confirmed new pulmonary tuberculosis patients on daily regimen of DOTS in Amritsar city.

ABSTRACTBackground:Tobacco consumption and smoking are causative factors that can create a favorable environment for tuberculosis and increase the morbidity and mortality attributed to it. Tobacco use is the leading global cause of preventable death (6 million deaths per year). This study compares the treatment outcome in pulmonary tuberculosis patients on DOTS daily regimen with respect to consumption of tobacco and smokingAims:1. To study the prevalence of tobacco consumption and smoking among microbiologically confirmed new pulmonary tuberculosis patients. 2. To study the effect of tobacco consumption and smoking on the outcome of microbiologically confirmed new pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Material and Method:The prospective observational study was conducted on microbiologically confirmed new pulmonary tuberculosis patients enrolled during the first quarter of the year 2019 (i.e., from 01/01/2019 to 03/31/2019) at the four selected DMCs of Amritsar City. In total, 197 patients were included in the study depending on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The prevalence of tobacco consumption and smoking at the start of treatment was noted and the effect on outcome was observedResults:Prevalence of tobacco consumption and smoking was found to be 24.37% and 21.83%, respectively. In addition, 93.96% of non-tobacco consumers and 94.15% of non-smokers had favorable outcomes as compared to 83.34% of tobacco consumers and 81.4% of smokers, which is statistically significantConclusion:Tobacco consumption and smoking have significantly higher chances of unfavorable outcomes (loss to follow up, change in treatment regimen, and death) as compared to non-consumption and non-smoking.

Prevalence and Predictors of Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases among women in an Urbanized Village of India.

Background:The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors among the underprivileged women of the urban areas are expected to increase. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of these risk factors.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 women between 25 and 64 years in an urbanized village of India. Risk factors for NCDs were assessed using the WHO STEPS instrument. To determine the sociodemographic predictors of these risk factors binary logistic regression was used.Results:The prevalence of tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, and insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, overweight, and obesity was found to be 18.3%, 61.6%, 96.5%, 27.6%, and 5.9%, respectively. Raised blood pressure, blood glucose, and cholesterol were found to be present in 23%, 22%, and 42%, respectively. Older age was found to be a significant predictor of tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, raised blood pressure, and raised blood glucose.Conclusion:The current study reported a high prevalence of physical inactivity and insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, with age being a significant predictor of the majority of risk factors. Thus, arises the need for programs and policies tailored toward addressing the local needs, targeted toward older women.

Tobacco habit abstinence through behavioral counseling among transgender persons of pune district: A quasi-experimental design

Background: Transgender population are a high-risk group in the community, as their oral health gets neglected due to the stigma associated with them. Since it is an impediment to obtain oral care services, a group of such persons were identified with an intention of examining them orally and providing basic oral treatment. Aim: To identify a cohort of transgender persons using tobacco product and provide group behavioral counseling for cessation of their habit. Materials and Methods: A total of five locations wherein transgender persons were residing were identified. Demographic details of the participants such as age, education status, and occupation were recorded. The tobacco product use details regarding frequency, duration of use, and form of tobacco were documented. The identified tobacco users were provided with behavioral tobacco cessation counseling. Follow-up was done every month for 6 months and at 18th month through self-reported abstinence and urine cotinine test at 6th month. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of numbers and percentages and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (Mid-P) were provided using WinPepi PORTAL. Results: A total of 52 transgender persons aged 18–58 years were identified. Tobacco product use was identified in 73%, out of which 13% smoked tobacco, 84% chewed tobacco, while 2% smoked and chewed both. Postintervention at 6th month, 21% (CI: 0.10–0.36) abstained from the habit of tobacco product use, which was self-reported and 7% (CI: 0.02–0.20) was validated with urine cotinine. By the 18th month, 15% (CI: 0.06–0.29) had self-reported abstinence. Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco consumption was high among transgender population. Tobacco cessation program helped in quitting the adverse habit in 15% of the population. Cessation programs supplemented with nicotine replacement therapy use in this marginalized section of the society would help achieve a better abstinence.

Modelling the Reduction in Cancer Incidence After Variations in the Prevalence of Tobacco Consumption in Colombia in the Period 2016-2050.

To evaluate the potential impact of tobacco reduction on future cancer incidence in Colombia. Colombia has implemented multiple actions that led to reducing smoking prevalence in recent years. However, the numbers of cancer cases and deaths associated with smoking exposure remain high highlighting the importance of maintaining efforts to reduce and keep smoking prevalence low. We performed a theoretical modeling exercise, projecting expected changes in the incidence of four cancers between 2016 and 2050 under two simulated scenarios of smoking reduction. A cumulative decline of 10% in the prevalence of smoking, a percentage in line with current cigarette taxation policies, will decrease cancer incidence in 2050 by 3.2%, .5%, .2% and .2% of lung, liver, cervical and colorectal cancer incidence, respectively. Complete elimination of tobacco consumption will reduce these by 39.1%, 6.1%, 2.2% and 2.3% respectively, by 2050. These results highlight the importance of continuity and reinforcement of current tobacco control programs, including increasing taxation, to further reduce the prevalence of tobacco smoking and reduce cancer cases and deaths in the coming decades.

