Preschool Educational Organizations Research Articles

Первопроходцы дошкольного образования в России С. А. Люгебиль и А. С. Симонович

The aim of the study is to characterize the efforts of Sofia Andreevna Lyugebil (1824-1914) and Adelaida Semyonovna Simonovich (1844-1933) to open the very first preschool institutions in Russia. The article reveals little-known facts of their biographies and provides data on their practical teaching activities. The text of the article includes memoirs of contemporaries (E. N. Vodovozova, the ‘Sovremennik’ journal), as well as those of former students (A. N. Benois, I. V. Petrashen) of K. I. May’s private gymnasium, where S. A. Lyugebil worked. The scientific novelty of the study lies in introducing into scientific use factual material related to the initial stage of preschool education development in Russia, which remains little known. The participation of S. A. Lyugebil, A. S. Simonovich and their spouses in the work of the first Russian pedagogical society is noted. The contribution of A. S. Simonovich to the development of the theory of preschool education is characterized, her efforts to open the ‘Detsky sad’ journal, the first Russian periodical on preschool subjects, are shown. Information is provided on the initial stage of the organization of preschool education abroad, as well as in Russia (in the pre-Soviet period). The publication of the article coincides with the 200th anniversary of the birth of S. A. Lyugebil and the 180th anniversary of the birth of A. S. Simonovich.

Legal Basis for the Management of a Preschool Educational Organization

The article covers the legal framework for the management of the preschool educational organization and the essence of the comprehensive reforms carried out in this area.
 The author also cited his views on this as priorities for the development of the preschool education system.

Activities of the teacher in organizing interaction between the family and the preschool educational organization

The article examines the activities of a teacher in organizing interaction between a family and a preschool educational organization. During the presentation of the material, the basic concepts are revealed: cooperation, interaction, partnership; goals, objectives and principles for building interaction between a preschool educational organization and parents (legal representatives) of preschool children, as well as work-oriented areas of activity for the teacher.

НАСТАВНИЧЕСТВО В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОМ СТАНОВЛЕНИИ УЧИТЕЛЕЙ-ЛОГОПЕДОВ ДОШКОЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ

One of the most relevant areas in pedagogy is speech therapy, that is, activities aimed at correcting speech disorders, focused on creating conditions for full-fl edged education and upbringing of children with certain speech abnormalities. A speech therapist should have knowledge and experience in such areas as education, upbringing, student development, organization of interaction with subjects of education, formation of the educational environment, innovation, etc. It is obvious that many novice speech therapy teachers experience competence defi cits, which requires a search for forms and approaches in the development of their professional potential. The article examines the role of mentoring in the professional development of beginning speech therapy teachers. It is proved that mentoring in the formation of speech therapy teachers in preschool educational organizations allows you to develop the professional potential of a teacher, quickly and effi ciently solve emerging problems. Mentoring for novice speech therapists of preschool educational organizations is considered as an integral characteristic of a specialist, consisting of a set of abilities, and formed at three interrelated levels: requirements for the competence of a novice speech therapist teacher; assessment of the level of competence formation of a novice speech therapist teacher; elimination of professional defi cits of a novice speech therapist teacher.

PROJECT ACTIVITY IN PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOLERS

The given article discusses the project activity as one of the effective forms of patriotic education of preschoolers. The issue of patriotism cultivation, its purpose and features are analyzed. The importance of the project activity in the patriotism development in preschoolers in a preschool educational organization is considered, as well as a pedagogical project – as a didactic tool that allows one to teach design. The stages of the project development, its types and tasks are consecrated.

Fears of modern preschool children in a sociocultural context

The study is devoted to the problem of exposure of the senior preschool age children to various kinds of fears in connection with the sociocultural context, which is understood as a factor of the macroenvironment. The beginning of the 2020s is associated with large-scale events that have a significant impact on the life and well-being of the population. This is the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021) and the aggravation of the socio-political situation in the world (2022–2023). The study involved 127 children aged 5–6 years attending preschool educational organizations, who were offered the “Fears in the Houses” methodology by A. I. Zakharov and M. A. Panfilova. Data from a parent survey and analysis of documentation from preschool educational organizations were also used. It was found that the profiles of fears of children examined in 2019, 2021 and 2023 are quite similar; most of the identified fears in modern preschoolers correspond to age standards for children 5–7 years of age according to A. I. Zakharov, which allows us to talk about the universality of the age-related patterns and reasons for the appearance of fears in children described by him. The specificity of the cultural and historical context of modern childhood has manifested itself in the fact that the list of frightening characters has changed significantly: the heroes of virtual games in the horror genre are replacing the heroes of traditional children’s fairy tales. A comparative analysis of the results obtained in 2019, 2021 and 2023 confirmed the greater exposure to fears of preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the absence of an increase in the number of fears in children amid the worsening geopolitical situation in the world. It was found that during the pandemic, not only the number of specific medical fears in children increased, but also the number of fears that are not directly related to illness and death increased, which demonstrates the substitutive nature of fears in children and is of great importance for practical psychology.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕКСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПОЗИТИВНОГО ИМИДЖА ЧАСТНОЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОЙ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ

