Education Of Preschool Children Research Articles

Practice and innovation inclusive education in pre-school institutions

Inclusive education in pre-school education is a general policy and practice in European countries, but implementation of the policy varies from country to country depending on institutional, legal factors, funding, access to pre-school education and pedagogical concepts. The aim of the study is to analyze the practice and innovation of inclusive education in pre-school institutions in Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia. Features of the practice of inclusive education for pre-school children have been determined on the basis of qualitative and quantitative methodology, content analysis and statistical analysis. The results indicate that there are differences in the inclusive education of pre-school children in these countries. Therefore, the practice of inclusive education in the Czech Republic is very different where children of pre-school age are highly involved in formal education, study in special groups to a greater extent and in completely separate educational institutions, and to a lesser extent in special pre-school institutions. Segregation in the Czech Republic is more intense, and therefore the level of inclusion is much lower. It was found that models of inclusion in pre-school education institutions in these countries can be defined as a model of full inclusion in Poland and Hungary (79.68% and 82.18%, respectively), partial inclusion in Slovakia and the Czech Republic (64.85% and 19.74% respectively). The Czech Republic differs significantly from Poland, Hungary and Slovakia in inclusive education for pre-school children.

Дослідження психолого-педагогічної типологізації затримки психічного розвитку школярів

У дослідженні представлено аналізування затримкипсихічного розвитку школярів. Окреслено, що дослі-джуваний стан охоплює усю психічну сферу дитиний відображається в особливостях розвитку пізна-вальних процесів, недоліках мовлення, незрілостіскладних форм поведінки, недоліках цілеспрямова-ної діяльності на тлі надмірної виснажуваності, пору-шеннях працездатності, енцефалопатичних розладах.Мета – теоретично обґрунтувати і реалізувати психо-лого-педагогічну типологізацію затримки психічногорозвитку школярів; розкрити ключові шляхи органі-зації та оптимізації навчання дітей з різними типами затримки психічного розвитку; сформувати рекомен-дації щодо найоптимальнішої траєкторії вибору дляних навчального закладу. Методи дослідження –аналізування та узагальнення принципово важливихаспектів реформування освіти осіб з особливимипотребами. Для дефініції затримки психічного роз-витку школярів використано кластерний аналіз мето-дом k-середніх, для визначення взаємозв’язку міжмотиваційним, операційним та рефлексивно-оцін-ним компонентами навчальної діяльності засто-совано метод кореляційного аналізу r-Пірсона прир≤0.01; р≤0.05. Акцентовано увагу на поступі інклюзіїв цілому, діяльності інклюзивно-ресурсних центрів(ІРЦ), дошкільної і переддошкільної ланок освітидітей з особливими потребами і, реалізації можли-востей таких дітей в освітньому середовищі. Результати. Встановлено, що ієрархія порушень психічнихфункцій при затримці психічного розвитку інша, ніжпри розумовій відсталості. Показано, що при затримціпсихічного розвитку недосконалим є не власне мис-лення, зокрема здатність до абстрагування та уза-гальнення, а дефіцитарність “передумов” мислення,тобто когнітивних процесів: пам’яті, уваги, просторо-вого гнозису, інших вищих коркових функцій, темпупсихічних процесів. Висновки. Обґрунтовано і дове-дено, що важливе значення для забезпечення ефек-тивної інтеграції дітей з особливими освітніми потре-бами у навчальний заклад має правильно визначенаосвітня траєкторія дитини з огляду на її психічні мож-ливості та навчально-пізнавальні здібності.

The effectiveness of the using moveable games, metered running, breathing exercises in the physical therapy of orphans born to HIV-infected mothers

Aim: to develop and experimentally substantiate the method of physical education for orphans born to HIV-infected mothers, based on the use of moveable games for the development of physical qualities, metered running, breathing exercises in orphanage conditions.
 Material and methods: 28 children of 5-6 years old took part in the experiment. The experimental group included orphans born to HIV-infected mothers (14 children). The control group consisted of orphans with poor health (14 children). The research was carried out on the basis of the health care institution "Regional specialized children's home" Green Gai "for orphans and children left without parental care. The experiment lasted for 12 months, at the beginning and at the end of the experiment anthropometric studies, functional state testing (spirography, Genchi's test, Stange's test), physical fitness tests (running from a high start at 30 meters, a long jump from the spot, throwing a ball from - for the head, standing)
 Results: An experimental method of physical education for orphans in an orphanage, born to HIV-infected mothers, was developed and implemented. The technique includes the use of moveable games for the development of physical qualities, dosed running exercises and complexes of respiratory gymnastics, taking into account the age characteristics of children of preschool age. A significant improvement (p<0,05) in the indicators of physical development, functional state and physical fitness of children in the experimental group was shown in comparison with the control group.
 Conclusions: As a result of using the proposed method, it was possible to reduce the incidence of acute respiratory infections in children born to HIV-infected mothers from 8-10 to 4-3 times a year. It has been established that the simplicity and availability of the developed methods of organizing physical education allows them to be used not only by specialists in the field of physical education of preschool children, but also by educators of preschool institutions.

