Polyherbal Formulation Research Articles

In Vitro and in Silico Analysis of Phytochemicals from Asteraceae Plant Species Against Wound-Infecting Pathogens

The idea of polyherbal combinations has a strong foundation in modern medicine and has had amazing success, givingpatients new hope. Polyherbal mixtures have managed various conditions, from cancer to autoimmune disorders. Given that it hasalready been shown to be secure and efficient, this therapeutic approach is gaining popularity. In alternative, complementarytherapies, polyherbal formulations blend many herbs to provide an additive effect. Physicians are accepting this strategy, which hasbeen used for generations. Numerous research papers in the pharmaceutical field demonstrate the efficacy of combining plants andthe present study aimed to evaluate antibacterial phytochemicals from a polyherbal extract. Phytoconstituents extracted with ethanoland ethyl acetate by conventional soxhlet method and chemical constituents were analyzed by qualitative and GC-MS. Antibacterialactivity of extracts tested by disc diffusion method against wound infecting pathogens. MIC was done by Alamar blue assay. Inhibitionof ESBL enzyme predicted by in silico docking using Autodock. Extraction with ethanol shows less significant positive results thanethylacetate in qualitative and antibacterial studies. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 35 bioactive compounds from ethylacetate and 45 compounds from ethanol. Cyclononasiloxane, Octodecane, hexadecanoic acid, and Benzenedicarboxylic werecommonly found in both extracts. The ethylacetate PHE exhibited strong antibacterial activity and was more effective than thestandard. From GCMS, three compounds were predicted to have good ADME characteristics with high gastrointestinal absorptionand metabolic activity. Compound 6-(3-fluorobenzylamino) purine has been selected and investigated by in silico method, showingthat it has a greater binding affinity with ESBL, ompC, and murA after being docked. The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated goodaction against certain pathogenic bacteria in the current experiment, while the ethanol extract exhibited no activity. Our findingsconclude that the polyherbal extracts have broad-spectrum activity against bacteria and depend on the solvent used.

Investigation Of Pro-fertility Actions Of “Female Corrective” Poly-herbal Medicine Formulation Using Female Wister Rat Model

Plants contain numerous phytochemical compounds that may be used to cure or prevent diseases. In this study, the pro-fertility actions of “Female corrective” poly-herbal formulation were investigated using female Wister rat model. Phytochemicals, acute toxicities, body weight changes, and antioxidant and female reproductive hormonal studies were carried out. Serum levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase were also evaluated. Micro well experiment was used to study the impact of the poly-herbal formulation on reproductive hormones. The phytochemical compounds present in the “Female corrective” were glycosides, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids. In the median lethal dose estimation, no mortality nor obvious signs of toxicity were recorded at the dose of 88 mg/kg body weight. At a concentration of 4.4 mg/mL the body weights of the rats were increased in a dose dependent manner; 2.06, 4.11 and 8.22 mL/kg body weight gave changes in body weights of 17.13, 20.00 and 22.44% respectively after 14 days. Antioxidant effects were recorded as increase in serum concentration of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Also, the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were increased significantly (p ˂ 0.05) and dose dependently; at the same administered doses, serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone were 3.06 ± 0.06, 4.61 ± 0.05 and 5.25 ± 0.09 mIU/mL respectively and that of luteinizing hormone were 1.02 ± 0.10, 1.71 ± 0.23 and 2.08 ± 0.20 mIU/mL respectively. The possible mechanisms of the herbal drug formulation might include antioxidant as well as pro-gonadotropin activities

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON SIDDHA POLYHERBAL FORMULATION KEEDARI THAILAM

Keedari thailam is the polyherbal Siddha formulation extensively used for puzhuvettu as external medicine mentioned in the Siddha literature “Theraiyar thaila varka surukkam”. The ingredients of keedari thailam are Poduthalai (Phyla nodiflora Linn), elumichai (Citrus limon Linn), nallennai (sesame oil) and milagu (Piper nigrum Linn). Puzhuvettu can be considered as alopecia areata according to conventional medicine. Due to adverse effects in the treatment of conventional medicine, world is looking for the management of alopecia in traditional medicines for safe drug use. In clinical practice, the ingredients present in the keedari thailam have effective in the treatment of alopecia areata. Hence, this study endeavors to review the essential data focusing on the actions, phytochemistry and pharmacological studies of ingredients of the keedari thailam. Through this extensive review on Siddha literatures and recent research reports, scientific validation has been carried out on various pharmacological actions and therapeutic benefits of each ingredient of keedari thailam. This review revealed the presence of antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial, anti inflammatory, analgesic, anti cancer and anti diabetic activities in the ingredients of keedari thailam.

