Post-test Research Articles

Can structured integration of BI-RADS criteria by a clinical decision rule reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies in BI-RADS 4 lesions? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigate the added value of structured integration of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) criteria using the Kaiser score (KS) to avoid unnecessary biopsies in BI-RADS 4 lesions. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using predefined criteria. Eligible articles, published in English until May 2024, dealt with KS in the context of BI-RADS 4 MRI. Two reviewers extracted study characteristics, including true positives (TP), false positives (FP), true negatives (TN), and false negatives (FN). Sensitivity, specificity, negative likelihood ratio, and positive likelihood ratio were calculated using bivariate random effects. Fagan nomograms identified the maximum pre-test probability at which post-test probabilities of a negative MRI aligned with the 2% malignancy rate benchmark for downgrading BI-RADS 4 to BI-RADS 3. I² statistics and meta-regression explored sources of heterogeneity. p-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Seven studies with 1877 lesions (833 malignant, 1044 benign) were included. The average breast cancer prevalence was 47.3%. Pooled sensitivity was 94.3% (95%-CI 88.9%-97.1%), and pooled specificity was 68.1% (95%-CI 56.6%-77.7%) using a random effects model. Overall, 52/833 cases were FNs (6.2%). Fagan nomograms showed that KS could rule out breast cancer in BI-RADS 4 lesions at a pre-test probability of 20.3% for all lesions, 25.4% for masses, and 15.2% for non-mass lesions. In MRI-assessed BI-RADS 4 lesions, applying structured BI-RADS criteria with the KS reduces unnecessary biopsies by 70% with a 6.2% FN rate. Breast cancer can be ruled out up to pre-test probabilities of 20.3%. Question What, if any, value is added by structured integration of BI-RADS criteria using the Kaiser Score (KS) to avoid unnecessary biopsies in BI-RADS 4 lesions? Findings The structured integration of BI-RADS criteria using the Kaiser Score (KS) reduces unnecessary biopsies in BI-RADS 4 lesions by 70%. Clinical relevance The structured approach offered by the Kaiser Score (KS) avoids unnecessary recalls, potentially reducing patient anxiety, lessening the burden on medical personnel, and the need for further imaging and biopsies due to more objective and thus efficient clinical decision-making in evaluating BI-RADS 4 lesions.

The effect of meaning guidance approach on the ego identity of fencing players in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Logo counseling is one of the counseling schools, which is the human orientation that follows the applications of existential therapy, also it is considered as an effective method in psychological counseling and wider field than existential therapy because of its successfulness in developing technics in practicing counseling throughout the organization of human direction concern which study humans in terms of spiritual experience as well as biological and mental structure capable of growth, change and sublimation. (Frankl, 1976, 75). The study aims to identify the differences in self-efficiency, ego identity and lunge speed and accuracy for experiment and control groups in pre and post tests for sample players. The experiment approach is used in the study which appropriates with the nature of the research, the study population consists of senior fencing players in Kurdistan Region of (2020-2021) with a total number of (70) players distributed on (16) sport clubs, the researcher divided the population into two groups, first group for consists of (11) clubs used for scale development included (45) participants, second group included (5) clubs with (20) individuals. The researchers concludes that there is clear effect of logo counseling program prepared by researchers in developing self-efficiency and ego identity of experiment group, and there is a lack of psychological counseling instructions led to nonsignificant differences of control group individuals. In addition to the efficiency of self-efficiency scale for fencing players in Kurdistan Region – Iraq. Therefore, the researchers recommended conducting furthers for the same variables on older samples and for both genders in addition to supporting various curriculums and activities of ego identity while research one of the best methods contributes in improvement and development.