Based on theoretical and empirical analysis, the article substantiates the socio-psychological factors and conditions for the formation of the image of a private preschool educational organization. A multilevel structure of the image of private preschool educational organizations is proposed, the elements of which are the components of trust, attractiveness and evaluation of competitive advantages, as well as their criteria and indicators. The definition and extended characteristics of the concepts are given: "image of a private educational organization", "image carriers", "image agents", "image consumers". The authors point out that the main condition for the formation of the image of this type of educational organization is the systematic monitoring of socio-psychological indicators and the popularization of its results in the media. In order to test the author's hypothesis, multidimensional questionnaires were developed and used aimed at identifying the professional and managerial competence of the organization's leaders; indicators of professional satisfaction of staff; identifying the features of parental inquiry in private and public preschool educational organizations. To verify the results, an expert survey was conducted with the involvement of independent expert groups. The results of comprehensive monitoring made it possible to empirically identify and statistically substantiate a number of factors that ensure the formation of the image of a private preschool educational organization. The main factors are: the factor of consumer demand, the factor of competence of the head and staff; the factor of social networks; the factor of positioning; the factor of social activity; the factor of localization; monetary and regulatory factors.

Psychological and pedagogical approaches prevention and correction of social health deviations preschoolers with disabilities in the preschool education system

The article reveals approaches to the prevention and correction of deviations in the social health of preschool children with severe speech impairments in a preschool educational organization

MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

The article presents an overview of the best practices in the application of early childhood development technologies in preschool educational organizations, which were identified and selected as part of the All-Russian competition announced by the Federal Center for Scientific and Methodological Support of Teaching Staff and Management Personnel (FNMC), operating on the basis of the Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semenov- Chan-From September 19 to October 20, 2023 in the direction of «Modern technologies of early childhood develop- ment in preschool».

ПУТИ И СПОСОБЫ СОХРАНЕНИЯ БУРЯТСКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ДЕТСКОЙ СРЕДЕ

The problem of preserving the native language still remains acute, especially among children. Childhood is a special period of human development, the child’s active acquisition of spoken language, the formation and development of all aspects of speech - phonetic, lexical, and grammatical. Our research shows that the number of preschool children who do not understand and do not speak their native Buryat language is increasing from year to year. A very specific situation has developed that requires analysis and special attention from authorities and educational structures and the general public. The author reflects on this and on the ways and means of preserving the native Buryat language in children's environment, shares his experience of conducting and the results of experimental activities on organizing a monolingual speech development environment in preschool educational organizations. The author describes the experience of organizing parent clubs to include parents in educational activities.

Assessment of the effectiveness of the physical education process in preschool educational organizations

Diagnostic control model is analyzed through special exercises, standardized measurements or tests to evaluate the effectiveness of the process of physical education in preschool educational institutions.

Течение энтеровирусной инфекции у детей в Краснодарском крае на современном этапе

Objective. To determine the clinical and epidemiologic features of the course of enterovirus infection (EVI) in Krasnodar Krai. Patients and methods. We analyzed the case histories of children who were treated in the State Budgetary Institution "SKDIB" of Krasnodar from January 2020 to November 2023. For the period from 01.01.2020 to 30.06.2022, out of 1560 patients with suspected acute infectious pathology, EVI was detected in 98 children, of whom boys accounted for 59.2% (n = 58), girls – 40.8% (n = 40). After removal of restrictions on new coronavirus infection from 01.07.2022 to November 2023, EVI was detected in 366 out of 2607 examined patients, of which boys accounted for 55.3% (n = 202), girls – 44.7% (n = 164). Most children (231, 63.1%) came from organized groups. In all forms of EVI, nasopharyngeal swabs, feces, and vesicle contents were examined by polymerase chain reaction; enterovirus RNA was detected in all patients. Molecular typing of enteroviruses was performed in the Federal Budgetary Institution "Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Krasnodar Krai". Results. It was revealed that exanthem and neurological forms prevailed during the given periods of observation.Of neurological lesions of EVI, enteroviral meningitis remains the leading form, which as an independent form occurred in 66.9% of cases, in combination with herpangina, exanthema, diarrhea – in 33.1%. The incidence rate of enteroviral meningitis for the period from 07.2022 to 11.2023 is 36.6%, the proportion of encephalitis increased to 2.7%. In the age structure of EVI cases for the period from 01.2020 to 06.2022, the main share was children aged 1 to 3 years old (42, 41.1%), for the period 07.2022–11.2023 – children from 4 to 6 years old (219, 59.9%). Conclusion. All age groups of children were involved in the epidemic process, but children aged 1 to 3 years (45.9%) and 7 to 14 years (22.4%) were sick more often, with the highest number of cases registered in preschool and school educational organizations. The greatest risk of developing severe forms of EVI is observed in children from risk groups. In recent years, there are still risks of epidemic rise in the incidence of exanthem and minor forms of EVI associated with the spread of Coxsackie A6, A16 and other viruses of the Coxsackie A and B species, the probability of spread of enterovirus A71 and possible resumption of circulation of EUNO 30 virus cannot be excluded. Key words: children, enterovirus infection, enteroviral exanthema, enteroviral meningitis, clinic

SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP AS A RESOURCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION

The article provides an overview of a number of studies by scientists on the definition of the concept and relevance of social partnership (SP) in the preschool education system. The mechanism and principles of interaction of a preschool educational organization (preschool educational institution) with social institutions are considered. The author sys- tematizes and reveals the main directions of interaction between preschool educational institutions and society.

