Use Of Planning Research Articles

Economic evaluation of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) using hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) software—a case study of rural India

Abstract This paper unveils a sustainable energy plan for optimal utilization of available electrical energy resources for an energy-deficient village. The chosen village is Nangal, near Barnala, Punjab, India. Primarily, the requirements of electric energy are recorded and elaborated for around 450 households. Aiming this, the potential to harness electric power and its effective utilization has been identified from the available resources of energy: biomass, agriculture waste and solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. In order to achieve this, a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) model is proposed whose performance is evaluated by implementing it in hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) software. HOMER software provides optimal solution for a commercial biogas plant for catering cooking gas demand. Also, a coordinated solution for solar PV-operated water pumps used for irrigation, village water supply and solar PV street lights is presented and analyzed. In this way, the accurateness of proposed model is investigated by estimating the optimal electric power demand and its economic benefits. It has been revealed that the computed cost of energy and total net present cost are $0.032/KWh and $76,837, respectively, by the parametric assessment of proposed HRES system. It is envisaged that the proposed model can be a road map for future research engineers in designing an effective energy utilization for villages.

Investigating the impact of renewable energy, international trade, tourism, and foreign direct investment on carbon emission in developing as well as developed countries.

Our research examined the renewable energy consumption, foreign direct investment, international trade, and tourism impact on carbon dioxide discharge using system GMM, FMOLS, and DOLS models in selected developed countries of Europe and developing countries of Asia Pacific of the global employment for a period spanning 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that foreign direct investment and tourism comprise a positive affiliation with carbon discharge. Simultaneously, renewable energy utilization with international trade significantly negatively relates to carbon emissions in developed countries. On the other hand, renewable energy consumption, tourism, and global trade play an essential role in increased carbon emissions. Still, carbon dioxide emission decreases by foreign direct investment in developed countries. It is discovered that with long-run estimators, the long-run relationship of variables through carbon discharge in developed and developing countries. The study findings are considered useful in future planning of renewable energy utilization, FDI, tourism policies, and trade openness to improve ecological excellence.

Long-Term Care Expectations and Plans of Transgender and Nonbinary Older Adults.

Transgender and nonbinary (TNB) older adults endure discrimination from medical providers and expect it in institutional long-term care. Gender identity-based discrimination is connected to negative health outcomes and reluctance to access needed care. The aim of this study is to explore how gender identity affects TNB older adults' fears, hopes, and plans for use of institutional long-term care. Co-investigators conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 TNB older adults in Minnesota, collaboratively analyzed the results using reflexive thematic analysis, and member-checked emergent themes. Oppression is central to participants' consideration of future long-term care. They fear mistreatment and loss of authentic gender expression and recognition in long-term care facilities. Fears of oppression factor into consideration of suicide and physical transition, although some participants hope societal shifts will lead to unbiased long-term care. Creation of anti-oppressive institutional and community-based long-term care options is critical to effectively serve TNB people as they age into dependence.

Advantages and disadvantages of targeted therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

With the recent understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis at the cellular and molecular levels, as well as the rapid progress of biotechnology, targeted therapies have been developed and used since 2000. Starting with the development of biological products, which were early targeted therapeutics, small molecule inhibitors have recently been developed that target Janus kinase, a signaling molecule for intracellular inflammatory cytokines. The use of targeted therapies has dramatically improved the treatment outcomes and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis. However, there is still concern around long-term safety of drugs and the rise in the economic burden on individuals and society due to the high price of biological products and Janus kinase inhibitors. To use those targeted therapeutics efficiently to ensure that suitable patients can fully benefit, both a multidisciplinary approach and the collaboration of experts are required. From the patient’s perspective, it is necessary to develop a system of patient’ education and to support shared decision-making between patients and physician. From the perspective of medical personnel, it is necessary to ensure the autonomy of experts. In addition, from a socio-economic viewpoint, it is necessary to adjust drug prices and review biosimilar utilization plans to reduce medical costs. The expanding use of these drugs among rheumatoid arthritis patients will eventually lead to greater social benefits by reducing disability among patients, facilitating their economic activity, and improving their quality of life. However, it is time to discuss their appropriate selection and safe long-term use with well-trained experts.

