Composite Positive Electrode Research Articles

Synthesis and characteristic of the ternary composite electrode material PTCDA/CNT@MPC and its electrochemical performance in sodium ion battery

A three-dimensional composite carbon material ([email protected]) showing coaxial cable-like structure was prepared by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and glucose through hydrothermal method. The ternary composite (PTCDA/[email protected]) was synthesized by coating a layer of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on the surface of [email protected] composite carbon material. The sodium ion battery was assembled using the ternary composite as the positive electrode material, and sodium metal as the negative electrode. The results show that the electrochemical performance of PTCDA/[email protected] composite is much better than that of pure PTCDA. The first discharge capacity is 131.2 mAh g−1 as the current density is 0.1 A g−1, which is close to its theoretical specific capacity of 135 mAh g−1. In particular, the battery shows better discharge properties at higher discharge current rate. When the current density reaches 10 A g−1, the PTCDA/[email protected] electrode material is still able to attain a superior capacity of 90.1 mAh g−1. This is due to the higher conductivity of [email protected] composite carbon material, which not only enhances the conductivity of PTCDA, but also increases the transport channel of ions, so as to increase the adsorption of sodium ions into the composite positive electrode. Therefore, the reversible capacity and cycle life of the composite electrode are significantly improved, which exhibit the excellent intercalation and de-intercalation performance for sodium ions and the charge-discharge rate performance.

Facile Synthesis of Carbon Nanospheres with High Capability to Inhale Selenium Powder for Electrochemical Energy Storage.

Carbon–selenium composite positive electrode (CSs@Se) is engineered in this project using a melt diffusion approach with glucose as a precursor, and it demonstrates good electrochemical performance for lithium–selenium batteries. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS analysis are used to characterize the newly designed CSs@Se electrode. To complete the evaluation, electrochemical characterization such as charge–discharge (rate performance and cycle stability), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests are done. The findings show that selenium particles are distributed uniformly in mono-sized carbon spheres with enormous surface areas. Furthermore, the charge–discharge test demonstrates that the CSs@Se cathode has a rate performance of 104 mA h g−1 even at current density of 2500 mA g−1 and can sustain stable cycling for 70 cycles with a specific capacity of 270 mA h g−1 at current density of 25 mA g−1. The homogeneous diffusion of selenium particles in the produced spheres is credited with an improved electrochemical performance.

Investigations on the discharge/charge process of a novel AgCl/Ag/carbon felt composite electrode used for seawater batteries

Low-cost technologies with high energy density for effective storage of energy are highly desirable. AgCl has emerged as the most promising positive electrode material for seawater batteries, but is suffering from poor intrinsic electric conductivity and the low recovery after use which severely limit the application. Herein, three-dimensional high conductive structure of Ag/Carbon felts (CF) is embedded into AgCl substrate and an excellent performing AgCl/Ag/GF composite positive electrode is obtained. The cathodic polarizing curve showes that the current density of AgCl/Ag/CF electrode at a potential of −0.3 V vs SCE is 232.6 mA cm−2. The AgCl/Ag/CF electrode delivers a very high initial discharge capacity about 179.0 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 (95.8% of the theoretical capacity of AgCl) and 89.9% capacity retention after 3 cycles. The discharge/charge process and related structure are investigated. Further investigation of the mechanism demonstrates that 3D carbon felt and Ag layer coated play an important role in enhancing reaction kinetics and promoting the diffusion of Cl− in the substrate.

Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a high-capacity material for next-generation sodium-ion capacitors

Abstract Energy storage is an integral part of the modern world. One of the newest and most interesting concepts is the internal hybridization achieved in metal-ion capacitors. In this study, for the first time we used sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a sacrificial material for the preparation of next-generation sodium-ion capacitors (NICs). NaBH4 is a material with large irreversible capacity of ca. 700 mA h g−1 at very low extraction potential close to 2.4 vs Na+/Na0. An assembled NIC cell with the composite-positive electrode (activated carbon/NaBH4) and hard carbon as the negative one operates in the voltage range from 2.2 to 3.8 V for 5,000 cycles and retains 92% of its initial capacitance. The presented NIC has good efficiency >98% and energy density of ca. 18 W h kg−1 at power 2 kW kg−1 which is more than the energy (7 W h kg−1 at 2 kW kg−1) of an electrical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) operating at voltage 2.7 V with the equivalent components as in NIC. Tin phosphide (Sn4P3) as a negative electrode allowed the reaching of higher values of the specific energy density 33 W h kg−1 (ca. four times higher than EDLC) at the power density of 2 kW kg−1, with only 1% of capacity loss upon 5,000 cycles and efficiency >99%.