A Phytochemical study of Bodhivriksha Twaka

Abstract: Bodhivriksha is an important drug described in detail in Ayurvedic classical texts. Ashwatha, a classical Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation is used for the treatment of Rakatpitta Vikaras, Neelameha, Kaphavikaras, Vatrakta and Yoni Doshas. Ashwatha is used in the form of both single drug and compound formulations. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, steroid, flavonoids and carbohydrates. The present study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening of extracts of Twaka of Bodhivriksha. Study has been shown that this medicinal plant can be used as pharmaceutical adjuvants in the formulation of various dosage forms.

ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS IN SEVVIYADHI CHOORANAM

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, aflatoxins and pesticide residues in Siddha polyherbal formulation Sevviyadhi Chooranam, in powder form is indicated for the treatment and management of Sinusitis. Materials and Methods: Sevviyadhi Chooranam, the Siddha polyherbal formulation was prepared as per GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) guidelines. The formulation was analyzed for heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium, aflatoxins such as aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and pesticide residues such as organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, organo carbamates and pyrethroids at Noble Research Solutions, Kolathur, Chennai. Results: Heavy Metal analysis of SC showed that the presence of Lead about 0.26PPM, Arsenic about 0.61 PPM, Mercury and Cadmium in below detection level. Aflatoxin assay of SC resulted absence of Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2. Pesticide residue analysis revealed the absence of organochloride pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, organo carbamates and pyrethroids. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed the presence of heavy metals such as lead and arsenic in limited amount and absence of mercury and cadmium, and absence of aflatoxins and pesticide residue in the Siddha polyherbal formulation Sevviyadhi chooranam. The study ensured that Sevviyadhi chooranam was free from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, aflatoxins and pesticide residue and validated the safety of SC for therapeutic usage in treatment of sinusitis.

Therapeutic Potential of Polyherbal Tablets: A Comprehensive Assessment of Pharmacological Activity

Azadirachta indica, Allium sativum and Annona squamosa are widely recognized medicinal plants with significant therapeutic potential. Individually, each of these plants has been historically acclaimed for its antidiabetic properties, but the synergistic effect of a combined formulation has remained largely unexplored. This research aims to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of a polyherbal formulation consisting of these three plants in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The polyherbal formulation was prepared using ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Azadirachta indica, bulbs of Allium sativum, and leaves of Annona squamosa. The formulation was standardized as per the World Health Organization's guidelines for herbal materials. Acute toxicity studies established its safety profile, showing no toxicity at doses up to 2000 mg/kg. Antidiabetic activity was assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and the results demonstrated a remarkable reduction in blood glucose levels, comparable to the standard drug glibenclamide. Furthermore, biochemical evaluations corroborated the formulation's efficacy, which was also substantiated through histopathological assessments of the liver and pancreas. In conclusion, the polyherbal formulation exhibits profound antidiabetic activity, suggesting its potential as an effective herbal remedy for diabetes management.

In vitro and in silico analysis proving DPP4 inhibition and diabetes-associated gene network modulation by a polyherbal formulation: Nisakathakadi Kashaya

Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitors are an important class of anti-diabetic drugs recognised for their systemic biological actions. Polyherbal preparations like Ayurveda formulations are considered to be ideal sources for discovering novel DPP4 inhibitors owing to their rich phytochemical composition. The current study reports the DPP4 inhibitory potential of a clinically established Ayurvedic anti-diabetic formulation Nisakathakadi Kashaya (NK) using in vitro assay and substantiates it by identifying potential bioactives responsible for DPP4 inhibition using computational biology tools. NK showed a dose-dependent DPP4 inhibition with an IC50 of 2.06 μg GAE/mL, and the molecular docking and simulation studies showed three compounds, namely Terchebin, Locaracemoside B and 1,2,4,6 Tetra o Galloyl Beta D Glucose having stable interactions with DPP4 similar to the standard drug Vildagliptin. Further, for the reason that polyherbal formulations exert a network pharmacology mode of action, in silico analysis was carried out to identify the other putative phytochemical-protein networks modulated by NK. The complex pharmacological network of the formulation was explored further using a subnetwork of diabetes proteins and their relationship with diabetes-associated comorbidities. A number of key targets like TNFα, TGFβ1, SOD1, SOD2, AKT1, DPP4 and GLP1R were identified in the protein-protein interaction network that is vital to diabetic progression and complications. A combination of in vitro and in silico methods allowed us to prove the DPP4 inhibition potential of NK as well as provided insights into the possible pharmacological networking through which NK potentially exerts its systemic effect in diabetes management. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Demaghi, a polyherbal formulation, mitigates aluminum chloride-induced neurological impairment in mice: Insights from phytochemical analysis and behavioral assessment

Herbal products have been very popular in Pakistan for their curative significance against various disorders. Demaghi (DEMG) is a widely used herbal product claimed to own natural substances having neuroprotective potential. The current study aims to scientifically validate the chemical composition as well as its neuroprotective claims of this widely used herbal tonic. The commercially available Demaghi product was chemically characterized for its phytocomposition. The mice were treated with two doses of Demaghi (DEMG 50 mg and 100 mg/kg/day), and the effects of its prolonged exposure on animal anxiety, memory, and depression were noted through a series of behavioral tests in the AlCl3-induced memory deficient mice model. Besides that, dissected brains were biochemically analyzed for oxidative stress markers and acetylcholinesterase activity, as well as histopathological changes. The study outcomes showed that DEMG (100 mg/kg/day) has prominent anti-anxiety effects, memory-enhancing properties, and anti-depressants effects observed in the AlCl3-induced memory-deficient mice model. Biochemical assays also showed a greater decrease in oxidative stress of tested animals treated with 100 mg/kg/day of DEMG. The histopathological analysis also revealed that administration of DEMG reduced the AlCl3-induced toxicity. UPLC-MS results revealed the presence of many phytoconstituents, which showed to support cholinergic signaling in in-silico studies. The current research validates the neurological benefits of Demaghi for memory-boosting properties. The phytocompounds present in Demaghi exert neuroprotective effects, possibly by enhancing the cholinergic neurotransmission and combating the neurotoxin-induced oxidative stress.

Hepatoprotective activities of polyherbal formulations: A systematic review

Background: Liver diseases pose a substantial global public health challenge, encompassing conditions such as liver failure, hepatitis, cirrhosis and associated complications Safeguarding the liver becomes important as these conditions impact human health. Hepatoprotective agents play a pivotal role in mitigating liver damage caused by chemicals, drugs and toxins. Polyherbal formulations, combining botanical components from traditional medicine, offer a promising approach to addressing liver disorders. Their popularity arises from a multi-targeted strategy in treating complex diseases, marking a shift in focus toward these formulations.Aim: The study aimed to conduct a thorough review of the existing literature on the hepatoprotective activity of polyherbal formulations and provide a comprehensive overview of their mechanisms of action. This review provides the overview of the use of polyherbal formulations in the management of liver disease.Method: A systematic search of electronic databases, including : Scopus, Academia, Elsevier, Science Direct, Wiley, BioMed Central, PubMed, and Google Scholar, was conducted using a combination of keywords such as ‘polyherbal formulations’, ‘hepatoprotective’ and ‘liver diseases’. Studies published between January 2010 and April 2023 were included in the review.Results: A total of 61 articles were reviewed, and the studies showed that polyherbal formulations possess significant hepatoprotective activity against various hepatotoxic agents. The mechanisms of action of these formulations include antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antifibrotic and antiapoptotic effects. Additionally, some polyherbal formulations were found to stimulate liver regeneration, enhance bile secretion and promote detoxification processes.Conclusion: Polyherbal formulations have shown promising hepatoprotective activity, and their multitargeted approach to treating complex diseases makes them a potential alternative to conventional medicines. However, identifying the active compounds responsible for the hepatoprotective effects of these formulations and their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics could provide insights into the development of new and effective drugs for liver disorders.Contribution: This article contributes to the growing body of literature on the potential of polyherbal formulations as hepatoprotective agents.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of an Anti-Diabetic Polyherbal Formulation

