Preparation Of Silver Nanoparticles Research Articles

A nanocomposite hydrogel loaded with Ag nanoparticles reduced by aloe vera polysaccharides as an antimicrobial multifunctional sensor

Developing high-performance hydrogels with anti-freeze, and antimicrobial properties is crucial for the practical application of flexible sensors. In this study, we prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with aloe polysaccharide (AP) as a reducing agent. Then, the AP/AgNPs were added to a system of polyvinyl alcohol and borax crosslinked in water/glycerol to obtain a multifunctional conductive hydrogel. The incorporated AgNPs improved the conductivity (0.39 S/m) and mechanical properties (elongation at break: 732.9 %, fracture strength: 1267.6 kPa) of the hydrogel. In addition, resultant hydrogel exhibited potential for sensing strain, temperature, and humidity. When used as a strain sensor, the hydrogel system exhibited low detection limit (0.1 %), and fast response (0.08 s). The resistance of the hydrogel decreased with an increase in the absorbed moisture content, enabling humidity detection (25–95 %) to monitor breathing status. As a temperature sensor, the hydrogel supported a wide detection range (−50 to +90 °C) and sensitivity (−30–0 °C, temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) = −5.64 %/°C) to detect changes in the ambient temperature. This study proposes a simple method for manufacturing multifunctional hydrogel sensors, which broadens their application prospects in wearable sensing and electronic products.

Preparation of silver nanoparticle functionalized amphiphilic bio-carbon particles and its bacteria-killing effect and blood compatibility

Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) has become the bacterial infection of special concern considerably causing the prolonged hospitalization and the delayed clinical treatment. In this paper, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were stabilized in sodium polyethylene sulfonate (PVS) solution (PVS-Ag). Amphiphilic bio-carbon particles (ACPs) were synthesized from S. cerevisiae cells and employed as the matrix. Chitosan (CS) modification on ACPs (ACPs-CS) facilitated the PVS-Ag grafting with stability and efficiency. Results of morphologic analysis indicated that CS and PVS-Ag modification distinctly changed the morphological-structural properties of the ACPs surface. Surface potentials of ACPs, ACPs-CS and the obtained functionalized bio-carbon material (ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag) were −38.0 mV, +36.1 mV and −53.1 mV, respectively, revealing that the anionic groups enriched on the PVS-Ag surface had largely consumed the amino groups around the surface of ACPs-CS. Results from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further demonstrated that AgNPs had successfully attached to the ACPs-CS surface. The anionic amphiphiles (ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag) exerted high blood-compatibility and bio-safety, especially the broad-spectrum antibacterial property at the microgram scale. In conclusion, the ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag assembly has potential value in the development of biomedical devices and/or implants for the safe-and-effective elimination of bacterial infections.

Honey-assisted synthesis and properties of silver nanoparticles in aqueous solution and inside supramolecular aggregates. The Cassyopea® effect

In this work we introduce supramolecular aggregates named Cassyopea®, acronym of combined and sustainable synthesis of payload-enriched aggregates from the method used for their preparation. Herein, Cassyopea® were described as reactors and carriers for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from honey according to eco-friendly conditions. Spherical, monodisperse, and negatively charged NewAgNPs®, acronym of natural ecosustainable way AgNPs, having a mean size of 30 nm and high stability over time were prepared in aqueous solution. The successful synthesis of NewAgNPs® inside Cassyopea® was demonstrated by UV–vis spectroscopy, emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The protective effect of Cassyopea® on NewAgNPs® against the oxidation induced by H2O2 was kinetically determined in the Fenton-like reaction suggesting that the investigated nanoparticles tend to be located in the aqueous core of the investigated aggregates. Furthermore, microbiological assays revealed the tendency of Cassyopea® to preserve the biological activity of NewAgNPs® against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The preparation of silver nanoparticles directly into supramolecular aggregates instead of their loading in preformed state is unprecedented, and the data reported for NewAgNPs® and Cassyopea® highlight promising applications in nanotechnology.