Visualizing Local Electrical Properties of Composite Electrodes in Sulfide All-Solid-State Batteries by Scanning Probe Microscopy

Studies on local conduction paths in composite electrodes are essential to the realization of high-performance sulfide all-solid-state lithium batteries. Here, we directly evaluate the electrical properties of individual LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (NMC) electrode active material particles in composite positive electrodes by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM) are combined. The results indicate that all NMC particles exhibit a charged state with increasing potential, but low electronic conduction paths exist at point of contacts of some NMC particles. Furthermore, the I–V characteristics measured by conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) suggest that these specific NMC particles show low charge–discharge reactivity. The results of the SPM techniques indicate that poor conduction locally limits the charge–discharge reactivity of electrode active materials, leading to the degradation of battery performance. Such an SPM combination accelerates the morphological optimization of composite electrodes by facilitating the investigation of the intrinsic electrical properties of the electrodes.

Nanostructured CeO2/NiV–LDH composite for energy storage in asymmetric supercapacitor and as methanol oxidation electrocatalyst

• A high-performance, porous, faradaic CeO 2 /NiV–LDH nanocomposite is prepared. • Various components clearly reveal the strong synergistic effect for energy storage. • The CeO 2 /NiV-LDH (2:2) composite can act as electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation. • 3D flowerlike Bi 2 O 3 is synthesized and investigated as negative electrode material. • A quasi-solid-state ASC device is fabricated to examine its practicality. High-performance electrochemical supercapacitors should demonstrate notably high energy density along with ultralong cycling life for wide commercial applications. Hence, significant efforts are being made to improve the specific capacitance as well as expand the operating voltage of the fabricated supercapacitor device. Herein, a novel quasi-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device employing porous nanostructured CeO 2 /NiV–LDH (2:2) composite positive electrode and 3D flowerlike Bi 2 O 3 negative electrode is reported. The positive electrode material shows an efficiently improved electrochemical feature from synergistic integration between high surface area CeO 2 nanorods, and 2D NiV–LDH nanosheets with short diffusion distance for the charge carriers. In addition, the CeO 2 /NiV–LDH (2:2) composite acts as highly active and stable electrocatalyst when investigated for the methanol electrooxidation. The as-fabricated gel electrolyte based quasi-solid-state CeO 2 /NiV–LDH (2:2)//Bi 2 O 3 ASC device exhibits an excellent and stable electrochemical performance (highest energy density of 62.5 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 1595.2 W kg −1 ) with long cycle life displaying 86.4% capacitance retention still after 10,000 GCD cycles. This work confirms the high suitability of the rare earth metal oxide and LDH-based composite electrode materials, as well as Bi chalcogenides, for the quasi-solid-state ASCs as proficient portable energy systems.

Sulfate-Containing Composite Based on Ni-Rich Layered Oxide LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 as High-Performance Cathode Material for Li-ion Batteries.

Composite positive electrode materials (1−x) LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2∙xLi2SO4 (x = 0.002–0.005) for Li-ion batteries have been synthesized via conventional hydroxide or carbonate coprecipitation routes with subsequent high-temperature lithiation in either air or oxygen atmosphere. A comparative study of the materials prepared from transition metal sulfates (i.e., containing sulfur) and acetates (i.e., sulfur-free) with powder X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, high angle annular dark field transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed that the sulfur-containing species occur as amorphous Li2SO4 at the grain boundaries and intergranular contacts of the primary NMC811 crystallites. This results in a noticeable enhancement of rate capability and capacity retention over prolonged charge/discharge cycling compared to their sulfur-free analogs. The improvement is attributed to suppressing the high voltage phase transition and the associated accumulation of anti-site disorder upon cycling and improving the secondary agglomerates’ mechanical integrity by increasing interfacial fracture toughness through linking primary NMC811 particles with soft Li2SO4 binder, as demonstrated with nanoindentation experiments. As the synthesis of the (1−x) LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2∙xLi2SO4 composites do not require additional operational steps to introduce sulfur, these electrode materials might demonstrate high potential for commercialization.

