Pottery Workshop Research Articles

The discovery of the earliest specialised Middle Neolithic pottery workshop in western Thessaly, central Greece

Disparity in recorded Neolithic activity between the eastern and western Thessaly plain in central Greece is being redressed by the ‘Long Time No See’ landscape project. A recently discovered pottery kiln complex at Magoula Rizava tell site offers exciting new evidence for intra-regional pottery production and circulation during the Middle Neolithic period.

국가무형문화재 정윤석 옹기장 옹기공방의 전통계승현황 연구

옹기문화는 우리의 식생활과 밀접한 관계를 맺고 전개되어온 전통문화로서 한때 소멸위기에 처하기도 했지만 90년대를 전후로 새롭게 주목받으면서 중요한 전통문화의 하나로 부각되었으며 국가무형문화재의 한분야로 지정되었다.BR 특히, 전라도 전통옹기는 타 지역과 차별화된 성형방식으로 정윤석 옹기장은 쳇바퀴타렴성형기법을 계승하는 전라도 유일의 국가무형문화재이다.BR 정윤석 옹기장은 칠량봉황옹기를 운영하고 있으며 공방구성원은 부인(이복비)과 정상균(장남, 전수장학생), 정연균(삼남, 이수자)으로 구성되어 있으며, 정윤석 옹기장을 중심으로 전통옹기의 재현 및 제작, 유통이 복합적으로 이루어지고 있다.BR 정윤석 옹기장의 옹기공방은 쳇바퀴타렴성형 방식이 계승됨과 동시에 현대사회의 다양한 기술이 융합된 생산방식의 변화와 생활패턴의 변화를 반영한 생산과 판매 등 전통의 계승과 함께 현실적인 문제를 극복하는 과정에서 현대사회의 변화에 대처하고 유기적으로 적응하려는 움직임이 시도되고 있다.BR 본 연구는 정윤석 옹기장을 중심으로 전통옹기공방에서 실제 이루어지는 생산공정이나 공방환경을 조사 · 연구함으로써 현장에서 실제로 이루어지는 전통옹기 계승현황을 파악하고 이를 통해 전통옹기의 계승을 위한 방향을 제안하는데 목적이 있다.BR 또한 전통옹기와 현대의 기술 및 사고가 융합된 전통계승 현황을 연구를 통해 옹기전통을 계승하고 보존하는 기본 자료로 활용되기를 기대해본다.

Un nuevo sector productivo en el Alfar Romano de Cartuja (Granada): el Horno D4 y su testar cerámico.

En el presente trabajo se analiza un testar cerámico emplazado en el interior del Horno D4, perteneciente a un nuevo sector productivo del alfar romano de Cartuja identificado en 2014. Los resultados han posibilitado ampliar el conocimiento del repertorio de cerámicas comunes del alfar, pero también realizar una primera aproximación a la actividad productiva de este sector de las inmediaciones dela Facultadde Teología, cuya instalación se originaría en plena época de apogeo del alfar con objeto de intensificar la producción.

Remote Sensing of a Roman Pottery Workshop. Report on a Geophysical Survey Carried out in Crikvenica (Ancient Ad Turres, Croatia)

Abstract The paper presents results of a geophysical survey conducted in Crikvenica, a town located at the north-eastern Adriatic Sea coast in Croatia. The main aim was to identify extent of a Roman pottery workshop discovered to the north of the present town, at the site known as “Igralište”. The performed magnetic and GPR surveys within the area of the modern playground in Crikvenica revealed a large number of anomalies that may be connected with anthropogenic activity during different periods, both in modern and ancient times. The first group consists of anomalies generated by remnants of the modern underground infrastructure. Magnetic and ground-penetrating radar maps revealed anomalies in the north-western part of the modern playground that can be very likely interpreted as remains of a large ceramic kiln dated back to the Roman Period, similar to the kiln discovered during the excavations located further to the north. Finally, the survey performed within the Crikvenica football stadium clearly indicates that the integration of different Ground Penetrating Radar and magnetic methods allows for a detailed and effective identification of buried archaeological structures in large areas.

