Value Pluralism Research Articles

The Framework of Multicultural Education Value in Indonesia Schools to Face Challenge of 21-Century Learning Using Literary Study

This study uses literary analysis to provide a model for how multicultural education might help Indonesian schools meet the challenges of the twenty-first century. This study fills a knowledge vacuum by employing works of fiction to investigate the importance of intercultural education. The novel Negeri 5 Menara also depicts a multicultural lifestyle and educational system. In this investigation, we employ a qualitative strategy based on content analysis. The study's data comes from a search for examples of intercultural education's core values in literature. This study used a selected data gathering method that Huberman and Miles refer to as "data reduction," consisting of five steps: selecting, focusing, simplifying, summarising, and modifying the raw data. Credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability are all aspects of data validity that should be examined. According to the study's findings, 1) multicultural education is beneficial because it teaches students to respect and tolerate diverse points of view during the decision-making process; 2) students can benefit from multicultural education both inside and outside the classroom; and 3) the value of multicultural education can be broken down into three main value components: democracy, pluralism, and humanism. The similarities in the concept of pluralism values, cultural empowerment as a basis for freedom of cross-cultural understanding, and the combination of content and knowledge construction in the education system are all examples of the framework of the multicultural education model that emerges from the analysis results. The findings of this study have relevance for the advancement of science, particularly for the study of literature across disciplines.

NILAI-NILAI PLURALISME DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: BELAJAR DARI KEBERAGAMAN QIRA'AT 'ASYR

The study of Qira'at 'Asyr is highly recommended for students who wish to comprehend the implicit diversity in the Qur'an. Using a comprehensive approach to this discipline, students must be active and proactive to serve as "primary agents" in the learning process, and build skills and comprehension of a sacred text, particularly regarding the diverse values included within a verse. Due to the textual and conservative religious understanding of sacred religious scriptures, religious radicalism has begun to surface. Acquiring this knowledge is likely to mitigate this phenomenon. Using descriptive analysis, this essay will investigate the values of pluralism in the learning tradition of 10 varieties of Al-Qur'an readings in greater depth.

A Reflection on the Methods of Interpretation of EU Law

Abstract In many legal systems, methods of interpretation are unwritten customary norms. As such, they depend on consistent practice of legal officials and their acceptance of those methods as binding. Among them, the most important are judges. The EU legal system is characterised by a two-tier judiciary, composed of the Court of Justice and national courts. The Court of Justice has the final word regarding the development of the methods of interpretation of EU law. National courts are required to accept and apply those methods when they interpret EU law on their own. This is essential for ensuring uniformity and effectiveness of EU law. The Court of Justice therefore needs to develop the methods of interpretation of EU law through a dialogue with national courts. How any method of interpretation will be employed in a particular case depends on moral and political values that inform their use. The inherent characteristic of the EU legal order is value pluralism. This means that although the same constitutional values are likely to be formally recognised in the EU and its Member States, their conceptions may nonetheless vary. To have uniform EU law that produces same effects in all Member States, national courts have to interpret EU law by using particular methods of interpretation informed by EU conceptions of values that are associated with those methods. So, these EU values likewise have to be shared by national courts whenever they interpret EU law. What these EU values are is determined not only by the Court of Justice in a dialogue with national courts, but with other institutional actors, supranational and national, in the EU legal order.

Advancing Value Pluralist Approaches to Social Policy Controversies: A Case Study of Welfare Conditionality

Abstract‘Value pluralism’ is a strand of analytical philosophy that posits the plurality of morally significant values. By enabling systematic mapping of the diversity of moral registers within which social policy concerns might legitimately be considered, we contend that value pluralist-inspired analysis can aid constructive policy dialogue. Our argument is founded on four claims: first, as a matter of normative principle, value pluralism represents a defensible ethical standpoint; second, as a matter of fact, people are attracted to a plurality of moral values; third, as a matter of democratic legitimacy, pluralism offers a means of (partially) reconciling rival moral claims; fourth, as a matter of political strategy, pluralism offers a pragmatic approach that can engage protagonists on their own terms. To demonstrate its efficacy, we apply this pluralist approach to the vexed question of welfare conditionality, which we interrogate via six normative perspectives (rights, utilitarianism, contractualism, communitarianism, paternalism and social justice).

