Postmodern Perspective Research Articles

Reconceptualising News and Redefining its Values: Postmodern Perspective

News media as a forum for public discourse not only tries to reflect and represent society out there but also signifies, constructs and constitutes society it. Discourses through news media influence the creation and modification of social identities. They not only construct social identities, but also contribute to processes of cultural change, in which social identities are rearticulated, reconstructed and redefined. Under the traditional mass media set-up journalists used to give emphasis on how they see the world rather than what they see in it; News media organizations stressed to maintain ‘objectivity’ in reporting news and made a clear demarcation between news and views. However, with the contemporary cultural shift, the audiences now want to have real experience and feeling about the events around them and therefore news needs to be reconceptualised and its measurement criteria need to be revisited. In this paper, some of the important developments have been briefly outlined that demonstrate the emergence of postmodern condition. Then discuss in detail the areas of confrontation between the traditional mass mediated conception of news based on liberal, modern, linear transmission based model and the emerging demassified conception based on people centred, participatory model.

Branded by Fire: Postcolonial Naming in Shirley Hazzard’s <em>The Great Fire</em>

THE US EDITION OF SHIRLEY HAZZARD'S THE GREAT FIRE, PUBLISHED BY FARRAR, Straus nd Giroux on 14 October 2003, is spangled with flames and names. Yellow-orange tongues fire lick the cover, its lower corners etched with silhouetted ers and an image cropped from one J. M. W. Turner's masterpieces. On the front, a gold medallion added after the announcement the award proclaims the novel a National Book Award Winner, while endorsements by prominent novelists line the back. The title, in bold white sans serif, scrolls above the author's name in bright red-orange. Wrapped from left back to right front, the typography creates for the front cover the burning imperative eat startling the viewer, who can read the writer's surname, homophone for hazard, directly below as omen.Despite its dramatic cover, Hazzard's latest novel has largely escaped critical attention. Although applauded for her profound sensitivity (Sellick 187) and emotional microscopy (Mallon), Hazzard wins less acclaim than one might expect for a winner the Miles Franklin and National Book Awards, short-listed for the Orange and Man Booker Prizes. While the extent her corpus, just ten books in fifty years, undoubtedly limits exposure, Brigitta Olubas suggests another reason for a lack critical interest, Hazzard's habits linearity and referential language, seemingly out place in the twenty-first century. 1 Peeling back the veneer tradition that obscures Hazzard's postmodern perspective, Olubas cites artful anachronisms in The Great Fire, whose central image links the 1945 bombing Japan to the 1666 Great Fire in London, and whose invocations western humanism raise questions the complex temporalities literature and cultural inheritance ( Anachronism 281).2 Olubas focuses on the novel's visual imagery, but Hazzard's onomastic choices are as finely tuned as her scenes. Through her symbolic and discursive onomastic techniques, Hazzard problematizes the assumptions English and Australian characters in post-war Japan, that nation defeated if never colonized by European powers, its imperial designs cut short as dramatically as theirs. The names her characters and the patterns their use not only reinforce her theme-the persistence love and war, the world's great fires-but register the postcolonial political pulse an overtly traditional romantic novel. novel.Set in the immediate aftermath World War II, The Great Fire emerges, unavoidably neocolonial, from Hazzard's post-expatriate sensibilities. While she was at work on it, when interviewers attempted to place her in the expat literary tradition, she countered, It wouldn't occur to me to consider myself an expatriate. I'm not even sure which country I'd be an expatriate of (Shirley Hazzard: Back to Basics 48).3 From 2003, the novel reaches half a century back to 1947, when Hiroshima and Auschwitz had severed the world from its supposedly civilized past. Untethered, the binaries love and war, East and West, fate and agency entangle as the plot tracks the unpredictable divagations the human heart. Stripped to its frame, the story thirty-two-year-old British war hero Aldred Leith, still in uniform, and sixteen-year-old Helen Driscoll, daughter an Australian brigadier general, traces the old comedy: boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy gets girl, a storyline Hazzard explicitly invokes.4 Amid the ash occupied Asia, however, her plotline twists to irony its classically comic ending, two lovers in each other's arms. Beyond the scope simple romance, the age disparity between the couple its only complication, the novel explores critical issues identity and authority, implicit in its use names, among the imbalances power in an emerging Cold War world.The Great Fire is peopled with British citizens and colonial nationals who carry western names as their birthright across the expiring British empire. Among them Leith-literate, ethical, and philosophical-represents the idealistic Hippocratic attempt to do no harm in his appointment to Japan. …