Insecticidal Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Pelargonium Citronellum against Citrus Mealybug, Planococcus Citri

Planococcus citri is a common insect pest that poses a serious threat to citrus crops. Treatment of Planococcus citri with chemical pesticides causes harm to humans, animals, and the environment. This study aimed to use silver nanoparticles as potential alternatives to control this agricultural insect pest. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An absorbance peak at 425 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum showed the existence of AgNPs due to plasmon resonance. XRD patterns verified that the AgNPs possess a highly crystalline structure. SEM imaging showed that the AgNPs were spherical in shape with an average size of 12.4 nm. Toxicological tests of the prepared silver nanoparticles showed they are effective in insecticidal activities in different stages of the mealybug. Using the synthesized silver nanoparticles for more than 72 hours of treatment at a concentration of 100 ppm resulted in the highest killing rates of 40.0, 68.0, and 70.0% for the development of three stages of the mealybug, including eggs, the first age of nymphs, and adult females, respectively. The lowest percentage of the insecticidal efficacy of silver nanoparticles was recorded at a concentration of 5 ppm, reaching 62.75 and 4.6 % after 3 and 7 days, respectively. To our knowledge, it is noteworthy to report that nanoparticles were successfully synthesized from the extract of Pelargonium citronellum for the first time. The results have demonstrated the potential of natural extracts as a source of nanoparticles to manage mealybugs.

Harnessing nature's potential: Alpinia galanga methanolic extract mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticle, characterization and evaluation of anti-neoplastic activity.

With the advent of nanotechnology, the treatment of cancer is changing from a conventional to a nanoparticle-based approach. Thus, developing nanoparticles to treat cancer is an area of immense importance. We prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from methanolic extract of Alpinia galanga rhizome and characterized them by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Zetasizer, and Transmission electron Microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis spectrophotometry absorption spectrum showed surface plasmon between 400 and 480nm. FTIR spectrum analysis implies that various phytochemicals/secondary metabolites are involved in the reduction, caping, and stabilization of AgNPs. The Zetasier result suggests that the particles formed are small in size with a low polydispersity index (PDI), suggesting a narrow range of particle distribution. The TEM image suggests that the particles formed are mostly of spherical morphology with nearly 20-25nm. Further, the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) image showed five electron diffraction rings, suggesting the polycrystalline nature of the particles. The nanoparticles showed high anticancer efficacy against cervical cancer (SiHa) cell lines. The nanostructures showed dose-dependent inhibition with 40% killing observed at 6.25µg/mL dose. The study showed an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach to the synthesis of AgNPs and provided insight into the development of antioxidant and anticancer agents.

Antibacterial and anticancer activity of green synthesised silver nanoparticles using polysaccharides extracted from the marine alga Portieria hornemannii

The increasing incidence of cancer cases and multi-drug-resistant bacteria, which are major threats to humankind, forces the research world to innovate new molecules to deal with them. The main aim of the present work is to prepare silver nanoparticles using macroalgal polysaccharides and to study biological activities. The silver nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using polysaccharides extracted from the marine macro alga Portieria hornemannii by stirring them with 1 mM silver nitrate after 24 h at 90 ºC. The formed silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis, selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. UV-visible spectrum analysis revealed a surface plasmon peak at 380 nm, showing the development of silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticle size varied between 40 and 50 nm and the functional group was analyzed using FT-IR spectrum. The broadband was observed at 3304 cm-1 (hydroxyl and amino group) and the narrow band was observed at 2907 cm-1 (C–H stretching vibration), 1657 cm-1 (stretching of carbonyl groups), and 1001 cm-1 (C–O stretching vibration). The crystalline nature of silver NPs was confirmed by SAED. EDX analysis reveals the purity and the chemical composition of silver NPs. Nanoparticles were highly effective against Proteus mirabilis (24 mm zone of inhibition) and Bacillus substilis (24 mm zone of inhibition). The anticancer activity of the silver nanoparticles tested against colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines increased at increasing concentrations of nanoparticles.

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles Deposited on TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by a chemical method in which cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) extracted from pineapple leaves served as a stabilizing and reducing agent. In this study, pineapple leaves were oxidized by the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) to obtain CNFs. After the oxidation, the transformation from hydroxyl groups to carboxylate groups of cellulose was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and TEMPO-oxidized CNFs with a higher carboxylate content were obtained. Then, TEMPO-oxidized CNFs with a carboxylate content of 2.49 mmol/g and non-oxidized CNFs with a carboxylate content of 0.68 mmol/g were used as a reducing agent to synthesize AgNPs. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by color changes of the Ag solutions from white to yellow. Furthermore, AgNPs with an average diameter of 76.5 ± 22.15 nm were obtained when TEMPO-oxidized CNFs were used as a reducing agent, while non-oxidized CNFs generated AgNPs with a larger particle size of 181.2 ± 66.16 nm. This suggested that the TEMPO-oxidized CNFs could be used as a stabilizing and reducing agent for the synthesis of AgNPs with smaller diameters.