Modeling desirable futures at local scale by combining the nature futures framework and multi-objective optimization

AbstractEnvisioning positive scenarios that recognize the multiple values of nature is fundamental for designing transformative changes in local socio-ecological systems. This study developed a protocol with three specifications for operationalizing the Nature Futures Framework (NFF) in a landscape scenario analysis using a multi-objective optimization framework composed of: (1) exploring nature-positive futures, (2) seeking alternative pathways for targets satisfying visions of plural values, and (3) screening key direct drivers to achieve the targets. This research conducted a case study of a rural landscape in northeastern Japan. First, 110 strategies of landscape management options were simulated from 2015 to 2100 using a forest landscape model, LANDIS-II. The simulation developed a data frame of four integrated indicators of the NFF values for each year and strategy. Second, nature-positive strategies were screened using the common values. Pareto optimal strategies were then identified to obtain equally good solutions. Finally, the key response options to achieve good nature-positive futures were identified using decision tree analysis. Our protocol identified (1) multiple, but few nature-positive and Pareto optimal strategies that satisfied NFF visions, (2) nature-positive, but not Pareto optimal strategies, and (3) non-nature-positive strategies. In most Pareto optimal strategies, the maximized value perspectives changed over time. Our protocol also identified key response options to achieve three different NFF value perspectives in the case study area: (1) clear or selective cutting in forestry and (2) solar PV installation on abandoned pastureland in agriculture and energy sectors. We discussed the implication for local landscape management, localizing NFF narratives to develop future scenarios and modeling practice of NFF. The protocol does not depend on a specific model and indicator. Thus, our scalable protocol can be applied to scenarios and model practices in any region to support envisioning plausible, feasible, and positive futures, and designing future stakeholder collaboration.

Dimensions of value

AbstractValue pluralists believe in multiple dimensions of value. What does betterness along a dimension have to do with being better overall? Any systematic answer begins with the Strong Pareto principle: one thing is overall better than another if it is better along one dimension and at least as good along all others. We defend Strong Pareto from recent counterexamples and use our discussion to develop a novel view of dimensions of value, one which puts Strong Pareto on firmer footing. We conclude by defending Dimensionalism, the hypothesis that overall value relations are determined solely by how things compare along value dimensions. These are first steps towards a more systematic value pluralism.

Public values in the socio-technical construction of autonomous vehicle futures

ABSTRACT This study argues that policymaking guided by public values can help to secure public benefit in technology implementation, for two reasons. Firstly, the emergence and deliberation over plural values can result in more publicly beneficial outcomes; secondly, public values establish the meaningful link between public interest and policy goals. We explore the value bases of arguments around the societal implementation of autonomous vehicles through interviews with professionals. Mapping values on a conceptual model with two dimensions of recognition-neglect and consensus-dissensus, we find that a limited set of values receives recognition, while two distinct sets are contested or neglected almost entirely.

어떤 자유?

The aim of this work is to shed light on the ideal of “another freedom” expressed by Pushkin in the poem “From Pindemonte” in the context of modern concepts of freedom. It specifically intends to argue against the view of A. Etkind, who understands “another freedom” as equivalent to Isaiah Berlin's “negative freedom.” Whether Etkind's view is valid is examined in the context of the debate over Berlin's theory of freedom in modern political philosophy. Pushkin, who belongs to liberals, shares with Berlin the position of anti-rationalism and anti-utopianism. Modern republican critique of Berlin's liberal view of freedom can also be applied to Pushkin's political ideal of “enlightened despotism” in his later years. As such, there are several valid reasons to regard Pushkin's “another freedom” as the same paradigm as Berlin's “negative freedom.” However, Pushkin's position is different from Berlin's value pluralism. Pushkin's “another freedom” is not limited to “negative freedom.” In Pushkin's poem, both ‘autonomy’ and ‘authenticity’ of “positive freedom” are embodied. In a strict sense, Pushkin's “another freedom” differs from Western liberals' understanding of freedom. “Another freedom” that Pushkin wants is ‘anarchist individualism’ in its essence. The fundamentally different attributes of Pushkin's “another freedom” and Berlin's “negative freedom” in pursuit of the universal ideal of freedom of private life raise the issue of cultural differences in understanding the concept of freedom, which will be discussed in another study.