A Study on Consumer Buying Behaviour towards Nokia Mobile in Erode District

In Present Marketing Scenario, the Study of Consumer Behavior has become essential. Consumers are the kings of markets. Without consumers no business organization can run. All the activities of the business concerns end with consumers and consumer satisfaction. Customer behavior study is based on consumer buying behavior, with the customer playing the three distinct roles of user, payer and buyer. Consumer buying behavior has become an integral part of strategic market planning. In order to develop a framework for the study consumer behavior it is helpful to begin by considering the evolution of the field of consumer research and the different paradigms of thought that have influenced the discipline. As described in this article, a set of dimensions can be identified in the literature, which can be used to characterize and differentiate the various perspectives on consumer research. It is argued that consumer behavior itself emerged as a distinct field of study during the 1960s; and is characterized by two broad paradigms, the positivist and the non-positivist. The positivist paradigm, which is still the dominant paradigm, emphasizes the supremacy of human reason and that there is a single, objective truth that can be discovered by science. The opposing, non-positivist paradigm, envelops the interpretive and postmodern perspectives, which have emerged more recently during the period post-1980 to date. The rational view and the ideology of a homogenous social culture and thereby deny the complex social and cultural world in which consumers live. The objective of non-positivist research endeavor is to achieve a better understanding of consumer behavior with no specific intent to influence consumer processes. This article aims to identify different streams of thought that could guide future consumer research.

Chair’s Introduction

I would like to introduce Professor Joy Schaverien, PhD (GB), Professor Cathy Hyland Moon (USA) and Doctor Sheridan Linnell PhD (AUS). These panel participants come from three different continents, each with its own history of art therapy and state of theoretical and clinical development. The presenters will be putting their long-standing work in the field in context with their professional identity, which is embedded in each one’s culture, social, political and therapeutic traditions. They will address their theoretical approaches, all grounded in art and the art-making process, psychoanalytic traditions and influences from postmodern perspectives such as feminist, critical, liberation, disability studies, and socially engaged art.

모더니즘과 포스트모더니즘 관점에서 본 퍼스트레이디 패션 스타일 비교연구 - 재클린 케네디와 미셸 오바마를 중심으로 -

모더니즘과 포스트모더니즘 관점에서 본 퍼스트레이디 패션 스타일 비교연구 - 재클린 케네디와 미셸 오바마를 중심으로 -

Wychowanie obywatelskie a problem nauczania historii – rekonstrukcja zachodniej debaty

Some academics claim that history education is a vital component in citizenship education, others say that its role is overestimated. In the postmodern perspective there is “the end of the past” which is, to some extend, a product of consumption society and globalization. The contemporary societies are future-oriented and the rituals, myths and the need of belonging have nearly disappeared. In this context the questions about the purposes of history education and its relation to citizenship education are posed: should history education be nation-orientated to build loyalty and commitment or should it develop skills and knowledge for better comprehension of the present? Is history education oriented towards consensus or con ict? How to talk about history in multicultural societies, without marginalizing particular groups and without imperious imposition of the only version of “the Truth”? In order to answer to these question the reconstruction of the western debate has been made.

A Study of Transforming Pre-service Teacher Education in Postmodern Perspectives: Logic and Ethics of Deconstruction and Reconstruction

A Study of Transforming Pre-service Teacher Education in Postmodern Perspectives: Logic and Ethics of Deconstruction and Reconstruction

Teaching Community Organizing? A Postmodernist Comparison Between Alinsky's Conflict and Eichler's Consensus Models

Social work students are expected to develop competency in and be able to use macro practice concepts in communities. One common area of macro practice involves organizing communities to improve socioeconomic environments. This article compares 2 prevailing models of community organization— Alinsky's conflict and Eichler's consensus models— from a postmodernist perspective. The goal is to guide educators and students in determining the appropriate use of each model based on the conditions influencing the need to organize. A case study is included to provide an opportunity to engage in a critical thinking exercise aimed at further honing practitioners’ skills.

Post-Modern Perspectives on Orthodox Positivism

This contribution explains the travails of international legal positivism (ILP) from post-modern perspectives. It identifies conventional precepts of orthodox ILP and shows how variants of post-modern thinking unravel them. The focus rests on three main such precepts and their critique: first, orthodox ILP works against the backdrop of a given language that stands stable and unsoiled from the operation of the law. Second, it embraces a political philosophy that gives the legal subject – traditionally the sovereign state – a foundational role. Third, orthodox ILP sees but a small space for politics in international law that is confined to law’s creation through legal sources. These three basic precepts relate to linguistics (the location and generation of meaning), to subjectivity (the place of state consent), and to politics (here understood as the struggle for power and its exercise). Three key concepts of post-modern thinking are introduced in order to question each of these precepts: the vivacious concept of performativity embodies lessons of the linguistic turn. Deconstruction suggests unveiling conflicting diversity underneath harmony and unity of any subject. Governmentality, finally, exposes the many faces of power. In sum, law and politics are much more entangled than ILP would traditionally have it.