Background: There are several clinical studies examining the health advantages of several single medicinal herbs utilized in traditional blood glucose-lowering treatments. But very few or no studies on herbal formulations were made as Polyherbal for the same goal. As a result, it is now necessary to confirm that patients with hyperglycemia can benefit from such Polyherbal medicines as Dolabi. Methods: This prospective open-label, herbal coded test drug-controlled, randomized trial was conducted at the Munshiganj and Dhaka area in Bangladesh. We enrolled 108 male and 104 female patients of 30-70 years with primary and moderate hyperglycemia. They were recruited from the OPD of an Unani & Ayurvedic hospital in Munshiganj and different Unani clinics in Dhaka, Bangladesh after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Patients were randomly assigned to receive metformin hydrochloride 500 mg two times daily and 2 tablets of Dolabi two times daily by using a random numbers table with the help of an assistant. Blood samples, height, weight, blood pressure, and personal data were recorded—laboratory results were obtained at the study baseline, after 1.5 months and after 3 months of intervention. Results: In the case of the test drug, results showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level between the baseline and after 3 months, in males, it was from 9.83±1.17 to 7.72±1.06 mg/dL for fasting glucose, from 16.60±2.35 to 8.23±1.17 mg/dL for 2 hours PP glucose, from 9.33±1.17 to 7.45±2.03 percent for HbA1c and for Insulin it reduces from 183.10±27.59 to 168.10±29.59 pmol/ L. The control drug metformin hydrochloride also showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level between baseline and after 3 months, in the case of males it was from 9.99±2.52 to 6.97±1.76 mg/dL for fasting glucose, from 17.43±5.05 to 7.89±2.42 mg/dL for 2 hours PP glucose, from 10.43±2.36 to 6.87±1.18 percent for HbA1c and for Insulin it reduces from 198.75±30.61 to 183.75±30.61p mol/L. In the case of females the test drug showed a significant reduction in fasting glucose, 2 hours PP glucose, HbA1c and Insulin between the baseline and after 3 months, it was from 10.02±1.11 to 7.78±0.93 mg/dL, from 16.88±2.21 to 8.16±1.11 mg/dL, from 9.84±1.04 to 7.45±1.03 percent and from 199.47±30.90 to 173.47±30.90 mg/dL respectively. In the case of females, the control drug showed a significant reduction in fasting glucose, 2 hours PP glucose, HbA1c and Insulin between baseline and after 3 months, it was from 10.18±1.92 to 6.71±1.59 mg/dL, from 18.70±3.88 to 7.60±3.74 mg/dL, from 10.58±1.08 to 6.98±1.08 percent and from 200.00±31.83 to 188.00±31.83 mg/dL respectively. Conclusions: We can infer the following from the present study’s findings: The polyherbal formulation Dolabi is able to reduce the blood glucose level. It can be an effective drug for primary hyperglycemic patients.

Clinical Effect of Poly Herbal Unani Formulation on Dyslipidemia- A Randomized Trial

