Post-war Development Research Articles

THE DICHOTOMY OF IMPROVING STATE BUDGET EXPENDITURE: FROM ENSURING OPPOSITION TO RUSSIAN AGGRESSION AGAINST UKRAINE TO BUILDING A MODERN STATE INTEGRATED INTO WESTERN CIVILIZATION

Introduction. The period of resistance to the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine implies the need to solve fundamentally new tasks facing the state and the accumulation of a large layer of previously accumulated problems. This determines the key need to improve state budget expenditures. The purpose of the article is to develop main vectors for improving the management of state budget expenditures, aimed at ensuring the ability to resist the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the implementation of measures to build a modern state integrated into the European and Euro-Atlantic space. Results. The main vectors of improving state budget expenditures should cover a complex of directions: strengthening the organizational capacity of entities managing budget expenditures, improving priorities for the use of budget funds, establishing effective communications with society, modernizing the procedures for forming and implementing budget expenditures (budgeting technologies), and developing institutional support for the use budget funds. A set of measures has been defined for the period of resistance to the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the period of postwar development of the country with the aim of strengthening the organizational capacity of entities managing budget expenditures, which includes the development of human capital, the introduction of the latest digital technologies, the introduction of artificial intelligence and the strengthening of partnership ties. For the specified period, directions for strengthening the priorities of budget expenditures are outlined, which involve changes in each of the functions of budget expenditures in the economic system (placement, redistribution and stimulation) and in public administration (programming and control). The introduction and application of modern budgeting technologies in Ukraine is expedient in view of the possibility of applying relevant NATO documents during the period of resistance to Russian aggression on optimizing the allocation of resources to maximize the result in the defense sphere and taking into account the potential of European and Euro-Atlantic integration in the post-war period. Identified directions in improving the formation and implementation of budget expenditures, as well as the changing external environment, necessitate the development of institutional support for the budget process. Conclusions. The well-founded composition and content of measures to improve expenditures in the conditions of resistance to the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine is aimed not only at solving the tasks that are relevant for this period, but also should create a favorable environment for a flexible transition for the further modernization of relations in the field of budget expenditures in the period of the country's post-war development and successful European and Euro-Atlantic integration.

Distribution of regions by their functional type, as a stage for assessing the socio-economic efficiency of the country’s post-war development

The war is still raging, but it is already clear that advance planning is needed to ensure survival and prepare for Ukraine's recovery from the destruction caused by Russian aggression. The damage and losses caused by the aggressor to Ukrainian regions amount to billions of dollars, which are already being received and will continue to be received in the form of international technical assistance, reparations, investments, etc. These funds will be distributed across the regions, taking into account the extent of their destruction, in the relevant areas (priorities). This process requires clear arguments from the government and local authorities on the targeting of both funds and priorities that characterise effectiveness. Therefore, there is a need to find effective tools for assessing the socio-economic efficiency of post-war reconstruction. Thus, the purpose of the article is to develop a methodological support for the distribution of territories according to their functional purpose and practical implementation of the assessment of socio-economic efficiency of post-war reconstruction of the country. The conceptual foundations of the proposals presented in the article are based on current legislation, general scientific methods of cognition, theoretical and empirical orientation. On the basis of the matrix method, a system of coordinates is built to distribute the regions of Ukraine by their functional type. The choice of individual indicators as the abscissa and ordinate axes is substantiated. By converting natural indicators into relative ones, the initial data for the distribution of regions by their functional type are formed. For the purpose of further comparison of data, the average value for each indicator and region in the dynamics for five years is calculated. The proposed approach allows for a substantive approach to determining the priorities of post-war development, taking into account the typology of territories and their compliance with the basic conditions and opportunities for development, as well as the degree of destruction as a result of hostilities.

