Phenomenon Of Population Aging Research Articles

Aging Population Spatial Distribution Discrepancy and Impacting Factor

The phenomenon of population aging is gradually spreading around the world. Consequently, it is leading to unsustainable economic development due to the decline of the labor force. Therefore, many people identify the aging population from national and intercontinental levels, as it would not be possible to recognize specific population spatial distribution characteristics and impacting factors in a province or state because of the spatial and temporal differences. In this paper, Jiangsu Province was selected as the study area to represent its aging population’s spatial characteristics and to identify the spatial heterogeneity with impacting factor by Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), as well as to determine the impacting situation by marginal effect. The results show the following: (1) The impact factor’s spatial heterogeneity from the cities in Jiangsu Province is small but occurs in the city groups, while the impacting situation is the same in the north, central and south city groups, showing a disparity among them. (2) There is a significant change in the impact factor’s influence from 2010 to 2020. (3) The social–economic factor negatively relates to the aging population in 2020, with an interval value of [−1.0585, −1.0632]. This finding indicates that the spatial heterogeneity of the aging population at the province level is not the same as that at the national level. Therefore, we need to consider the local situation more. These findings further provide an empirical basis for the province-level study of the aging population, which differs from the national level.

Research on the influence of short video use of urban “old drifters” on their social integration in the post-epidemic era

With the continuous improvement of urbanization rate, the phenomenon of population aging is becoming more and more serious, and the number of "old drifters" continues to rise. Through the research methods of questionnaire survey and in-depth interview, this study analyzes the use of short videos of "old drifters", and from the perspective of "use and satisfaction", preliminarily discusses the influence of short videos of "old drifters" on their social integration and identity in the post-epidemic era. It is found that the self-presentation behavior and identity of the old drifters are in direct proportion to the number of new friends.

Injuries and risk factors associated with bicycle and electric bike use in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Bicycles and electric bike riding have reshaped the transportation system worldwide and have significantly contributed to road traffic injuries. However, the risk factors associated with such injuries remain unclear. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to update and summarize the available evidence regarding risk factors that have been associated with bicycle and electric bike-related injuries in China. We searched for studies related to bicycles and electric bike-related injuries and deaths in China that were published in English from January 2000 to December 2020. In total, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four domains of risk factors associated with such injuries were identified, including sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, sex, education level), riding behaviour (e.g., traffic rule violations, not wearing a helmet), vehicle and road factors (e.g., type of nonmotor vehicle and type of road), and temporal factors (such as commuting-hour riding or rush-hour riding). The pooled analysis showed that the mortality rate of e-bike injuries in China was 9.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.0%–13.0%). Understanding and identifying injury-related risk factors associated with bicycles and electric bike riding could provide important evidence to guide traffic safety management. More efforts are needed to reduce bicycle- and electric bike-related injuries in China. Targeted interventions, including enforcing helmet usage, requiring a driver’s licence to operate scooter-style electric bikes, and establishing a data collection and safe-riding credit system, may need to be developed. Moreover, given the global phenomenon of population ageing, targeted injury prevention interventions should be developed for senior riders, who are more likely to sustain severe bicycles and electric bike-related injuries and die due to injury.

Research Advances on Passive Knee Joints Rehabilitation Device

Background: After a smooth development of life expectancy per capita and fertility in the nineteenth century, the global population increased in size. Along with the demographic shift in the late nineteenth century, the phenomenon of population aging began to appear in developed countries. A survey from UN reports that by 2050, one in six people worldwide will be over 65 years old (16%), compared to 11 (9%) in 2019. According to another survey, 55% of people over the age of 60 suffer from joint diseases, and the number of people suffering from stroke, arthritis and other knee diseases will also increase accordingly. Objective: An overview of the classification and characteristics of today's knee rehabilitation devices and future developments. Methods: This review discusses the existing knee rehabilitation devices, including various products on the market, patents and some conceptual devices, in the context of the structural characteristics of the knee joint and the rehabilitation requirements of different knee conditions or after knee arthroplasty, and systematically introduces their structural features, differences and the rehabilitation effects achieved. Results: A comparative analysis of three types of passive knee rehabilitation devices according to their use was conducted to summarize the typical characteristics. The problems that exist in today's rehabilitation devices are also analyzed, and their development trends are looked forward to. Conclusion: Knee rehabilitation equipment has a high degree of structural richness, but it does not achieve a good balance of convenience, comfort and functionality, and there should be some room for improvement in the materials, volume of the power source and transmission form of the power system. There will be a good development in the future of knee joint recovery.