RHODES AND KOS: EAST DORIAN POTTERY PRODUCTION OF THE ARCHAIC PERIOD

To date, the pottery production of Rhodes, Kos and other ‘East Dorian’ islands and coastal areas remains little understood. This article presents and discusses new neutron activation analysis (NAA) of eighth–sixth-centurybcvessels found on Rhodes and in related areas, placing them in the wider context of past and present archaeometric research. The results highlight the role of Kos as a leading regional centre of painted pottery production and export in the seventh–sixth centuriesbc, notably of ‘East Dorian’ plates. This includes the famous ‘Euphorbos plate’, which can now be attributed to Koan production. Contemporary Archaic pottery workshops on Rhodes, in contrast, had a less ambitious, if diverse, output, ranging from vessels in a Sub-Geometric tradition, imitation Corinthian wares and modest local versions of Koan- and Ionian-style plates to finely potted and richly decorated ‘Vroulian’ cups and black-figured situlae. It was imported mainland and East Greek wares, however, that dominated the island's consumption of Archaic painted wares. This represents a departure from the preceding Geometric period, which was characterised by a local pottery production of considerable scale and quality, although receptivity to external influences remained a consistent feature throughout later periods. As patterns of demand were changing, the island's craft production appears to have concentrated on a different range of goods in which high-quality figured finewares played a lesser role.

An Attempt to Integration of Different Geophysical Methods (Magnetic, GPR and ERT); A Case Study From the Late Roman Settlement On the Island of Rab in Croatia

AbstractIn 2016 within the RED Project Roman Economy in Dalmatia: production, distribution and demand in the light of pottery workshops, 5 selected areas around the Podšilo Bay were geophysically surveyed. During the fieldworks in the Lopar protected area, located in the northeastern part of the Island of Rab a gradiometer, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were used. The main aim of the project was to document presence of the Roman architecture in two areas of the bay’s hinterland as suggested earlier by finds of pottery and glass. Geophysical studies conducted in the Lopar area revealed presence of underground remains of ancient structures, probably from the late Roman period and connected with a ceramic production centre at the present seashore. The most interesting results were obtained for the area no. 4, the site where magnetic, georadar and ERT surveys revealed an ancient regular building at 0.4-0.6 m depth. The survey performed in the Lopar area clearly indicates that integration of different geophysical methods enables detailed and effective identification of buried archaeological structures.

Contando la historia. Experiencias de cuantificación y análisis volumétrico en centros artesanales púnicos de la Bahía de Cádiz

La producción y comercio de derivados del pescado fue para el área occidental del Mediterráneo y su apéndice atlántico un recurso estratégico clave durante la Antigüedad. En particular, su producción y comercio fue un ingrediente principal de la economía de la Bahía de Cádiz y de la ciudad fenicio-púnica de Gadir. Esta importancia de la pesca, la sal y las salazones se tradujo en la creación de una importante red de infraestructuras productivas y en especial de gran número de chancas para salar el pescado y de alfarerías donde se manufacturaron los envases anfóricos para el transporte. El crecimiento exponencial de los datos arqueológicos disponibles sobre chancas, alfares y ánforas gaditanas en las últimas décadas permite ahora tener una visión precisa del modelo territorial y de la morfología de estos centros industriales, así como de la evolución formal de los envases. Presentamos aquí una aproximación a una de las etapas de mayor esplendor de esta economía marítima basada en la salazón, centrada en el análisis de las evidencias del siglo V a.C. de la bahía gaditana. En este caso, partiendo de los datos de alfares y saladeros, se propone una cuantificación teórica de la productividad de estas infraestructuras (número de ánforas fabricadas, cantidades de pescado y sal manejados por la industria, etc.) y de la estandarización de las formas, medidas y pesos de las ánforas locales del momento.