Preparation of silver nanoparticles modified SnO2 humidity sensor for tobacco storage environment detection

In this paper, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) modified SnO2 (Ag/SnO2) nanocomposite with excellent humidity performance was prepared by hydrothermal method. Experimental results demonstrate that AgNPs enhance the performance of the SnO2 humidity sensor, which is primarily attributed to increase the oxygen vacancies on the surface of the SnO2 through the incorporation of AgNPs. Density functional theory (DFT) demonstrated that more oxygen vacancies can enhance the chemical and physical adsorption energy of water molecules by SnO2, and decompose more water molecules into conductive H+ ions: simultaneously, the response/recovery times and hysteresis error of SnO2 are reduced. Compared to the SnO2 humidity sensor, Ag/SnO2 exhibits low humidity hysteresis (2.7%), relatively short response/recovery time (5/8 s) and high sensitivity (24292.3). Furthermore, the Ag/SnO2 humidity sensor employed in this study has successfully demonstrated its efficacy in detecting humidity levels within tobacco storage environments, which expands the potential applications of humidity sensors.

Potent biological activity of newly fabricated silver nanoparticles coated by a carbon shell synthesized by electrical arc

Highly effective AgNPs@C was efficiently synthesized by electrical arc powered by single spark unit which was sufficient to ionize the dielectric media (deionized water) through applying strong electric field between the electrodes (silver and carbon). The AgNPs@C shell was characterized in terms of stability, morphology and phase structure. All characterizations showed that the prepared silver nanoparticles were spherical with average size reached 17 nm coated with carbon shell. The antibacterial effect of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in comparison to Ceftazidime (commonly used antibiotic against P. aeruginosa infections). It was revealed that AgNPs@C shell has superior activity with inhibition zone diameter reached 15 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration reached 2 µg/mL. The observed activity was further confirmed by confocal microscope which showed an increased red region, representing the dead cells, correlated with the presence of AgNPs@C. Moreover, transmission electron microscope studies implied the possible AgNPs@C antibacterial mechanism of action was the nanoparticles adherence to the bacterial membrane causing cell lysis. The molecular studies against fimH (virulence adhesion gene), rmpA (mucoid factor encoding gene), and mrkA (biofilm forming gene) proved the inhibition of their genetic expression. The cytotoxic effect of the synthesized AgNPs@C showed CC50 reached 235.5 μg/mL against normal lung cells (L929 cell line).

Plant extract preparation and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Swertia chirata: Characterization and antimicrobial activity against selected human pathogens

Herbal medicinal plants have been used for centuries in traditional medicine, and it is interesting to see how modern research has identified the active compounds responsible for their therapeutic effects. The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using herbal medicinal plants, such as Swertia chirata, is particularly noteworthy due to its antimicrobial properties. In the current study, the Swertia chirata plant was collected for the first time from the region of Murree, Punjab, Pakistan. After collection, extracts were prepared in different solvents (ethanol, methanol, chloroform, and distilled water), and silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing silver nitrate (AgNO3). The UV–visible spectrophotometer, SEM, and EDX were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles in terms of their size and shape. The phytochemical analysis of crude extract was performed to determine the presence of different kinds of phytochemicals. The antibacterial activity of plant extracts and the silver nanoparticles were then assessed using the agar well diffusion method against various pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that the plant contains several phytochemicals with remarkable antioxidant potential. The antibacterial analysis revealed that silver nanoparticles and the plant extracts exhibited a significant zone of inhibition against human pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, S. capitis, B. subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) as compared to the cefixime and norfloxacin. This implies that the nanoparticles have the potential to be used in nano-medicine applications, such as drug delivery systems, as well as for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. Additionally, the development and application of materials and technologies at the nanometer scale opens possibilities for the creation of novel drugs and therapies. Overall, the study highlights the promising potential of herbal medicinal plants found in Murree, Punjab, Pakistan, and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles in various fields of medicine and nanotechnology.