Technique imagination guided to decline painful response on patient fracture at dr. central general hospital Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar

Painful can caused from the triggering factors from something stress response, where response This will influence all body systems . Patient And member team health tend For looking drug as the only one method For remove painful. However Lots action nursing non pharmacological can help in remove painful like technique imagination guided by those who have very risky low For shorten the duration of the pain episode only a number of second or minute . Objective study This is For know influence technique imagination guided to decline response painful on patient fracture. Design research used in study This is is Pre-experiment One Group Pre test posttest Design. Taking sample study This use total sampling technique with amount sample as many as 15 respondents . Respondent selected previous done pretest Then done action technique imagination guided Then done posttest for evaluate decline response pain, then the data was analyzed with Wilcoxon test in SPSS version 12.00. Based on results test statistics obtained that There is difference decline response painful between before done action and after done action technique imagination guided, where obtained level meaning that is between p = 0.002 (p&lt;0.005). Conclusion study This is There is influence giving technique imagination guided to decline response painful on patient fracture . Suggestions for power health at home sick to get it teach technique imagination guided with Correct to use lower response the pain experienced beside action pharmacological.

Effectiveness of Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy (HABIT) on Postural Control and Functional Independence in Children with Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy Between Age Group 4 To 21 Years

Aim and objectives: To check the effectiveness of HABIT on postural control using BOT-2 scale (bilateral coordination, balance) and functional independence using WEEFIM scale in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Method: Subjects were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were classified into 2 groups. Group A was given conventional therapy along with HABIT and group B was given only conventional therapy. Pre and post data was taken using bot-2 scale (bilateral coordination, balance) and WeeFIM scale. Data was collected and statistically analysed. Result: The pre and post value within group analysis using paired t test revealed a statistically significant (&lt;0.05) difference among both the groups between pre and post test scores. The mean value of post treatment in WeeFIM scale and in bot-2(bilateral coordination, balance) scale in Group A is more than Group B indicating more improvement in functional independence, coordination and balance in Group A than Group B. Conclusion: The study concludes that hand arm bimanual intensive therapy (HABIT) along with conventional therapy is more effective to obtain functional independence and postural control in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Keywords: Spastic Hemiplegic cerebral palsy, HABIT, BOT-2 scale, WeeFIM scale, Functional Independence, Postural Control

Are the number of nucleolar precursor body and size of pronuclear correlated with embryo development and ploidy status in 1PN zygotes?: an analysis through the time-lapse monitoring and pre-implantation genetic testing.

This study aimed to demonstrate the utilization value of 1PN embryos. The 1PN zygotes collected from December 2021 to September 2022 were included in this study. The embryo development, the pronuclear characteristics, and the genetic constitutions were investigated. The overall blastocyst formation and good-quality blastocyst rates in 1PN zygotes were 22.94 and 16.24%, significantly lower than those of 2PN zygotes (63.25 and 50.23%, respectively, P = 0.000). The pronuclear characteristics were found to be correlated with the developmental potential. When comparing 1PN zygotes that developed into blastocysts to those that arrested, the former exhibited a significantly larger area (749.49 ± 142.77 vs. 634.00 ± 119.05, P = 0.000), a longer diameter of pronuclear (29.81 ± 3.08 vs. 27.30 ± 3.00, P = 0.000), and a greater number of nucleolar precursor body (NPB) (11.56 ± 3.84 vs. 7.19 ± 2.73, P = 0.000). Among the tested embryos, the diploidy euploidy rate was significantly higher in blastocysts in comparison with the arrested embryos (66.67 vs. 11.76%, P = 0.000), which was also significantly higher in IVF-1PN blastocysts than in ICSI-1PN blastocysts (75.44 vs. 25.00%, P = 0.001). However, the pronuclear characteristics were not found to be linked to the chromosomal ploidy once they formed blastocysts.In summary, while the developmental potential of 1PN zygotes is reduced, our study shows that, in addition to the reported pronuclear area and diameter, the number of NPB is also associated with their developmental potential. The 1PN blastocysts exhibit a high diploidy euploidy rate, are recommend to be clinically used post genetic testing, especially for patients who do not have other 2PN embryos available.