Las cerámicas griegas áticas de figuras rojas de Zacatín (Granada, España)

A los pies del oppidum ibérico de Iliberri en la ciudad de Granada, una excavación de urgencia en la calle Zacatín ha permitido desvelar una fosa, en cuyo interior fueron exhumados entre diversos objetos, 5000 fragmentos de cerámica (mayoritariamente griega, aunque también ibérica), así como recipientes de vidrio de origen griego. No obstante, su contexto preciso y su función están todavía por determinar. El material cerámico griego está compuesto por vasos áticos (2000 fragmentos) y presenta un carácter formal et iconográfico muy homogéneo. Nos encontramos mayoritariamente frente a copas de pie bajo, escasas copas con pie alto (forma poco abundante en la península Ibérica a la excepción de Ampurias) y de escifoi. Este conjunto podría ser datado hacia el segundo cuarto del siglo IV a. C., siendo principalmente atribuible al pintor de Viena 116, así como ciertas piezas al Grupo FB o al pintor de Meleagro. De naturaleza excepcional, por su volumen y homogeneidad, este hallazgo permite y permitirá ahondar en las cuestiones de estructuración y de organización de los talleres de cerámica de Atenas, así como sobre las modalidades de su transporte.

Research into Coal-Clay Composite Ceramics of Sichuan Province, China

ABSTRACTA group of traditional pottery workshops in Sichuan Province, China, produce a unique coal-clay composite ceramic that is fired using a similarly unique kiln design and two-stage firing procedure not seen in any other ceramic tradition. Here we report on field and laboratory efforts to better understand this unusual ceramic material and technology, the functional advantages as cookware, braziers, and large storage vessels that include high strength and high thermal shock resistance, and the cultural context that supported the creativity and experimentation needed to develop such an innovative technology.

The Traditions of the Past in the Contemporary Pottery of Japan

The article presents the data on the contemporary Japanese art of pottery, collected by the author in June 2015. The study area is Shimane Prefecture on the West coast of the island of Honshu. The study objects are pot tery workshops and their production. The article consi ders the aspects of social organization, technical level and technological cycle of pottery, the stylistic features of ceramics production, and its role in daily life. The author discovers that there are many conservative traits, remaining in the organizational fi eld of pottery and its technological processes, which were typical for the ceramics industry of Japan in the 19th — fi rst half of the 20th century. The technical and technological methods and principles of ceramics production, developed over the centuries, determine its external features and artistic originality. The usage of modern technical equipment for pottery molding and fi ring does not change the pottery’s general trend of keeping the traditions. The pottery production of Shimane is mostly represented by iwá mi-yá ki style. Its main distinc tive feature is its specifi c decoration with colorful glazes. At the same time, there are some other styles in Shimane — for instance, hagi style. The pottery workshops offer both traditional forms and products of the European type. Currently, the most popular categories of ceramic production are tableware, including those for the tea ceremony, as well as interior and exterior design objects.

Remote Sensing of a Roman Pottery Workshop. Report on a Geophysical Survey Carried Out in Crikvenica (Ancient Ad Turres, Croatia)

The paper presents results of a geophysical survey conducted in Crikvenica, a town located at the north-eastern Adriatic Sea coast in Croatia. The main aim was to identify extent of a Roman pottery workshop discovered to the north of the present town, at the site known as “Igraliste”. The performed magnetic and GPR surveys within the area of the modern playground in Crikvenica revealed a large number of anomalies that may be connected with anthropogenic activity during different periods, both in modern and ancient times. The first group consists of anomalies generated by remnants of the modern underground infrastructure. Magnetic and ground-penetrating radar maps revealed anomalies in the north- western part of the modern playground that can be very likely interpreted as remains of a large ceramic kiln dated back to the Roman Period, similar to the kiln discovered during the excavations located further to the north. Finally, the survey performed within the Crikvenica football stadium clearly indicates that the integration of different Ground Penetrating Radar and magnetic methods allows for a detailed and effective identification of buried archaeo-logical structures in large areas.