Development and Characterization Silver Nitrate Nanoparticles Gel containing Benzoyl peroxide for the Treatment of Acne

Acne is a type of skin infection. It usually happens during puberty, when the sebaceous (oil) glands begin to function. Androgens are produced by the male and female adrenal glands and stimulate the glands. Acne vulgaris is a type of acne that means "common acne." It is a skin infection caused by sebaceous gland changes. The red colour is caused by skin inflammation caused by infection in the skin. Acne is a general skin condition that is associated with pimples and is common among teenagers. An anti-acne gel of Benzoyl peroxide containing silver nanoparticle was prepared using carbopol as a polymer and water as a solvent, and then incorporated into a topical gel using a magnetic stirrer. The product was checked for its physicochemical properties. The prepared gel’s pH, spread ability, drug content, viscosity, drug release, and antibacterial activity were statistically optimized and evaluated. The antibacterial and anti-acne activities of the various formulations were checked and compared with commercially available formulations using a modified agar well diffusion method for Staphylococcus aureus cultures. Prepared topical gel of Benzoyl peroxide was shown the pH range 5 to 6, viscosity 434±36.56 to 651±41.43 cp, spread ability range 15.29 to 24. 51g.cm/sec, zone of inhibition ranges 12.23 to 21.65mm, drug content ranges 91.26±0.74 to 98.74±0.63%, the drug release of gel formulation was after 12 hour was 80.74 to 71.52. The preparation of silver nanoparticles and incorporation into the Benzoyl peroxide-containing gel were done successfully. Various evaluations, i.e., the physiochemical analysis, spread ability, viscosity, drug content, drug release, and antibacterial study were done. This study demonstrates that the gel has a good texture, is easily spreadable, has high bioavailability, and is effective in treating acne.

In Situ Preparation of Dehydrodieugenol-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles and their Antischistosomal Activity.

Schistosomiasis is a major neglected disease that imposes a substantial worldwide health burden, affecting approximately 250 million people globally. As praziquantel is the only available drug to treat schistosomiasis, there is a critical need to identify new anthelmintic compounds, particularly from natural sources. To enhance the activity of different natural products, one potential avenue involves its combination with silver nanoparticles (AgNP). Based on this approach, a one-step green method for the in situ preparation of dehydrodieugenol (DHDG) by oxidation coupling reaction using silver and natural eugenol is presented. AgNP formation was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy due to the appearance of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 430 nm which is characteristic of silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were spherical with sizes in the range of 40 to 50 nm. Bioassays demonstrated that the silver nanoparticles loaded with DHDG exhibited significant anthelmintic activity against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms without toxicity to mammalian cells and an in vivo animal model (Caenorhabditis elegans), contributing to the development of new prototypes based on natural products for the treatment of schistosomiasis.

One-step preparation of silver nanoparticle containing polymer nanocomposites via stereolithography technique

As a technique that uses ultraviolet light to cure photo-polymers layer by layer with high spatial resolution and surface quality, stereolithography (SLA) allows for precise process control and optimization for various UV-curable polymers and their nanocomposites with various nanoparticles. In this study, UV-curable polymer nanocomposites were prepared with the addition of different contents of silver nitrate via SLA technique for use in antibacterial applications. In-situ synthesis of AgNPs was achieved during the SLA process without any additional treatments. The effect of AgNO3 addition on the curing of the resin and the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite specimens were investigated. To understand the fracture mechanism of the nanocomposite samples, the fractured surfaces of the samples were evaluated by SEM, and the AgNO3 content of the nanocomposite was evaluated by EDX. The nanocomposites containing 0.3 wt. % AgNO3 exhibited improved mechanical properties. Further increasing the AgNO3 content to 3 wt. % led to deterioration in the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposites.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FICUS LACOR METALLIC PARTICLES BASED NANOGEL FOR WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY

Objective: Since there is no evidence of silver nanoparticle preparation using the Ficus lacor plant, our present study was designed to synthesise silver nanoparticles using a Ficus lacor leaves extract, which was expected to show an enhanced wound healing activity with greater advantages of green synthesis.
 Methods: In the present study, silver nanoparticles were prepared using Ficus lacor leaf extract and the prepared nanoparticles were characterised by Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy and Particle size analysis later a topical gel is prepared and its effectiveness was evaluated by using animal excision wound model.
 Results: The study results showed that the Ficus lacor-based silver nanoparticle topical gel on an animal excision wound model exhibited almost similar wound healing activity in comparison with standard marketed product.
 Conclusion: This study concluded that Ficus lacor-silver nanoparticle gel showed considerable improvement in the excision wound model and hence this can be a promising candidate in wound healing.