THE EFFECT OF BRAIN GYM ON THE LEVEL OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE ELDERLY

Background: The height ratio dependence elderly in Indonesia is very worrying. The ratio dependence elderly in Indonesia are increasing from 14.02% in 2017 to 16.76% in 2021. East Java including the top 5 province with dependence elderly and occupying ranking to 3 after Central Java Province. Objectives: To know the effect of brain gym on level independence elderly. Methods: This was pre-experiment with use approach one group pre-post test design. Population in the study is all over elderly people in the village Ringinsari, District Kandat Kediri Regency. Technique of taking sample done with technique Consecutive Sampling. Data analysis was carried out through two stages. Stage First that is analyzing pre and post independence data elderly using the pre post test design test. Stage second is analyze the effect of brain gym on level independence elderly using the Wilcoxon test. Results: Research results show that there is change in level of independence before and after given Brain Gym intervention. The results of data analysis using the Wilcoxon test (level of 95% confidence interval is p= 0.000&lt;0.05) which means there is the effect of brain gym to level independence elderly in the village Ringinsari, District Kandat Kediri Conclusion: Brain gym influential to level independence in the elderly.

Active motor-cognitive recovery supports reactive agility performance in trained athletes.

Active breaks are suggested to support recovery and performance in sports. Previous research in ball and team sports focused on motor performance such as repetitive sprinting or change of direction. This does not account for the interaction between motor and cognitive task demands in sports. Therefore, this study is the first to investigate the effectiveness of an active motor-cognitive break to support reactive agility performance. Twenty (7 female and 13 male) healthy trained young adults (mean age: 26years) performed an active or passive 5 min break following a fatiguing protocol of six 100m reactive agility runs with an intermittent break of 40s. Prior to the experiment (pre), after fatigue (post), and following the rest condition (retention), a reactive agility test was performed using the SKILLCOURT technology. In addition, lactate, heartrate, and physical exertion were recorded. Active rest contained two motor-cognitive training tasks on the SKILLCOURT combining low to moderate physical intensity with conflict inhibition and decision-making. During passive rest, participants remained seated. When comparing post and retention agility tests, results indicate significantly stronger performance gains following the active when compared to the passive break condition (p=0.02 and ηp 2=0.24). This was not associated with any differences in physiological parameters such as lactate, heart rate, or RPE (p≥0.25). The results suggest that active motor-cognitive breaks support recovery and improve sport-related reactive agility performance. Performance gains in the active break are likely attributable to cognitive performance effects rather than physiological recovery, which may benefit athletes especially in ball and team sports.

Efficacy of Vyaghriharitaki Avaleha in the management of Vataja Kasa w.s.r. to Pulmonary Eosinophilia - An Open Label Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Vataja Kasa (cough caused by Vata Dosha) occurs due to Pranavaha Srotodushti (causes of deformity in channels of respiratory system) characterized by dry paroxysmal cough that resembles Pulmonary eosinophilia (PE) with an elevated Absolute eosinophilic count (AEC) and eosinophilic lung infiltration. Vyaghriharitaki Avaleha is mentioned in Ayurveda classics under the context of Kasa (cough). The current study was carried out to assess its efficacy based on literary indications and the need for more potent medications to treat Vataja Kasa. Aim: Evaluation of the efficacy of Vyaghriharitaki Avaleha in the management of Vataja Kasa. Materials and Methods: A randomized, open label, parallel group, active controlled pre and post test clinical study was conducted comprising of 30 subjects. They were randomly allocated into 2 groups, subjects of Group A received Vyaghriharitaki Avaleha 5g BD and subjects of Group B received Vidangadi Churna 5g BD for 30 days. AEC and Signs &amp; symptoms of Vataja Kasa were assessed before (0th day) and after treatment (30th day), after follow up (45th day). The data obtained were recorded, tabulated and statistically analyzed using Unpaired t test, Paired t Test, Mann Whitney U Test, Wilcoxon Signed rank test. Results: Analysis of the data within groups showed statistically highly significant (p&lt;0.01) results and between the groups analysis showed statistically non-significant (p&gt;0.05) results in reducing AEC and signs &amp; symptoms of Vataja Kasa suggesting almost similar action of both drugs. Conclusion: It can be inferred that Vyaghriharitaki Avaleha is as efficient as Vidangadi Churna in the management of Vataja Kasa.