Executive Women and their Bodies: Marks of Aging

Abstract The present article regards executive women and their aged bodies. The population aging phenomenon and old age feminization are global factors. Based on the literature about the socio-hierarchized body, white, thin, male bodies are privileged in organizations. The aim of the present study is to investigate how executive women experience their aged bodies within the organizational context. The discussion emerges as relevant, since there are few studies related to aging women; studies on body-related factors are even scarcer, a fact that shines light on a theoretical gap. In total, twenty semi-structured interviews were carried out with women in the age group 40 years, or older, who act or had acted in several market segments in the country. The research allowed concluding that, in addition to challenges, choices and doubts faced on a daily basis throughout their professional journey, women have to live with a body-under-decay process, a heavy, tired, slow, stiff, limiting and less-attractive-to-the-eye body. The present study has revealed that besides gender, age also matters in organizations, nowadays. The bodies of older women are less valued and seem to have to occupy underprivileged positions in social hierarchy. In order to mitigate losses, women seek aesthetic procedures, change their eating habits and exercise to disguise the aging process.

Executive Women and their Bodies: Marks of Aging

Abstract The present article regards executive women and their aged bodies. The population aging phenomenon and old age feminization are global factors. Based on the literature about the socio-hierarchized body, white, thin, male bodies are privileged in organizations. The aim of the present study is to investigate how executive women experience their aged bodies within the organizational context. The discussion emerges as relevant, since there are few studies related to aging women; studies on body-related factors are even scarcer, a fact that shines light on a theoretical gap. In total, twenty semi-structured interviews were carried out with women in the age group 40 years, or older, who act or had acted in several market segments in the country. The research allowed concluding that, in addition to challenges, choices and doubts faced on a daily basis throughout their professional journey, women have to live with a body-under-decay process, a heavy, tired, slow, stiff, limiting and less-attractive-to-the-eye body. The present study has revealed that besides gender, age also matters in organizations, nowadays. The bodies of older women are less valued and seem to have to occupy underprivileged positions in social hierarchy. In order to mitigate losses, women seek aesthetic procedures, change their eating habits and exercise to disguise the aging process.

Community Based Appraisal of Healthcare Service Utilisation and Determinants of Health Seeking Behaviour among the Elderly Population of Rural Western Maharashtra

Introduction: To mitigate an inevitable phenomenon of population ageing, which has impact on nation’s development as well as on quality of life of population, health seeking behaviour and health service utilisation need to be increased, especially in rural areas. Aim: To assess health seeking behaviour, identify hurdles and measure health services utilisation. Materials and Methods: A community based observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 210 elderly population (60 years of age and above) to assess health seeking behaviour and to measure health service utilisation for the period from October 2020 to October 2021, in rural area of Tasgaon block of Sangli district of Maharashtra by Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Miraj, Maharashtra, India. A pretested, prevalidated, semi-structured proforma and interview schedule were used to collect information. Descriptive statistics along with chi-square test and Binary logistic regression were used as inferential statistical analysis. The p-value to be significant at p<0.05. Results: Out of total 210 participants, 48.09% and 51.91% were males and females respectively with male to female ratio of 0.93:1. Mean ages of males and females were 63.85 and 65.23 respectively.Out of total 210 participants, 82% of participants had at least one chronic morbidity at the time of study. Musculoskeletal morbidities were most common (46.67%). Among morbid participants, 56% utilised government health facility. Health service utilisation rate was 75.86%. Lack of enough money was most common reason (76.19%) for non utilisation of health services. Gender, educational level, residential arrangements and socio-economic class showed statistically significant association with appropriate or inappropriate health seeking behaviour. About 61% participants showed appropriate health seeking behaviour. The odds of having inappropriate health seeking behaviour were 7.76 and 10.19 times greater for middle class and lower class as opposed to upper class, respectively. Illiterates had 17.53 times higher odds to seek health inappropriately. Conclusion: Quality of health seeking behaviour can be improved by narrowing gender gap, increasing literacy rate and giving social assistance to elderly persons. It is an important need of hour to pay more attention to age related issues and promote holistic approach to deal with ageing society.