The perspectives of parents in relation to the concepts of the quality of pre-school education. Analysis of research discourse

Abstract This theoretical study analyses interpretation of quality in pre-school education with regard to the position of the children’s parents. This text is supported by research papers, mostly from the last two decades, and is based on three main sub-topics. The importance and benefits of systematic pre-school education for the child and the economic development of society is initially discussed. High-quality pre-school education for children gives them a strong start in their educational career and investment into effective education during the pre-school age provides a social and economic return to the whole of society. The following section defines the term quality and its interpretation in relation to education. Quality is interpreted through structure and process, the multi-dimensionality of quality and the objectiveness and subjectiveness of the interpretation of the quality of pre-school education are reflected. The interesting but undervalued position of parents, the perspectives of which are elaborated on in subsequent passages, appear in these concepts. This paper comes to two main conclusions. The first is that the quality of education is a multi-dimensional, variable and difficult to define concept. The second is that, although the status of parents in relation to pre-school education is strong, it is not adequately taken into consideration during definition of quality. When evaluating quality the perspective of the parents is only utilised to a limited degree, because it usually has different semantics to evaluation by experts.

Model of interaction between libraries and preschool educational institutions in terms of the moral and aesthetic education of preschool children

Nowadays, the role of educational and cultural institutions in the process of early formation of moral and aesthetic qualities of the child is greatly increasing, which becomes an additional incentive to search for new forms of work with preschoolers in children's libraries and cultural institutions. For effective implementation of such interaction, a universal model of interdepartmental interaction was developed on the basis of the project method using Internet platforms and innovative technologies for constant communication with preschoolers and their parents. The model is based on the creation of a unified cultural and educational space using specific and general approaches to the moral and aesthetic education of preschool children. During the verifying stage of the experiment, children aged 3 to 7 years and their parents took part. 4276 preschoolers took part in the experiment implemented on the basis of Internet platforms. To analyse the effectiveness of the developed model, a survey of parents, library staff, and teachers was conducted, as well as a study of the results of the children's creative activity. Analysis of the results of the initial levels presented in table 4 showed that preschoolers are eager to participate in projects, their parents noted that the creative activity has increased, especially in CG at an average and high level from 50.4% to 69.9% and from 7.7% to 18.8%, respectively. In EG, the low and high levels of indicators increased from 7.7% and 50.4% to 11.3% and 69.9%, respectively. The results of control levels show that the quality of moral and aesthetic education of preschool children in the formative experiment is significantly higher. Integrated project data showed an average absolute increase from -55% to 40%. The materials of the article can be useful for implementation in educational and cultural institutions, for further theoretical research and practical development in the field of moral and aesthetic education of preschool children.

Organization of Environmental Education of Preschoolers in the Conditions of the Natural and Socio-Cultural Environment of the Kindergarten

Currently, there is a need to improve the theory and practice of environmental education of preschool children in kindergarten and to transit to education for sustainable development. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the organization of environmental education of preschool children in kindergarten aimed at understanding the natural and socio-cultural ecosystems. Ecological systems are the universal units of the structure of the surrounding world. The focus of pedagogical activity on the organization of children’s cognitive and research activities in the ecosystems of the nearest natural and socio-cultural environment in the area of the nearest development of preschool age children allows enriching the subjective experience of children with ecological content – the basis of future ecological intuition. Ecological-system approach to the modeling of the educational process allows uniting all forms of organization of life and types of children’s activity in an educational institution into a single succession system. The basis for organizing the cognitive and research activity of preschoolers is the interest, cognitive needs and cognitive activity of children. The process of environmental l education fulfills the role of a systemic mechanism for reflecting and modeling the pictures of the surrounding world in the process of cognitive-research and creative activity in the areas of the nearest development and self-development of children. As a result of testing this organization system in practice of kindergartens activities, teachers note its convenience, effectiveness and positive results in the development of children.

