Planning Theory Research Articles

Spatial Analysis of Local Competitiveness: Relationship of Economic Dynamism of Cities and Municipalities in Major Regional Metropolitan Areas in the Philippines

The measurement of cities and municipalities competitiveness in the Philippines has been put in place by the Department of Trade and Industry since 2013. However, its use as a spatial planning parameter is lacking in the literature. This paper reviewed the factors that drive competitiveness. The research revealed that “economic dynamism” appeared at the top of the factors that contribute to competitiveness and influence regional development. Given urban and regional planning theories, metropolitan areas were chosen as the most appropriate case study sites that exhibit economic dynamism. The study revealed that the “Economic Dynamism Index”, or EDi, of cities and municipalities are spatially correlated, indicative of their clustering pattern in the economic space. The clustering pattern was determined by treating the EDi as a spatial attribute in the major metropolitan case study areas. Using Moran’s I global spatial autocorrelation analysis, the clustering pattern of cities and municipalities observed through the GIS map was validated by the 99% significance in the spatial statistics of the EDi dataset. This suggests that “complementation” among cities and municipalities exists rather than competition. Thus, sustainable regional spatial/economic development strategies can be reformulated, given the spatial interactions of areas with higher EDi with the less endowed cities/municipalities at the periphery.

Historical Development of Urban Planning Theory: Review and Comparison of Theories in Urban Planning

Discipline of urban planning only developed around a century back with the first academic school at the University of Liverpool in 1909. However, the theory of this discipline is relatively older and might date to varying timelines around various parts of the world. However, modern urban planning discipline has got birth in the US and Western Europe. Early development in the theory of urban planning develops challenges for the cities. In response to such challenges, the planning approaches seem to adapt to the needs of emerging regimes evident from the high-scale urban renovation of Paris by Haussmann. This is called the Progressive Model of Planning wherein planners of the time struggled to deal with the challenges imparted by the Industrial Revolution through scientific and engineering-based knowledge. Early urban planning efforts were mostly anarchist movements that reacted to the social issues of the time and include Garden City, Radiant City, Broadacre, etc. This study sought to present these theoretical considerations with respect to certain development classifications in urban planning. Accordingly, the methodology of the research study comprises the following sections/segments for a better understanding of urban planning at different times: i. Pre-History of Urban Planning ii. Foundational Years iii. Modernism (Rational Planning) iv. Post Modernism (Post war suburbia) v. Current Era In short, it is concluded that cities have emerged as a result of conscious decisions. Accordingly, looking into the planning theory requires due consideration of the planning approaches utilized over time. This perceives that planning theory is essentially the study of the decisions made from intuition and that is equally right because planning theory and practice development are in parallel.

Flexibility in Learning Management and Technology Preparedness Among Faculty Members in Higher Education Institutions

Faculty members were challenged to continue teaching beyond the traditional mode during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Therefore, the research focused on the level of management functions and technological preparedness of the faculty members with permanent employment status under the business programs of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Nueva Vizcaya. The idea behind the research was drawn from the theories of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling and technology preparedness in terms of technology access, technology skills and literacy, and attitude toward technology. The study’s findings revealed that faculty members have a high level of management and technology preparedness. Moreover, the study revealed that the profile of the faculty members had no relationship to their level of implementation of management strategies. On the other hand, younger faculty members have greater technology access and literacy skills. Furthermore, profiles were not a significant factor in their level of attitude toward technology. More results showed that when the level of implementation of management strategies is high, the result is also high in terms of technological preparedness. Based on the study’s findings, the researcher recommended an enhanced program for better implementation of flexible learning in HEIs.

Flexibility in learning management and technologypreparedness among faculty members in higher educationinstitutions

Faculty members were challenged to continue teaching beyond the traditional mode during the COVID-19pandemic. Therefore, the research focused on the level of management functions and technological preparednessof the faculty members with permanent employment status under the business programs of higher educationinstitutions (HEIs) in Nueva Vizcaya. The idea behind the research was drawn from the theories of planning,organizing, leading, and controlling and technology preparedness in terms of technology access, technologyskills and literacy, and attitude toward technology. The study’s findings revealed that faculty members have ahigh level of management and technology preparedness. Moreover, the study revealed that the profile of thefaculty members had no relationship to their level of implementation of management strategies. On the otherhand, younger faculty members have greater technology access and literacy skills. Furthermore, profiles werenot a significant factor in their level of attitude toward technology. More results showed that when the level ofimplementation of management strategies is high, the result is also high in terms of technological preparedness.Based on the study’s findings, the researcher recommended an enhanced program for better implementation offlexible learning in HEIs.