Модернізація інституту правосуб’єктності територіальної громади в умовах воєнного стану, післявоєнного розвитку України та Європи

Модернізація інституту правосуб’єктності територіальної громади в умовах воєнного стану, післявоєнного розвитку України та Європи

Perspectives of implementation of public-private partnership in the conditions of war and in the period of post-war development: public and administrative aspect

Perspectives of implementation of public-private partnership in the conditions of war and in the period of post-war development: public and administrative aspect

Інноваційні технології в логістиці промислових підприємств у період війни та повоєнної розбудови економіки України: корпоративні відносини та інтелектуальна власність

The article is aimed at studying the main changes in logistics during the wartime and, further on, generalizing innovative technologies in industrial logistics in the situation of wartime and concerning the post-war period of economic development of Ukraine, as well as developing proposals for improving the efficiency of their use from the standpoint of corporate relations and intellectual property. The authors’ own structural and logical scheme of the study on the topic «Innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises during the wartime and in the post-war development of the economy of Ukraine: corporate relations and intellectual property» in a general form is built, the material of the article is presented accordingly. The main changes in logistics that took place during the war of Russian Federation on Ukraine are highlighted. The importance of «innovative technology in the logistics of industrial enterprises» is substantiated from the standpoint of valuating the interests of all stakeholders. In the course of the study, the authors’ own interpretation of this category as new technologies that are created on the basis of the use of intellectual property rights and are able to satisfy the vital interests of all participants in corporate relations by means of applying them in the logistics of industrial enterprises is presented. The promising directions of application of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises in the conditions of wartime and in the post-war development of the national economy are generalized. It is noted that the current economy of Ukraine operates in the context of transformation of market relations in accordance with the requirements of the EU, one of which is the formation of the corporate sector for the effective use of pooled capital (both financial and non-financial). The indicators of receipt of applications for objects of property rights (OPR) and for inventions during the period of 2018–2022 are analyzed, the results of the carried out analysis have actualized the issue of motivation for the creation and introduction of the objects of intellectual property rights (OIPR) as a source of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises during the wartime and in the post-war development of the economy of Ukraine. The conceptual and logical scheme of creation and implementation of objects of intellectual property rights as a source of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial corporate associations is visualized on the basis of situational and integrated approaches. It is expected that the recommendations provided will improve the process of management of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises, accelerate the restoration, modernization and development of corporate industrial associations, increase the level of satisfaction of vital interests of participants in corporate relations and of the population of Ukraine as a whole concerning both during the wartime and in the post-war development of the national economy.

МЕХАНІЗМИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ПОВОЄННОЇ РОЗБУДОВИ В УКРАЇНІ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article has been devoted to solving the urgent issue of developing a sound system of economic policy mechanisms to ensure the recovery of Ukraine from the consequences of the war. It has been emphasized that the post-war recovery should be based on a clear and comprehensive concept, in which the factors of sustainable development, green economy, and social inclusion must play a significant role. According to these factors and the system of reasonable principles for the development of the green economy in Ukraine, the author has proposed such the system of mechanisms: financial&investment mechanism, infrastructural mechanism, integration mechanism and innovation mechanism. The author assesses the investment&financial mechanism as being related to the crossborder movement of investment and credit capital, funds of official development assistance, as well as the introduction of tax and budgetary instruments to stimulate the green transition. The main elements of this mechanism have been proposed in the article. The article also provides an assessment of the infrastructural mechanism of the post-war development of the green economy in the context of the system of internal measures and tools aimed at improving the macroeconomic environment of business activities and effective management of green transformation processes. The author's list of relevant tools of this mechanism has been given in the article. The author emphasized that the integration mechanism of the post-war development of the green economy in Ukraine has been designed to ensure the formation of a coherent national and global green economy and the corresponding internal and external integration. The article offers relevant tools of this mechanism. Characterizing the innovative mechanism of the post-war development of the green economy, the author substantiates its leading role in ensuring the processes of green transformation as a key scientific and technical resource of post-industrial development. The author's list of tools that ensure the implementation of this mechanism has been given in the article.

Transformation of land and cadastral accounting of the quantity and quality of land in Ukraine in the conditions of post-war recovery

The state land cadastre has always played an important role in regulating land relations in the country. With the adoption of the current Land Code of Ukraine in 2001 and the establishment of the land market, issues related to land accounting have become particularly relevant. There is a need to provide users with accurate and reliable information about each land plot, including its area, composition of land categories, distribution of land by owners and land users, condition, quality, and evaluation of land resources, as well as the efficiency of their use. Land accounting is known to be one of the main types of economic accounting and forms a unified system. Unlike land registration, the nature of land accounting has not been extensively studied for a long time. During the Soviet period, accounting mostly had a technical nature and primarily served statistical and economic functions. However, while recognizing the unity of economic accounting, it should be noted that different types of accounting solve their own tasks, using their own specific methods and techniques [1]. This paper examines the transformation of land accounting in Ukraine, focusing on the peculiarities of the historical development of the accounting system from the beginning of Ukraine's independence in 1990 to the present period. The stages of the development of the accounting system, the roles of various institutions, and legislative changes that have influenced this process are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the essence and functions of the state land cadastre, as well as the role of the cadastre in regulating land relations and ensuring the rational management of land resources. Special attention is given to the period of administrative-territorial reform, local self-government reform, decentralization, and post-war development of the land cadastre.

DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH OF THE COX-CHEMICAL INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE: CURRENT TRENDS AND PROSPECTS

Objective. The purpose of the article is to study the current trends in the development of the domestic coke chemical industry and to determine further prospects that will contribute to further transformational processes and the formation of effective economic policy in this area. Method. The choice of research methods is determined by the complex nature of the work. Among them: graphic, statistical analysis, comparison, detailing, analysis and synthesis, which in the complex will make it possible to assess the situation in the industry and to form ways of solving the identified problems in a timely manner. The results. As a result of the study of the current trends in the development of the domestic coke chemical industry (based on the analysis of the main indicators in the dynamics), it was established that the production of products has decreased significantly, and the situation in the industry is characterized as a crisis. A complex of factors that negatively affected the volume of industrial production is characterized. It was noted that some of them are related to the lack of raw materials, the obsolescence of the material and technical base, a decrease in demand from customers, a low level of innovation and investment activity, and a low level of product competitiveness. Attention was drawn to the fact that the company suffered significant losses due to damage or partial destruction due to the large-scale military invasion of Russia, disruption of logistics and destruction of energy infrastructure due to missile strikes and shelling of the territory of Ukraine by the aggressor country. The dependence of the functioning of enterprises on the situation on the world markets of coking coal and coke is indicated. The main influencing factors are characterized. It was noted that despite the acute problems faced by coke-chemical enterprises today, domestic production has a certain potential for development on a new technological basis. Emphasis is placed on the need for transformations in the industry. Prospective directions for the development of the industry have been formed, which will contribute to such processes and the formation of effective economic policy in this area. The information base of the study was the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the GMK.- center, research by consulting companies regarding the development of the situation in the world markets of steel, coking coal and coke, regulatory and legal documents and documents of the state authorities of Ukraine, which made it possible to confirm the need for post-war development of the industry. Scientific novelty. On the basis of the conducted research and as a result of the isolated problems occurring in the coke-chemical industry, the directions of its development as a whole and coke-chemical enterprises as its components are proposed, which will allow to restore stable functioning and form an effective economic policy in this area in the conditions of post-war recovery. Practical significance. The results of the research on the development of the domestic coke industry have practical value. They make it possible to better understand the peculiarities of economic, technical and technological processes in this area, to understand the place of the country in the global coke markets, to determine the nature of existing problems, their depth and scale, which is useful in the implementation of transformational processes, the formation of effective state economic policy and industry development strategies

The Information Age and Naval Command & Control

This is a condensed version of this article originally prepared for the USNA McMullen Naval History Symposium in 2017 and is a collaboration between David Boslaugh, Peter Marland, and John Vardalas (Stevens Institute of Technology) who have previously written about the postwar development of naval digital systems in their respective countries.

„Slovenská karta“ v plzeňské politice po vzniku Československa. Komparace vývoje na západě a východě republiky v letech 1919–1920

The establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918 united several hitherto relatively heterogeneous territorial units: Bohemia, Moravia and a part of Silesia, on the one hand, with Slovakia and Transcarpathian Ukraine, on the other. Their populations’ awareness of what life was like on the other side of the Morava River was probably not particularly high, and, as a result, the territories were practically foreign countries. Did the west and east of Czechoslovakia at least share some common post-war development features? This paper attempts to compare some of the events in the first two years after the establishment of the common state, emphasising national and social issues as the basis for comparison. Did the west of Czechoslovakia, with its German population, residing mostly in its border areas, have anything in common with Slovakia with its national differentiation? And did the west and the east of the republic also face some common social issues, exacerbated by a five-year military conflict? Did they offer comparable solutions to shortages of basic foodstuffs and make comparable efforts to improve working conditions or make housing more affordable? Could developments taking place hundreds of miles away influence events on the other side of the country? The paper seeks to answer all of these and many more questions through archival and historical research.

DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH OF THE COX-CHEMICAL INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE: CURRENT TRENDS AND PROSPECTS

Objective. The purpose of the article is to study the current trends in the development of the domestic coke chemical industry and to determine further prospects that will contribute to further transformational processes and the formation of effective economic policy in this area. Method. The choice of research methods is determined by the complex nature of the work. Among them: graphic, statistical analysis, comparison, detailing, analysis and synthesis, which in the complex will make it possible to assess the situation in the industry and to form ways of solving the identified problems in a timely manner. The results. As a result of the study of the current trends in the development of the domestic coke chemical industry (based on the analysis of the main indicators in the dynamics), it was established that the production of products has decreased significantly, and the situation in the industry is characterized as a crisis. A complex of factors that negatively affected the volume of industrial production is characterized. It was noted that some of them are related to the lack of raw materials, the obsolescence of the material and technical base, a decrease in demand from customers, a low level of innovation and investment activity, and a low level of product competitiveness. Attention was drawn to the fact that the company suffered significant losses due to damage or partial destruction due to the large-scale military invasion of Russia, disruption of logistics and destruction of energy infrastructure due to missile strikes and shelling of the territory of Ukraine by the aggressor country. The dependence of the functioning of enterprises on the situation on the world markets of coking coal and coke is indicated. The main influencing factors are characterized. It was noted that despite the acute problems faced by coke-chemical enterprises today, domestic production has a certain potential for development on a new technological basis. Emphasis is placed on the need for transformations in the industry. Prospective directions for the development of the industry have been formed, which will contribute to such processes and the formation of effective economic policy in this area. The information base of the study was the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the GMK.- center, research by consulting companies regarding the development of the situation in the world markets of steel, coking coal and coke, regulatory and legal documents and documents of the state authorities of Ukraine, which made it possible to confirm the need for post-war development of the industry. Scientific novelty. On the basis of the conducted research and as a result of the isolated problems occurring in the coke-chemical industry, the directions of its development as a whole and coke-chemical enterprises as its components are proposed, which will allow to restore stable functioning and form an effective economic policy in this area in the conditions of post-war recovery. Practical significance. The results of the research on the development of the domestic coke industry have practical value. They make it possible to better understand the peculiarities of economic, technical and technological processes in this area, to understand the place of the country in the global coke markets, to determine the nature of existing problems, their depth and scale, which is useful in the implementation of transformational processes, the formation of effective state economic policy and industry development strategies/

Використання інструментів державно-приватного партнерства для повоєнного відновлення економіки України

The aim of the article is to identify the opportunities and risks of using instruments of public-private partnership (PPP) for the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy, which, given the scale of damage and destruction of enterprises and infrastructure, will require significant investments, human resources, and time. Public-private partnership as a process of interaction between the State and the private sector in order to implement certain projects or programs aimed at developing the economy, infrastructure, science, education, health care and other areas has significant potential for ensuring the post-war recovery. The article identifies the main aspects that determine the importance of PPP for the post-war development of the Ukrainian economy, as well as develops the terminological apparatus of public-private partnership and highlights its key elements as an economic category. The advantages of PPP compared to other instruments of economic recovery after the war, especially in the context of promoting a resilient and rapid recovery, include: speed and efficiency; the possibility of attracting private capital; innovativeness; resource management efficiency; stimulation of competition; international support; potential for market expansion; development of local partnerships; significant social impact, and others. A review of the results of the implementation of public-private partnership projects in various sectors of the economy is carried out. The main challenges and obstacles to the development of public-private partnership are outlined. Among the latter, the most significant are: a high level of corruption and a low level of trust of public institutions in the State bodies; insufficient legal regulation and insufficient level of training employees for effective project management. Particular attention is paid to the risks of the PPP implementation in Ukraine and measures that will allow timely identification and overcoming such risks. It is substantiated that the urgent task for the effective implementation of public-private partnership is to create a favorable environment, providing a key factor in attracting investment, promoting economic growth and improving the life of the population. Prospect for further research in this direction is the development of practical recommendations for improving the instrumentarium for evaluating public-private partnership projects in Ukraine.