Improving the Physical Fitness of Preschool Children with Mental Disorders by Means of Recreational Aerobics

The relevance of the topic presented is due to the fact that there is currently a contradiction between the increasing number of children with disabilities in preschool educational institutions, and the increasing requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Pre-school Education to the level of development of health components. Step aerobics is one of the effective means of solving the problems of improving the health, motor activity and functional capabilities of preschool children. The study has developed and experimentally substantiated the content of recreational aerobics classes in preschool educational establishments for children with mental disorders. The positive influence of offered means on indicators of physical development and physical readiness of preschool children having mental infringements is revealed. The aim of this research is to develop and experimentally substantiate the content of recreational aerobics classes at a preschool educational institution for children with mental disabilities. The study found a positive impact of the proposed funds on the indicators of physical development and physical fitness of preschool children with mental disorders. The materials can be used in the process of physical education of preschool children with disabilities, as well as in physical education classes in kindergartens, child development centers, physical education, and fitness classes for children.

Влияние экономического развития муниципального района на дошкольное образование (на примере Республики Башкортостан)

The article highlights the problems of preschool education in the municipal district, which is the initial link in the system of continuing education and the basis for the full-fledged growth of an individual. Analysis of the influence of various conditions of the economic and social life reveals the problems that impede the development of preschool education. There have been analyzed the factors characterizing the coverage of children by preschool educational organizations and the availability of preschool education at the regional level. The methodological basis of the study was the economic and statistical analysis of indicators that determine the development of preschool education. The main characteristics of preschool educational activities in Republic of Bashkortostan (a study of municipal districts) are given. It has been stated that for the period from 2010 to 2018 in Republic of Bashkortostan, the number of independent preschool educational organizations decreased by 41.3%, while the number of pupils increased by 42.4%. The studies have revealed the relationship between the level of economic development of the municipal district, its specialization and the involvement of children in preschool educational activities. It has been established that in the municipal areas with well-developed industrial production the coverage of children by preschool educational organizations is high, and vice versa - in the municipal areas with a low level of industrial development the coverage of children by preschool educational organizations is poor. In the municipal areas oriented to the production of agricultural products the involvement of children in preschool education is low. The analysis results can serve as the basis for further research on the development of preschool education and be of practical importance in the development of strategic documents on the regional development.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНІ УМОВИ ФІЗКУЛЬТУРНО-ОЗДОРОВЧИХ ЗАНЯТЬ ІЗ ФЛОРБОЛУ ДЛЯ ДІТЕЙ 5-6 РОКІВ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ

The purpose of the article is to determine the organizational and methodological conditions of organizing physical education and health classes in floorball for children 5-6 years in the educational process. Theoretical analysis and generalization of data from literature sources and experience of best practice in physical education of preschool children, as well as pedagogical experiment, were used. Determining the organizational and methodological conditions of the preschool education institution №18 “Zirnytsia” was necessary for our pedagogical experiment. Effectively organized physical culture and health classes in a preschool education institution can implement the marketing component of educational services, as it is a step towards raising the level of the institution, a condition for improving teachers’ professionalism, a stimulus to creative search for new tools for preschool development and education. Among the newest means of development and education of preschool children it is expedient to use means of sports game in floorball. Methods of forming theoretical knowledge were used for realization of the physical culture and health program; mastering motor skills and development of physical qualities. The load was regulated by observation, which revealed the degree of fatigue of children by external signs. Attention was paid to skin color, degree of sweating, facial expression, breathing patterns, coordination of children’s movements and attention, no complaints of fatigue and more. Thus, physical culture and health classes with the use of floorball for older preschool children contributed to the comprehensive development of physical and mental qualities. Such classes were characterized by the presence of mutual conditioning of children’s behavior, which contributed to moral education (collectivism, camaraderie, conscious discipline). Prospects for further research will be related to the development of a program of physical education and health classes in floorball for junior pupils.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION ON CHILDREN IN PRE-SCHOOL PERIOD: PARENTAL VIEWS

This research is aimed to investigate the effects of distance education on preschool children. In this study, in order to investigate the effect of distance education on children by the parents of children going to the preschool institution, a case study based on qualitative data made with semi-structured interview technique was analyzed by content analysis method. The work carried out during the epidemic of COVID-19 experienced in 2019-2020 was discussed remotely with the parents of children in preschool education, which went to public and private schools. The participants are made up of 34 parents, but the majority are women. The majority of the children whose parents were evaluated in the study were found to be boys between the ages of 4-7, and went to private school. Other results obtained in the study were found that distance education is not sufficient in terms of supporting the development of children, it does not provide an advantage for children to learn, and the biggest disadvantage is that there is no interaction between the child and the teacher. It has been determined that the dimension of distance education that can be considered as an advantage in the pandemic process is that it provides access to the lessons taught and gives the opportunity again.
 Keywords: Child, parent, preschool period, preschool education, distance education, Covid-19.