친환경 도시농업교육이 지속가능한 도시의 생태환경 인식에 미치는 영향

In addition this study suggests the necessity of environment-friendly urban agricultural education and of environmental education to diffuse through urban agriculture containing plural value.
 This study leaded to the conclusion as follows. First, The object mostly used the chemicals for pest control. Some of the object didn’t use the chemicals because they considered safe foods and environmental matters. Second, The most preferred urban agricultural educations were pest control, environment-friendly agricultural method, and plant culture method in order. Third, as for the severity of environmental problem, those who completed the education pointed out climate change and those who didn't complete the education pointed out atmosphere pollution. Fourth, As for manure used for environment-friendly agricultural cultivation, a part of the group who completed the education uses manure produced by themselves. Most of the group who didn't complete the education use the products produced already. Fifth, As for manure quantity, the group who completed the education uses less quantity than the group who didn’t complete the education. Sixth, As for how much the object can solve the environmental problem in urban area, the group who completed the education perceives in the possibility of solution on the higher level than the group who didn’t complete the education.

Axiology and the Problem of Evil

Abstract In this article, I contend that (a) disagreement over the definition of ‘good person’ indicates a challenge for the probabilistic argument from evil (PAE) and (b) the debate between value monism and value pluralism exposes obstacles for the PAE. I also highlight areas for further axiological inquiry with respect to the problem of evil and related problems. My goal is not to argue that the PAE fails, but to examine the axiology of the argument, to investigate some of its vulnerabilities, and to motivate novel evaluations of it by reframing it as an axiological rather than moral issue.

Twitter Gamifies the Conversation

Twitter makes conversation into something like a game. It scores our communication, giving us vivid and quantified feedback, via Likes, Retweets, and Follower counts. But this gamification doesn’t just increase our motivation to communicate; it changes the very nature of the activity. Games are more satisfying than ordinary life precisely because game goals are simpler, cleaner, and easier to apply. Twitter is thrilling precisely because its goals have been artificially clarified and narrowed. When we buy into Twitter’s gamification, our values shift from the complex and pluralistic values of communication to the narrower quest for popularity and virality. Twitter’s gamification, thus, involves instrumentalizing our ends for hedonistic reasons. We have shifted our aims in an activity, not because the new aims are more valuable, but in exchange for extra pleasure.

Extremely premature birth bioethical decision-making supported by dialogics and pragmatism

Moral values in healthcare range widely between interest groups and are principally subjective. Disagreements diminish dialogue and marginalize alternative viewpoints. Extremely premature births exemplify how discord becomes unproductive when conflicts of interest, cultural misunderstanding, constrained evidence review, and peculiar hierarchy compete without the balance of objective standards of reason. Accepting uncertainty, distributing risk fairly, and humbly acknowledging therapeutic limits are honorable traits, not relativism, and especially crucial in our world of constrained resources. We think dialogics engender a mutual understanding that: i) transitions beliefs beyond bias, ii) moves conflict toward pragmatism (i.e., the truth of any position is verified by subsequent experience), and iii) recognizes value pluralism (i.e., human values are irreducibly diverse, conflicting, and ultimately incommensurable). This article provides a clear and useful Point-Counterpoint of extreme prematurity controversies, an objective neurodevelopmental outcomes table, and a dialogics exemplar to cultivate shared empathetic comprehension, not to create sides from which to choose. It is our goal to bridge the understanding gap within and between physicians and bioethicists. Dialogics accept competing relational interests as human nature, recognizing that ultimate solutions satisfactory to all are illusory, because every choice has downside. Nurturing a collective consciousness via dialogics and pragmatism is congenial to integrating objective evidence review and subjective moral-cultural sentiments, and is that rarest of ethical constructs, a means and an end.

Value pluralism about sexual intimacy in residential care.

The existing literature on sexuality and intimacy in residential care tends to focus on either the question of rights, or the value of autonomy. Where the literature does reference values other than autonomy, such values are considered in the context of being a guide to whether or not a resident is autonomous, rather than being important values in their own right. This paper draws on qualitative data gathered as part of a larger study in order to inform practice on how care workers respond to intimacy issues that arise with residents with dementia and to inform a general ethics of sex and sexuality, demonstrating that an approach which permits value pluralism can be appropriate in certain contexts. The qualitative data referred to in this paper was gathered from semi-structured interviews undertaken as part of a larger mixed-method research project. The interview text was analysed using Thorne's methodological approach, interpretive description. The qualitative arm of the project consisted of semi-structured interviews conducted between October 2018 and October 2019 with participants (staff, residents and family members) recruited from 35 residential care homes in Aotearoa New Zealand. Participation was informed, voluntary and written consent was gained before interviews. The project was approved by the Massey University Human Ethics Committee (Northern), number NOR 18/25. Analysis of the scenarios presented in this paper shows that decision-making around sexual intimacy involving people with dementia in a residential care setting is complex and requires recognizing and weighing the different values that may be a in play. A focus on safety and consent to the exclusion of other values which matter morally in this context is a mistake which prevents care workers from providing appropriately person-centred care to residents, as policies which focus on the goal of care allow space for critical examination of issues which are likely to be highly context-sensitive.

