Planful Problem Solving Research Articles

Characteristics of Students’ Metacognition Process At Informal Deduction Thinking Level in Geometry Problems

This study aims to determine the characteristics of students’ metacognition process at the level of informal deduction thinking in solving geometry problems. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. 66 elementary students were tested about their thinking ability of Van Hiele geometry by dividing them into some groups according to their geometry thinking level. The informal deductive thinking level group was tested for problem-solving geometry. Furthermore, interviews were conducted to explore the characteristics of their metacognition process. Based on the data analysis, the characteristics sequence of the metacognition process is complete through the process of planning, monitoring, and evaluation. The metacognition process indicator appears in each problem-solving component, from understanding the problem, preparing a problem-solving plan, implementing a problem-solving plan to check the solutions obtained.

The Effect of a Problem-oriented Teaching Method on University Mathematics Learning

In mathematics learning, it is important to solve problems. However, it is not easy for students to design and implement an effective problem-solving plan. Therefore, we propose a problem-oriented teaching method based on the existing literature. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of this problem-oriented teaching method on the learning effectiveness of students. Research subjects were part of two classes that were randomly selected from a public university in China; one was the experimental group that was subjected to the problem-oriented teaching method, and the other was the comparison group that was subjected to the traditional teaching method. In this study, at the beginning and end of the semester, the experimental and control groups were assessed. The results of the empirical analysis show that the problem-oriented teaching method was more effective at improving mathematics achievement and reducing the differences in scores between urban and rural students than traditional teaching methods. Suggestions and implications for teaching are also proposed for mathematics educators and mathematics education researchers: teachers should not only ask questions but also guide students to ask questions.

The Role of Students’ Intuition in Solving Basic Mathematical Problems in Mathematics Department of Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah Cirebon University

This study was conducted using qualitative approach, which aims to determine the role of students’ intuition in solving basic mathematical problems. Polya problem-solving steps was used for data collection followed by in-depth interview towards the subject of the study. The interview was conducted to know whether the subjects solve the problems intuitively or not. The subjects of the study are the first semester male students of Muhammadiyah Cirebon University. The result of this study indicates the role of mathematics student intuition in solving basic mathematics problems as follows: (1) In the process of learning basic mathematical problems, the subjects learn some basic mathematical problems intuititively. (2) In making problem-solving plans, subjects tend to use the role of direct intuition. (3) In making plans and applying mathematical problem, the subjects solve some problems without the role of intuition.

Burden of caregiving and its impact in the patients of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Aim:This study aims to study the caregiver burden and its correlates among the caregivers of adolescent and adult patients of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Materials and Methods:Sixty caregivers of patients with ALL were assessed on Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBI), Caregiver Strain Index, multidimensional aspect of perceived social support scale, Cognitive–Behavioral Avoidance Scale, ways of coping checklist, and General Health Questionnaire.Results:Caregivers of patients with ALL reported high caregiver burden (FBI objective burden score – 21.77; subjective burden score – 1.83). Among the domains of FBI, the highest burden was seen in the form of financial burden closely followed by disruption of family leisure. Caregivers of male patients and those belonging to higher socioeconomic status reported higher level of objective burden. Caregiver burden was higher among caregivers who reported lower perceived social support, who more often used avoidance and escape as coping and less often used planful problem solving. Higher caregiver burden is associated with higher psychological morbidity.Conclusion:Caregivers of patients with ALL experience high level of caregiver burden and it is associated with lower social support and more often use maladaptive coping strategies.