Conditions of digitalization of education in aspect of the problem of forming ICT competence of students of pedagogical college as future teachers

The article substantiates the significance of the problem of the formation of future teachers’ ICT competence. The author’s definition of the concept “ICT competence of a student of a pedagogical college” is presented, its components (motivational-value, user-wide, general pedagogical, subject-pedagogical) are highlighted and described. Based on the analysis of normative documents, recommendations, studies in the field of digitalization of the economy and education, the conditions for the digitalization of education are highlighted and justified: the legislative framework for the digitalization of education; digital generation of students; digital pedagogical technologies and educationally significant digital technologies; training the human potential of the digital economy; digital educational environment of educational organization. The characteristics of the conditions for digitalization of education are described. The experience of taking into account the conditions of digitalization of education in the aspect of the problem of the formation of ICT competence of students as future teachers is described on the example of an educational organization — GAPOU “Chita Pedagogical College”, specialty 44.02.01 Preschool education. An example of the organization of a laboratory and practical lesson using various digital technologies in the framework of the author’s interdisciplinary course “Theory and Methods of Using ICT in a Preschool Educational Organization” is given. Based on the analysis of the results of the pedagogical experiment, the conclusion is substantiated that the application of the digitalization of education in the educational process of the pedagogical college in the aspect of the formation of ICT competence of future teachers is one of the effective ways of forming the ICT competence of future educators of preschool children.

School-readiness Among the Underprivileged: The Neglected Dimension

In the Indian context, the problem of the high proportion of out-of-school underprivileged children as well as the learning deficits in many such children in primary schools have raised concerns. Preparing these children for their journey through schooling has therefore been under the spotlight. The national Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) policy recognises pre-school education (PSE) of these children as one priority area. Given that the increased privatisation of pre-schooling marginalises a large section of underprivileged children in rural India, the role of public pre-schools always remains significant. Although many pre-primaries in government and aided schools contribute to the PSE of these children, the public pre-school system at community level in the form of anganwadi centres (AWCs) under the national Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) programme remains the most viable and cost-effective opportunity for a high proportion of these children. This article examines the state of the PSE at AWCs through the lens of coverage, mechanisms of service delivery, quality of learning opportunities and inclusiveness. The paper draws evidence largely from a sample survey covering 4,800 households and over 200 AWCs spread across 192 villages in three sample states, besides other macro-level data and relevant literature on PSE. The findings show that the implementation of PSE through AWCs does not comply with many ECCE norms. There is a lack of targeted PSE interventions for learning opportunities and developing socio-emotional skills. Among other factors, functioning of AWCs for less than the stipulated duration in a day, inadequate earnestness among AWC workers and unequal opportunities even in scarce PSE services adversely affect the PSE of underprivileged children. The article calls for increasing the efficiency of this largest public pre-school system through professional development of service providers and setting up monitoring mechanisms to ensure school-readiness of underprivileged children.

ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ПЕРЕДШКІЛЛЯ В СИСТЕМІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДОШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ Й ВИХОВАННЯ В КАНАДІ