Background: In adults aged 30-70 with primary and moderate hyperlipidemia, the present study took place to investigate the therapeutic benefits of a polyherbal unani preparation called Garlitab. Methods: It was a prospective open label, herbal coded test drug-controlled, randomized trial. Out of total screened patients we were enrolled 212 hyperlipidemic patients of 30–70 years in the study fulfilling the inclusion criteria, we were recruited them from OPD of a hospital in Munshiganj and different Unani clinics of Dhaka, Bangladesh after obtaining written informed consent from the patients. Selected individuals were allocated into two groups at random. Group1 Received 500 mg Garlitab tablets twice daily and Group 2 received tablet atorvastatin calcium 10 mg 2 times daily. Height, weight, and blood pressure were recorded along with blood samples. The random distributions were carried out by a research assistant utilizing a random numbers table. Blood samples were taken at the beginning of the trial, 1.5 months later, and 3 months following the intervention. Results: Results for the test medication revealed a substantial drop in cholesterol levels between baseline and the data collected after three months and in case of male it was from 241.72±38.11 to 218.24±34.06 mg/dL for total cholesterol, from 198.27±30.57 to 173.54±29.34 mg/dL for LDL and from 280.78±85.81 to 207.07±51.40 mg/dL for triglyceride. HDL increases from 33.05±3.21 to 34.69±3.13 mg/dL in male patients. The control drug atorvastatin calcium also showed a significant decrease in lipids between baseline and after 3 months data and in case of male it was from 241.92±31.54 to 174.90±22.87 mg/dL for total cholesterol, from 196.20±30.91 to 130.30±24.29 mg/dL for LDL and from 279.48±115.35 to 141.27±59.55 mg/dL for triglyceride. It increases HDL from 32.00±2.25 to 34.03±2.19 mg/dL in male patients. Between the baseline and the 3-month data, the test medicine for females significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides and it was from 244.64±52.18 to 220.12±45.07 mg/dL, from 200.32±30.57 to 173.54±29.34 mg/dL and from 272.32±99.69 to 195.25±60.68 mg/dL respectively. HDL increases from 33.77±3.36 to 35.03±3.23 mg/dL. Between the baseline and the 3-month data, the control medication for females significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides and it was from 247.74±37.95 to 175.26±29.54 mg/dL, from 197.65±27.89 to 130.91±22.04 mg/dL and from 271.57±94.52 to 142.00±50.88 mg/dL respectively. It increases HDL from 32.22±2.32 to 33.46±2.94 mg/dL. Conclusions: According to the results of the study, the polyherbal formulation Garlitab can lower cholesterol levels. It may be a useful medication for treating primary hyperlipidemia.

Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of Liberin, an anti-diabetic polyherbal formulation in rats

BackgroundThe polyherbal formulation (PHF) liberin, is known to exert anti-hyperglycemic effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hence, it is important to study the safety profile of PHF in the current study through acute and chronic toxicity evaluation. ObjectivesThis research aims to assess the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of PHF in rats. Materials and methodsPHF was administered once orally (1000 mg/kg body weight), and the rats (male and female) were monitored for toxicity signs for a 14-day period. For a 28-day chronic toxicity study, rats were daily administered with PHF dose of 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Rats were followed up for mortality, weight changes, and other morbidities. Further haematological, biochemical, and histopathological changes were assessed. ResultsNo death related to treatment or toxicity signs were recorded in the acute single-dose administration group. The results showed that the PHF was tolerated well up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight. Even at the high dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight, sub-chronic tests did not show any significant difference between the dosed and normal groups. No significant changes were seen in the histopathological analysis of the liver, spleen, and kidney as well as haematological and biochemical parameters in acute, sub-chronic and satellite groups following the administration of PHF. ConclusionThe results confirmed that there was no adverse effect of this PHF at the maximum dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight in Wistar rats. Further, no adverse delayed effects related to PHF were observed in the satellite group. Therefore, this PHF appears safe for therapeutic purposes in the Ayurvedic medicinal system.

Formulation and Evaluation Study of Polyherbal Formulations towards Antidiabetic, Antilipidemic and Water Intake

Present investigation has to undertake for estimation of Antidiabetic, antilipidemic and water intake study in Polyherbal formulation. Total flavonoid content was64.01 mg/ml which is catechin equivalent, while Total phenolic content was 142.20 mg/ml, it shown strong anti-oxidant properties are indicated by the relatively high gallic acid content. The polyherbal juice's DPPHactivity was found to be 68.45% and for polyherbal formulations A and B to be 55.04% and 58.85%. The RC50 value for the DPPH scavenging assay was reported to be 6.0 g/ml. Quantitative Analysis of Phytoconstituents in Formulation was carried out using preliminary phytochemical assays and HPTLC.

