Physical Spheres Research Articles

Quality of life for teenagers with social deprivation.

Background. Social instability, crisis «social neglect» and «social isolation» in teenagers is relevant because it impaired mental health and forms psychical disadaptation. All this thinks determines this investigate.
 Purpose. To investigate quality of life in socially depressed teenagers.
 Materials and methods. The results of experimental psychological research 100 teenagers with social depression and clinic-psychopathological, statistical methods was used.
 Results. The result of research quality of life in teenagers with social depressed was next : the most vulnerable for biological and social orphans was psychological and physical sphere, and for teenagers with social-maternal, socio-psychological and family depressed was environment and relationship.
 Conclusion. Socio-economic, medico-psychological factors have led to impairment quality of life in lest protected people – teenagers.

THE ADVANCED DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS OF ULTRALIGHT DETECTOR MODULES FOR PHYSICAL EXPERIMENTS

One of the main tasks of improving the informative value of the experiments of high energy physics is to reduce the mass of matter in the detection volume to ensure reducing a probable impact on the parameters of particles under study. At the same time, the informative value of a research is planned to be increased, namely, the solvability of such studies, which, in turn, leads to a significant increase in information flows and the speed of data transmission and processing. The above-mentioned main tasks of improving available experiments and creating new ones in the sphere of physics can be solved due to the development of new design and technological solutions for detector modules, which are the basic cell of modern detection systems of international physics experiments. The constructive and technological approaches to creating detector modules mainly determine the fact whether the mass of the material and the speed of the entire detector system meet the set requirements. The above requirements while creating detector modules can be met if advanced semiconductor sensitive elements (sensors) and multi-layer switching elements with aluminium conductive layers are used. The subject matter of this study is the technology of creating detector modules with the low level of material mass in the detection volume using the advanced thin semiconductor element base. The goal of this work is to create and study ultra-light detector modules and their prototypes at high data transmission rates (over 1 Gbit/s). In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks are to be solved: the advanced HV-MAPS semiconductor sensors should be studied; the material of switching elements should be selected and this selection should be justified; the structure and technology for the detector modules assembly should be chosen. According to the results of the selection of the optimal method for the electrical interconnection of the module components, namely the assembly technology, the constructive and technological requirements for detector modules for the Mu3e experiment should be analyzed; the analysis will determine the structure and composition of the module. Taking into account the above design features, selected materials and technologies for selecting good materials and verifying this selection as well as the assembly technology, the mechanical experimental model of the detector module for Mu3e experiment and the prototype of an ultra-light multi-layer flexible board should be developed and made for studying the impact of signal transmission at speeds over 1 Gbit/s. Conclusions: when performing the work, the experimental models of detector modules and test multi-layer boards were developed, manufactured and studied; these models proved the expected results. The obtained results of studying the manufactured models make further work possible for using these approaches while creating innovative detector modules not only for Mu3e experiment but also for experiments with similar strict requirements for minimizing material mass in the detection volume and high speed of signal transmission, for example, upgrading/improving ATLAS experiment at Large Hadron Collider at CERN.

Efekty hipoterapii. Przegląd aktualnych doniesień (2013–2017)

ABSTRAKTWstęp: Hipoterapia jest ważną metodą usprawniania osób z problemami natury zarówno psychicznej, jak i fizycznej. Oddziałuje ona w trzech podstawowych sferach funkcjonowania człowieka. W sferze fizycznej podnosi ogólną sprawność, normalizuje napięcie mięśniowe, toruje prawidłowy wzorzec chodu, poprawia koordynację zdolności motorycznych, w tym głównie równowagi i poczucia rytmu. Poprawia orientację w przestrzeni i schemacie własnego ciała oraz stymuluje normalizację czucia głębokiego i powierzchniowego. W sferze emocjonalno-motywacyjnej powoduje wzrost motywacji i akceptacji procesu terapeutycznego. Zwiększa poczucie własnej wartości i zmniejsza zaburzenia emocjonalne. W obrębie strefy poznawczej stymuluje odbiór wrażeń zmysłowych. Poprawia percepcję wzrokową i słuchową. Stymuluje uwagę, pamięć, myślenie, mowę oraz nabywanie i rozwijanie nowych umiejętności. Natomiast w strefie społecznej aktywizuje psychospołecznie i rozwija pozytywne relacje społeczne.Coraz częściej bada się efekty stosowania hipoterapii u dzieci i dorosłych z różnymi dolegliwościami. Badania te prowadzone są różnymi metodami i przynoszą odmienne wyniki. Celem niniejszej pracy był przegląd aktualnych doniesień z obrębu recenzowanych czasopism naukowych o zasięgu międzynarodowym dotyczących badań nad efektywnością terapii z udziałem konia.Wyniki i wnioski: Wyłoniono 13 publikacji z lat 2013–2017 spełniających kryteria wyszukiwania. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że najlepsze efekty osiągane są w zakresie usprawniania motorycznego, głównie w zakresie poprawy równowagi, postawy, chodu oraz komunikacji i percepcji społecznej.