A Study of Relationship between Hopelessness and Coping Strategies in Cancer Patients

Although cancer patients often experience hopelessness and other psychological problems, research on hopelessness and coping strategies is rare. The objectives of this study were to identify the levels of hopelessness experienced and the coping strategies used by breast, colorectal and stomach cancer patients.200 cancer patients (92 disfigured and 108 non-disfigured were included in the sample. Patients completed the sample survey packets comprising of Beck’s Hopelessness Scale (Beck, 1974) and Ways of Coping Questionnaire (Lazarus & Folkman, 1988). Majority of the cancer patients were in moderate level of hopelessness. Seeking social support coping strategy was used most often by the cancer patients and Confrontive coping strategy was used the least. Significant negative correlation existed between hopelessness and use of coping strategies viz. distancing, self-controlling, accepting responsibility, Planful problem solving and positive reappraisal. t-test revealed more hopelessness in disfigured group of cancer patients. t-test also revealed that self-controlling and positive reappraisal coping strategies were used less by disfigured group of cancer patients.

Falls self-efficacy and falls incidence in community-dwelling older people: the mediating role of coping.

In a cross-sectional design, 160 community-dwelling older people (31 male, 129 female; mean age 83.47 years) completed the Falls Efficacy Scale-International, the Revised-Ways of Coping Questionnaire, the Turning to Religion subscale of the COPE, and a falls questionnaire. Data were analyzed via mediation analysis using a bootstrapping approach. Lower falls self-efficacy was associated with higher falls incidence, and more self-controlling coping was found to be a partial mediator of this association, with a confidence interval for the indirect effect of (0.003, 0.021) and an effect size of κ2 = 0.035. The association was not mediated by the other measured coping responses; namely, turning to religion, distancing, seeking social support, accepting responsibility, escape-avoidance, planful problem-solving, and positive reappraisal. Self-controlling coping may mediate the association between falls self-efficacy and falling. If longitudinal studies confirm this finding then coping could be targeted in interventions to reduce falls.

Novice programmer’s misconception of programming reflected on problem-solving plans

Understanding the misconception of students is critical in that it identifies the reasons of errors students make and allows instructors to design instructions accordingly. This study investigated the mental models of programming concepts held by pre-service teachers who were novice in programming. In an introductory programming course, students were asked to solve problems that could be solved by utilizing conditional statements. They developed solution plans pseudo-code including a simplified natural language, symbols, diagrams, and so on. Sixteen solution plans of three different types of problems were analyzed. As a result, the students’ egocentric and insufficient programming concepts were identified in terms of the misuse of variables, redundancy of codes, and weak strategic knowledge. The results revealed that the students had difficulty designing solution plans that could be executed by computers. They needed instructional supports to master how to express their solution plans in the way computers run. Problem driven instructional designs for novice students were discussed.

Literatur Reviu Keterampilan Proses Sains sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi

This article aims to describe empirically and theoretically the role of science process skills as a basis for learning high-level thinking skills. Science process skills are skills that are able to answer the demands of learning in accordance with the principles of constructivism related to the nature of science learning which is divided into three categories, namely (1) basic science process skills, (2) intermediate science process skills, and (3) science process skills high. Science process skills are claimed by many experts as the basis for developing high-level thinking skills. Activities such as (1) observation allow a person to be open to inquiry and be sensitive and willing to observe, (2) comparison, (3) classification, (4) measure, (5) communication, (6) inference, (7) prediction , (8) hypotheses, and (9) define and control variables, are activities in science process skills that are indispensable as basic skills to be able to think higher through integration in the learning process. High-level thinking skills such as critical thinking, creative thinking, and problem solving can be built through science learning that emphasizes the process. Critical thinking skills which are reflective processes in analyzing and evaluating information to determine one's beliefs and behavior can be built through creative processes that are lues, flexible, original, and precise in the stages of problem solving identification, planning, implementation and reflection.

