Presence Of Bioactive Substances Research Articles

Stability of bocaiuva (Acrocomia spp.) mass candy stored in different packages

Bocaiuva (Acrocomia spp.) is a fruit native to areas of Cerrado and Pantanal that stands out for its nutritional value, presence of bioactive substances, and high pulp yield. The aim of this study was to develop a mass candy of bocaiuva, characterize it physicochemically, quantify the retention of bioactive substances, evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological stability and sensorial acceptance for up to 120 days, and verify the effect of different types of packages and storage time on the developed product quality. The prepared mass candy was stored in plastic packages of terephthalate polyethene that were transparent and metallized. We have characterized its centesimal composition and microbiological and sensorial stability, evaluating its color, moisture, pH, soluble solids, titrable acidity, retention of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, total phenolics, and antioxidant capacity. The results indicated that the bocaiuva mass candy stays stable for physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory parameters over storage and that the metallized polyethene terephthalate package best conserves the bioactive substances.

Immunomodulatory potentials of modified kombucha with pineapple by-products in aging: An ex vivo study

Kombucha is a healthy and becoming popular beverage worldwide. It is produced from tea leaves using symbiotic cultures of bacteria and yeast. Herein, we explored the use of pineapple peels and cores (by-products), as alternative ingredients for kombucha production. We examined crude pineapple kombucha (PK) for its microbial diversity, metabolites, and its impact on the cellular immune response in PBMCs older individual ex vivo. We observed a substantial shift in bacterial diversity, with higher percentages of Blautia and Lactobacillus compared with the original kombucha. This microbial variation may be attributed to the PK’s bioactive compounds. The expression of CD4+CD28null NKG2D+ senescent CD4+ T cells and pathogenic CD4+ T cells decreased, particularly in the high natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) expression group. This indicates the presence of bioactive substances in PK that can reduce the number of senescent CD4+ T cells. PK may be a health-promoting alternative beverage, especially for older individuals.

Evaluation of nutritional composition of flour residue of mangaba processing

Abstract Among several fruits, mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), it aroused the interest of producers and consumers due to its attractive sensory characteristics and health beneficial properties (high nutritional value and presence of bioactive substances), thus, this work evaluates the nutritional factors of the flour residue of mangaba processing that is despised by the food industry, and the influence of temperature on its production. The mangaba processing residue was splited in two main groups: in natura sample (control), and other for preparation of flour that was dried at 50 °C and divided into two other groups: treatment A (flour with roasts at 110 °C and 130 °C) and treatment B (flour from drying at 50 °C). The nutritional characteristics of flours were analyzed considering the chemical parameters: pH, titratable total acidity and soluble solids, in addition to the determination of moisture content, total lipids, total dietary fiber and ash, total energy value, antioxidant activity, phytochemical screening, quantification of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, as well as technological functional properties (water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), milk absorption index (MAI) and milk solubility index (MSI) and oil absorption index (OAI). The results showed that the bioactive compounds present in the extracts do not have significant properties of acting as free radical kidnappers. The heat treatment, performed in the flour of mangaba processing residues, influenced the nutritional factors and properties of absorption and solubility, which showed statistical differences. These results show that the flour is a viable alternative for the energy enrichment of diets, contributing to the development of new products, the reduction of the disposal of these residues and consequently to the minimization of the environmental impact.

Microencapsulation in food industry – an overview

In the modern health concept, food quality is becoming more and more important. People are increasingly looking for added value to their diet through the presence of bioactive substances. Usually, the latter are sensitive molecules; they are unstable in processing and consumption. In addition, problems with unpleasant organoleptic characteristics clean labelling and high production costs can occur. To overcome these problems, a solution can be sought in microencapsulation techniques. Although these techniques have been known for a long time, nowadays their meaning and significance are gaining new dimensions. In this regard, this review aims to provide up-to-date information on currently used microencapsulation techniques, limitations, and prospects.

Study on safety profile in extracts of <i>Pulmonaria officinalis</i> callus cultures and their phytochemical composition for the presence bioactive substances with the potential geroprotective properties