Evaluating hepatoprotective activity of polyherbal formulations- an overview of dietary antioxidants

Chronic liver disease is the foremost cause of morbidity, accounting for 2.2 percent of death. In recent years, excessive attention has been focused on using natural antioxidants as they have the potential to minimize oxidative stress in cells and thus help treat various ailments. Some scientists estimate that two-thirds of plant species have medical applications, and many of these have significant antioxidant potential. Polyherbal formulations (PHFs) have shown therapeutic promise in the treatment of several acute and chronic conditions, including diabetes, wound care, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, anxiety, neurological imbalances, and disorders of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and endocrine systems. This article reviews the antioxidant potential of the various polyherbal formulations developed to treat hepatic disorders during the past ten years. After preliminary screening, 53 abstracts based on the polyherbal formulations selected for hepatoprotection were retrieved from several bibliographical databases. This review provides insight and indicates the gaps presented in the case of polyherbal formulations (PHFs) formulations. To conclude, PHFs can activate several physiological processes that quicken the process. Clinical trials should be conducted to further examine these PHFs, and production upscaling will help to open up new markets for PHFs.

Analyzing Biomarkers in an Enhanced Polyherbal Formula with Antidiabetic Attributes through High-performance Thin-layer Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/ Mass Spectrometry

ABSTRACT Context: In this research, we subjected a polyherbal formulation (PHF) prepared in-house, previously evaluated for its antidiabetic effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, to further analytical characterization using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and Liquid Chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Aim: The aim of this research was to measure the active components within a newly developed in-house PHF with antidiabetic properties, prepared using dried leaves of Tinospora cordifolia, dried bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, dried seeds of Trigonella foenum, and dried seeds of Nigella sativa, employing HPTLC and LC-MS/MS techniques. Materials and Methods: Magnoflorine (MAG), cinnamaldehyde (CIN), trigonelline (TRI), and thymoquinone (THY) were identified as the active components of the ethanolic extract of the PHF. We utilized HPTLC and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the characterization of these constituents. The gradient mobile phase consisted of water, acetonitrile, and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an XBridge C18, 250 × 4.6, 3 mm analytical column with a flow rate set at 1.0 mL/min, maintained at ambient temperature employing a gradient system that spanned 30 min. Mass scanning was conducted in positive mode, with a scan speed ranging from 100 to 2000 amu/s, covering a mass range from 20 to 1974 Da. Electron spray ionization mode was utilized, with a source temperature maintained at 150°C and a desolvation temperature at 350°C. For HPTLC separation, precoated silica gel 60 GF254 plates were employed, employing a mobile phase consisting of toluene/chloroform/ethyl acetate/methanol/formic acid in a ratio of 2.5:2.5:2.5:2.0:0.5 (v/v). The plates were developed at room temperature, extending to a distance of 9.0 cm. Each individual component (MAG, CIN, TRI, and THY) was scanned and quantified at its respective maximum absorption wavelength (237 nm, 259 nm, 305 nm, and 338 nm). Results: Experimental parameters such as band size, chamber saturation duration, solvent front migration, slit width, and others were carefully examined to determine the optimized chromatographic conditions. LC-MS analysis of the alcoholic extract of the PHF successfully identified the presence of all five bioactive chemical constituents, namely, MAG, CIN, TRI, and THY. In addition, the drug samples exhibited satisfactory resolution with retention factor values of 0.27 ± 0.01, 0.64 ± 0.01, 0.55 ± 0.01, and 0.92 ± 0.01 for CIN, MAG, TRI, and THY respectively, using HPTLC. Conclusion: The integration of Ayurvedic formulations with contemporary high-throughput screening techniques holds great promise in discovering more potent and biocompatible drug leads. The results of this study offer compelling scientific evidence that strengthens the case for the therapeutic utility of the PHF, further underscoring its significance in the field of health care.

Study of the Successful Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection in a Five-Year-Old Dog Using Polyherbal Formulation

Study of the Successful Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection in a Five-Year-Old Dog Using Polyherbal Formulation

Anti-insomnia Effect of a Polyherbal Formulation on P-chlorophenyalanine Induced Experimental Animal Model.