COPING STRESS PADA ORANG TUA ANAK DENGAN LEUKEMIA LIMFOSITIK AKUT(ALL)

<p>Cancer is not a contagious disease but can cause death, especially in children. Cancer that primarily affects children is leukemia with the number of about 25 to 30% of all types of cancer that affects all children in Indonesia. Common type of leukemia in children is acute lymphocytic or lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a percentage of 82% and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) by 18%. The role of parents in caring for sick children ALL is not easy, a lot of problems that will occur during the care of children who ALL, either of themselves, their families and the environment. Coping with stress is necessary to handle problems that occur during the care for ALL children. Researchers conducted<br />qualitative research with interviews of five parents who have children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The data obtained showed that the main source of stress experienced came from a family that is the condition of a sick child, then the source of the stress from the environment and self. Symptoms of stress<br />experienced by the whole subject is prolonged fear and sadness. The whole subject S, RS, ME, DM, and NP using problem focused coping that are planful problem solving, seeking social support and coping confrontative. All subjects also use emotion focused coping. The whole subject of S, RS, ME, DM, and NP<br />using self control, accepting responsibility, and positive reappraisal. Only the subject of RS, ME, NP which uses distancing.</p>

К вопросу о возможности аллогенной плацентарной терапии постовариоэктомических проявлений у больных, отягощенных гинекологическим раком, после противоопухолевого лечения

The results of a clinical-psychological prospective examination of 131 patients with cervical cancer, the uterus body and ovaries of stage I-III according to FIGO, reproductive age in total hysterovectomy and radiation suppression of ovaries isolated in three clinical groups are presented: group I - patients after combined and complex special treatment; Group II - patients after combined radiation treatment and group III - patients after combined and complex treatment, therapy of postovariochemical manifestations of which was carried out by traditional therapy. Identification of personal resources of stress-resistance was carried out using the copy-test of R.Lazarus. The intensity of oxidative processes in blood plasma was judged by the content of their carbonyl derivatives, revealed in the reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Results and discussion. For patients in the state of total hysterovarioectomy (groups I and III), the hyperactivity of the strategy Confrontation (76.8% and 76.4%, respectively) and Positive revaluation (67.8% and 72.6%) are a common phenomenon. Constructive strategies; Distant (73.8%) and Acceptance of responsibility (82.5%) are typical for patients of the II group who are in drug and radiation suppression. In the blood of all patients, increased oxidative potential was determined. Significant changes were demonstrated in the analysis of the intensity of induced (metal-catalyzed) OMB: at λ 370 nm and λ 530 nm in group I and group III (p<0.01): the level of oxidation products was significantly lower in the group II patients after SLT. Changes were demonstrated in the analysis of the intensity of induced (metal-catalyzed) OMB. The level of carbonyl groups was significantly lower in the group of patients II after SLT (p<0.01). After the therapy with allogeneic hydrolyzate of the placenta (AHP) with Melsmon of the APEC for 14 weeks, an objective orientation toward a decrease in the oxidative potential in the blood of patients was manifested. The serum level of the end products of OMB had an active decrease in comparison with the similar values in group I at λ 370 nm (1.3 times) and λ 430 nm (1.5 times); p<0.01. At λ 530 nm - groups I decrease by 1.4 times and II decrease by 1.6 times, p<0.01. The level of OMB in induced oxidation demonstrated a pronounced active decrease, especially at λ 530 (p<0.01). The study of induced AMB in the serum of Group III patients with gynecological cancer, the treatment of which was carried out by traditional methods in the PES did not show any statistical differences. In group I patients, the activity of non-constructive strategies is significantly reduced: confrontation (from 76.8% to 54.2%); flight/avoidance (from 64.2% to 38.6%). More actively, patients began to apply resources to constructive distancing strategies (activity increased from 42.4% to 68.3%); planning of problem solving (from 42.8% to 72.4%). The active decrease in the level of the carbonyl products of protein oxidation correlated with the improvement and stabilization of the psychological status in the form of non-constructive coping strategies Confrontation, Escape-avoidance in patients of group I (r=0.379, r=0.437, p<0.001) and group II (r=0.439, r=0.376, p<0.001). Conclusions. 1. In gynecological cancer cases examined in the PES state , there is an intensification of the processes of free radical oxidation of biomolecules. However, in patients with preserved ovaries, the oxidative processes are somewhat reduced. 2. Decrease in the levels of carbonyl oxidation products against the background of Melsmon therapy in patients with gynecological cancer in the state of PES testifies to the possibility of participation of the drug components in antiradical protection. 3. Evaluation of the results of sonographic monitoring of the abdominal and pelvic organs in patients included in the study did not reveal a worsening of the prognosis of the underlying disease against the background of allogeneic placental therapy. 4. Allogeneic placental therapy with Melsmon helps to improve the psychological status of gynecological cancer patients in the form of stress-overcoming.