Superior performance of cobalt oxide/carbon composite for solid-state supercapattery devices

Asymmetric devices are fabricated by cramming the active material Co3O4/C composite (positive electrode) with activated carbon (negative electrode). Devices are examined under aqueous and gelled electrolyte. The theoretical model is adopted to study the charge storage mechanism in two devices. It has been observed that the capacitive and diffusion-controlled contribution of electrode material is affected by the phase change of electrolyte. Diffusive contribution is prominent in case of 1 M KOH aqueous electrolyte while more capacitive contribution has been noticed in PVA-KOH-C gelled electrolyte. By changing the phase of electrolyte, the potential window is enhanced which upsurges the energy density of device. For commercial applications, solid state device exhibits more energy storage and have high safety standards than aqueous electrolyte-based devices.

Design of all-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor based on mesoporous CoSnO3@RGO nanorods and B-doped RGO nanosheets grown on Ni foam for energy storage devices of high energy density

Designing advanced hybrid supercapacitors (SCs) with high energy density and long-term cycling stability remains a vital hurdle. We introduce CoSnO3, a battery anode material, to the SCs as a positive electrode through a simple synthesis of unique mesoporous CoSnO3 nanorods@reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite, which delivers a specific capacity of 855.9 C g−1 (1902 F g−1). A porous boron-doped RGO nanosheets (B-RGO) electrode fabricated provides a remarkable specific capacity of 305.2 C g−1 (254.4 F g−1) in 2 M KOH. Hybrid supercapacitor constructed with CoSnO3@RGO composite (positive electrode) and B-RGO nanosheets (negative electrode) has a voltage window of 1.5 V with a specific capacity of 286.1 C g−1 (190.7 F g−1) at 2 A g−1. The assembled device provides a remarkable energy density of 76.1 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 1915.8 W kg−1. It is also endowed with suitable cycling stability, retaining more than 93% of its capacity after 10,000 cycles.

Cation-Substituted Na3SbS4 Electrolyte with High Sodium-Ion Conductivity

Solid electrolytes are key materials for developing all-solid-state rechargeable batteries. In particular, developing all-solid-state Na/S batteries is desired because of using abundant Na and S resources and their high energy density. To realize all-solid-state Na batteries, superior solid electrolytes with both high conductivity and good ductility are needed. Sulfide glass electrolytes are useful as a precursor for precipitating metastable crystalline phases which tend to have considerably high ionic conductivity [1]. We reported glass-ceramic electrolytes with cubic-Na3PS4 metastable phase having the conductivity of 10-4 S cm-1 [2]. Studies on increasing Na+ conductivity in sulfides have been widely done and Na3SbS4 [3] with higher Na+ conductivities of 10-3 S cm-1 have been developed. In particular, the Na3SbS4 electrolyte has an advantage of high safety in air atmosphere because of the formation of a hydrate with suppressing the generation of harmful H2S gas.In order to increase conductivity, cation-substituted Na3SbS4 electrolytes were focused on. The electrolytes were prepared via mechanochemistry, followed by heat-treatment to enhance their crystallinity. Two types of cation substitution were done; one is Na3-xSb1-xWxS4 in which a part of Sb was replaced by W (Na vacancy doping) and the other is Na3+ySb1-ySiyS4 in which a part of Sb was replaced by Si (additional Na doping). The structure and conductivity of the prepared electrolytes were evaluated. The prepared electrolytes were solid-solution based on Na3SbS4, and their conductivities were affected by the substituted elements and their contents. A partial substitution of Si for Sb decreased the conductivity, while W substitution increased the conductivity. The sulfide superionic conductor with the composition of Na2.88Sb0.88W0.12S4 exhibits a room temperature conductivity of 3.2 × 10−2 S cm−1 in a sintered body [4], which is higher than the best Li+ conductivity of 2.5 × 10−2 S cm−1 in LGPS-type Li9.54Si1.74P1.44S11.7Cl0.3 [5]. Partial substitution of Sb with W induced the generation of Na vacancies and tetragonal to cubic phase transition. The substitution of Mo instead of W also increased the conductivity of Na3SbS4, and thus Na vacancy doping is effective for increasing the conductivity of Na3SbS4.We applied the prepared sulfide electrolytes to all-solid-state Na/S batteries. For improving battery performance, the sulfur-carbon composites were prepared by melt-diffusion process of sulfur, and then the Na3SbS4 electrolyte was mixed to form sulfur composite positive electrodes. Na3Sb alloy was used as a negative electrode. Developed all-solid-state Na/S cells showed a full reversible capacity of 1560 mAh per gram of S and good cyclability at 25oC [6]. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Element Strategy Initiative of MEXT, Grant Number JPMXP0112101003 and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 18H01713 and 19H05816.