Ecological connectivity as a planning tool for the conservation of wildlife in cities

The application of ecological theory in urban planning is becoming more important as land managers focus on increasing biodiversity to improve human welfare in cities. Authorities must decide not only what types of biodiversity-focused infrastructure should be prioritized, but also where new resources should be positioned and existing resources protected or enhanced. Measuring the contribution of green infrastructure to landscape connectivity can maximise the successful return and conservation of urban nature. By using ecological connectivity theory as a planning tool, the effect of different interventions (both positive and negative) on the ease with which wildlife can move across the landscape can be compared. Here we outline an approach to a) quantify ecological connectivity for different urban wildlife species and b) use this to test different urban planning scenarios using QGIS. We demonstrate extensions which improve the application of this method as a planning tool:•Conversion of the effective mesh size value (meff) to a “probability of connectedness” (Pc, for easier interpretation by local government and comparisons between planning scenarios).•An approach for measuring species-specific connectivity, including how to decide what spatial information should be included and which types of species might be most responsive to connectivity planning.•Guidance for using the method to compare different urban planning scenarios.

Becoming an Agent of Change: Theory and Strategy for Effective Change Planning and Implementation for New and Early Career Faculty

Becoming an Agent of Change: Theory and Strategy for Effective Change Planning and Implementation for New and Early Career Faculty

COLREGs Experience-Based Real-Time Route Planning of Intelligent Ship

The route planning of intelligent ship has been studied a lot, especially in the dynamic planning of collision avoidance, but it is still faced with some difficulties, such as complex model structure, poor compatibility of collision avoidance rules, difficult to practice and so on. Therefore, this paper adopts the integration of field model theory and COLREGs for real-time ship route planning, taking into account the model efficiency and application value. It uses FM algorithm as the basic route planning algorithm, introducing the virtual electric field model to construct the ship navigation situation, and gives the guidance strategy of collision avoidance behavior under different encounter situations considering the COLREGs and daily navigation experience, which integrates it into the field model to form a real-time collision avoidance adjustment route planning algorithm. The proposed algorithm has been compared and verified by simulation in multiple scenes, it is worth mentioning that the algorithm can potentially be developed to advance collision-free route planning in unconstructed environment.

Geoinformation space: theory and practice for geoecological assessments and environmental planning

Geoinformation space: theory and practice for geoecological assessments and environmental planning

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНЫХ ЛАНДШАФТОВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ГОРОДА СУЗДАЛЬ)

Today, in the field of urban planning, the problem of preserving the recreational potential of natural territories, in particular the territories of historical and cultural landscapes, and the creation of urban public spaces in symbiosis with the natural environment in these territories is becoming increasingly important. In the theory and practice of urban planning, there is no scientifically based approach to the restoration and ecological reconstruction of the territory of historical and cultural landscapes from the standpoint of their sustainable development, as a result of which the territory of protected meadows in Suzdal has been in an environmentally unfavorable state for a long time with signs of degradation of landscape components. The purpose of the planned ecological reconstruction of urban landscapes in the city of Suzdal is to ensure a dynamic balance between the natural and urbanized environment. One of the ways to achieve such a balance, as well as to preserve the environment and improve the well-being of the local population, can be the development of eco-tourism as a tool to solve the problem of congestion in the central part of the historical settlement due to the seasonal influx of tourists. In order to reduce the anthropogenic load on the historical environment of the city, improve the welfare of the population, get acquainted with the local culture and the natural environment, it is important to separate tourist flows in different directions in green spaces along the river along organized ecological trails. During the socio-diagnostic research of the territory of historical and cultural landscapes, the dynamics of the transformation of the territory of landscapes were established and an assessment of the ecological state of the reserched territory was carried out, revealing, at the same time, the possibility of their restoration. The conducted sociological survey determined the attitude of residents and tourists of the city of Suzdal to this problem as an interested social group of the population.

СТРАТЕГІЧНЕ ПЛАНУВАННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІЙ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

The article defines the place of planning in the system of strategic management, reveals modern trends, limitations and opportunities for its development. It is noted that strategic planning of sustainable socio-economic development of territories is a widely demanded practice of management activity. The most frequently used approaches to analyzing the state and choosing ways to solve the problem of regional sustainable development, as well as approaches based on monitoring the main determinants of the rates of economic growth and sustainable development, are defined. It is noted that the modern approach to the sustainable development of regions requires the creation of a balance between the economic, social and environmental components. The economic components of sustainable development are determined through growth, productivity and the fairness of the distribution of material goods. Social components include participation in decision-making, creation and promotion of social welfare for all population groups. Environmental components include preservation of physical and biological diversity and protection of natural resources. The author emphasizes that the problem of substantiating the theory of strategic planning and management is that the strategic process as a whole at the macro, micro or nano level involves the functioning and interaction of completely different components. They include: the object of strategic planning; subject of strategic planning; strategic planning process; strategy as a result of the strategic planning process. Attention is focused on the fact that the planning of sustainable development of regions should be based on the analysis of the state and capabilities of each of the territorial communities of the region and the region as a whole, under the influence of selected economic, social and environmental factors of development. The limitations and possibilities of strategic planning in the socio-economic development of territories are substantiated. It is concluded that the strategic planning of the sustainable development of territories is a continuous process that must be frequently monitored and updated. It involves the integration of many sectors and institutions, the use of innovation and technology, the promotion of community cohesion and sustainable economic growth.