Resilience, Self-esteem, Academic-stress and Coping Strategies among college students

The objective of the study was to find out if there is any relation among Resilience, Self-esteem, Academic stress sand Coping Strategies. A total of 100 students participated in this study. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires that were randomly distributed to the students. Data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics. It was found out that that there is positive and significant correlation between resilience and various coping strategies. There was significant negative correlation between Academic Stress and Resilience meaning that as academic stress increases the resilience of the students goes down. Moreover, it was found that the resilient individual is able to cope well with adversities and resilient individuals have better self esteem. This research also indicates that people with higher resilience are able to cope better and have higher self-esteem. A correlation among resilience and various coping strategies indicated that there is a significant positive correlation of resilience with self-controlling, seeking social support, confrontive coping, accepting responsibility, positive reappraisal and planful problem solving which shows that highly resilient people tend to use these coping strategies more often.

Coping with Stress in the Forced Repatriation of Unaccompanied Asylum-Seeking Refugee Children among Swedish Police Officers and Social Workers

Police officers and social workers are key actors in the forced repatriation of unaccompanied asylum-seeking refugee children. Police officers are tasked with arranging the children’s departure, whereas social workers are responsible for the children’s well-being during their stay in Sweden. To gain a better understanding of how to handle stressors and cope effectively with forced repatriation work, the current study aimed to describe and compare police officers’ and social workers’ coping strategies for forced repatriation work, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and social support. Nationally distributed surveys to social workers (n = 380) and police officers (n = 714) with and without experience of forced repatriation were used, analyzed by univariate and multivariable regression models. The police officers used more planful problem-solving and self-controlling strategies, whereas the social workers used more escape-avoidance, distancing and positive reappraisal coping. Additionally, social workers with experience in forced repatriation used more planful problem-solving than those without experience. Police officers involved in forced repatriation manage their work stress via adaptive coping strategies and control over the situation, whereas social workers use more maladaptive coping strategies. Concrete tools are needed at the individual level to strengthen key actors’ ability to support the well-being of unaccompanied asylum-seeking refugee children.

Profil Penalaran Siswa SMP dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gender

This research describes reasoning behind gender difference on problem solving. Subject of this reseach are two grade VIII students (male and female). Data in this research was analyzed using time triangulation. The reasoning based on student’s logic. Result of this study indicates that profile of reasoning junior high school students in solving math problems. For male, (1) understanding problems given, (2) linking the problems with the understanding of previously owned, (3) linking understanding possessed by the problems, and (4) conducting re-examination of the results obtained, but for female, (1) understanding the given problem, (2) planning problem solving by linking the formula that has been owned by the problems encountered, (3) implementing a plan of problem solving and reveal the reasons to use the formula, and (4) checking the solution obtained by checking the answer back.

ANALYTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS AT SOCIAL ARITHMETIC IN PROJECT BASED LEARNING IN GRADE 3 SMP ISLAM ATHIRAH BUKIT BARUGA

This research is a descriptive qualitative approach which aims to uncover the problem solving ability of junior high school students in project-based learning. The subjects were students of class VII SMP Islam Athirah 3 Bukit Baruga consisting of 25 people. Indicators of problem-solving ability is revealed in this study were (1) the ability to understand the problem, (2) ability to problem-solving plan, (3) ability to carry out the plan, (4) the ability to re-examine the results obtained. The data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis technique with a deductive approach that consists of four stages: preparation, organization, presentation and assessment data. The results of this study were (1) On the indicator of the ability to understand the problem, the ability of students at the high category. Students have no difficulty in writing down the things that are known and asked although generally not written in detail. (2) On the indicator of the ability to plan penyesaian problem, the ability of students in middle category. In writing the students problem-solving plan looks much trouble, generally after they write things that are known and asked them straight into a stage of problem solving. (3) On the indicator of the ability to implement the plan, the ability of students in middle category. Students at this stage are generally able to perform the settlement in accordance with the procedures and rules applicable although some of them are still mengaalami error in the calculation process determines the final answer. (4) On the indicator of the ability to re-examine the results obtained, the ability of students in middle category. Students do activities to examine the results obtained, but there are some among them who only perform checks on the final result without re-check the correctness of each step and calculations performed