У статті проаналізовано основні напрями еволюції українського передшкілля (класів передшкілля, підготовчих/підготовних класів) як складника системи національної дошкільної освіти й виховання зростаючих поколінь українців Канади впродовж другої половини ХХ – початку ХХІ ст. і важливого чинника, що закладає основи гармонійного розвитку дитини, сприяє вивченню рідної мови, пізнанню історії, культури, звичаїв і традицій її прабатьківщини. Актуальність дослідження зумовлена недостатньою дослідженістю окресленої проблеми та доцільністю використання прогресивних ідей і досвіду канадських українців у національному вихованні дітей дошкільного віку в освітньому просторі України та сучасного українського зарубіжжя. Мета статті полягає у виявленні особливостей організації освітньо-виховного процесу в класах передшкілля, з’ясуванні їх ролі в розвитку особистості дитини та підготовці її до шкільного навчання. Досягненню мети сприяло використання таких методів дослідження: загальнонаукових (аналіз, синтез, систематизація зібраного матеріалу), теоретичного осмислення й узагальнення одержаних результатів та їх інтерпретації. Установлено, що класи передшкілля в системі українського дошкільного виховання в Канаді були організовані на початку 50-х рр. ХХ ст. для підготовки дітей до навчання в системі рідномовного шкільництва та продовження національної освіти й виховання, основи яких заклали дитячі світлички та садочки. Вони розташовувались у спеціально обладнаних приміщеннях, що повністю відповідали державним вимогам, і діяли за навчальними програмами, які забезпечували, окрім загального розвитку, національне й релігійне виховання дитини. Навчально-матеріальне оснащення класів передшкілля та дидактичний супровід освітнього процесу впродовж досліджуваного періоду постійно вдосконалюються з урахуванням досягнень дошкільної педагогіки та інших галузей науки, тенденцій еволюції суспільного дошкільного виховання в Канаді, що забезпечує успішне виконання програм освіти й виховання дітей дошкільного віку та належний імідж у середовищі української діаспори.

実践報告 大和プレスクール「にほんごひろば」―小学校入学前の多様な言語背景を持つ子どもたちへの就学前教育・保護者支援―

実践報告 大和プレスクール「にほんごひろば」―小学校入学前の多様な言語背景を持つ子どもたちへの就学前教育・保護者支援―

Teaching coherent descriptive speech to children of senior preschool age with speech underdevelopment problems

Introduction. Today, one of the main requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education is to ensure the speech development in children, which means mastering them of free, coherent dialogue and monologic speech skills as a means of communication with adults and peers. The indicators of successful speech development are skills to build different types of coherent statements. This requirement fully applies to children with minor speech delays. However, in modern speech therapy, the development of coherent speech is made dependent on the elimination of the shortcomings of unformed language structures and involves the use of reproductive techniques, including mainly constant repetitions of speech patterns. Children are simply asked to copy stereotypical schemes when making their own statements, but the attention is not paid to the process of formulating rules and peculiarities of description texts, the understanding of which is very important to be prepared for school. Thus, it is significantly important to revise well-established techniques to learn oral monologue speech when teaching children with serious speech disorders.The aim of the present article is to discuss the conditions for effective development of coherent descriptive speech in preschool children with speech underdevelopment problems.Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework of the research is based on the theory of speech activity and the theory of developmental education, as well as the systematic analysis of the peculiarities of verbal communication skills in children and modern ideas of correctional pedagogy about the structure of speech defects. In the course of the research, empirical research methods and a pedagogical experiment were employed.Results and scientific novelty. Children aged 5–6 years old (n = 60) with the logopedic report “general underdevelopment of speech of the 3 rd –4 th levels” took part in the experimental research. It was proved that it is necessary to teach preschool children with speech disorders not only to speak by analogy and model structures, but also to formulate detailed meaningful descriptive statements. The entry test demonstrated that most respondents have insufficient formation of coherent descriptive speech: 40% – medium level, 38% – low level. More than half of preschool children in the experimental group (53,6%) improved their results through the targeted and comprehensive correctional work, in the course of which they learned practical description skills. While working on description skills, children learned how to highlight and compare essential features of a subject, to combine individual phrases into a consistent message. The priority areas were identified in each speech task to ensure the greatest impact of its performance. The conducted classes influenced not only speech, but also cognitive development of children. Also, the classes stimulated children’s speech and thought activities, contributed to the activation of visual, auditory and tactile perception, memory, attention and observation.Practical significance. The research materials provide a new direction to determine the technologies for the development of coherent speech in children of senior preschool age with speech underdevelopment.