Натурные экспериментальные исследования процесса ввода животноводческих стоков во всасывающие трубопроводы насосных станций при удобрительных поливах

Purpose: to determine the possible degree of mixing livestock effluents and water for various hydraulic parameters of elements of installed equipment and pipeline network. Materials and methods. The research was carried out at the pumping station of the irrigation system of “Rassvet” LLC of Kuibyshev district Rostov region. The diagrams show pumping stations with positive and negative suction heads for the possibility of universal use of the obtained parameters regardless of the water marks in both the water source and the outlet. When conducting full-scale studies, the theory of experiment planning was used. The general, maximum possible geometric and hydraulic parameters of the fertilizer and water jet mixer network for centrifugal pumps are assigned. Results. When analyzing the equations obtained experimentally, the dependences affecting the hydraulic process of introducing livestock effluents into the suction pipelines of the pumping station are obtained. With an increase in the water level in the water source from minus 1.5 to plus 0.5 m; the manure storage level from 0.5 to 10.0 m and the mixer head from 0 to 8.0 m, the mixing coefficient increases from 1.0 to 3.0, respectively; the mixing coefficient and accordingly, the amount of nutrients in the irrigation mixture is calculated based on the above parameters. Conclusions: the conducted studies make it possible to determine the necessary mixing coefficient of livestock effluents and water when introducing the mixture into the suction pipeline of the pumping station, to calculate both the one-time and annual supply of nutrients during fertilizing irrigation with livestock effluents for the expected yield.

РЕШЕНИЕ ПЕРВОЙ ЗАДАЧИ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЙ И ОСТАТОЧНОГО РЕСУРСА ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СРЕДСТВ

The mechanism of solving the actual problem of forecasting technical impacts and residual life depending on the operating time in operational modes is presented. As a methodological basis, it is proposed to use the theory of experimental planning, provided that the factors are independent, controllable, all their combinations are possible, and the objective function can be measured. As factors, the values that determine the operating mode are used: the speed of rotation of the crankshaft, temperature, engine load, etc. Such a task in the article is called by the authors the first forecasting task. The practical implementation of this mechanism will allow the driver to display a variation series of the residual resource to failure in real time

Assessing the sustainability of spatial development decisions

Changing social and economic conditions justify a rethinking of the theory and practice of domestic spatial development and planning. Despite the progress made over the last thirty years, sustainability problems have emerged for some development projects following the exhaustion of budgetary resources. This paper presents a model developed by the authors for the ex-post and ex-ante assessment of the sustainability of spatial development decisions and suggests an aggregate index for quantifying the model, which can be used to support the preliminary analysis for spatial development decisions.

A Theory of Tax Planning

A Theory of Tax Planning

SYSTEM OF BALANCED INDICATORS FOR NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT STRUCTURES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

This study considers the usage of balanced scorecard for planning and operative management of organisations responsible for developing new products. It is proposed to use five perspective of strategic map, taking into account the key strategy - development and commercialization of the intellectual activity results. In addition to four standard projections it is suggested to use the Customer Satisfaction projection. This perspective includes the goals of increasing characteristics of the input flow developments coming or being created at the enterprise. It also reflects the quality objectives regarding the products created in the enterprise. For each goal, indicators for monitoring their implementation are defined. This balanced scorecard can be used as a starting point in building a model for evaluating organisational structures, and also develops the theory of planning and management development and production processes.

The Influence of Western Urban Planning Theory and Practice on Urban Planning and Construction of Hefei Discussion based on “Urban Planning Theory since 1945”

By analyzing the reform of western urban planning theory since 1945, taking Hefei’s previous urban master plan and urban planning and construction process as the research object, this paper discusses the application and embodiment of western urban planning theory in the process of Hefei’s urban development. In this way, we can find out the context of the development of urban planning theory in the process of Hefei urban planning and construction, and summarize the characteristics of the development process of Hefei urban planning.