Exploration on sulfur/acid treatment of sepiolite composite positive electrode material for lithium-sulfur battery

High energy density battery system is endowed with more complex Lithium sulfur cathode whose electrochemical redox reaction and phase transition occurred due to multi electron participation. The different mole ratios of sepiolite mixed with sulfur were synthesized by acid cum thermal treatment method. The morphological analysis illustrates that the sepiolite powder is composed of micro fibrous bundles in the range of 1 μm to 10 μm. The sorption isotherms indicate that the sieved sepiolite (Sp) and different mole ratio (4, 6 and 8) of sepiolite/sulfur shows a type-IV isotherm of mesoporous material. The S/SvSp (sulfur/sieved sepiolite) composite cathode exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 1066 mAh g−1 and attains a stable capacity of 596 mAh g−1 during 40 cycles with 97% of efficiency. All the results correlated with the better electrochemical behaviour of electrode and it satisfies the needs of high energy density storage application.

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study of lithium–sulfur batteries: Useful technique to reveal the Li/S electrochemical mechanism

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study was done in order to go deeper into the electrochemical processes of Li/S battery in a common CR2032 coin-type cell. In order to separate the contributions of each electrode (i. e. lithium negative electrode and sulfur composite positive electrode), impedance measurements on symmetrical cells consisting of two previously cycled electrodes was used. This methodology enables to propose an overall interpretation of the different electrochemical phenomena present during cycling. Low temperature tests were also applied, which brought fruitful information concerning the kinetics of the reactions and allowed to confirm the chemical-physical interpretations performed on the cell cycled at 25°C.

Microband-Array Electrode Technique for the Detection of Reaction Distributions in the Depth Direction of Composite Electrodes for the All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries.

There are several problems left to be solved for the practical use of an all-solid-state lithium-ion battery (ASSLIB) such as the inhomogeneous reaction of active materials due to the intermittent ion/electron conduction pathway. In this study, a triple-microband electrode was embedded in the composite positive electrode of ASSLIB for the direct measurement of the reaction distribution of active materials. We found that the balance of the ionic/electronic conductivity of the composite electrode determines the reaction distribution in the depth direction of the composite electrode. Moreover, the active material was utilized equally even in the composite electrode, which has balanced ionic/electric conductivity and 300 μm thickness.

Sulfide Electrolyte Suppressing Side Reactions in Composite Positive Electrodes for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

Long-lasting all-solid-state batteries can be achieved by preventing side reactions in the composite electrodes comprising electrode active materials and solid electrolytes. Typically, the battery performance can be enhanced through the use of robust solid electrolytes that are resistant to oxidation and decomposition. In this study, the thermal stability of sulfide solid electrolytes Li3PS4 and Li4SnS4 toward oxide positive electrode active materials was estimated by investigating the occurrence of side reactions at the electrolyte-electrode interfaces when the composite electrodes are heated in an accelerated aging test: Li4SnS4 showed higher thermal stability because of the suppression of the substitution reaction between S and O. Moreover, thermally stable sulfide solid electrolytes are amenable to an improved cell construction process. The sintering (pelletizing and subsequent heating) of the composite electrodes with Li4SnS4 as the solid electrolyte allowed the manufacture of dense electrodes that exhibited increased ionic conductivity, thereby enhancing the battery performance.