Panax ginseng root aqueous extract mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles under ultrasound condition and investigation of the treatment of human lung adenocarcinoma with following the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

In the current study, ultrasound-assisted biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was described according to green chemistry rules by the aqueous extract of root’s Panax ginseng. The biosynthesized Ag NPs were characterized using different techniques, like FE-SEM, UV–Vis, EDS, elemental mapping and TEM. The shape, morphology and elemental composition of the prepared silver nanoparticles were studied by the FE-SEM and EDS data. The TEM image shows the monodispersed and spherical nanoparticles of size ranging from 20 to 40 nm. Colorimetric DPPH tests were done to assess the antioxidant capacity of Ag NPs and the MTT method to investigate the cytotoxicity against PC14 lung adenocarcinoma cell line as well as the normal HUVEC cell linein vitro. The IC50 of the Ag NPs nanocomposite was 157 µg/mL against PC14 cancer cell line. The Ag NPs nanocomposite increased the LDH release, apoptosis and ROS levels and regulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the PC14 cells.

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Rubus fruticosus extract and their antibacterial efficacy against Erwinia caratovora and Ralstonia solanacearum phytopathogens.

In the current research, we produced green, cost-effective, eco-friendly silver nanoparticles using a single-step approach. Plants are considered highly desirable systems for nanoparticle synthesis because they possess a variety of secondary metabolites with significant reduction potential. In the current research, the dried leaf extract of Rubus fruticosus was utilized as a capping and reducing agent for the fabrication of silver nanoparticles, to prepare reliable biogenic silver nanoparticles and subsequently to investigate their potential against some common phytopathogens. The prepared silver nanoparticles were exploited to quantify the total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH-based antioxidant activity. Different concentrations of aqueous extracts of plant leaves and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were reacted, and the color change of the reactant mixture confirmed the formation of Rubus fruticosus leaf-mediated silver nanoparticles (RFL-AgNPs). A series of characterization techniques such as UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction revealed the successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance peak appeared at 449 nm. XRD analysis demonstrated the crystalline nature, EDX confirmed the purity, and TEM demonstrated that the nanoparticles are mostly spherical in form. Furthermore, the biosynthesized nanoparticles were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic and flavonoid content. The nanoparticles were used in different concentrations alone and in combination with plant extracts to inhibit Erwinia caratovora and Ralstonia solanacearum. In high-throughput assays used to inhibit these plant pathogens, the nanoparticles were highly toxic against bacterial pathogens. This study can be exploited for planta assays against phytopathogens utilizing the same formulations for nanoparticle synthesis and to develop potent antibacterial agents to combat plant diseases.

Synergistic Antibacterial Efficacy of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Methanolic Stem Extract of Tinospora Cordifolia and Hydrogen Peroxide

The research is aimed to assess the joint antibacterial effects of hydrogen peroxide and methanolic stem extract (SNP-MSE)-prepared silver nanoparticles against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Utilizing MSE under sunlight, biogenic silver nanoparticles were produced, with their properties characterised using FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopies. Turbidimetry determined the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of SNP-MSE, H2O2, and their varied combinations at different concentrations. Agar well diffusion assessed the zone of inhibition. The study comprised three groups: Group 1 assessed SNP-MSE, Group 2 H2O2, and Group 3 their combination. A sample size of 9 (3 per group) was determined with an 80% pretest G power. At 1 μg/ml SNP-MSE, no inhibition zone was observed; for 0.625 mM H2O2, it measured 7.81 ± 0.464 mm; and for the combined treatment, 14.01 ± 0.478 mm. The combined treatment significantly (p=<0.001, p<0.05) outperformed SNP-MSE and H2O2 alone in antibacterial efficacy. Additionally, the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) index, below 1, signified synergy between SNP-MSE and H2O2. These findings suggest their collaborative action in eradicating K. pneumoniae. Their synergistic potency proposes a potential novel antibacterial agent, potentially reducing H2O2 side effects, expediting infection recovery, and enhancing overall health.