Compare the effect of different teaching methods in piano education

Piano education is an important part of music education, the choice of teaching methods has a profound impact on students' learning results. By comparing the application effects of traditional teaching method, gamified learning method and technology-assisted teaching method in piano education, this paper aims to explore the influence of different teaching methods on students' learning interest, skill mastery speed and long-term retention rate. The study selected 120 beginners from a music college as samples and randomly assigned them to three different teaching methods for a half-year course. The data were collected by means of pre and post test results, questionnaire survey and in-depth interview, and the SPSS software was used for quantitative analysis of the data. The results show that gamified learning method has the best performance in stimulating students' learning interest; The technology-assisted teaching method has obvious advantages in improving the efficiency of skill mastery. Traditional teaching rules are more conducive to students to form stable learning habits and maintain long-term skills. This study not only enriched the theoretical basis of piano education, but also provided teachers with diversified teaching strategy reference, which is helpful to improve the overall teaching quality. In addition, the study points out the limitations of each teaching method and makes recommendations for future research directions.

Endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis.

We set out to assess the utility of endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). Historically, EMB sensitivity in CS is only ≤25%, but comprehensive analyses of its current diagnostic performance are not available. The data of 260 consecutive patients with CS (mean age 49 years, 60% female) meeting the Heart Rhythm Society diagnostic criteria were analysed retrospectively. Overall, 216 patients (83%) had undergone EMB, 47 with repeat procedures. EMB overall sensitivity was 38%, rising to 49% after repeat biopsies. On logistic regression analysis, positive EMB was predicted independently by presentation with ventricular tachyarrhythmia with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-12.0, p = 0.021), left ventricular ejection fraction ≤45% (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.5-9.1, p = 0.004), elevation of cardiac troponins (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1-6.4, p = 0.024), and presence of late gadolinium enhancement in left ventricular mid-apical septal segments on magnetic resonance imaging (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2-13.8, p = 0.024). EMB sensitivity, counting in repeats, was 16% in patients (n = 37) without any independent predictor versus 38%, 60%, 79%, and 88% in those with 1 (n = 76), 2 (n = 62), 3 (n = 33), and 4/4 (n = 8) predictors, respectively. The rate of serious complications was 0.7% without mortality or permanent harm. Positive EMB was not an independent predictor of prognosis. The sensitivity of EMB in CS depends on the extent, activity, and location of myocardial involvement, being the higher the more severe CS is. Its use should rely on weighing the pre-test likelihood and individual value of positive biopsy against the procedural risks.

Pengaruh Art and Craft Activity terhadap Kualitas Hidup Lansia di Desa Donohudan, Kec. Ngemplak, Boyolali

Background: In general, a person entering the elderly will experience limitations, so that the quality of life of the elderly decreases. Art and craft activity is used to make the elderly's life more meaningful by doing relaxation activities in their spare time so that it can have an impact on their quality of life. Objectives: To determine the effect of art and craft activity on the quality of life of the elderly in Donohudan Village, Ngemplak District, Boyolali. Methods: This research is a quantitative study using a pre-experimental design with one group pre test-post test. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total sample of 23 samples. The instrument used was the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF). The art and craft activity intervention was carried out 8 times. Data analysis used in the form of Paired Sample T-Test for physical and psychological domains, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test for social relationship and environment domains. Results: The research sample was dominated by elderly female gender (95,7%), elderly age in the range of 60-75 years (82,6%), education level not in school (56,6%), and marital status does not have a partner (65,2%). The paired sample t-test hypothesis test on the physical and psychological domains and the Wilcoxon hypothesis test on the social relationship and environment domains showed that the p-value &lt;0.05. Conclusion: There is an effect of art and craft activity on the quality of life of the elderly in Donohudan Village, Ngemplak District, Boyolali. Keywords : Quality of life, Elderly, Art and craft