Prevalence and Pattern of Tobacco Use among Thermal Power Station Workers in South India: An Observational Study.

Introduction:Health of individuals and community. Occupation, being a significant determinant of health, plays a vital role in the outcome of health. Mining being an occupation has it's own characteristics and occupational hazards. One such factor, being tobacco consumption has been sparsely reported among thermal power station workers.Aims and Objectives:To assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption among thermal power station workers in south India.Materials and Methods:Simple random sampling was used to collect data from the study in the subjects working in thermal power station. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic and prevalence data pertaining to tobacco consumption. Descriptive statistical analysis was done for the data to express the same in frequencies.Results:Among the 401 study subjects, 121 of them consumed tobacco. Among them 59%(n=72) of them used smoking form of tobacco and about 23%(n=28) of them used smokeless form of tobacco. Vast majority73%(n=52) of the smokers used cigarette and 14%(n=19) used bidi.Conclusion:A significant number of workers in thermal power station were found to use tobacco. Further studies are required to be conducted on a larger scale followed by analytical studies to establish the strength of association between the occupation related variables and tobacco consumption.

РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИКО-ПРОСВЕТИТЕЛЬСКАЯ АНТИТАБАЧНАЯ АКЦИЯ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ ПОПУЛЯЦИОННОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ ОТКАЗА ОТ КУРЕНИЯ

Significance. Tobacco smoking is one of the most important problems of public health. It is quite obvious that the prevention of tobacco consumption needs a comprehensive and systematic implementation of a wide range of multi-level and intersectoral measures, the essence of which is to manage tobacco smoking as one of the risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases at the population and individual levels. The implementors of those preventive measures should include both healthcare and state and public organizations, employers, and mass media. The purpose of the study is to analyze the population strategy to quit tobacco in the Ryazan region and its impact on smoking cessation. Material and methods. The study was performed using a survey, statistical and analytical methods based on the evaluation of preventive antismoking measures implemented in the Ryazan region in the period from 2014 to 2019 within the framework of the annual interdepartmental medical and educational campaign “Summer without Tobacco Smoke”. The study information base is the results of an anonymous questionnaire survey of 1,604 registered (according to the terms of the campaign) participants of the anti-tobacco campaign aged 18-64 years. Analysis of the dynamics in performance indicators of medical offices regarding smoking secession was based of their reports during the 6-year period under study. Comparisons of tobacco smoking prevalence in these years were based on results of the adult population surveys on tobacco consumption in the region (Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted in the Russian Federation, as well as data of the Federal State Statistics Service. Results The annual anti-tobacco campaign “Summer without Tobacco Smoke” complies with the basic principles of highly effective public programs: duration (carried out for more than 5 years), focus on a specific risk factor (smoking) and regularity of such campaigns. The antismoking campaign forms flows of people who want to get rid of smoking on their own or through medical assistance in medical offices. Systematic nature of antismoking campaigns as a form of population-based tobacco smoking prevention, contributed to the formation of positive trends in reducing prevalence of tobacco consumption. Thus, in the period from 2014 to 2019, there was a 44.6% gradual decrease in the prevalence of tobacco smoking in the Ryazan region (by 12.2% among males and 37.6% among females). Conclusion. The obtained results evidence with confidence that the anti-tobacco campaign both forms groups of people who are aware of smoking-related hazards and of methods of smoking secession, and increases motivation for a healthy lifestyle, as well as positively affects utilization of medical offices for smoking secession. Scope of application. The study results can be useful to regional authorities in public health, as well as heads of centers of public health and medical prevention, state medical organizations, responsible executors in planning and implementing regional programs aimed at preventing exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and reducing tobacco consumption.

Tobacco consumption patterns amongst recruits at a training centre

Background: Approximately 3 million premature deaths occur every year due to tobacco. Gaps were observed in the scientific knowledge about tobacco consumption practices among armed forces personnel in our country. Keeping in view the paucity of studies in this field workers chose to undertake the present study.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among service personnel across a training centre to determine prevalence of tobacco consumption. The sample size was calculated to estimate 95% confidence interval for prevalence of tobacco consumption with 5% absolute precision. The minimum sample size was calculated to be 250, however, 285 personnel were included in the study. “Personal interview technique” was used for data and standard statistical methods were utilized for data analysis.Results: The mean age (standard deviation) of the study subjects was 20.80 years (1.23). The overall prevalence of currently using tobacco in any form was 9.82%, mean (SD) of number of years of tobacco use was 2.33 years (1.27). Mean (SD) of number of cigarettes/bidis smoked per day was 7.52 (6.71). Average amount spent on tobacco consumption per month was Rs310.95 (2.42% of monthly salary). The commonest reasons for smoking is peer pressure, to relax and feel like hero.Conclusions: Our study has helped to fill in the existing gaps in the scientific knowledge about tobacco consumption practices among armed forces personnel in our country.