Violence and resistance: Joyce Lussu’s minority revolution in trans-lation

This article explores the theme of violence in the autobiographical work of Joyce Salvadori Lussu, an Italian partisan, political activist, writer and translator, who experienced many wars and violent conflicts throughout her life: the Great War; the Second World War; the anti-imperialistic struggles; and the protests of 1968. As a premise, the author will reconsider the philosophical notions of violence and force in relation to the concept of resistance, by first situating all these categories within a physical sphere. Second, the author proposes a rethinking of the subject of violence from a female perspective, by studying Joyce Lussu’s theoretical discourse about women and war. Therefore, through the analysis of images of violence gathered from Lussu’s literary work, the author interprets the essential role of women as ‘resistants’ as well as bearers of pacifist values. Finally, the author uses the category of minority revolution, inspired by Deleuze and Guattari, to underline Lussu’s political commitment on the side of renegades through her activity as a translator of minor literature. The methodological perspective adopted aims at challenging the contemporary domination of the anti-humanist discourse, by endorsing the secular values of Humanism, reemerged and theorized in Italy between the 1930s and 1960s.

Multiparity in Adolescents: Family and Sociocultural Factors

INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a unique period of rapid growth and development in girls, that mixes the physical, emotional and social spheres of childhood and adulthood. It starts with the changes of puberty and ends when an autonomous young adult emerges.OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors related to multiparity in a certain vicinity of Cartagena, Colombia.METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional and exploratory study, consisting of 207 adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years residing in locality 2 in Cartagena.RESULTS: The average age of the adolescents surveyed was 18.32 years. It was found that teenagers’ will to have 2 children (with respect to having 3) is lower (in 0.175) in girls with an educational level higher than primary school. When a family is moderate in giving orders or rules, the chance of a teen to have 2 children instead of 3 is 3.95 times higher than in those families that are not moderate. When planning the first pregnancy, the desire of adolescents to have a second child and not a third is 17.607 higher these girls that had unplanned first in those in which their first pregnancy was not planned. Whereas in pregnancies due to the misuse of contraceptives, the probability of not conceiving a third child is 3.7 times higher than those who became pregnant for a different reason. Adolescents who attended prenatal controls have a preference of 0.021 for having 4 or more children instead of 3, with respect to those who do not attend.CONCLUSIONS: A series of family and sociocultural factors were identified in this study, that relate to multiparity in adolescents. The family is the core unit of health and the ideal entity to convey protective factors.

СЛОЖНЫЕ СЛУЧАИ ПЕРЕВОДА АНГЛИЙСКИХ ТЕРМИНОВ В ОБЛАСТИ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ МОЛЕКУЛЫ ДНК

The article considers the complex cases of terms translation in the sphere of mathematical modeling of a DNA molecule. The main problem is the lack of specialized dictionaries on this topic. In the work, the author has found the Russian equivalents for 12 word combinations, which caused difficulties for the translator. The translation was carried out with the help of the Russian-English and explanatory dictionaries, as well as articles with similar topics. It should be mentioned that the translation used a visualization technique that helps to understand the meaning of the term. The list of translated words is useful to specialists in the sphere of theoretical physics, biophysics, and it needs to be expanded.