Multiculturalism in the Quran (Tafsir Siyasy Analysis Q.S Al-Hujarat Verse 13)

Purpose: This article discusses multiculturalism by analyzing the contemporary interpretation of Q.S Al-Hujarat verse 13, which is the rationale for the diversity of human backgrounds in Islam.Methodology: The methodology used is descriptive analysis with the type of qualitative research- literature study, which uses references related to contemporary interpretation and multiculturalism thoughts Q.S Al-Hujarat verse 13. The theory used in this article is the Contemporary Method of Interpreting the Quran from Abdullah Saeed, a contemporary interpretation method to analyze verses related to the latest social, political, and other societal problems.Findings: Abdullah Saeed's tafsir theory was chosen because this tafsir is a tafsir that has a contextual and renewable interpretation method in looking at current social problems in particular and universally.Implication: The result of this article is that two values reflect multiculturalism in the Quran. First is the value of Inclusiveness and Plurality, which is the fundamental value of diversity that humanity must own. Second, Justice and Equality must be applied in life indiscriminately.

Achieving soil health in Aotearoa New Zealand through a pluralistic values-based framework: mauri ora ki te whenua, mauri ora ki te tangata

AbstractGlobally, soil policy and management have been based on a limited understanding of values and perspectives, and mainly dominated by a Western-centric soil science perspective. Further, this understanding has tended to be highly focused on instrumental values—particularly the soil’s productive potential and use. In this paper, we use the Nature Futures Framework (NFF) to analyse how Aotearoa New Zealand’s agricultural productive sectors express their relationship with soil and soil health. Our analysis highlights the multidimensional nature of soil values across society. Importantly, the results are consistent with work undertaken on Indigenous Māori perspectives of soil and soil health. Māori perspectives strongly connect soil to their people and take a holistic or well-being approach to soil. We then present a soil health and well-being framework that can incorporate a plurality of values from people of diverse backgrounds, including landowners, industry, farmers, and Indigenous peoples. We use a bi-cultural model approach—“waka taurua”—to demonstrate how the plurality of values from non-Indigenous and Indigenous groups in Aotearoa New Zealand can be used to shape process, dialogue and understanding, to develop shared goals to maintain and enhance the soil resource, and to achieve soil health and human well-being. There needs to be a shift in how soil policy and management is approached to achieve international calls to manage soils sustainably. Our approach using the NFF indicates that people assign multiple, co-existing values to soil. The resulting dialogue on values enriches our understanding of soils and soil health, and our relationships and connections with nature, improves the way we define threats and risks, and will lead to more targeted actions to achieve desired sustainable outcomes.

Multicultural education for strengthening harmony in diversity

The multicultural era requires habituative awareness of diversity in schools as a praxis of multicultural education to instill awareness of diversity. This study aims to obtain a model of implementation of multicultural education in building harmony in diversity in schools. The research method uses qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection techniques use active-participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation.The results showed that the curriculum is integrated with the values of humanism and pluralism, its implementation is designed with social action programs. The next implementation goes through stages: prejudice reduction, content integration, equality paedagogy, and empowering school culture and social structure. This research contributes to the implementation of multiculrural education in schools, and is very urgent to be carried out in schools in line with the digital era of multicultural mixing globally. Keywords: Education, multiculturalism, values, harmony, diversity

Die Freiheit – das besondere Kennzeichen einer modernen Jugenderziehung

The author of the article struggles with a paradox: the post-modern age which views itself as pluralistic nonetheless appears to yearn for upbringing. At the beginning of XXI century, the dissonance between human development, full participation in a wide range of spiritual culture and a tendency to strictly technical education, oriented mainly on efficiency and profits appears in a full range. In this context it is important to educate young people in the responsible use of the gift of freedom. The author of this article presents freedom as a characteristic sign of youth education in the present century. He also shows the pluralism of values and upbringing aimed towards freedom. The author also underlines the Christian approach to freedom, understood as both a gift and a task received from God. Pedagogy of freedom is not a question of transmitting human knowledge, even of the highest kind; it is rather a question of responsibly communicating with God and people. God Himself used a pedagogy that must continue to be a model for the pedagogy of freedom.