Efficient management of pulmonary embolism diagnosis using a two-step interconnected machine learning model based on electronic health records data.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is a life-threatening clinical disease with no specific clinical symptoms and Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is used for diagnosis. Clinical decision support scoring systems like Wells and rGeneva based on PE risk factors have been developed to estimate the pre-test probability but are underused, leading to continuous overuse of CTA imaging. This diagnostic study aimed to propose a novel approach for efficient management of PE diagnosis using a two-step interconnected machine learning framework directly by analyzing patients' Electronic Health Records data. First, we performed feature importance analysis according to the result of LightGBM superiority for PE prediction, then four state-of-the-art machine learning methods were applied for PE prediction based on the feature importance results, enabling swift and accurate pre-test diagnosis. Throughout the study patients' data from different departments were collected from Sina educational hospital, affiliated with the Tehran University of medical sciences in Iran. Generally, the Ridge classification method obtained the best performance with an F1 score of 0.96. Extensive experimental findings showed the effectiveness and simplicity of this diagnostic process of PE in comparison with the existing scoring systems. The main strength of this approach centered on PE disease management procedures, which would reduce avoidable invasive CTA imaging and be applied as a primary prognosis of PE, hence assisting the healthcare system, clinicians, and patients by reducing costs and promoting treatment quality and patient satisfaction.

THE EFFECT OF 7E STRATEGY ON PREPARATORY SCHOOL PUPILS’ ACHIEVMENT

The current study aims at investigating the effect of 7E strategy on EFL Iraqi pupils' achievement. To achieve the aim of this research, the hypothesis is assumed to be established. Which is , there is no statistically significance difference between the mean score of the experimental group who is taught according to 7E strategy(elicit, engage, explore, explain, elaborate, evaluate, extend) and the mean score of the control group who is taught according to the conventional method in post pupils’ achievement test. To carry out the aim of this research, and validate its hypothesis, a sample of sixty pupils have been randomly chosen from the forth-preparatory class in Om Al-Mumineen School for Girls, during the academic year 2023-2024. The two groups are equally divided into, group (A) represents experimental group that consists of (30) pupils who have been taught according to 7E strategy (elicit, engage, explore, explain, elaborate, evaluate, extend). Group (B) signifies control group which also includes (30) pupils who have been taught according to the traditional method. Making a pre and post achievement test. Both groups have been equalized in such variables as English scores achievement in preceding schooling year, and the pre-test of both groups. Seven questions are composed to combine a post-test. The data collected from the results of posttest have been analyzed statistically by using t-test for measuring pupils’ achievement. The result shows that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group who is taught 7E strategy and control group who is taught conventional method in the posttest. This indicates that 7E strategy (elicit, engage, explore, explain, elaborate, evaluate, extend) is more effective than the conventional strategy . The study ends up with some conclusions,

A study to assess the effectiveness of informational booklet on knowledge regarding early signs and immediate management of myocardial infarction among the undergraduate students in selected colleges in Udupi

Methods: An evaluative approach with pre-experimental, one group pretest posttest design research design, were used to assess the effectiveness of informational booklet on knowledge regarding early signs and immediate management of myocardial infarction among undergraduate students. In the view of nature of the problem and accomplish the objectives of the study, a structured self-administered knowledge questionnaire was prepared to assess the knowledge among undergraduate students regarding early signs and immediate management of myocardial infarction. Reliability of the tool was tested and validity was ensured in consultation with guides and experts in field of Nursing and Medicine. The pilot study was conducted from 7/6/23 to 14/6/23 after obtaining permission from Dr. G Shankar Government Women’s First Grade College, Udupi. The final study was conducted from 17/6/23 to 24/6/23 after obtaining permission from the authority of Poornaprajna College, Udupi. Subjects were chosen by purposive sampling technique. The researcher introduced self to the subjects and purpose of the study was explained. She obtained written consent from those who were willing to participate in the study. Instructions were given and the tool was administered. Pretest was conducted on 17/6/23 at 9.00 am onwards. Time to conduct pre test was about 35 mts and on the same day informational booklet was given. The respondents were thanked at the end of the class. Post test was conducted on 24/6/23. Results: The mean post-test knowledge scores 28, is higher than mean pre-test knowledge scores 11.5. The computed value 22.59 (p &lt;0.05) showed that there is highly significant difference between the pretest and post-test mean knowledge scores 16.5. Hence, hypothesis H1 is accepted. This indicates that the informational booklet is effective in increasing the knowledge scores on early signs and immediate management of myocardial infarction.The chi square value of like variable such as age, gender, religion, class of study, dietary pattern, area of residence, previous information and source of information at 0.05 level of significance does not show any significant association. Hence, the hypothesis H2 is rejected. Interpretation and conclusion: The study revealed that during pretest majority 83 (83%) undergraduate students had poor knowledge level, 17 (17%) had moderate knowledge on early signs and immediate management of myocardial infarction. During posttest majority of 49 (49%) gained excellent knowledge, 48 (48%) got good knowledge and 3 (3%) undergraduate students gained moderate knowledge. This indicates that the informational booklet is effective in increasing the knowledge scores on early signs and immediate management of myocardial infarction. There was no statistically significant association found between knowledge score and demographic variables.