Imaging the Solution Phase Concentration Gradient in Li-Ion Battery Positive Electrodes with X-Ray Fluorescence

With the current climate crisis having no end in sight, communities worldwide are depending on new battery technology to store energy from intermittent sources of energy such as wind and solar. Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have presented themselves as a worthy candidate for the task given their high capacity for charge as well as their durability in terms of cycle life. LIB models have been developed extensively for the purpose of understanding current behaviour and predicting future performance. A limiting factor in LIBs is the rate at which they can be (dis)charged which can be extensively hindered by the formation of a concentration gradient of Li+ within the positive and negative electrodes. Although the models that exist can predict what these gradients should be within the electrodes, there has, as of yet, been no experimental data representing the concentration gradient formation within the electrode pores. Using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in conjunction with a synchrotron light source allows the spatially resolved observation of the Li+ concentration profile. This work can validate the predictive power of established P2D models in order to improve their accuracy in addition to serving as a screening technique for new composite positive electrodes. Figure 1

Study of the Impact of Microstructure on the Effective Electrical Properties of Composite Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries; Acquisition Andsimulations on Real Microstructures

Better understanding of how the microstructure of composite electrodes affect their electrochemical performance is still required to achieve Lithium ion batteries of higher energy and power densities [1]. Novel opportunity for progressing in this direction and explore relationships between composite electrode microstructure and electrochemical performance is implementation of X-ray computed tomography (XRCT) and focused ion beam in combination with scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) techniques [2]. Sophisticated characterization techniques such as broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) [3] and/or Pulsed Field Gradient Spin - Echo NMR (PFG-SE NMR) [4] can also be used to measure transport properties and relate them to the composite electrode microstructure. Finally, numerical simulations performed on 3D volumes acquired by XRCT or FIB/SEM is a powerful tool to calculate effective transport properties and finely analyze the impact of the composite electrode microstructure [5].In this work, the microstructure of LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (hereafter called NMC532)-based positive composite electrodes designed for EV applications were deeply investigated in relationship with their electrical properties.The composite electrode microstructures were acquired numerically in 3D at different scales by X-ray tomography and FIB-SEM tomography. Image analysis tools were developed to extract specific textural parameters (e.g. distribution and percolation of the carbon/binder mixture, type and tortuosity of the porosity, contact area of the active material with these other phases) to assess the electronic and ionic conductivities at different locations and spatial scales. In complement, 3D-resolved simulations with the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method were carried out to calculate the effective electronic and ionic conductivities of the composite electrodes and characterize the local current density paths for both type of charges (electrons and ions).From our results, it becomes apparent that it is possible to find a good compromise between the electronic and ionic conductivities that results in improved electrochemical performance by optimizing the microstructure. Acknowledgments Financial funding from the ANR program no. ANR-15-CE05-0001-01 is acknowledged. We also acknowledge the CLYM (Consortium Lyon Saint-Etienne de Microscopie) for the access to the FIB/SEM device used in this study.

In Situ X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopic Studies of a Lithium-Rich Layered Positive Electrode Material: Comparison of Composite and Core-Shell Structures.