СТВОРЕННЯ ТА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ КОМІТЕТУ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ПОМОЧІ УКРАЇНЦЯМ У НІМЕЧЧИНІ У ТАБОРІ РАШТАТ (друга половина 1918 р.)

The article analyses the activity of the Rastatt department of the Committee on Cultural Assistance to the Ukrainians in Germany which took over the running of all cultural and educational work in the camp Rastatt since August 1, 1918. Thanks to its efforts at the camp it was established several Ukrainian organizations (“Prosvita” named after I. Franko, Artistic Association “Bandura”, Community “Sich” and others), a cooperative union “Yednist” (“Unity”) continued its activities. Based on the asset of the Camp leaders, the Committee was able to restart the work of educational courses at the camp, helped to organize the camp theater. At Rastatt camp the newspaper “Rozsvit” was published, and the pottery workshop worked.

The Roman pottery workshop of Cartuja (Granada). New data from the archaeological intervention developed in 2013-2015

La presente contribucion ofrece nuevos datos sobre el alfar romano de Cartuja (Granada), obtenidos durante el seguimiento arqueologico preventivo desarrollado en el Campus de Cartuja de la Universidad de Granada con motivo de su reciente reurbanizacion. La amplitud del seguimiento ha permitido documentar nuevas areas productivas y estructuras, entre ellas dos nuevos hornos y piletas de decantacion de arcillas, asi como distintas areas de vertidos. Basandose en estos datos, el presente articulo realiza una aproximacion preliminar a su organizacion y topografia, en la que parece que existieron diversos sectores productivos lo suficientemente distanciados como para plantear un modelo de alfar suburbano de organizacion diseminada.

Geochemical Analysis of the Hittite‐Period Pottery from Tarsus‐Gözlükule, Turkey

Neutron activation analysis was conducted on Late Bronze IIA pottery from Tarsus‐Gözlükule and compared with archival data from contemporary sites in Cilicia and Cyprus. The results provide a model for the organization of pottery production at Tarsus‐Gözlükule when the settlement was under the rule of the Hittite Empire. It is proposed that multiple contemporary pottery workshops provided the community of Tarsus‐Gözlükule with both Hittite‐style pottery and other wares. It is further suggested that these workshops may have differed in the extent to which they were attached to the imperial administration.

The island of Elba (Tuscany, Italy) at the crossroads of ancient trade routes: an archaeometric investigation of dolia defossa from the archaeological site of San Giovanni

Dolia are large pottery containers used in Roman times for the storage and fermentation of wine. They were produced in specialized pottery workshops (figlinae) and were typically marked with specific epigraphical stamps, which represent a major tool to unravel their provenance and trade. In this work we present the preliminary results of a study of two dolia defossa, recently found at San Giovanni (Portoferraio, island of Elba, Italy) during 2012–2014 archaeological excavations in a Roman farm (late 2nd cent. BC-1st cent. AD), devoted to wine production and probably constituting the antecedent archaeological phase of the adjacent “Villa delle Grotte”. Based on archaeological (epigraphic) evidence, five different production areas have been hypothesized: 1) Elba island, where the dolia have been found; 2) the municipal figlinae in the Pisa territory; 3) the middle catchment of the Tiber river (central Latium) where “urban” figlinae occurred; 4) the figlinae of Minturno (southern Latium), a locality known both for wine production and exportation and for the presence of ancient figlinae; 5) the municipal figlinae in the Volterra territory. Archaeometric analysis of tempering agents intentionally added to the clay for the manufacturing of the dolia, particularly magmatic lithic fragments and clinopyroxene crystals, allowed us to suggest that the watershed of the central Tiber Valley - including different volcanic centres belonging to both Tuscany Magmatic Province (Monti Cimini) and Roman Magmatic Province (Monti Vulsini and Vico volcano) - could have been the most likely sites of production of the dolia found at San Giovanni. Alternatively, the site of Minturno (southern Latium) could be proposed.