Operacje mózgu w świecie fantastyki i filmu

<p>Poszukując zbieżności pomiędzy nauką a humanistyką, rzeczywistością a tekstem kultury, Autorka analizuje trzy relacje epickie dotyczące operacji mózgu i ich filmowe adaptacje: <em>Wyspę doktora Moreau, Psie serce, Biohazard</em>. Układ tekstów pozwala zestawić rzeczywistość medyczną (opisaną m.in. przez Jürgena Thorwalda) ze sferą fantastyki, przestrzeń literacką z przekazem filmowym. Pozwala również zastanowić się nad ciągłością kultury, gdzie pokazy anatomiczne – popularne w wiekach dawnych, stały się tematem malarskim, a następnie ważnym toposem kulturowym. Operacja mózgu wykreowana w manierze fantastycznej pozwala twórcom wejść w sferę metafizyczną, uzmysławia, jak trudno oddzielić sferę mentalną i fizyczną, W filmowej adaptacji <em>Biohazardu</em> artefakt mózgu zastąpiony zostaje efektami metakinematografii, kino zaczyna wyrażać umysł w nowy sposób, staje się medium współczesnej filozofii.</p>

Quality of Life and the Degree of Disease Acceptance In Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia

Introduction. Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) belong to a group of rare genetic diseases. They are characterized by the multiplicity of symptoms, of which the most characteristic is limb ataxia and dysarthria. The disease progresses over time, leading to severe disability. So far an effective method of treating SCA has not been invented.Aim. The main purpose was to analyze the quality of life and the level of disease acceptance in patients with SCA.Material and Methods. The study included 70 patients with the average duration of SCA of approximately 13 years. The age of patients ranged from 26 to 81 years (mean 50±10 years). All participants were examined using the Acceptance Illness Scale (AIS) and the Health Survey (SF-36). Statistically significant differences in the degree of disease acceptance were observed in patients who differed in terms of education level and gender.Results. In the physical sphere, women assessed their life quality more favorably than men (p=0.040), however, men declared better scores in bodily pain (p=0.017). It was observed that, in the sphere of mental health, men were more peaceful, and women were believed in deterioration of their health condition (p=0.039). Patients with SCA exhibit a very low level of both, disease acceptance and the quality of life. Women worse than men accept the disease, and they feel useless more often. The higher level of disease acceptance is shown by patients with higher education than those with vocational education. An interpersonal relationships get worse, especially among men, however, women often feel useless. Patients with SCA rate their life quality very low.Conclusions. It is necessary to educate patients, their caregivers, medical staff in order to develop desirable health behaviors. Understanding this rare disease will help improve the quality of life and therefore will improve the level of disease acceptance. (JNNN 2018;7(1):12–21)

Предиктори погіршення якості життя, що пов’язано зі здоров’ям в оперованих і неоперованих дорослих із вродженою патологією серця

Вступ. Первинний діагноз відповідає ступеню тяжкості вродженої патології, але не відображає функціональні клінічні показники, якість життя, що пов’язана зі здоров’ям (ЯЖПЗ) дорослих із вродженою вадою серця (ВВС).
 Матеріали і методи. У роботу включено 456 дорослих з ВВС (чоловіків 49,3%, жінок 50,7%). Тяжкість ВВС та стану пацієнта оцінювали з використанням 6 шкал, показників якості життя, що повۥязані зі здоровۥям (ЯЖПЗ) – відповідних опитувальників.
 Результати та обговорення. Переважній більшості пацієнтів (n=321; 70,4%) попередньо виконували хірургічні втручання (n=218; 67,9%). Аналіз взаємозв’язків між показниками тяжкості ВВС та шкалами ЯЖПЗ (методом рангової кореляції Спірмена) показав помірний кореляційний зв’язок (r від –0,53 до +0,42) між шкалами, що відповідають індексу здатності, функціональному індексу ВВС, ступеня серцевої недостатності (СН) та ЯЖПЗ. Доведено значний достовірний вплив зниженої сатурації О2 на показники ЯЖПЗ за даними Мінесотського опитувальника (r=–0,38), фізичного складника SF-36: показників фізичного функціонування (r=–0,37), загального стану здоров'я (r=–0,31) та підсумкового показника фізичного компонента здоров’я (r=–0,38); сфери фізичного здоров’я за даними скороченої версії опитувальника ВООЗ (r=–0,34) (p < 0,01).
 Висновки. Предикторами погіршення ЯЖПЗ у таких хворих виявлені обмеження фізичної активності в повсякденному житті, неможливість бути зайнятим на роботі чи навчанні повний день. Пацієнти з ціанозом мали знижені показники ЯЖПЗ, здебільшого щодо фізичного компонента здоров’я при достатньо збережених показниках психічного та соціального значення.