The Elderly Dependency Rate in Urban Areas of Transylvania Region Between 1992 and 2021

"The Elderly Dependency Rate in Urban Areas of Transylvania Region between 1992 and 2021. Population ageing becomes a serious issue not only in developed countries, but also in a post-socialist country such as Romania. Nowadays, the demographic tendencies of ageing trends are visible in the demographic dynamics of developed countries, especially in Central and Eastern European Countries in the context of economic growth and population loss. For example, in Romania, it is noticeable in urban areas and rural areas where the demographic trajectories show the presence of a certain demographic phenomenon in age structure of population such as “population ageing”. In the last decades, Romania has entered a period of rapid and dramatic ageing demographic phase. In this respect, first we investigate the phenomenon of population ageing in Transylvania region. Secondly, the paper presents the calculation of elderly dependency rate based on demographic statistical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics. Thirdly, it drives some possible social-economic effects of the progressive process of ageing tendency. Keywords: Ageing population, elderly people, population decline, Romania, Transylvania region "

Validation of the Kazakh-language version of the World Health Organization's WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire on the quality of life among the elderly population of Aktobe city

Introduction. In Kazakhstan, as the phenomenon of population aging becomes more and more relevant, an increasing number of researchers in the field of medicine are studying health-related problems that arise at this age. During these studies, many scientists are wondering: how to accurately measure the quality of life of older people? In our country, the most used tools for conducting this assessment are the SF-36 questionnaire, while the widely used worldwide tools WHOQOL-100 and its short version WHOQOL-BREF are rarely evaluated and used in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Kazakh-language version of the World Health Organization's Short Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) in a pilot study. Material and methods. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was subjected to translation procedures according to the instructions of WHOQOL (WHO) and a pilot study was conducted in a group of elderly respondents (>60 years old) living in the city of Aktobe. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire consists of 26 questions, which are divided into 4 areas (physical health, emotional health, social factors, environment). The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was evaluated with the determination of the Alpha-Cronbach's index, as well as the assessment of the intra-class correlation (ICC). The statistical significance was set at 0.05. The software package SPSS v. 10.0 was used for the analysis. Results. The average age of the participants was 67.3±5.03 years, and the overall WHOQOL-BREF score was 76.02 ±11.86. Overall, 60% of the participants were women. The alpha values for each of the spheres and the overall index (> 0.70) and the overall correlation of the elements were satisfactory. The confirmatory analysis of the intra-class correlation showed high ICC values (more than 0.74) for each of the spheres. Conclusion. The psychometric properties of the Kazakh version of WHOQOL-BREF were acceptable.

PENUAAN POPULASI DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI MAKRO JANGKA PANJANG DI ASIA TIMUR

This study will examine the impact of the population aging phenomenon on innovation and long-term macroeconomic balance in several East Asian countries. The variables used in this study include the number of elderly population, population growth, income per capita, birth rate, death rate, institutional quality, education level, unemployment rate and gross national expenditure. The data analysis method that will be used is the Monash-China Hunan-University General Equilibrium (MC-HUGE) model which is the development of the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. The MC-HUGE model is built on the Walrasian general equilibrium theory and input-output theory, including the three main elements in production activities, namely land, capital and labor.

Educational activity of seniors in Polish literature in recent years and the students' opinion

The phenomenon of population ageing is important for the state not only for business, economic or demographic reasons, but also for social aspects. A broadly defined pedagogy of ageing is important for the development of seniors, but also for changes in the awareness of society which starts to recognise the significant influence that elderly people have for the functioning of the state. The article refers to the issue of educational activity of elderly people and its role in improving their quality of life. The education of senior citizens is one of the opportunities for developing cooperation between younger population groups and the elderly. Therefore, in addition to the Polish literature on active ageing, the article will also include the collected opinions of students, which reflect the considerations of the contemporary generation regarding the discussed issue.

Low or Declining Gait Speed is Associated With Risk of Developing Dementia Over 5 Years Among People Aged 85 Years and Over.

Improving dementia screening procedures beyond simple assessment of current cognitive performance is timely given the ongoing phenomenon of population aging. A slow or declining gait speed (GS) is a potential early indicator of cognitive decline scarcely investigated in very old people. Here, we investigated the 5-year associations of baseline GS, change in GS, and cognitive function with subsequent dementia development in people aged 85 years and older (n = 296) without dementia at baseline. Declining and a slow baseline GS were associated with higher odds of dementia development after adjusting for confounders (e.g.,age, sex, and dependency in activities of daily living) and missing GS values at follow-up. The GS decline was associated with cognitive decline in participants who developed dementia. The results support the potential of GS tests to predict future cognitive decline among community- and nursing home-dwelling very old people.