Railway Capacity Enhancement with Modern Signalling Systems – A Literature Review

In times of ever stronger awareness of environmental protection and potentiation of a beneficial modal split, the railway sector with efficient asset utilization and proper investment planning has the highest chance of meeting customer expectations and attracting new users more effectively. Continuous increase in railway demand leads to an increase in the utilization of railway infrastructure, and the inevitable lack of capacity, a burning problem that many national railways are continually facing. To address it more effectively, this paper reviews available methodologies for railway capacity determination and techniques for its enhancement in the recent scientific literature. Particular focus is given to the possibility of increasing railway capacity through signalling systems and installing the European Train Control System (ETCS). The most important relationships with segments of existing research have been identified, and in line with this, the directions for a potential continuation of research are suggested.

The Effects of Computerized Versus Collaborative Professional Development on Teachers’ and Students’ Performance Related to the Concept Anchoring Routine

Two studies investigated the effects of a live, collaborative Professional Development (PD) program versus individualized PD with a multimedia software program. For both studies, teachers were randomly assigned to either a Virtual Workshop (VW) group that used the software program or to an Actual Workshop (AW) group that participated in a face-to-face workshop that included collaborative activities. The same teaching routine, the Concept Anchoring Routine, was taught to the teachers in both studies. In Study 1, teachers’ scores on a knowledge test about the routine and written plans for using the routine significantly improved from pretest to posttest in both groups. The groups’ posttest scores were not significantly different. Similarly, in Study 2, both groups’ posttest scores with regard to their knowledge of the routine, their written plans for use of the routine, and their implementation of the routine in their classes were significantly higher than their baseline scores. There were no differences between the teacher groups after training. The posttest knowledge scores of the whole groups of students being taught by both groups of teachers were also significantly higher than their pretest scores. Similar significant results were achieved by the students with LD. Moreover, the whole groups of students of VW teachers earned significantly higher posttest scores than the whole groups of students of AW teachers. Both teacher groups were satisfied with the training they received and with the routine. The students of both groups were satisfied with the way their teachers used the routine to help them learn.

User Matching System for Activating Sports Tourism Based on Hybrid App

In this paper, we propose a user matching app based on hybrid app and a utilization plan to promote sports tourism in line with the growing trend of sports industry scale. The proposed app categorizes sports facilities across the country into regional, sports, private and public sports facilities to support reservations and matching. The proposed app applied a matching system in which matching scores were given according to the preference of events, places, and users by user net matching algorithm. Users can enjoy sports as a team or individual through the suggestion app even if they do not have any clubs or friends to which they belong. It can be used to improve tourism content services and establish tourism industry policies by analyzing data generated while using a user matching system.

A novel machine learning based identification of potential adopter of rooftop solar photovoltaics

With the proliferation of rooftop solar photovoltaic installations, there is a need to proactively predict consumer potential for solar photovoltaic adoption, for improved electric utility planning and operation. Traditional analytical modeling approaches are limited to a few survey features and a larger part of the survey would remain untouched by the decision model. This article presents a novel, data-driven modeling approach that strategically prunes a large set of consumer profile features using a machine learning framework to train a model for predicting potential solar adoption. The approach utilizes the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree model through a Light Gradient Boosting framework that improves significantly over the poor prediction accuracy of the existing approaches. Model training using focal-loss based supervision is used to overcome the difficulty in identifying the potential adopters that is inherent in conventional data-driven models. In addition, to overcome possible data sparsity in a limited survey sample, a Generative Adversarial Network is presented to create synthetic user samples and its effectiveness on model performance is assessed. A Bayesian optimization approach is used to systematically arrive at the hyperparameters of the proposed model. Validation of the presented approach on a survey data collected by the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association in Virginia in 2018 demonstrates the excellent predictive capability of the machine learning based approach to modeling solar adoption reliably.

Priority Based Hybrid Renewable Energy Model for J K

This paper presents energy requirements of J&K state of India with the present policies and future planning for the best utilization of the available resources. There will be acceleration in the future developmental graph in the country like India resulting in bulk of the energy demand. The procedures and methods applied currently adopted in renewable field aims for exploring possible energy production while considering the environmental impact. The hilly region such as J&K and Ladakh region has tremendous amount of renewable energy potential. The presentation of this paper aims the cost analysis of hybrid power system in the region. For optimization and sensitivity analysis, HOMER pro version 3.23.8 is used. The renewable resources for selected area are analyzed in Global Solar atlas (GSA) and Global wind atlas (GWA) and the result is compared with the meteorological tower data set. The modeling of the hybrid system is purposed on a 10% of load variability and as a result of the study, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) from the hybrid system is obtained 0.0466 USD/kWh which will be 30 to 50 percent cheaper than the price of electricity from conventional system.