Fusarium oxysporum; its enhanced entomopathogenic activity with acidic silver nanoparticles against Rhipicephalus microplus ticks.

Fusarium oxysporum is an entomopathogenic fungus, and it has anti-biological activity against arthropods. Ticks are blood sucking arthropods which are responsible for transmitting different diseases in humans and animals. The use of chemical insecticides against ticks is not eco-friendly option and results in the development of acaricide resistance. Previously, we had cultured a local isolate of Fusarium oxysporum from soil samples which were identified through microscopy and confirmed through molecular technique. In our previous experiments, we have prepared Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) at pH 7 and they had been characterized through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV-visible and zeta-potential. In our current study, the AgNP were prepared at different pH conditions and characterized through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The protein molecules of F. oxysporum were charged with Ag ions. F. oxysporum NP were observed to enhance anti-biological activity by killing Rhipicephalus microplus and they caused 100% mortality at pH 4 and pH 5 in 24 h in anti-tick biological assay. Our study is the first report to do biological assay against Rhipicehalus ticks by using Fusarium AgNP at acidic pH. Biological control using entomopathogenic fungi can be the best alternative of the chemical method to control the tick population.

Hierarchical plant extracts in silver nanoparticles preparation: Minuscular survey to achieve enhanced bioactivities

Extracts obtained from M. longifolia (Lamiaceae) and R. ellipticus (Rosaceae) were selected to utilize in the reduction and stabilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for achieving remarkable bioactivities. In brief, the cytotoxic potential of the as synthesize AgNPs was high at higher concentrations. In DPPH assay, maximum antioxidant potential was shown by AgNPs synthesized from M. longifolia. Meanwhile, Methanolic extracts exhibited more antioxidant potential than chloroform based extracts.Further, brine shrimp lethality assay was carried out to achieve 34.6 μg/mL & 25.65 μg/mL LD50 values against the NPs prepared from M. and R., respectively. In addition, antioxidant activities were carried by ABTS Radical cation assay where 38.6 μg/mL and 47 μg/mL IC50 values were obtained for the NPs obtained from M. longifolia and R. ellipticus, respectively. Reducing power assay (0.370–0.15 and 0.37–0.26 mean absorbance) and DPPH (% scavenging: 88.91–46.48 and 88.91–44.78) percentages were recorded for M. and R. synthesized AgNPs, respectively.In brief, M. longifolia functionalized particles performed better in comparison to R. ellipticus treated particles. In addition, the nano assembly dispersed in polar solvent demonstrated better results in comparison to non-polar solvents.In conclusion, the as synthesized AgNPs were better in bioactivities than crude extracts of the selected plants.In future, this work could be extended to isolating active components for the nanofabrication of biologically intelligent nanoparticles for pharmacological interest. In the proposed investigation, the purified bioactivities fractions would be highlighted for further consideration in various medical treatments.

Preparation of Allium Cepa Peel Extract-mediated Silver Nanoparticles: A Hair Dye Formulation.

The burgeoning field of nanotechnology has ushered in innovative Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) that enhance the efficacy, safety, and patient compliance of pharmaceutical treatments. This study explores the synthesis and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using green chemistry approaches, specifically leveraging plant extracts as reducing agents. AgNPs, known for their unique physical and chemical properties, including antimicrobial capabilities, offer significant potential in modern drug delivery. This study investigates the potential of using Allium cepa peel waste for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. This study also revealed the resultant formation of silver nanoparticles through microscopy and UV spectroscopy, which were further analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. This green synthesis method not only aligns with environmentally friendly practices but also provides a cost-effective and scalable approach to nanoparticle production. We formulated a hair dye incorporating these AgNPs and evaluated its physicochemical parameters, demonstrating enhanced performance compared to control formulations without nanoparticles. This work underscores the promise of green-synthesized nanoparticles in developing advanced drug delivery systems, offering insights into future applications in anticancer and antimicrobial treatments. Our findings advocate for the broader adoption of sustainable nanotechnology in pharmaceutical sciences, potentially revolutionizing the treatment landscape with safer and more effective therapeutic options.