Condições de higiene bucal de idosos residentes em instituições geriátricas de pequeno porte em Porto Alegre

Following the population-aging phenomenon, the number and the demands for nursing homes is increasing. Generally, oral health condition of institutionalized elderly people is poor and the maintenance of good patterns of oral hygiene is a problem. The aim of this study is to describe the oral hygiene conditions of elderly people who live in small (< 20) nursing homes of Porto Alegre-RS and to establish the relationship with independents variables: sex, age, time of institutionalization and level of dependence of the residents and number of care givers and price charged by the institutions. Oral hygiene conditions were verified through dental and denture plaque index. The mean obtained to teeth plaque scores was 2.24 (Sillnes and Löe index) and on dentures was 7.14 (Ambjornsen index). The poor oral hygiene condition is prevalent on the examined population when analyzed the independent variables sex, age, time of institutionalization, price, and number of caregivers because it was not demonstrated statistical significance related to the presence or the quantity of plaque on teeth and dentures (p>0,05). The level of dependence was the variable that presented statistical signficant (p=0,024). Independent elders showed lower means of dental plaque when compared to the moderate dependent or dependent elders. It is concluded that oral hygiene condition of this institutionalized elderly people is poor and need multidisciplinary and interinstitutional actions to revert this frame of continued neglect.

SOCIAL AND HEALTH STATUS OF AGED PEOPLE OF AHMEDABAD

The phenomenon of population aging is becoming a major concern of the world. India's older populations will increase dramatically over the next four decades. The policy of India defines senior citizens or elderly as a person who is aged 60 years or above. Older people have main two problems i.e. Social status and Health. As a social scientist, it is interesting to know about the social status and health of old people. This paper is an empirical survey of 60-70 years old people of Ahmedabad. The main objectives of this paper are to know the primary information of aged people, their social and health status, and problems related to social status and health. The purposive sample of 250 old people was selected from different parts of Ahmedabad. The interview schedule was designed as a tool for data collection. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the situational analysis of the old population of India and the sociological concept of Ageing. The second part is on methodology. The third part consists of data analysis and discussion of the survey and the final part is on findings and suggestions. The study reveals that till today most of the old people have lived in a joint family. Some have lost their partners. They depend on their children for a living. They spend their leisure time in various activities. Most of the respondents' health is good; their health problems are related with age. They feel the loss of status in a social group. The study makes some recommendations for corrective action

The Role of Working Memory and Attention in Older Workers’ Learning

<p class="0abstract">Nowadays, the aging workforce constitutes a worldwide reality in developed countries due to the population aging phenomenon. Consequently, it becomes urgent for the older workers’ learning to be enhanced for their personal development first, and then for the general progress of the organization. Working memory and attention play a crucial supporting role in older workers’ learning and contribute significantly to their active work life. This article presents the concepts of working memory and attention and their intertwined relationship highlighting their important role in the aging workforce learning. Alongside, the presented theoretical aspects may give the trigger for the greater interest for further research and study of key factors in working environments, which may affect the working memory and attention functioning in older workers, so that to be integrated into the future planning of corporate learning programs. </p>

Socio-demographic analysis of the phenomenon of population aging with implications on the Romanian pension system

The first part of the study has as it’s main objective to expose a brief socio-demographic analysis on the problem of aging population, both in Romania and in other European Union countries. The second part of the study follows the implications that the aging population phenomenon has on the Romanian state pension system. Also, the paper proposes an investigation of the risks to which the population aged 65 years and over is exposed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on specific comorbidities. To form an overview of these aspects, it will be used secondary data research, with information from public institutions such as: the National Institute of Statistics; Ministry of Internal Affairs; National House of Public Pensions; The Government of Romania; Financial Supervisory Authority; Eurostat; World Health Organization; United Nations Organization; Organization for Economic Co-operationand Development; as well as specific legislation and updated specialized literature. The last part of the study offers a series of conclusions which will result in several general solutions to the aging population problem.