특별교육학생을 위한 PERMA모델 기반의 학교적응유연성 프로그램 개발 및 효과검증

The purpose of this study is to develop a school resilience program based on the PERMA model for students subject to special education, and verify the effectiveness. For the foregoing, this study developed the final program composed of total 15 terms after going through 6 stages of program planning, requirement analysis, composition, preliminary research, implementation and evaluation on the basis of the model developed by Cheon Seong-mun et al.(2017). For effective verification, this study assigned 30 students subject to special education to experimental group, acceptance commitment comparative group and untreated comparative group 10 in each, and compared after conducting pre and post test using scales of self-esteem, flourishing and school resilience.

Effect of Core Stability Exercise on Decreasing Angle of Trunk Rotation Degree in Idiophatic Scoliosis in Junior High School Student

Background : Scoliosis is a group of conditions consisting of changes in the shape and position of the spine on the lateral side that may be accompanied by rotation caused by various etiologies. Core stability exercise is a form of exercise that can be used to reduce the degree of scoliosis curve Objective : This study aims to determine the effect of core stability exercise on junior high school student (JHS). Methods : This study used a one group pre and post test with control design involving 32 students of SMP 2 Wonosari Klaten who were divided into 2 groups, using the blind randomized control trial method. into 2 groups, namely a treatment group and a control group with a treatment group of 16 subjects as intervention group given treatment of core stability exercise and a control group of 16 subjects as control group without any treatment. The intervention was carried out for 5 weeks with a frequency of 3 times a week. Measuring the degree of the scoliosis curve using a scoliometer. The pre-test trunk rotation angle (ATR) value for the treatment group was found to be an average of 5.06º and a post-test ATR value of 4.75º. Meanwhile, in the control group, there was no change in the ATR value during the pre-test or post-test, which was 5.43º. Result : Statistical test of differences in pre-post test of treatment groups using the Wilcoxon test obtained a value of p = 0.025 (p &lt; 0.05). Conculsion : From this study it was concluded that There is an effect of core stability exercise on reducing the scoliosis curve in junior high school student.

Predictors of upper limb motor recovery in stroke survivors: a pre–post test study design

ObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the predictors of upper limb motor recovery in stroke survivors.DesignPre–post test study design.SettingConducted in two centres (First Level Hospital and University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka).ParticipantsPatients...