Lithium- and manganese-rich transition-metal oxide (LMR-NMC) electrodes have been designed either as heterostructures of the primary components ("composite") or as core-shell structures with improved electrochemistry reported for both configurations when compared with their primary components. A detailed electrochemical and structural investigation of the 0.5Li2MnO3-0.5LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 composite and core-shell structured positive electrode materials is reported. The core-shell material shows better overall electrochemical performance compared to its corresponding composite material. While both configurations gave the same initial charge capacity of ∼300 mAh/g when cycled at a rate of 10 mA/g at 25 °C, the core-shell sample gives a discharge capacity of 232 mAh/g compared to 208 mAh/g delivered by the composite sample. Also, the core-shell sample gave better rate capability and a smaller first-cycle irreversible capacity loss than the composite sample. The improved performance of the core-shell material is attributed to its lower surface reactivity and limited structural change since the more stable Li2MnO3 shell screens the more reactive Ni-rich core material from interacting with either air or electrolyte at high potentials, thereby preventing electrode surface modification. In situ X-ray diffraction correlated with electrochemical data revealed that the composite sample shows stronger volumetric changes in the lattice parameters during charging to 4.8 V. In addition, X-ray absorption spectroscopy showed an incomplete Ni reduction process after the first discharge for the composite sample. From these results, it was shown that this leads to a more severe degradation in the composite material that affects Li+ intercalation in the subsequent discharge, thereby resulting in its poorer performance. Furthermore, to confirm these results, another LMR-NMC material with a different composition (having a Ni-poor core)-0.5Li2MnO3-0.5LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2-was investigated. The core-shell structured positive electrode material also gave an improved electrochemical performance compared to the corresponding composite positive electrode material. These results show that the core-shell configuration could effectively be used to improve the performance of the LMR-NMC materials to enable future high-energy applications.

A high rate performance positive composite electrode using a high P/S ratio and LiI composite solid electrolyte for an all-solid-state Li–S battery

All-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries are believed to have sufficient energy density to be next-generation batteries. In manufacturing the batteries, it is necessary to improve the sulfur reactivity and ion conductivity in the positive electrode. In this study, we investigated (100− x) (Li1.6PS2)·x (LiI) as a composite solid electrolyte with a high P/S ratio solid electrolyte and LiI to provide the dual functions of high sulfur activated property and high ionic conductivity. This solid electrolyte showed high ionic conductivity of over 0.5 mS cm−1 at over x = 35. The positive composite electrode using 65Li1.6PS2·35LiI exhibited a good high rate capacity of over 1260 mA h g−1 (sulfur) at 6.4 mA cm−2 (0.8 C) and 25 °C. Furthermore, it showed excellent battery performance at 45 °C. The high rate capacity was 25.5 mA cm−2 (3.2 C) over 1000 mA h g−1, and the 1 C cycle capacity was over 1230 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles.

Stable wide-temperature and low volume expansion Al batteries: Integrating few-layer graphene with multifunctional cobalt boride nanocluster as positive electrode

To achieve stable positive electrode for promoting the overall electrochemical performance of Al batteries (ABs), here novel cobalt boride (CoB) nanoclusters are synthesized to construct composite electrodes with few-layer graphene (FLG). Due to the presence of amorphous channels in the employed CoB nanoclusters, the ABs with FLG/CoB composite positive electrodes exhibit high rate capability and both mechanical and electrochemical stability in the ABs. With assistance of in situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the observation results suggest that the positive electrode of CoB nanoclusters holds almost ignorable volume variation upon electrochemical processes, which substantially alleviates the massive electrode expansion induced by the anion intercalation in the composite positive electrode. Interestingly, the composite positive electrodes provide stable reversible energy storage capability within a broadened temperature range (−30–60 °C), promising a novel strategy to design advanced ABs positive electrodes with enhanced overall energy storage performance.

Multiscale Characterization of Composite Electrode Microstructures for High Density Lithium-ion Batteries Guided by the Specificities of Their Electronic and Ionic Transport Mechanisms

The microstructures of Li-ion positive composite electrodes designed for EVs have been characterised at different scales and in particular by FIB/SEM nanotomography. These electrodes are composed of Li(Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2)O2, carbon black (CB), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF). The component proportions in the electrodes and the electrode densities were varied. Specific image analysis tools have been developed to quantify the microstructure parameters that will influence the transport and exchange properties of ionic and electronic charges during battery operation. Different porosities have been highlighted, in particular the micrometric porosity which appears to be the most effective for the ion diffusion in the liquid electrolyte due to its low tortuosity and large intra-connectiviy. Different parallel paths for the transport of electrons in solid phases such as the CB/PVdF percolating network and a hybrid one consisting of CB/PVdF islands distributed on the NMC cluster surface and the NMC grains pertaining to these clusters. This last network can be effective when the CB/PVdF islands allow the electrons to short-circuit the resistive NMC grain boundaries.