Environmental and Occupational Lead Exposure Among Children in Cairo, Egypt: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

The aim of this study was to assess childhood lead exposure in a representative sample of Cairo, and to investigate the possible risk factors and sources of exposure.This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 through April 2015. The target population was children aged 6 to 18 years, recruited into 4 groups, garbage city, moderate-living standard area, urban and suburban schools, and workshops in the city of Cairo. Blood lead levels (BLLs) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were measured. Also, potential local environmental sources were assessed for hazardous lead contamination.Analysis on 400 participants has been carried out. A total of 113 children had BLLs in the range 10 to 20 μg/dL. Smoking fathers, housing conditions, playing outdoors, and exposure to lead in residential areas were significantly correlated with high BLLs. The mean values of hemoglobin were inversely correlated with BLLs. Children involved in pottery workshops had the highest BLLs and the lowest Hb values with a mean of (43.3 μg/dL and 8.6 g/dL, respectively). The mean value of environmental lead in workshop areas exceeded the recommended levels. Also, those values measured in dust and paint samples of garbage city were significantly high. Moreover, the mean lead levels in the soil samples were significantly higher in urban schools (P = 0.03) than the suburban ones.Childhood lead poisoning accounts for a substantial burden in Egypt, which could be preventable. Development of national prevention programs including universal screening program should be designed to reduce incidence of lead toxicity among children.

Cemetery of the late Tumulus – early Urnfield period at Balatonfűzfő, Hungary

On the outskirts of Balatonfűzfő, an excavation was carried out by Sylvia K. Palágyi between 1991–1994 as a continuation of the excavation in 1966 that preceded the construction of the so-called Delta junction of roads no. 71–72. In 1992–1993, during the excavation of a Roman Age pottery workshop five graves of a late Tumulus – early Urnfield period (Br D2–Ha A1) cemetery came to light. Each cremation grave (with the cremated remains either scattered in the pit or put in an urn) was characterised by a certain burial rite. The richest grave (no. 6) was that of an adult male, buried with his weapons, among them a uniquely decorated knife with a grip terminating in a bird's head. Graves no. 2 and no. 4 contained female burials with jewellery, while grave no. 1 belonged to a child, and included jewellery as well as several ceramic vessels.

Experiences in Artistic Education: Pottery Workshop

Experiences in Artistic Education: Pottery Workshop

Tableware in the Hellenistic Tradition from the City of Kampyr Tepe in Ancient Bactria (Uzbekistan)

Slipped and unslipped wares from Kampyr Tepe dated to the Hellenistic–Seleucid and Greco‐Bactrian periods stylistically resemble tableware from the Greek tradition. Since two pottery workshops have been recovered at the site, the aim is to shed light on the provenance and the production and consumption patterns of the tableware, as well as on the degree of technological influence from Hellenistic–Mediterranean traditions. The archaeometric characterization, consisting of thin‐section petrography, XRF, XRD and SEM–EDS analysis, was performed on 44 wares and three unfired locally made pondera, which were used as reference local elemental patterns. The study demonstrated the local origin of most of the wares, which were produced using a similar clay paste, following standardized techniques in modelling and firing, while surface treatments appear to be more diversified.

An Ethnoarchaeological Study of the Zizia Pottery Factory in Jizza, Jordan

This study of the Zizia Pottery Factory in Jizza, central Jordan, offers empirical data and sociocultural observations of a modern industrialized system comprised of interrelated aspects: artisans, scale and technology of production, spatial and social organization, and distribution. Since the factory processes, with a few exceptions, are not far removed from those known from antiquity, the modern quantitative data and on-site observations in this report may be used to interpret archaeological evidence or to reconstruct the framework of an industrialized pottery workshop from a limited archaeological record.