Public Education on Stunting Prevention as an Effort to Produce Healthy Generation in Singkawang

Health problems related to nutritional status in children are still a global challenge, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Stunting is a condition where children under five experience malnutrition, which can be fatal to children's health, especially in the early days of life. West Kalimantan is one of the 12 provinces with the highest stunting cases in Indonesia in 2022, with the stunting prevalence rate at 27.8 percent. An educational activity was carried out to improve knowledge and understanding as well as community participation in stunting prevention and early detection programs in toddlers which are expected to directly motivate the community to participate in paying attention to the growth and development of their children so that their growth and development can be optimal. The target of this educational activity is parents of pre-school aged children. This service activity goes through three stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage and the evaluation stage. In the preparation stage, the issue of public awareness of stunting was raised as a theme, targeting parents in Singkawang City. At the implementation stage, the service team collaborates with the Anugrah Clinic to provide socialization regarding stunting prevention to participants. At the evaluation stage, a post test was carried out to find out the extent to which the activity left impact. As a result of this service activity, it can be concluded that stunting is still an important issue or problem experienced by the people of West Kalimantan, including Singkawang. This is shown by the high prevalence of stunting and the low awareness and knowledge of the community, especially parents, about the dangers, causes and ways to prevent stunting early.

Bobath And Pilates Therapy On Sitting And Standing Balance In Children With Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral Palsy is the most common neurological disorder in children that affects movement and posture due to damage to the brain which controls motor skills, causing balance problems when sitting and standing. This balance is affected by the strength of the erector spine and abdominal muscles that straighten and control the trunk. If low trunk muscle tone causes problems with balance and mobility so that the child has difficulty sitting, playing in a sitting position, functional hand movements such as eating and activities of daily living. This research is an experiment with a pre test – post one group design which aims to analyze the effectiveness of bobath and pilates therapy on sitting and standing balance in children with cerebral palsy. A total of 17 children with cerebral palsy were given bobath and pilates therapy for 16 weeks, with a dose of: 1 time/day, 3 times a week with a treatment time of 45 minutes for each child. The research subjects were children with cerebral palsy with the following criteria: 1-year old, unbalanced sitting and standing. It will be carried out from February to June 2023. Sitting balance is measured with a sitting level scale and standing balance with a pediatric balance scale. The research subjects consisted of 13 men (76.47%) and 4 women (23.53%) with the GMFCS categories being III and IV. The average age of research subjects: 36.5758 ± 15.02504. The results of statistical tests with Wilcoxon obtained a value of p = 0.001 at the sitting level of the scale and p = 0.002 on the pediatric balance scale. Conclusion: Bobath and pilates therapy are effective in increasing the value of the sitting level of the scale and the pediatric balance scale in children with cerebral palsy.

The Effectiveness of Mung Beans and Katuk Leaves on Increasing Hemoglobin Levels in Maternity at TPMB Rennie Yuwitasari in 2022

Background : An iron-rich protein called hemoglobin has an affinity for oxygen, which causes it to produce oxyhemoglobin in red blood cells. O2 (oxygen) will be transported from the lungs to the body's tissues as a result of this function. Purpose of Writing: to determine the Effectiveness of Mung Beans and Katuk Leaves on Increased Hemoglobin Levels in Mothers Giving Birth at TPMB Rennie Yuwitasari Year 2022”. Research Method : This research is an experiment designed One – group pre test – post test design. A sample of 15 people with a quantitative approach. The study population was 20 postpartum mothers who attended TPMB Rennie Yuwitasari. The sampling method used consisted of a total sample of 20 people who were divided into two groups, namely 10 groups receiving green beans and 10 groups receiving katuk leaves. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. Research results: It is known that the Hb assessment before giving katuk leaves obtained an average value of 10.300 and a standard deviation of 0.7832 with a minimum Hb rating of 8.8 and a maximum of 11.4 while after giving katuk leaves , the mean value was 11.230, with a standard deviation of 0.5877, and the Hb value ranged from 9.8 to 12.0. We got Asimp. The Sig (2-Sided) value is 0.169, and because 0.169 &gt; 0.05 the hypothesis is not proven. This means that there is no difference in giving katuk leaves or green beans to increase hemoglobin levels. So that it can be concluded that bivariate data analysis, namely green beans and katuk leaves have the same effectiveness value in increasing Hb levels in postpartum mothers at TPMB Rennie Yuwitasari. Conclusions and Suggestions: The findings of this study are expected to increase postpartum mothers' understanding of increasing Hb levels by consuming green beans and katuk leaves which have been proven to increase Hb levels.