Ageing is a natural and inevitable process accompanied by different diseases. Medicinal lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis) is a source of bioactive substances that can slow down ageing and improve the quality of human life. Callus culture of this plant can be a promising raw material to produce nutraceuticals. However, a composition of individual bioactive substances in medicinal lungwort has been studied insufficiently, particularly when it comes to phenolic compounds with potential geroprotective properties. We performed a study on the phytochemical composition of the callus cultures, extracted from the medicinal lungwort plant, for the presence of bioactive substances with the potential geroprotective properties and determined their quality profile. Twofold extraction of Pulmonaria officinalis callus cultures was carried out on a water bath with 70% ethyl alcohol. Determination of the safety profile of extracts was performed according to the requirements of the Pharmaceutical Norms and Regulations. Organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological properties were considered important indicators of the quality of the extracts. It was demonstrated that the content of heavy metals, radionuclides, dry residue, residual alcohol content, as well as organoleptic characteristics and microbiological purity, comply with the regulatory documents. The phytochemical composition of the callus culture extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and threelayer chromatography. The following flavonoids (rutin, isorhamnetin, quercetin), triterpenoid saponins and phenolic acids (p-coumaric, ferulaic, gallic, caffeic, rosmarinic and chlorogenic) were identified. The presence of triterpenoid saponin, p- coumaric, ferulaic and gallic acids is discovered in the extract of the lungwort callus culture for the first time. Quantitative analysis of bioactive substances showed that the content of caffeic, rosmarinic and chlorogenic acids in the callus culture extract is higher than that in the extracts from the aerial parts of the plant.

EFFECT OF HOME MADE CAMEL MILK YOGHURT SUPPLEMENTED WITH FIG AND HONEY BEE IN RATS WITH INDUCED STEATOHEPATITIS

Abstract Currently there are no camel milk derived products, such as yoghurt or cheese, available in supermarkets. Furthermore, the presence of bioactive substances in camel milk has been reported to have useful effects. Therefore, the aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of home made yoghurt produced from camel milk and supplemented with fig and honey bee against steatohepatitis induced in male albino rats fed on methionine choline deficient diet (MCDD). Forty seven rats were divided into two main groups, the first main group (n=7 rats), negative control, was fed on basal diet. The second main group (n=40 rats) were fed on basal diet with methionine-choline deficient diet to induce steatohepatitis. Five rats from the 2nd main group were sacrificed after one week and five weeks of feeding the MCDD to ensure the occurrence of steatohepatitis. Rats (n=35 rats) with steatohepatitis were divided equally into five subgroups as follows: Subgroup (1) served as positive control and was fed on MCDD. Subgroup (2) was fed on a MCDD supplemented with camel milk yoghurt at the level of 30%. Subgroup 3, 4 and 5 were fed on a MCDD supplemented with 30% camel milk yoghurt containing fig, and honey bee respectively. After 8 weeks, blood samples were collected from rats then centrifuged to obtain serum for biochemical analysis. Histopathological examinations of liver sections were also examined. The sensory evaluation results revealed that, orange juice added to yoghurt camel milk that containing fig and honey bee significantly (P<0.05) increased the general acceptability of the samples compared to yoghurt produced from camel milk only. The biochemical results pointed out that, yoghurt produced from camel milk and supplemented with fig and honey bee have demonstrated significant (P<0.05) decrease in liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c), TG in liver tissue and MAD level however, the value of total protein, albumin, globulin parameters, HDL-c, GSH and SOD were significantly (P<0.05) increased in rats with steatohepatitis compared to the positive control group. Furthermore, yoghurt camel milk supplemented with fig and honey bee, protect against steatosis induced pathological changes in rats' liver. In conclusion, yoghurt prepared from camel milk and supplemented with 30% of fig or honey or their combinations at ratio of (1:1) may play a great role as a protective food to control steatohepatitis. Key words: steatohepatitis, liver functions, rats, histopathology, camel milk, fig, honey.

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of the Pulp Extract and Fractions of Ziziphus mauritiana

The methanol pulp extract of Ziziphus mauritiana was investigated for the presence of bioactive substances and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphyloccus aureus, Salmonela typhi and Bacillus subtilis using the agar diffusion method. The result of phytochemical test indicated that tannins, flavonoids, saponin, cyanogenic glycosides, and terpenoids were present in pulp. The result of antibacterial studies indicates that the crude extract as well as fractions possesses significant activity against the tested organisms. The extract and its fraction also possess good inhibitory activity; hence can be used as antibacterial agent.

Bioactivity screening by chromatography-bioluminescence coupling

Because luminescent microorganisms change their light emission in the presence of bioactive substances, they provide an effective way of monitoring toxicity. Here we report the direct coupling of bioluminescence to chromatography which is capable of detecting single toxic components in complex mixtures. Two approaches were investigated, utilizing thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The TLC-bioluminescence imaging technique was developed into a versatile and rugged method and proved to be superior to the HPLC-based design. Employing genetically engineered luminescent bacteria gives customized selectivity of bioactivity detection. The combination of analytical separation technology with the biospecific sensing ability of living cells provides a novel screening tool for targeting bioactive components in complex samples.