Identity and the hybridity of modern finance: how a specifically modern concept of the self underlies the modern ownership of property, trusts and finance

Postmodern thinker A. N. Whitehead argued that the idea of the identity of the self is one of the significant mistakes made by modern philosophy. From this postmodern perspective, this article examines how this mistaken concept underlies the modern ownership schemes of property, trusts and finance. It argues that exploiting the hybridity of money and credit explains the development of modern ownership from property to trusts and modern finance, and that, in the process of exploiting this hybridity, property owners struggle to endure and secure their identities permanently. This article also analyses unethical aspects of the hybridity of modern finance, as well as its systemic vulnerability, which contributed to the financial crisis of 2008. The essay concludes with a brief discussion of a general reform principle for the financial sector.

Genius Loci Balkani: Reception of the Past and the Construction of the Academic Narrative on the Balkan Heritage

Postcolonial and postmodern perspectives, entering the humanities over the last decades of the 20th century, have contributed to the awareness that the present European interpretations of the past have been strongly influenced by the social and ideological context of the 19th and 20th centuries. Consciously or otherwise, the pioneers of research into the Classical antiquities have perceived the object of their research through their own perception of the relations in the world that surrounded them, thus inscribing their contemporaneous values onto the past and using thus conceived past in understanding, explaining and justifying the modern social/cultural phenomena.
 This contribution poses the question to which extent the social trends in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia have inspired and enabled the creation of an academic narrative about the uniqueness of the Balkan lands, based upon the continuity with the „ancient humanism“, and social/cultural values, (allegedly) defined at the times of Ancient Greece and Hellenism. The relationship is considered between the modern trends and the formation of academic issues in the case of social and political circumstances that coincided with the creation of the discourse of the „Balkan spirit“. The narrative is considered from the times of its formation up to the present, as well as the reasons for its wide popularity both in the academic community and the general public.

Transcending the cube: translating GIScience time and space perspectives in a humanities GIS

This paper discusses a Humanities Geographical Information Systems timespace modeling project, which does not reject the ‘space-time’ cube model but rather incorporates, translates and metonymically focuses GIScience methodologies through the epistemological prisms of the arts and humanities. The arts and humanities may offer insights which GIScience can consider in order to conceptualise and model timespaces. Employing the Euclidian framing of conventional GIS approaches, it attempts to artistically, metaphorically and metonymically engage the ‘space-time’ cube concept as a means to suggest a non-linear and fragmented perspective of space and time. The case study presented in this paper triangulates in GIS ‘soft’ data from a modernist novel depicting postmodern perspectives, empirical data sourced from fieldwork guided by the urban mapping strategies of Guy Debord and the Situationists Internationale and Giambattista Vico’s cyclical view of history with Mikhail M. Bakhtin’s literary motif of the chronotope as techniques to model contiguous perspectives of linear and cyclical timespace. The paper hopes to encourage ways to reflect upon a rapprochement between humanistic and scientific approaches to modelling space and time with GIS.

Diep snydende vrae, met antwoorde gebore uit weerloosheid: Nav Jurie le Roux se 'spirituele empatie'

Deep probing questions but answers conceived in vulnerability: On Jurie le Roux�s �spiritual empathy�. Taking the conversation between the Old Testament scholar Jurie le Roux and the dogmatician Johan Heyns as point of departure, it is argued that his well-founded criticism of Heyns has to be taken seriously, as well as his proposition in favour of spiritual empathy to enhance the understanding of historical texts. However, his recommendation for spiritual emphaty is subsequently constructively valued and criticised from a theological-experiential perspective. It is especially noted that, on the one hand, Le Roux�s reactionary historical point of view regarding, amongst others, the retrieval of the orginal intention of the author/text is convincing. On the other hand, it is argued that his perspective is predisposed toward an unproblematical self in the present. As a result, the act of historical interpretation is reduced to dependence on �the seams of the heart� in the individual quester. It is after all argued and substantiated from systematic-theological, postmodern, philosophical and theological-scientific perspectives that historicity does not consist solely of historical �seeing� in the sense of retaining the original intention of the author. Historical understanding also entails historical �hearing� (that is, a surplus of meaning) which broadens and enriches historical understanding.

Shakespeare and Religion: Early Modern and Postmodern Perspectives. Edited by KenJackson and Arthur F.Marotti. Pp. 306, Notre Dame, Indiana, Indiana University Press, 2011, $38.00 paper.

Shakespeare and Religion: Early Modern and Postmodern Perspectives. Edited by KenJackson and Arthur F.Marotti. Pp. 306, Notre Dame, Indiana, Indiana University Press, 2011, $38.00 paper.