Sleep is a dynamic and controlled set of physiological and behavioural practices during which the stabilisation and restoration processes of the body take place properly. Therefore, sleep disorders, especially chronic insomnia, can harm an individual's physical and mental health. However, the therapeutic alternatives are limited and possess severe side effects. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-insomnia effect of a polyherbal formulation (Sleep) (SLP) on p-chlorophenyalanine (PCPA) induced insomnia in rats. Intraperitoneal injection of PCPA induced the experimental condition, and the therapeutic effect of SLP was evaluated by studying the sleep pattern and expression of various neurotransmitters and receptors, along with neurotrophins. Moreover, insomnia-associated oxidative stress and inflammation were also studied. From the findings, we found that the SLP-supplemented animals improved their sleeping behaviour and that the major neurotransmitters, hormones, and receptors were maintained at an equilibrium level. Furthermore, the neurotrophin level was increased and pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced. The evaluation of oxidative stress markers shows that the antioxidants were significantly boosted, and as a result, lipid peroxidation was prevented. The overall findings suggest that SLP can be used as an effective medication for the treatment of sleep disorders like insomnia as it triggers the major neurotransmitter system.

Synergistic Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Polyherbal and Allopolyherbal Formulation.

Polyherbal formulation (PHF) enhances therapeutic efficacy and minimizes side effects by reducing individual herb dosages. Allopolyherbal formulation (APHF) combines polyherbal extracts with allopathic medication, effectively reducing the latter's required dose and mitigating associated adverse effects. The current study intends to assess the anti-diabetic effects of PHF and APHF in-vivo. Dried raw powders of Cassia auriculata leaf, Centella asiatica leaf, and Zingiber officinale rhizome were extracted by cold maceration process using 70% ethanol. These extracts were combined in three different ratios to make PHF. PHF was subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical investigations. APHF has been prepared by combining a potent ratio of PHF with metformin in three different ratios. The compatibility of APHF has been confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In vivo activity was also evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats. PHF (3 different ratios at a dose of 200-400 mg/kg b.w), APHF (combination of PHF and metformin in 3 different ratios, 200 + 22.5, 200 + 45, and 200 + 67.5 mg/kg b.w), and metformin (90 mg/kg b.w) were administered to albino rats for 21 consecutive days. Blood glucose levels were estimated on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of treatment. On the 21st day, blood was collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. The liver and pancreas were isolated and subjected to histopathological analysis. PHF and APHF showed significant anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidemic efficacy. In comparison to PHF, APHF had the most promising action. The current study demonstrated that PHF and APHF are safe and efficacious drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus as they help to replace or lower the dose of metformin, thereby decreasing the risks of metformin.

Anti-obesity Effects of Triphala at Biochemical and Molecular Level in High-Fat Diet-induced Obese Rats

Background The prevalence of obesity is rising worldwide. Due to the side effects associated with modern drugs, there is a need for an alternative treatment for obesity management. Triphala (TP), a polyherbal formulation from Ayurveda, is used by Ayurvedic physicians for weight loss. Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the effects of TP on obesity at the biochemical, histological, and molecular levels. Materials and Methods Male Wistar rats (125–150 g, 6–7 weeks old) were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for total of 48 days. From day 24 to day 48, along with HFD, rats were given an aqueous extract of TP (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) or atorvastatin (1.2 mg/kg/day). Biochemical parameters were estimated in serum. Histopathology was done for the liver and adipose tissue. Levels of the genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Monoamine levels were estimated from the brain tissue. Results At the end of the study (day 48), compared to only HFD receiving group (DC), all TP-treated groups showed a significant decrease in body weight, serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde, and noradrenaline levels. High-density lipoprotein, adiponectin, superoxide dismutase, serotonin, and dopamine levels were found to be increased compared to DC rats. Expression of various genes involved in lipid metabolism was found to be down regulated only in TP 100 group compared with DC. Additionally, all TP groups showed a reduction in adipocyte size and restored monoamine levels. Conclusion The aqueous extract of TP had shown an anti-obesity effect as demonstrated by lowering inflammation and oxidative stress, adipocyte size, and modulation of expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.

Quality control and HPTLC analysis of a polyherbal Unani formulation Habb-i-Shahtara recommended for skin diseases

Quality control and HPTLC analysis of a polyherbal Unani formulation Habb-i-Shahtara recommended for skin diseases