Housing Modernization and Urban Planning in Vilnius: 1919–1943

Housing modernization played a key role in interwar European urban planning, as it was used to build a new type of healthy and comfortable residential area. This question is also relevant in the case of the city of Vilnius, since from 1919 to 1939 the area of the city did not increase – its limits covered an area of 10 400 hectares, which was approved in 1919. This means that the modernization of housing and related urban planning in Vilnius had to take place in a different way than it had in the rapidly growing cities of East Central Europe, where the growth of a city’s area was stimulated by newly built residential suburbs. In this paper, residential architecture of Vilnius in 1919–1943 is studied based on the theory of housing-based urban planning formulated by Yael Alweill and Noa Zemer. Through an examination of how the Greater Vilnius Master Plan (1936–1939) was prepared, the research follows how the construction of modern housing affected urban planning and functional zoning.

Experimental Research on Unit Operation for Fruit Crops’ Bones Calibration

The article presents the results of the implementation of the mathematical planning of the experiment to determine the optimal parameters of the calibration process of cherry, sweet cherry, cherry plum, apricot and almond seeds. The essence of this process is the separation of seeds (bones) of fruit crops into fractions homogenous in size in order to highlight the middle fraction, which is about 80% of the total number of bones. The bones of the middle fraction are of the highest quality and are most suitable for sowing. The shape of the bones was evaluated by three parameters: length, width, and height. Calibration was performed according to the width of the bone. To carry out experimental studies, a calibration device was developed, the working body of which is the sieve part. Ball cleaners were used to prevent clogging of the perforated sieve. A mathematical theory of experimental planning was used. The criterion of optimization for all fruit crops was taken as an indicator of the quality of bone division into homogeneous fractions. The functional dependence of this indicator on the frequency and amplitude of oscillations of the grating part of the calibration unit, as well as on the angle of inclination of the sieves, was investigated. To implement the experimental data, we used a rotatable Boks plan of the second order. Regression models of the cherry, sweet cherry, cherry plum, apricot, and almond calibration process were obtained. Adequacy of the models was assessed by Fisher’s criterion. As a result, the optimal operating parameters of the installation were determined. This ensures the qualitative separation of the bones of fruit crops into homogeneous fractions with a mass deviation of up to 7%. An assessment of the quality of work of ball sieve cleaners was carried out. To do this, we used the coefficient of efficiency of the live cross-section. With the optimal parameters of the installation, the value of this coefficient of the unit for all fruit crops is within 0.87 to 0.95. This indicates that the calibration process is of high quality.

Адаптация стратегического планирования на промышленных предприятиях к условиям трансформационных шоков

The purpose of the article is to define the concept of systemic transformation and adaptation of the process of strategic planning of agricultural engineering enterprises to transformational shocks under external constraints. To achieve this goal, the key tasks of strategic planning of agricultural enterprises under the conditions of external constraints and transformational shocks are identified. The criteria for choosing an object of study are determined. The principal arguments for the need to adapt industrial enterprises to the conditions of transformational shocks are shown.The enterprises of agricultural engineering of the South of Russia, functioning as a cluster, were chosen as the object of the study. The internal and external environment of agricultural engineering enterprises in the South of Russia is revealed on the example of a cluster in Krasnodar Krai. The advantages of the development of agricultural engineering industry in the specified region are shown; the factors of negative shock influence and systemic effects on the development of a cluster of agricultural engineering enterprises in Krasnodar Krai are identified. With the help of the methodology for express assessment of the economic sustainability of industrial enterprises in the agricultural sector, as well as by illustrating the modernized production function, the cluster of agricultural engineering enterprises in Krasnodar Krai is defined as a protocluster. Methods and methodology. Within the framework of this study, the methods of systemic and comparative analysis, integrative planning, the author’s method of construction of a modernized production function, method of harmonic linearization, dialectical method, method of empirical observations, and survey method were used. The research methodology is presented by cognitive opportunities of the theory of system economics, theory of transformation, theory of strategic planning, and theory of creative economy. The heuristic potential of interdisciplinary research theory is used. Suggestions are made to ensure the conditions for the adaptation of industrial enterprises to changing political and economic conditions and competitive development of the cluster of agricultural engineering enterprises in Krasnodar Krai.

Bio-Inspired Locomotion Control of Gecko-Mimic Robot: From Biological Observation to Robot Control

By studying animal and human locomotion strategies, mechanisms, patterns, kinematics, and dynamics, bio-inspired locomotion aims to establish a new theory and method of bionic mechanism, motion planning, and stable control, as well as a new concept for developing bio-inspired robots and unmanned systems. Throughout the long history of evolution, animals have shaped robust, complex, and adaptive movements in order to live in difficult environments. Nature provides an endless supply of robot design concepts for many environmental conditions, such as flight [1], swimming [2], and terrestrial movement [3].