ПОВОЄННА РОЗБУДОВА В УКРАЇНІ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ: ОСНОВНІ СЦЕНАРІЇ

The article emphasizes that russia's military aggression against Ukraine causes not only huge destruction of the domestic industrial complex, settlements, energy infrastructure, but also harms the environment and society. The author emphasizes that solid foundations for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine's economy on the basis of green growth are already being actively laid. It has been substantiated that the success of such reconstruction would depend on a number of factors and circumstances, which should be collectively taken into account within the scenario approach to assessment and forecasting. The author has proposed a list of key principles of scenario forecasting of the post-war development of the green economy in Ukraine. It has been emphasized that when developing scenarios, different approaches should be used and forecasting models should be developed. The latest usually differ in both the set of factors and their disposition. The dominant megatrends of Ukraine's competitive development in global coordinates which would affect the formation of scenario factors, have been characterized. Criterion features for the formation of green economy development scenarios have been defined. Four scenarios of the post-war development of the green economy in Ukraine for the period until 2050 have been substantiated. The description of the author's scenario of returning to the brown economy of the pre-war period has been given (the first scenario). The author sees the second possible scenario of the post-war development of the green economy in Ukraine as a focus on the development of the bioeconomy. The scenario of the post-war development of a circular economy model based on a zero ecological footprint in Ukraine (the third scenario of the development of a green economy) has been described and characterized. These scenarios have been compared with the fourth scenario related to the formation of a full-scale green economy in Ukraine. The author justifies that the most likely is the implementation of the third scenario in Ukraine – the development of a circular economy based on a zero ecological footprint.

Інститути та інституційна резильєнтність: сутність і роль у повоєнній розбудові економіки України

The relevance of the study of institutions on their role in the economy of Ukraine in the conditions of wartime and in view of the post-war reconstruction is of great importance, since the military conflict significantly affects all spheres of life of our country. The aim of the present study is to summarize the theoretical provisions on the essence of institutions and institutional resilience and determine their role in the post-war development of the Ukrainian economy. The article considers the main aspects of institutionalism, which arose on the basis of the research of prominent scientists of the XIX-XX centuries. Various approaches to the definition of the concept of «institution» have been allocated, in particular the normative approach, which considers the institution as a complex set of norms or rules. Different views on the classification of institutions according to key features are presented. Attention is focused on institutional resilience as an important classification feature of institutions in the post-war period. The importance of creating resilient institutions for rapid economic recovery is emphasized and the issue of ensuring their institutional resilience is formulated. According to OECD research, institutions that have worked effectively in a stable period may not be able to withstand a crisis. Several practical directions for the creation of resilient institutions are proposed on the basis of practical examples of their implementation in the countries that need post-crisis revival, in particular, the use of internal sources of resilience, positive experience, local norms and values, social capital, etc. It is highlighted that the resilience of institutions can be achieved through internal efforts, adaptation and local experience. The importance of this approach for the development of sustainable institutions capable of withstanding crises and maintaining functionality is specified. The opinion is expressed that in the post-war period it will be important for Ukraine to determine the factors of resilience of institutions for the effective recovery and development of the country.

POST-WAR RECOVERY OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY: THE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF DIGITAL BUSINESS

The article considered the essence of the institutional environment for the post-war recovery and development of digital business, analyzed the main formal and informal institutions that will influence the implementation of entrepreneurial activity in this direction after the Victory of Ukraine. It is noted that for a better understanding of the specifics of the functioning of the specified system in the modern conditions of digitization of all social systems, the issues of conducting additional research on the processes of forming a new post-war space for the implementation of economic activities by economic entities, the emergence of digital business and its role in the post-war recovery of the national economy are becoming relevant. It is emphasized that the specificity of the functioning of institutes and institutions in the public space is that their formation and development is possible through already functioning institutes and institutions, but quite often they arise on the basis of the same systems, for example, political, social, and exert a powerful influence on development of other systems (economic, for example). This is exactly the situation that arose in Ukraine during the war. New informal institutions were formed, and even faster than the formal ones were changing. It was determined that the prerequisites for the formation and development of institutions, the birth of institutions are extremely complex, and this determines the complexity of the formation of the institutional environment, which is necessary for the post-war recovery of the national economy. However, the ability to transform and develop such an environment contributes to the potential possibility of its change, affecting individual factors, factors that determine it. It was concluded that an important role in this process is played by formal institutions, which are called upon through transformational processes to ensure the systematic and harmonious development of all social systems without exception, to promote their effective interaction with each other, which will become the basis for the post-war recovery of the national economy. In general, it has been established that institutes and institutions influence the development primarily not of the digital business system itself, but of the behavior of economic entities involved in the functioning of such a system. The study shows that it is the purposeful influence on their behavior regarding the provision and use of services that are provided within such a system, and forms the foundation for the post-war restoration of the specified system, determines the peculiarities of its functioning in a stochastic postwar environment. Acting either as producers of relevant services or as their consumers, business entities produce a significant number of different types of models of their own economic behavior, which are formed within the institutional environment. It was concluded that influencing the process of building such models is a possible way to determine the post-war development of the digital business system. At the same time, measures of influence on the activities of various economic entities should be different, depending on the degree of post-war digitization of the national economy.

СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ВИРОБНИЧИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ: ПОВОЄННА ВІДБУДОВА

The conditions of war can lead to significant losses for domestic manufacturing enterprises, which are caused by many factors. These losses are caused by a catastrophic decrease in demand for domestic products and the overall quality of life of the population, which also reduces the demand for products and further complicates the already difficult situation for the relevant economic entities. In addition, such losses are caused by negative changes in the market and other environments, which may require changes in approaches to production and product sales. This situation is not simple; however, if production enterprises manage to maintain their functionality or potential for recovery during the post-war reconstruction period, these entities will have significant development opportunities provided that situational strategies for post-war development are developed. Therefore, the article examines the peculiarities of forming a situational development strategy for production enterprises in Ukraine during the post-war reconstruction of the national economy and infrastructure of the country. The article emphasizes the basic attention to the fact that the content of development strategies for production enterprises in Ukraine during the post-war reconstruction is situational. This specificity is since only situational strategies and reactive measures characteristic of them are always used depending on current circumstances to ensure success in a particular situation. Signs of situational strategies may include adaptability (developed to address specific problems or situations, thus they can be changed or adapted depending on circumstances), short-term focus (oriented towards achieving a specific goal or solving a specific problem within a limited time frame), experimental nature (as such strategies may be experimental involving new ideas and approaches to problem-solving or improving outcomes), innovativeness (can stimulate innovative approaches and practices that help solve problems and develop the enterprise). For further research in this direction, it may be useful to examine in more detail specific ways and methods of attracting investments to restore production capacity, as well as to study the experience of other countries in post-war reconstruction and industrial development. Additionally, it would be worthwhile to explore the potential applications of innovative technologies in restoring production capacity, which could contribute to a rapid and effective recovery of the country's economy.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НОВІТНІХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ СПОРУДЖЕННЯ СТВОЛІВ ТА СВЕРДЛОВИН ДЛЯ ПОВОЄННОЇ РОЗБУДОВИ ВУГІЛЬНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ УКРАЇНИ

Purpose Analysis of production experience, scientific and technical developments and assessment of prospects for the use and development of the latest technologies for the construction of vertical mine shafts and wells for the post-war development of the coal industry of Ukraine. Methods. The methods of analysis of the accumulated production experience of drilling shafts and wells, first, in the leading mining countries and in Ukraine, as well as scientific and technical literature, were use. Findings. The classification of technologies of vertical shafts and wells construction methods was consider. It’s tested and promising ones for Ukraine were analyze, in relation to the restoration and creation of mining capacities, technological schemes and equipment for the construction of vertical openings mainly with mechanical destruction of rocks in the hole, the production experience of the Donetskshakhtoprokhodka and Spetsshakhtoburinnia trusts was summarize. from the point of view of use, in particular, during the construction of new coal blocks of PJSC «Mining Management «Pokrovske», large-scale investment projects. The possibility of using a modified parallel technological scheme for traditional blasting technology is substantiate. The prospects of mechanized boring of shafts in Ukraine – by drilling and with the use of shaft boring combines of leading world manufacturers – were evaluate. These opportunities can be realize in case of acceptance and implementation by Ukraine's partners of a modern analogue of the "Marshall Plan" after the victory over the aggressor. Originality. The results of the analysis of technological schemes and methods of drilling vertical shafts and wells, the accumulated production experience and scientific and technical developments are summarize, the trends and prospects of the development of mine construction technologies – the driver of the development of the national mining industry – are considered. Practical implication. The analysis of technological schemes and methods of drilling vertical shafts and wells was perform based on domestic and foreign production experience. Key words: vertical shaft, borehole, sinking technology, mechanical fracture, rodless boring, shaft-borehole machine, pilot borehole.