ДУХОВНІСТЬ ЯК СИСТЕМОУТВОРЮЮЧИЙ ФАКТОР ТРУДОВОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

У статті розкрито завдання виховання духовності дошкільників як незмінної цінності в різні періоди розвитку суспільства. Здійснено аналіз понять «духовність», «праця», «трудова діяльність». З’ясовано, що ставлення дитини до праці формується насамперед у родині, дієвою формою трудового виховання дітей дошкільного віку виступає спільна діяльність дітей та дорослих. Розкрито шляхи виховання духовності дітей дошкільного віку. Показано, що емоційна чуйність дітей дошкільного віку розвивається через залучення до духовної культури: музики, живопису, літератури, народного мистецтва; духовність, людяність, повага до людей та інші високоморальні якості не передаються у спадок, а їх потрібно виховувати у кожному поколінні, починаючи з дошкільного віку. Виховання розуміється як процес духовної взаємодії дорослого і дитини, як глибоке спілкування педагога з вихованцем в процесі сумісної розвиваючої, творчої діяльності. Дорослий для дитини виступає фундаментальною онтологічною підставою виникнення власне людського в людині, підставою її нормального розвитку та повноцінного життя.
 У статті розглядається проблема, пов’язана із необхідністю використання духовно-творчого потенціалу особистості як могутнього засобу розвитку та формування основ трудової культури дітей дошкільного віку. Розкрито деякі підходи виховної практики, що дозволяють закладати фундамент майбутньої активної трудової діяльності дошкільників.
 Стаття містить аналіз особливостей процесу формування трудової культури дітей дошкільного віку, який дав підстави стверджувати, що дошкільний вік – найбільш сенситивний період, коли закладаються основи духовності як системоутворюючого фактора трудової культури.

Pictographic Representations of the Word "Nature" in Preschool Education Children.

The relevance of preschool children’s understanding of nature, its elements, how it affects the behavior of human beings, and how human beings influence it, is a two-purpose task. First, it helps to identify the necessary elements for the design of programs that have a significant impact in the development of environmental identity. Second, it also assists in the implementation of environmental education in the school curriculum in Mexico, in order to develop attitudes to preserve the environment from an early age. Based on this logic, the objective of this study was to identify the components of the concept of nature and its relationship with environmental identity, from drawings made by preschool children in a desert environment through a visual discursive analysis. The sample consisted of 118 preschool students whose ages ranged between 5 and 6 years. Participants were selected from four different schools in Hermosillo, Mexico: three located in the urban area and one on the coastal area of the State of Sonora. Participants were asked to draw the first thing that came to their minds when they heard the word nature. As a result, all the drawings presented categories such as plants, animals, waterbodies, celestial bodies, abiotic factors, natural locations, locations made by man, and others. Finally, the analysis showed that a general idea of what nature represents to children includes elements of known flora and fauna; however, they did not capture elements of the desert region in which they live. In addition, most participants’ self-definition contained environmental identity.

Methodical approach in Catholic religious education in kindergartens in Bosnia and Herzegovina

In this paper, the authors explore the methodical approach in Catholic religious education in kindergartens in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The theoretical framework is represented by the concept of holistic education. It also includes spiritual education, in the case of this study, religious education. The aim of the empirical part of the research is to determine the methodical elements of religious education in preschool institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina (types of religious educational activities in religious education of preschool children and their representation, religious climate) and to compare public kindergartens with Catholic kindergartens. The results indicate that practical and spontaneous religious activities are often used in the introduction of children to faith, while artistic activities are moderately used that religious activities are more often realized with the whole group, and average individualization, and that there is no statistically significant difference in the investigated elements of religious education between public and Catholic kindergartens.

Video Recording as a Method for Swedish Preschool Teachers to Analyze Multilingual Strategies

This participatory action research study draws attention to how fifteen preschool teachers develop didactic strategies by using video recording as a method for performing critical and didactic analyses. The overall aim is to develop didactic strategies and knowledge to support multilingual children’s emergent literacy development in Swedish preschools. The starting point for a participatory action research, is action learning and a pragmatic orientation. The approach focuses on human development in an organization where action research is a tool for learning. This study employs a mixed-methods design where qualitative data were analyzed and derived from the preschool teachers’ written reflections related to their video-recorded activities and support of the analysis tool Social Language Environment-Domain, SLE-D (Norling, 2015a). The results show didactic strategies that are related to multilingual children’s interests, strategies that support multilingual children’s empowerment and strategies that challenge multilingual children’s reading and writing processes.Continuing research suggests paying attention to the conditions of multilingual children in preschool education. This entails a long-term effort where action research engages preschool teachers to develop their beliefs into sustainable knowledge, in which video recording can serve as a method for preschool teachers to analyze multilingual strategies.

METODICAL PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF FORMATION OF SINGING SKILLS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Music holds a special, unique place in the education of preschool children which is explained by the specifics of this art form and the psychological characteristics of preschool children. Being a specific type of human thinking, music has a basic functio