SYSTEM APPROACH IN THE METHODOLOGY OF THE FORMATION MODEL OF A DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF A DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

The article formulates the provisions of a systematic approach to the formation of a digital educational environment of preschool educational organizations as a methodological approach that ensures its structure and integrity.

Organization of the internal infrastructure of the preschool educational organization, taking into account the purpose and principles the purpose and principles of the federal educational program of preschool education.

The article presents the experience of a phased system of work on the organization of the internal infrastructure of a preschool educational institution, taking into account the purpose and principles of the federal educational program of preschool education. Recommendations are given on how to differentiate all manuals and toys by educational areas. The article will be of interest to managers, senior educators or educators of preschool educational institutions.

Модернизация здания дошкольного образования

The article deals with the survey of a preschool educational organization for 220 places. Determination of physical wear and tear and recommendations for extending the life cycle of buildings of preschool educational organizations. Based on statistical data, it is established that 50% of buildings have a satisfactory technical condition, and the remaining 50% have an unsatisfactory technical condition. In order to extend the life cycle of preschool education buildings that have a satisfactory condition, it is advisable to carry out major repairs, and for buildings with unsatisfactory technical condition, it is advisable to carry out reconstruction. According to the results of the survey of the preschool educational building, the main defects and damages of building structures are given, as well as measures to eliminate them have been developed.

INFLUENCE OF MUSIC ON SPIRITUALITY

The article discusses the role of music in human life, its educational significance, and its role in the system of aesthetic education. Based on the opinions of famous scientists, it is shown that music is an integral part of the aesthetic education of young people in the family, preschool educational organizations, as well as in the school system. Taking into account that music is a powerful educational tool, it is emphasized that it is necessary to pay more serious attention to music lessons in preschool educational organizations.

INTERACTION OF THE TEACHER AND PARENTS IN THE EDUCATION OF A CULTURE OF SAFE BEHAVIOR OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

This article discusses the theoretical aspects of the interaction of a teacher of a preschool educational organization and parents (legal representatives) in the education of a culture of safe behavior of children. The relevance of the problem under consideration is due to the tasks of the state policy in the field of education, where one of the most important is declared – the upbringing of the younger generation. The Federal State Program of Preschool Education (FOP) and the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education (FGOS) define modern guidelines for building relationships between a preschool educational organization and the families of pupils. Among the basic principles of preschool education, the cooperation of the kindergarten with the family is distinguished. One of the most important tasks solved in these documents is to provide psychological and pedagogical support to the family and to increase the competence of parents in the development and education of children, protection and strengthening of their health [2, p. 3]. This determines the need to choose means and methods in the upbringing of children, which must begin with the first level of education - preschool childhood. It is at this level of formation of a future citizen that it is necessary to form a conscious and responsible attitude to personal safety and the safety of people around him, as well as reasonable actions in problematic situations. The most important acquisition of preschool age is the ability to adapt to a rapidly changing environment and consistent behavior that ensures a safe existence in this environment. The authors of the article analyzed the different points of view of scientists on the problem of interaction, presented the forms, methods and means of interaction between teachers and parents, revealed the various social roles of parents in the upbringing of children

The Importance of Innovation Technologies in The Development of Reading and Writing Skills of School Children

The preschool system is the primary, most basic link in continuing education. "According to the scientific conclusions of specialists and educators, a person receives 70% of all information and information that he receives during his lifetime at the age of 5 years. This argument clearly demonstrates how important the education of the preschool educational organization is in the maturation of our children as a mature and competent person. There is no need to go far in search of additional proof of this. It is not difficult to notice that there is a celestial difference between the level of their thinking and the level of their thinking when comparing a child who received preschool education with a child who did not go to preschool education. That is why we raised the issue of revising the preschool education system to the level of Public Policy and began a great deal of work on this. If we do not carry out this work carefully in every possible way, it will be difficult for us to achieve a qualitative change in the entire educational system, to ensure the continuity of Education, " Shavkat Mirziyoyev noted “Today it is difficult to imagine all areas of the socio-spiritual life of our country without information technology.” “And it should be noted that there is not yet a qualitative and complete solution to the problems of teaching children and young people in-depth special subjects, the history of our country and world civilization, foreign languages and modern computer programs.

Competencies of heads of preschool educational organizations in the theory and practice of mentoring in the Russian Federation

Competencies of heads of preschool educational organizations in the theory and practice of mentoring in the Russian Federation