Architectural practice education and space utilization plan in the post-covid 19 era-in case of chungbuk national university department of architecture

As COVID 19 spreads rapidly around the world in December 2019, social discussions are actively underway in architecture and urban fields to respond to a changed society, and educational facilities are responding to the spread of sensitivity through space use and movement control. In order to conservatively control infectious diseases, controlling the use of physical space was the most reliable method, but the strength and limitations of non-face-to-face classes began to become clear in architecture education due to physical restrictions for one year. For the efficient use of architectural educational spaces in the post-COVID 19 era, it is necessary to prepare a plan for use according to the social distancing stage. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the areas suitable for online space and the areas in which physical spaces should be used in architectural education, and then derive a plan that can effectively utilize the physical education space according to the social distancing stage. Interviews and surveys were conducted with 99 students and instructors in the Department of Architecture at Chungbuk National University, and through IPA analysis, it was intended to derive problems and utilization plans for architectural education after the COVID 19. As a result of the study, the problem of communication was one of the biggest problems in the practical education, and in the use of the practice space, the satisfaction of the process requiring physical space was the lowest. Therefore, the computer-related architectural practice education can be converted into an online space and used, and the existing computer room is divided into partitions to form a space dedicated to design class critique. In addition, three desk arrangement plans were suggested to respond to the spread of COVID 19 while focusing on communication through the rearrangement of the desks in the design room. This study is limited to the practice space of the Department of Architecture, Chungbuk National University, and the research is limited to students and instructors. It will be a study. © 2021 Architectural Institute of Korea.

A Study on the Effect of Small-scale Redevelopment of Undersized Parcels in Old Residential Areas and Utilization Plans through the Core-Sharing - Focused on Changsin and Sungin Urban Regeneration Areas -

A Study on the Effect of Small-scale Redevelopment of Undersized Parcels in Old Residential Areas and Utilization Plans through the Core-Sharing - Focused on Changsin and Sungin Urban Regeneration Areas -

Prediction of Impending Drought Scenarios Based on Surface and Subsurface Parameters in a Selected Region of Tropical Queensland, Australia

Droughts occur in all climatic regions around the world costing a large expense to global economies. Reasonably accurate prediction of drought events helps water managers proper planning for utilization of limited water resources and distribution of available waters to different sectors and avoid catastrophic consequences. Therefore, a means to create a simplistic approach for forecasting drought conditions with easily accessible parameters is highly desirable. This study proposes and evaluates newly developed accurate prediction models utilizing various hydrologic, meteorological, and geohydrology parameters along with the use of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models with various forecast lead times. The present study develops a multitude of forecasting models to predict drought indices such as the Standard Precipitation Index with a lead-time of up to 6 months, and the Soil Moisture Index with a lead-time of 3 months. Furthermore, prediction models with the capability of approximating surface and groundwater storage levels including the Ross River Dam level have been developed with relatively high accuracy with a lead-time of 3 months. The results obtained from these models were compared to current values, revealing that ANN based approach can be used as a simple and effective predictive model that can be utilized for prediction of different aspects of drought scenarios in a typical study area like Townsville, North Queensland, Australia which had suffered severe recent drought conditions for almost six recent years (2014 to early 2019).

Why individual electric utilities cannot achieve 100 % clean energy

Establishing 100 % clean electricity goals is currently in vogue.11The term “clean” energy includes all resources that do not emit greenhouse gases (GHG). To-date in the United States (US), 19 large utilities, nearly 210 cities, and 150 corporations have established such an ambitious target.22S. Ptacek with A. Levin, “Race to 100% Clean”, Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), December 2, 2020, available at:https://www.nrdc.org/resources/race-100-clean. The authors are very supportive of the concept for addressing climate change. But with possibly only a few unique exceptions of which the authors are not aware, such a goal is currently physically and economically impossible unless certain policies and practices are changed.The term “Useful” clean energy refers to that amount of hourly clean energy supply that matches hourly customer electric load. In that regard, electric utility planners seeking 100 % clean energy are between a proverbial rock and a hard place. The rock is the fact that renewable energy is intermittent and non-dispatchable. The hard place is customer load, which, but for marginal adjustments with utility demand management, happens when customers want it to happen. Neither are sufficiently controllable by the utility to assure that supply exactly meets demand as required.Every utility has a hypothetical “inflection point” where increasing high levels of renewables begin to exceed hourly load and must be turned down or otherwise curtailed. Doing this wastes renewables investment. Further increases in renewable energy installations within or near the utility, whether grid-level or distributed, only increase this mismatch. As a result, diminishing returns for Useful energy increase as renewables increase.This article provides examples for four electric utilities in the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) market. All of them have inflection points. All of them would “stall out” in Useful energy when renewable energy reach levels at about 60 %–80 % of their annual load (equivalent to a Renewable Energy Standard (RES) or Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)).The cost of attaining levels of renewable energy higher than the “inflection point” gets very expensive for the utility retail customers as more local renewables are added. In addition to illustrating the issue, the authors propose potential solutions.