Editor’s Introduction to the Special Issue: “Crucial Critical Criminology”

A relevant, spirited, and crucial critical criminology sees power, inequality, and oppression as fundamental elements of social structure, culture, and interaction. Stratification systems based on class, race, ethnicity, gender, age, geography, anthropocentrism, and sexual identities and orientations are obvious realms of critical criminological analysis, but so are inquiries into the crimes of powerful state and corporate organizations along with the material and ideological forces impacting the development and exercise of criminal justice, law, and social control. To these concerns we can add the importance of praxis to critical criminology, whether in the form of street protest, counter-hegemonic pedagogy, social media claims-making activities, or collaborating with non-academics in various social spaces toward social justice. A prophetic, healthy, and visionary critical criminology also takes interdisciplinary and international research and theory seriously—after all, much of the history of traditional criminological research and theory in criminology is simplistic, jingoistic, fails to see crime as mostly epiphenomenal, is riddled with bias and stereotypes, remains silent on major forms of oppression, and is out of touch with many of the realities of street and home-life as they relate to crime, harm, justice, and victimization. My belief is that critical criminology has generally moved the larger field of criminology into far more interesting, exciting, and productive paths and away from the tired and staid theories and research findings that explain next to nothing about crime and deviance. That mainstream, ‘‘professional’’ criminology, like many of its academic brothers and sisters, has become a legitimized reification of its subject matter has never been lost on critical criminologists. The authors of the articles in this special issue are excellent examples scholars who have rejected the banality of traditional criminological concerns and forged new intellectual ground in the field: Dragan Milovanovic along with just a handful of others such as Bruce Arrigo have brought the ultra-critical perspective of postmodernism to criminology; Meda Chesney-Lind along with Merry Morash and Claire Renzetti are among the first scholars to bring feminism to life and enduring relevance in critical criminology; Hal Pepinksy and Richard Quinney brought a totally different vision

In Defense of a Liberal Education: Criticizing the Critical

Before I started my doctoral program in education at the University of New Brunswick, I had read extensively on the critical, postmodern orientation of humanities and social science departments in North American universities. I knew that polls had consistently shown that between 85 and 97 percent of faculty members in such departments had a left-wing orientation, and that this would likely manifest itself in their support for critical and postmodern perspectives on education. I was also aware of controversial incidents on campuses around North America surrounding “politically correct” speech codes and thought control measures instituted at the behest of faculty and students of this ideological persuasion. DOI 10.1007/s12129-013-9365-4

Reflections from a tarnished mirror: an application of Alvesson and Sköldberg's ‘reflexive interpretation’ to a study of curriculum design in higher education

It is now widely understood that reflexivity constitutes a vital element of good qualitative research. However, reflexive accounts often draw on a single theoretical framework, thus privileging and legitimizing a particular interpretation of empirical data. This paper focuses on Alvesson and Sköldberg's ‘reflexive interpretation’, which arises from the interplay between the perspectives of grounded theory, hermeneutics, critical theory and postmodernism. The positioning of the researcher in such a multi-paradigmatic relationship to the empirical data offers the potential for deeper meaning. By applying Alvesson and Sköldberg's approach to a case study of curriculum design, I explore issues of teaching reflection to postgraduate students. Problematizing the case study data at the level of hermeneutics provides insights into the temporality, complexity and symbolic meaning disclosed through the interpretive act. Whilst critical theory locates the findings within the political-ideological context, the postmodern perspective questions my power and authority as a teacher-researcher of reflection.

Una reflexión sobre los «nuevos» derechos. Perspectivas y desafíos en el siglo XXI

El presente trabajo pretende analizar el cambio de paradigmas derivado del proceso de transición de la Modernidad hasta la Posmodernidad y los desafíos enfrentados hoy en el campo jurídico. Asimismo, el objetivo es reflexionar sobre los llamados «nuevos» derechos, enfocados a partir del derecho ambiental y del derecho urbanístico, considerados los precursores de esta perspectiva en el Derecho posmoderno y, por fin, presentar los desafíos y las perspectivas de su consumación en el siglo XXI.

History teachers' thinking about the nature of their subject

This paper addresses how secondary history teachers view the nature and purposes of their subject and how they think these views impact on their practice. Data were collected through individual qualitative interviews with eleven UK history teachers at the start of their careers. Their views on the nature of history are broadly empiricist with postmodern perspectives having been less influential. Their rationales for the subject emphasise broader educational purposes. The case for further emphasis on subject understandings in teacher education is made through a consideration of the implications of a lack of emphasis of more postmodern perspectives on classroom practice.

Marx y Maffesoli en perspectiva posmoderna

Se busca confrontar el modernismo de Marx y su visión prometeica de la realidad moderna, con la posición posmodernista del sociólogo francés Michel Maffesoli, quien parte de una alternativa dionisíaca y pone en cuestión los valores-centro del mundo moderno. La pregunta por la utopía social emerge como interrogante en el dionisismo del filósofo francés.