Determinants of health-related quality of life in stroke survivors in Kano, Northwest Nigeria

Background: The long-term consequences of stroke, particularly among the young and middle-aged population in sub-Saharan Africa, constitute a major challenge to the labor work force in resource-limited settings. Previous studies have focused mainly on mortality, recurrence, and functional recovery but less on the quality of life of these patients. We sought to assess the determinants of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of stroke survivors in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria. Material and Methods: A prospective case–control study conducted at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria over a period of 18 months where 310 (155 patients with stroke and 155 sex- and age-matched healthy controls) participants were assessed using the health-related quality of life in stroke patient-40 (HRQoLISP-40) questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify the independent predictors of global HRQoL after controlling for other covariates. Results: The overall mean global HRQoL scores among the patients with stroke and the controls were 66.1 vs. 86.1, respectively, with a mean difference of −20.0. There mean difference in the physical and spiritual spheres were −28.1 vs. −9.1, respectively. Determinants of the poor quality of life in the stroke survivors were aphasia, lesion location, and poststroke depression. Conclusion: The HRQoL among the stroke survivors was poor, which demonstrates that the determinants if effectively subjected to evidenced-based therapeutic interventions may lead to improvement in their overall functional recovery and societal reintegration.

The influence of Pilates exercises on body balance in the standing position of hearing impaired people

Purpose: Hearing impairment may affect the body posture maintenance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of modified Pilates exercise program on the body posture maintenance in hearing impaired people.Methods: Eighty students (aged 13–24) were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups: test group (n = 41) which attended an original program based on modified Pilates exercises and control group (n = 39) which attended standard physical education classes. Stabilographic tests were conducted at baseline and after 6-week training program.Results: Both groups showed improved control of body balance in a standing position manifested in reductions of the length of path, surface area, and speed of deflection. Modified Pilates program was significantly more effective in improving body balance control in relaxed posture and with feet together than standard physical education classes. The greater efficiency of the modified Pilates program was expressed in a significant improvement in balance control parameters, i.e., path length, surface area, and speed of deflection.Conclusions: The modified Pilates program was more effective in improving body balance control in the hearing impaired people than standard physical education classes. Modification of physical activity recommendations for hearing impaired students may be considered; however, further research is required.Implications for RehabilitationHearing impairment impacts the mental, social and, physical spheres of life as well as deteriorates equivalent reactions and the way body posture is maintained.In hearing impaired people, control of body balance and muscle coordination is often disturbed, thus more attention should be paid to exercises associated with balance which may improve the ability to learn and develop motor skills.Modified Pilates program was significantly more effective in improving body balance control than standard physical education classes in hearing impaired people.

Le dopage neuronal du libre arbitre

AimThe article demonstrates how free will is now questioned by work on pre-attentional activity and the focus of attention during neuro-doping exercises. MethodsA presentation of neuro-scientific research on neuronal activation by cerebral stimulation techniques. ResultsThe behavioral efficacy of this neuro-activation, using neurotracking and neuro-priming, is first of all that it improves cognitive capacities by increasing their frequency, intensity and extent. DiscussionThus it is not so much the living body that is modified as the perception by the body in its experience of living, via the generation of a feeling of physical superiority. However, this placebo effect in the physical sphere is effective in the psychological sphere. ConclusionBlind confidence in the fact of living contained in information pre-processed by the primary areas leads free will to act very quickly, as in reaction to fear.

