Abstract
Following the population-aging phenomenon, the number and the demands for nursing homes is increasing. Generally, oral health condition of institutionalized elderly people is poor and the maintenance of good patterns of oral hygiene is a problem. The aim of this study is to describe the oral hygiene conditions of elderly people who live in small (< 20) nursing homes of Porto Alegre-RS and to establish the relationship with independents variables: sex, age, time of institutionalization and level of dependence of the residents and number of care givers and price charged by the institutions. Oral hygiene conditions were verified through dental and denture plaque index. The mean obtained to teeth plaque scores was 2.24 (Sillnes and Löe index) and on dentures was 7.14 (Ambjornsen index). The poor oral hygiene condition is prevalent on the examined population when analyzed the independent variables sex, age, time of institutionalization, price, and number of caregivers because it was not demonstrated statistical significance related to the presence or the quantity of plaque on teeth and dentures (p>0,05). The level of dependence was the variable that presented statistical signficant (p=0,024). Independent elders showed lower means of dental plaque when compared to the moderate dependent or dependent elders. It is concluded that oral hygiene condition of this institutionalized elderly people is poor and need multidisciplinary and interinstitutional actions to revert this frame of continued neglect.
Highlights
The aim of this study is to describe .the oral hygiene conditions of eÌderly people who live in small (< 20) nursing homes of Porto Alegre-RS and to establish the relationship with independentsvariables: sex, age, time of institutionaìization and level of dependence of the residents and number of caregivers and price charged by the institutions
OraÌ hygiene conditions were verified through dentaÌ and denture plaque index
The poor oral hygiene condition is prevalent on the examined population when analyzed the independent variables sex, age, time of institutionalization, price, and number of caregivers because it was not demonsúated statistical significance related to the presence or the quantity ofplaque on teeth and dentures (p>0,05)
Summary
RESUMO Acompanhando o processo de envelhecimento do conjunto da população, o número e a demanda por instituições geriátricas têm aumentado. .O objetivo deste estudo é descrever a condição de higiene bucal de idosos residentes em instituições geriátricas de pequeno porte na cidade de Porto Alegre e relacioná-la com variáveis independentes: sexo, idade, tempo de institucionalização e nível de dependência dos residentes, número de cuidadores e preço mensal cobrado pela instituição. A má condição de higiene bucal dos idosos prevalece indiscriminadamente na população pesquisada, quando avaliada segundo as variáveis independentes sexo, idade, tempo de institucionalização, preço mensal cobrado pela da casa geriátrica e número de cuidadores na instituição, pois não apresentaram diferença estatística significante em relação à presença ou à quantidade de placa em dentes e em próteses. Foi confirmada a suposição de que instituições com grande número de leitos contavam com mais comI)onentes de assistência à saúde (médico, dentista, enfermeiro, nutricionistâ, assistente sociaÌ, terapia ocupacional, entre outros.). Porém há um claro fenômeno: quando estudadas por segmentos de faixa etária, em 1997 , a taxa de institucionalização nos EUA entre idosos de 65 a anos era de 1,080/0, entre e anos era de 4,55o/o e entre os idosos acima de anos alcançava a expressiva proporção de 19,20lo (CENTER FOR DISEASES CONTROL, 2oo1)
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