On the Planning Methods for Sustainable and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources in the Green Ecological Urban Area:An Empirical Study on a Green Ecological Urban Area in Jiangsu, China

The study on comprehensive utilization planning of urban water resources for sustainable development is one of the important contents of urban green ecological adaptive development and construction. The sustainable water system in the green ecological urban area has to make systematic analysis and overall planning of various elements of urban water system. From the perspective of urban water supply, water use, drainage, flood control and drainage and comprehensive utilization of water resources that require organic coordination, this paper forms systematic planning methods combining the computing method for water environmental carrying capacity with the construction of a capacity control model for water resources in the green ecological urban area. With the proposed strategic measures for the sustainable and comprehensive utilization of water resources in the green ecological urban area, this paper aims to achieve high quality and efficient water ecology, water security and water environment and eventually realize the organic coordination of nature and artificial system as well as the harmonious development between man and nature.

Verification Process of Data Combination for Problem-solving: A Case of a Residential Area Selection System

Expectations for new businesses and research and development that combine data and technologies from different fields have risen, owing to the global trend of big data and artificial intelligence technology. Under these circumstances, a massive amount of data can be accumulated and reused; value creation through data exchange has been attracting attention as a new source of innovation. However, there is a large gap between the data utilization plan and problem solving using actual data. There are different evaluation indicators and issues to be overcome at each stage of the development process: generation of data utilization plans, collection of actual data, data analysis, and implementation. In this study, we verified the feasibility of a data utilization plan created at the Innovators Marketplace on Data Jackets, a workshop-style forum for discussing data combinations. We set the theme of “indicator formulation for selecting residential areas,” which is an urgent issue in city planning and urban development, as a use case. The demonstration experiment of data combination that was conducted over half a year, the realization process, and the issues considered at each development phase are discussed. This case study is expected to be useful for future innovation creation through interdisciplinary data collaboration.

贵州草海湿地越冬黑颈鹤觅食地与农耕地的空间关系研究

贵州草海湿地是世界上最大的黑颈鹤东部种群越冬地之一。黑颈鹤在草海越冬期极其依赖农耕地觅食存活，但当地人鸟争地冲突严重、觅食地萎缩加剧。为此，运用空间点格局分析及缓冲区叠加分析，探究黑颈鹤觅食地与农耕地空间关联性，并精确确定出重点保护管理区域，结果表明：1）研究期间，两年共在草海湿地周边农地确定黑颈鹤觅食点216处，其中家庭鹤觅食地99处、集群鹤觅食地117处，越冬种群中83%的个体依赖农耕区觅食；2）区域尺度上，家庭鹤与集群鹤的觅食点分布均为聚集分布，但集群鹤觅食点聚集程度较家庭鹤更高；觅食地与农耕地在空间聚类上呈正相关关系，并在3.2 km距离尺度下聚类程度最高；3）基于空间关联性，通过缓冲区叠加分析，共确定最适宜的农地觅食地53.74 km²，并划定2处重点核心保护区域及2处次重核心保护区域范围。研究结果对于揭示区域尺度上黑颈鹤觅食地与农耕地空间关系，指导保护管理者加强重点区域管理，以及对区域土地利用规划和缓解人鸟争地矛盾，具有重要的理论与实践意义。;The overwintering site is the key period that affects the population dynamics of migratory birds, and the quality of overwintering habitat plays an important role in the survival of the overwintering population. The Black-necked Crane is rated on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (VU) and is also a national first-class protected wildlife in China. It is the only crane among the 15 known species that lives on the plateau all year round. Caohai Wetland is located in the Guizhou Plateau, and it is the largest overwintering site for the Black-necked Crane worldwide. During the wintering period in the Caohai Wetland, the survival of Black-necked Cranes (Grus nigricollis) heavily depends on the farmland due to their foraging activities. However, there is a very fierce competition between humankind and cranes for the local land, which has led to an increased shrinkage of foraging habitats. By using the spatial point pattern analysis and overlay analysis on the buffer zone, this research aims to explore the correlation between the foraging habitats of Black-necked Crane and farmland, as well as precisely determine the key protection and administrative areas. The results are as follows:1) During the research period of two years (2016-2017, 2017-2018), a total of 216 foraging habitats of the Black-necked Crane were discovered in the surrounding farmlands at the Caohai Wetland. Among these habitats, 99 were foraging habitats of family groups and 117 were foraging habitats of flocking groups. Importantly, about 83% of the cranes depended on the farmland for foraging during the wintering period. 2) In terms of regional scale, the foraging habitats distribution of family groups and flocking groups were both aggregated; however, the aggregation degree of flocking groups was higher than that of the family groups. The foraging habitats and farmland were positively correlated in terms of spatial clustering and demonstrated a maximum clustering degree at the distance of 3.2 km. 3) Based on the spatial association, via the overlay analysis on the buffer zone, a total of 53.74 km² of farmlands were confirmed as the most suitable foraging habitats. Additionally, two primary core protection zonesand two secondary core protection zones were also delineated. The results have important theoretical and practical significance as they assist in revealing the spatial relationship between the foraging habitats and farmland at a regional scale, guiding the protection administrators to enhance administration on key zones and improving the regional land utilization planning and mitigation of land competition between humankind and cranes.