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of urban-rural inversion of population aging in China

The phenomenon of urban-rural inversion population aging is a severe issue faced by China in building a well-off society in an all-round way. Using GIS spatial clustering and multiple stepwise regression models, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of urban-rural inversion of population aging in China on a provincial scale. The results show that: 1) In terms of time series evolution, with the continuous higher level of China’s population aging, the phenomenon of urban-rural inversion is becoming more and more obvious. 2) In terms of spatial pattern evolution, from 1995 to 2018, the spatial agglomeration intensity of urban-rural inversion showed an inverted U-shaped change trend of “low—high—low”. It first appeared in the Eastern coastal areas, then gradually expanded to the Central and Western regions, and finally evolved into a national common phenomenon. 3) In terms of driving mechanism, there is a complex multi-dimensional and nonlinear interaction mechanism behind the phenomenon of population aging and urban-rural inversion. Among them, population and economic factors are the main driving factors of this phenomenon. For the western provinces with underdeveloped economy, serious population outflow and high level of rural aging, the phenomenon of “old and poor” in rural areas has become a key challenge in the implementation of strategies such as rural revitalization and targeted poverty alleviation.

Osteoporosis in older adults.

The incidence of fragility fractures increases progressively with advance in age after 50 years, and the phenomenon of population ageing will lead to an increased proportion of the world population having osteoporosis and fractures. The consequences of fractures are more serious in older adults: all low-trauma fractures were associated with increased mortality risk and the risk of a second major osteoporotic fracture after a first one also increased with advance in age. Along with the decrease in bone mineral density, falls play an essential role in the occurrence of fragility fractures in older adults, and the assessment of the risk of falling is part of the fracture risk assessment. Despite advances in the diagnosis of osteoporosis, the assessment of fracture risk, and a wide range of effective anti-osteoporosis medications, with parenteral route which can improve observance, many data indicate that the therapeutic care gap is particularly wide in the elderly in whom the importance and impact of a treatment are high and even more in those living in institutions.

Profile of facial trauma in older adults cared for at a tertiary hospital of the Brazilian Federal District

OBJECTIVES: The phenomenon of population aging and the remarkable inclusion of older adults in the economically active population has increased their participation in injuries and accidents, including facial trauma. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence, etiology, and treatment of facial trauma in the older population of the Brazilian Federal District, as well as the gender, etiology, type of trauma, and treatment strategy regarding different age groups (60–69 years, 70–79 years, and 80 years or older). METHODS: This is a retrospective quantitative descriptive study using electronic medical records (Trackcare system) of older patients (aged ≥ 60 years) assisted at the Emergency Department of a tertiary hospital of the Federal District between 2016 and 2017 due to facial trauma. RESULTS: Out of 2382 records of patients with facial trauma, 139 (5.8%) were aged over 60 years. The main causes of facial trauma were falls, both in male and female patients. Facial contusion was the main diagnosis of facial trauma (25.2%), followed by fractures of the jaw (16.5%) and zygomatic complex (15.8%). Conservative treatment was the most common strategy adopted in the Emergency Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a high prevalence of facial trauma in the geriatric population. Etiological factors such as falls and car accidents were highlighted in the studied groups. Conservative treatment and local guidelines were the preferred therapeutic approaches. Owing to the growth trend of the older population in the upcoming decades, exposure to risk factors for facial trauma tends to grow, thus requiring greater attention and specific knowledge from health professionals.

Investigating the business performance on the financial well-being of the Government retirees

Population ageing; where there is growth in the percentage of older persons in the population; is becoming a worldwide phenomenon due to better healthcare and lower birth rates. The phenomenon of population ageing brings with it both challenges and opportunities. The challenges of an ageing population include social, health and economic support of the elderly. Malaysia is recognizing the need to address this issue of financially supporting an ageing population. The purpose of the paper was to investigate the impact of business on the financial well-being (FWB) of the ageing, specifically the government retirees. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among retirees who were in business throughout Malaysia that employed a cross sectional design. Forty-one respondents were successfully interviewed. Statistical procedures for the analyses included descriptive analysis and a profile analysis using scatterplot on the perceived business performance vs financial well-being. The survey revealed that the majority of the respondents operated business in the services, trade or retail industries which were set up and fully owned by themselves. Resource wise, the majority had very low financial capital, human capital and social capital. The study provides some empirical evidence that the retirees in business may be categorized into opportunity driven and necessity driven groups. The paper concludes that there is a need to find alternative income generation methods for the necessity driven group. Making paid work accessible to the elderly must be urgently put on the national agenda.