Fisioterapia Nefrológica: Mejora De La Calidad De Vida Mediante Un Programa De Acondicionamiento Físico En Pacientes Con Enfermedad Renal Crónica En Una Unidad De Hemodiálisis En Mexico

Objective: To analyze the improvement of the quality of life in the physical sphere through an effective physiotherapy program of physical conditioning in patients with Chronic Renal Disease in the Hemodialysis Unit in México. Methodology: Prospective longitudinal comparative study, pre and post treatment, in which the efficacy of a physiotherapeutic intervention and treatment and its impact on the quality of life during 20 weeks in a group of 25 patients with chronic renal disease undergoing hemodialysis were quantified. To evaluate the efficacy of the treatment, the study was divided into 5 stages and the KDQOL-SFTM questionnaire. Results: Results: In the physical sphere measured by the applied KDQOLSF ™ instrument, the best results have been obtained, since statistically significant differences (p <0.05) were found between the variables of the decrease in difficulty in bending and bending M 2.28 DE (0.842) versus M 2.64 DE (0.700) P 0.047, loads and transfers M 2.08 D.E (0.953) versus M 2.48 D.E (0.714) P 0.015, and decrease in difficulty in bathing and dressing (MV) M 2.56 D.E. (0.711) versus M 2.88 D.E (0.331) P 0.029, variables analyzed in the pre and post physiotherapeutic intervention, respectively. Conclusion: All patients showed a significant improvement in strengthresistance thanks to the physical-fitness program intradiálisis, increased the functional capacity and improved the physical sphere component of the quality of life of patients with Chronic Renal Disease.

Factores asociados a la calidad de vida en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Medellín 2013

Introducción: cáncer de mama es un problema de salud pública que genera diversos factores y sentimientos que afectan la calidad de vida. Objetivo: evaluar los factores asociados a la calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal que incluyó 82 pacientes. Se calculó la calidad de vida con WHQOL-BREF y los factores asociados se determinaron con un modelo de regresión logística binaria. Resultados: el 73.1 % calificó la calidad de vida mínimo como buena. El dominio físico fue el más afectado (65.1 ± 15.9), en tanto que el entorno fue el menos afectado (78.2 ± 14.2). Las variables que explican el deterioro de la calidad de vida fueron: riesgo edad 50 años, diagnóstico de cáncer avanzado al ingreso a la administradora de planes de beneficio (EAPB), mientras que los protectores fueron la satisfacción con el servicio y la terapia hormonal. Conclusión: es necesario enfatizar y tener mejor satisfacción con el servicio en mujeres menores de cincuenta años y que ingresaron con diagnóstico avanzado al programa.