Challenges of Data Protection and Security in Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing is online standard that permits a pool of pooled assets to be gotten to effectively on request and pay more only as costs arise. It alludes to the hidden foundation of a developing assistance arrangement modular that, joined with an on – request provisioning framework dependent on a compensation for each utilization plan of action, enjoys the benefit of limiting expense by sharing figuring and capacity assets. Distributed computing offers a nearly ease, adaptable, designation free system for information preparing of clients. There are numerous advantages and few security challenges. In a multi-inhabitant world, this paper talks about the various information assurance worries in distributed computing and recommends way to deal with tackle security issues and investigates information insurance. It's an examination about cloud information and part of security identified with it. To get ideal information security by decreasing dangers and dangers, the paper would really expound on strategies and methods for information security utilized across the globe. The accessibility of cloud information is worthwhile to various applications, neverthless has dangers through openness of data for applications that could beforehand hold wellbeing weaknesses in them. It lessens the over top of the sweeping structure marinating association, yet it moreover has related dangers and risks that fuse protection, data spillage, unreliable interface and resource sharing and inside attacks. It intends to assessments and survey the most capable data protection security frameworks in dispersed figuring. In the cloud, the information is exchanged among the laborer and customer. Cloud security is the current trade in the IT world. There is parcel of strategies for information insurance execution, the one which has been evaluated in this paper is Data Security Using Encryption. This examination paper helps in getting the information without affecting the system layers and shielding the information from unapproved fragments into the specialist, the information is gotten in laborer thinking about clients' decision of wellbeing method so information is given high secure need. Dispersed registering has been picked as the cutting edge advancement showing of IT Enterprise.

Automation and Common Utilization Plans of Job and Organization Analysis of Producing Institutions

Automation and Common Utilization Plans of Job and Organization Analysis of Producing Institutions

Apparatus and Process for Energy Self-sustainable and High-yield Conversion of Acid Gases (H <sub>2</sub>S and CO <sub>2</sub>) to Syngas

H2S and CO2 are two well-known emissions with cumbersome management and not yet established bulk utilization plans. The invention converts H2S and CO2 in syngas and, as the only by-products, elemental sulphur and water through a dedicated (i) Regenerative Thermal Reactor (RTR) and (ii) Acid Gas to Syngas (AG2S) process layout thanks to the overall reaction: 2 H2S + CO2 = H2 + CO + S2 + H2O. The reaction is globally endothermic, but it can be energetically supplied in situ thanks to a minor injection of oxygen/air. The oxygen injection generates the exothermic reaction S + O2 = SO2 in an appropriate amount to achieve and preserve the optimal conversion temperature. The SO2 generated for energy sustainability is therefore converted within the process layout. The once-through conversion is 75%v for the H2S and 60%v for the CO2. The unreacted reactants are split from the syngas and by-products and recycled upstream for complete conversion. The invention is the first process utilizing no sources, either bio or fossil, but only emissions to generate syngas and, hence, hydrogen. Two moles of syngas are obtained every three moles of emissions, also achieving the total neutralization of H2S and a relevant cut of CO2. Technology development has reached the industrialization level. The laboratory testing has been developed in Politecnico di Milano, at the facilities of the Centre for Sustainable Process Engineering Research (SuPER); the bench-scale tests have been performed at the Sotacarbo Sustainable Energy Centre SpA facilities and the industrial application is just started in Itelyum Regeneration Srl, an eco-refinery for exhausted oil recovery.

“人与自然和谐共生”思想下的浮来山地质遗迹保护与利用规划方案研究

“人与自然和谐共生”思想下的浮来山地质遗迹保护与利用规划方案研究