Proses Berpikir Matematis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika di tinjau dari Tipe Kepribadian Keirsey

This study aims to describe the process of mathematical thinking of students in solving mathematical problems in terms of Keirsey's personality type. This research is a qualitative-descriptive research. Research subjects taken are MAN 2 Tulang Bawang Barat class XI students by purposive sampling. Research subjects amounted to 2 people from each personality type. Data collection is done by observation, interview, and documentation. Data validity using technique triangulation. Data analysis techniques used are the concept of Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that each of Keirsey's students in solving mathematical problems was more likely to be a student of a Guardian personality type. In solving mathematical problems begins with the acceptance of information marked by understanding the problem involves knowing what is known (M1), knowing what is being asked (M2), knowing the required requirements in problem solving (M3), as well as making the model of math from the problem with its own understanding (M4). Then proceed with the processing of information marked by implementing the problem-solving plan (R1) and proceed with executing the plan to get the answer (P1), but the steps are not complete. While in rechecking the answer (C1) students do re-check, then in drawing a conclusion (C2), students draw conclusions only on some tests.

PROSES BERPIKIR SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 2 SEMEN KEDIRI BERDASARKAN TAHAP PROSES BERPIKIR SOLSO DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI ADVERSITY QUOTIENT (AQ)

The purposes of the research were to describe (1) Thinking process of climber students grade VII SMPN 2 Semen in problem solving of mathematics. (2) Thinking process of camper students grade VII SMPN 2 Semen in problem solving of mathematics (3) Thinking process of quitter students grade VII SMPN 2 Semen in problem solving of mathematics. The thinking process in this research uses steps of Solso thinking, forming concept, logically, and taking decision. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The subjects in this research are taken by purposive sampling. The subjects of this research are 3 students from grade VII SMPN 2 Semen, they are 1 student of climber type, 1 student of campers type, and 1 student of quitters type. The data collection of this research uses polling and questionaire technic based on duties that is done for comparison material. The legality of data used in this research is triangulation time and using reference sufficience. The technic of data analysis used is Miles and Huberman concept, these are data reduction, giving data and getting conclution. The results of this research show that (1) the thinking process of climber students, in problem solving of mathematics on steps: (a) understanding the problem that have done: (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) taking decision; (b) arranging the plan for problem solving by: (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) taking decision. (c) doing the plan of problem solving by: (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) taking decision. (d) recheck the result by: (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) taking decision; (2) The thinking process of camper students in problem solving of mathematics on steps: (a) understanding the problem by: (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) taking decision. (b) arranging the plan for problem solving by: (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) not taking decision. (c) doing the plan for problem solving, by (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) taking decision. (d) recheck the result by: (i) forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) not taking decision. (3) The thinking process of quitter students in problem solving of mathematics on steps: (a) understanding the problem by, (i) forming concept, (ii) not thinking logically, (iii) can’t take decision. (b) planning for problem soving: (i) not forming concept, (ii) thinking logically, (iii) can’t take decision, (c) can’t run for the probem solving. (d) not rechecking the problem solving. Keywords : thinking process, problem solving, Adversity Quotient (AQ)

Personality, Coping, and Well-Being for People Living with Chronic Hepatitis C.