Towards a dynamic and sustainable management of geological resources

Abstract The subsurface provides multiple resources, the exploitation of which has a lasting impact on future potential provision. Establishing sustainability in terms of fundamental principles, and fitting these principles into a practical framework, is an ongoing endeavour focused mainly on surface activities. The principles of ecological economics lead to six challenges that summarize the current limitations of implementing science-based sustainable management of geological resources in the medium to deep subsurface: integrating value pluralism, defining sustainable scale, evaluating interferences in the subsurface, guaranteeing environmental justice, optimizing environmental and economic efficiency and handling uncertainties. Assessing and managing geological reservoirs is particularly challenging because of slow resource regeneration, complex spatial and temporal interactions, concealment and naturally dictated opportunities. In answer to the challenges, visions are proposed that outline how an indicator framework is needed for guidance, how indicators require reservoir models with extended spatial and temporal scope, how differences in social values in relation to the environment are to be considered and how real option games combined with life cycle assessment can be used for optimizing efficiency. These individual solutions relate to different facets of the same problem, and can be integrated into one overarching solution that takes the form of dynamic multi-criteria decision analysis.

Islamic Religious Education Learning in Value DevelopmentReligious Tolerance (Multicase Study of 1rambipuji Public Junior High School and St Peter's Catholic Junior High School Jember

This research departs from the phenomenon of rampant intolerance in Indonesia, rampant issues of SARA, brawl between students, discrimination between majority and minority because of the lack of understanding tolerance. Learning Islamic Religious Education is one means to disseminate the importance of understanding religious tolerance to students.The focus of research in this thesis are: (1) How to Study Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in developing student humanist value in State Junior High School 1Rambipuji and Catholic Junior High School St. Petrus Jember?; (2) How to study Islamic Education (PAI) in developing pluralist values of students at State Junior High School 1Rambipuji and Catholic Junior High School St. Petrus Jember?; (3) How to study Islamic Education (PAI) in developing the democratic value of students at State Junior High School 1Rambipuji and Catholic Junior High School St. Petrus Jember?
 This thesis uses descriptive qualitative approach with case study type research with multi case design. Data collection techniques through observation, interview and documentation. Researchers analyzed data with multi-case analysis of individual and cross site case analysis. Data validity using source triangulation.
 The findings show: First, PAI learning in the development of democratic, humanist and pluralist values at Rambipuji 1 Junior High School is the development in the classroom with PAI learning materials. From Class VII material as in the 2013 curriculum syllabus, class VIII is in the curriculum syllabus of KTSP, class IX as in the curriculum of the KTSP curriculum. While in St. Petrus Jember Middle School uses 18 character guidelines. The development of democratic values is also realized by bringing in teachers in accordance with the students 'religion, the activity of choosing class leaders and the student council leader in a democratic manner regardless of students' backgrounds, so that each student has the right to be chosen, besides that students are entitled to follow the talents and interests they want as self-development. The development of humanist values is also realized through social service activities, darling and scouts. The development of pluralistic values is realized by halal bil halal, the prohibition on eating is arbitrarily found during the holy month and praying according to the religion of each of them when steamala or before learning begins

Pluralism, paralysis, practice: making environmental knowledge usable

ABSTRACT In recent years, the global environmental science-policy interface has come to include a greater variety of knowledge. Social scientists have joined natural scientists at the policy table, and Indigenous and local knowledge is being taken ever more seriously. But this pluralisation raises political, normative, and epistemic challenges for environmental expert organisations, including with respect to how knowledge is managed, how it is judged to be valid, how it is made policy-relevant, and how it is presented to policy-makers and decision-takers. Based on an interview study of experts involved in the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), we identify three broad approaches to these challenges: the integrationist logic, which seeks to combine all knowledge into a single ontology; the parallelist, which looks for similarities and connections between irreconcilable ontologies; and the pragmatist, which strives to apply knowledge when and where it will have the greatest positive impact. Rather than champion any one of these approaches, the paper explores their origins and how they negotiate paralyses to the timeliness of work. In avoiding ultimate formalisation of how value and knowledge pluralism are to be handled, IPBES allow more contextually sensitive practices to come to the fore. The paper concludes by discussing implications for environmental expertise more broadly.