To Build Fast and Cheap”: The Formation of the Idea of Pskov’s Urban Development in the 1940s–1970s

This article examines the evolution of ideas on the post-war development of Pskov based on the city’s master plans. Modern Pskov with many ancient churches and fortress walls was restored after severe military destruction which had happened during the Great Patriotic War. The master plan of 1945 worked out by Leningrad architects assumed a complete ensemble building system inside the center of Pskov with the restoration of Orthodox churches as well as the relocation of industrial enterprises from the city center to the outskirts. An important feature of the new look of Pskov was to be the city center with low buildings, emphasizing the importance of ancient monuments raised from the ruins. This vision of the historical center of the city was actively defended by the restorer and architect Yu. P. Spegalsky, who, however, failed to interest the local government in his ideas. As a result, the postwar Pskov was restored and developed with an eye kept on the current needs of the city’s development. In the 1950s, the area to be built in Pskov was significantly expanded. From an open space with a view of the Trinity Cathedral and a proposed monument to Alexander Nevsky, Sovetskaya Square, the center of the city, was turned into Lenin Square, a transport junction, surrounded from different sides by new buildings, which had an important ideological meaning (Oktiabr movie theater, Trade Union House of Culture). The new master plan of 1963 was focused on mass construction of model housing and development of urban infrastructure. But this master plan did not take into account the value and importance of ancient architectural monuments. After the consolidation of the professional community in the mid-1960s in Pskov, the attitude towards the monuments began to change. This was reflected in the master plan of 1973, which tried to combine the further growth of the city and the development of Pskov as a tourist center.

Напрями повоєнної розбудови національної системи сталого господарювання

The purpose of the article is to define, form and substantiate the priority areas of the post-war development of the national system of sustainable management in resource constraints. The research used methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, tabular, graphic, linear correlation, provision of integration platforms for spatial management of natural resource assets, analysis of organizational capabilities of change management, regulation, subject-subject type of management of sustainable management processes, and others. According to the results, for the first time the priority directions of the post-war development of the national system of sustainable management were formed and substantiated, which provide for their implementation according to the concept of a new model of restructuring of the economic system, namely: reformatting of the national natural resource space, formation of a new format of the space of behavior of many business entities, development space for implementation of the action of the national system of sustainable management. A conceptual scheme of the post-war development of the national system of sustainable management in three priority directions is proposed. It was developed on the basis of the implementation of the economic system restructuring project, which provides for the introduction of new models of the system and structure of natural resource management and, in accordance with the reengineering model of the management of economic assets, is ensured by the action of four specific mechanisms: the formation of the financial basis of the national system of sustainable management, state regulation and waste management , state regulation and management of the development of natural resource assets, an organizational mechanism for managing the process of harmonization of a sustainable economy. The complex of local tasks for each of the three priority directions of post-war development in the conditions of an aggressive external and internal environment of the national system of sustainable management has been improved with the detailing and delineation of the specific toolkit of reformatting, and the most effective methods and means necessary for its implementation in practice. This determines the specification of the content of tasks according to priorities in the context of restructuring and revitalization of the national economic space.

Європейський зелений курс на шляху реалізації національних економічних інтересів

The article is concerned with substantiating the directions of implementation of the European Green Deal in the system of ensuring national economic interests. The authors characterize the European Green Deal and define the current directions of its implementation in the conditions of post-war development of Ukraine. Among the national economic interests in the reconstruction of Ukraine in the vector of the European Green Deal, the authors distinguish «green» recovery, ensuring raw materials and energy security, «green» transition, restoration of industry on the basis of a circular economy, overcoming the negative environmental consequences of hostilities, spreading the principles of conscious consumption and social responsibility, ensuring food stability in compliance with eco-standards, supporting green projects in all spheres of social activity, green education and environmental culture in educating youth, effective functioning and transparent use of target and donor funds for the development of a «green» economy, decentralization of management and involvement of the public and communities in decision-making. The article substantiates each of these directions, determines the current state and prospects of its implementation. The authors prove that for the success of recovery processes, it is necessary to change the paradigm of thinking from an egocentric attitude to nature to conscious consumption and social responsibility. And active participation of the public in discussing the concept of reconstruction of the country, involving communities in making important decisions on the restoration of territories, information transparency and inclusiveness of power represent the key to the adoption by society of all further administrative, economic, social changes on the way to implementing the European Green Deal. As promising directions for future research, the authors highlight the development of mechanisms for implementing the «green» course with a perspective on post-war recovery, the methodological content of these mechanisms, the development of their instruments.