The present study examined the relationships between personality, coping strategies, and health ratings to extend past research to people living with chronic hepatitis C (HCV). Participants were 35 people (11 men, 24 women; M age = 49.6 yr., SD = 10.6) living with chronic hepatitis C for an average of 9.0 yr. (SD = 6.0) since diagnosis. Participants provided descriptions of stressful situations and responded to a personality inventory, Ways of Coping Questionnaire scales (planful problem solving and escape-avoidance) and SF36 Health Survey scales measuring physical functioning and mental health. The stressful situations were judgmentally clustered into seven dimensions (diagnosis/mortality, disclosure, stigma, social and work role functioning, compounding problems, and no stress). Correlational analyses indicated strong negative relationships between escape-avoidance coping and health measures. Emotional Stability and Extraversion were positively related to both health variables, and Extraversion was negatively related to escape-avoidance coping. The results suggest that research from other contexts that has examined these relationships tended to generalize to people living with HCV.

Coping with Depression in Single Black Mothers

Very little information exists in the literature about what black women do when they experience symptoms of depression. The purpose of this descriptive study was to analyze the responses of 208 community-residing black single mothers, aged 18 to 45, to an open-ended question asking, “What do you do to feel better when you are feeling down in the dumps?” The theoretical bases of the Ways of Coping Checklist, were used to facilitate categorizing their responses into a coping scale and then a particular coping profile. Percentages were used to categorize the frequency of the responses into the respective coping scale and to categorize the frequency of the combined responses of each woman into a respective coping profile. Of the 333 responses that the women provided, 327 were useable. Findings indicated that a majority of responses fell into the Escape-Avoidance category (n = 206; 63%), followed by the Seeking Social Support (n = 60, 18.3%), Positive Reappraisal (n = 40; 12.2%), Planful Problem Solving (n = 12; 3.7%), Distancing (n = 3; 1%), and Self-Controlling (n = 6; 1.8%) categories. No responses fit the Confrontive Coping or Accepting Responsibility categories and none of the responses indicated that the women sought professional help. Of the 176 women who provided answers to the study question, more than half (64.2%; n = 113) gave only emotion-focused responses, 2.8% (n = 5) gave only problem-focused responses, 2.8% (n = 5) gave mixed responses, and 30.2% (n = 53) reported social support seeking. Implications for future research, cultural theory, and nursing practice are addressed.

Role of Coping Strategies as an Arbitrator between Employee Psychological Stress and Work-Life Conflict

Work-life conflict nowadays becomes major debate in perspective of both employee and organization because of the increased stress in the highly competitive milieu. Earlier empirical researches done with respect to antecedents of work-life, work-life balance policies, impact of long working hours and work overload. Lot of empirical research evidence shows that perceived stress predict increase in work-life conflict which in turn leads to decrease in terms of work-life balance. In this researcher examine the arbitrator role of 8 coping strategies (Confrontive Coping, Distancing, Self-Controlling, Seeking Social Support, Accepting Responsibility, Escape-Avoidance, Planful Problem Solving and Positive Reappraisal) with that of work-life conflict. The primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among 347 respondents. The study revealed that coping strategy plays a major role as an arbitrator in accomplishing Work-life balance and employee stress level reduction.

Coping strategies and socio-demographic characteristics among Jordanian caregivers of patients receiving hemodialysis.

Individuals who care for family members receiving chronic hemodialysis (HD) are likely to experience burdens that may adversely impact their patients. Effective coping strategies are shaped by various factors, including sociodemographic characteristics. To assess the relationship between caregivers and their patients, we studied 225 family-member caregivers of chronic HD patients through answering the Ways of Coping Questionnaire-Revised. Sociodemographic data, including caregiver age, gender, educational level, relationship to the patients, length of care time and weekly hours of caregiving were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance and least-significant difference post hoc test. Of the eight coping strategies investigated, seven were significantly related to at least one of the analyzed sociodemographic variables; these were confrontive coping, distancing, self-controlling, seeking social support, accepting responsibility, planful problem solving and positive reappraisal. The findings of the present study may be useful for administering dialysis by nurses for identifying coping strategies among caregivers and for establishing plans of care that would promote coping strategies in relation to the caregiver's sociodemographic characteristics.