МЕДСЕСТРИНСЬКА ОЦІНКА ЯКОСТІ ЖИТТЯ ХВОРИХ НА БРОНХІАЛЬНУ ОБСТРУКЦІЮ РІЗНОГО ГЕНЕЗУ

Хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень (ХОЗЛ) належить до прогресуючих захворювань суспільства і є провідною причиною смертності населення у багатьох економічно розвинених країнах світу, що становить значиму медичну і соціальну проблему, не обминає стороною жоден прошарок суспільства. Сучасні методи діагностики ХОЗЛ та арсенал лікарських засобів не завжди досягають стійких ремісій, що погіршує якість життя хворих, тому пошук доступних, дешевих методів реабілітації пацієнтів є актуальним.Мета дослідження – медсестринське дослідження та оцінка якості життя хворих на бронхіальну обструкцію різного генезу до та після навчальних програм, а також розробка рекомендацій щодо удосконалення догляду і профілактики хвороби при даній патології в умовах Тернопільського обласного протитуберкульозного диспансеру (ТОПТД) та навчання хворих правилам якісного життя.Матеріали і методи. Дослідження складалося з 3 етапів. Перший етап – аналіз історій хвороб пацієнтів із ХОЗЛ та туберкульозом легень (ТБЛ), які мали бронхообструктивний синдром (БОС) та їх анкетування. Другий етап – на основі отриманих даних адаптування та застосування уже відомих навчальних програм до специфіки ТОПТД для пацієнтів із специфічними та неспецифічними ураженнями легень. Третій етап – оцінка якості життя у хворих до та після навчально-реабілітаційного процесу. Ретроспективно проведено аналіз 60-ти історій хвороб пацієнтів із легеневою бронхообструкцією в період за 2015– 2016 рр., з них – 30 хворі на ХОЗЛ, інші 30 – на ТБЛ.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У процесі комплексного лікування, навчання і реабілітації хворих із БОС різного генезу, поряд з оцінкою тяжкості клінічного перебігу захворювання, дослідженням вентиляційної функції легень варто визначати рівень якості життя пацієнтів. У пацієнтів із бронхообструкцією відзначається значне погіршення якості життя, яке виявляється у зниженні повсякденної життєвої активності пацієнтів і зумовлене впливом симптомів захворювання на фізичну, психічну й емоційну сфери пацієнтів. При ранньому включенні у комплексне лікування індивідуальних програм тривалої фізичної реабілітації і психокорекції можна досягти тривалого поліпшення якості життя хворих та істотно змінити психоемоційний статус пацієнтів, зменшуючи рівень депресії і тривоги.Висновки. Оптимальною формою реабілітації стаціонарних хворих на ХОЗЛ та ТБЛ, поліпшення якості життя пацієнтів є активна навчальна робота з пацієнтами, яка повинна включати програми групового й індивідуального навчання їх, боротьбу з тютюнокурінням, корекцію порушень психологічного стану та фізичні реабілітаційні заходи, а також підвищення толерантності до фізичного навантаження у хворих із БОС.

Evaluate the level of creative support of the teaching process of football game tactics

Teaching tactics in team games is a difficult process, because it requires not only the optimal preparation of the player in the physical and physical sphere but above all the deliberate action in the sport. Situations that arise when playing football, usually require the choice of one of several possible decisions. Not all decisions are optimal. It is on the basis of the optimal decision that you can judge the advantages of the player and then interpret his abilities. In order to rationally solve a task in the game, the player must have the best knowledge about the effective action, and they also need to use such tactical preparation methods so that the player can consciously and creatively participate in the training process. The purpose of research Determine whether modern football clubs are using tactical training based on creative support in teaching football tactics. Material and methods of testing The empirical material was collected by anonymous polls conducted among randomly selected football players in two age categories: junior (140 CLJ players and MW leagues) and senior (160 players IV and III leagues). Research in the years 2015 - 2017 was conducted in randomly selected Polish clubs, with the largest number (about 80%) being players in the Małopolskie, Świętokrzyskie, Podkarpackie, Silesian, Opole and Lubuskie voivodships. Results and conclusions The analysis of the research results shows that football players in the clubs surveyed are less likely to benefit from the knowledge transfer, which facilitates learning tactics. The reason for this situation is not only due to the limited organizational conditions for rational training but also can have its basis in the competence of trainers. This problem is significant for young players, which can limit not only the smooth operation of the game but also hinder the process of full development of the player. 1). Tactical training dominates traditional forms of instruction that limit the player's conscious participation in the game. 2). Among the trainers there is a low level of knowledge about the use of tactics to help teach the tactics of the game. 3) . In order to make more use of the teaching aids tactics, there is a need to include this learning direction in the training of trainers and football instructors. 4). Base conditions in football clubs limit the use of modern laboratory measures in teaching tactics.

Methodological Peculiarities of the Usage of Stretching Techniques in the Process of Flexibility Development

The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological substantiations of the body flexibility development practically applying the stretching techniques. It was generalized scientific data on the organization and methodological features of stretching exercises. Semantic content and structural componential model of stretching usage in the process of flexibility development and the estimation of the changes of this characteristic according to the age were carried out. In particular, some parameters were highlighted especially which allow to recommend that methodology both for individual and group usage were analyzed. Besides, it was analyzed the diversity of physiological mechanism of the influence of stretching on human body, especially it was singled out the effect on mental and physical spheres of human being. The generalized scientific data on the theoretical and practical aspects of flexibility development with the help of stretching techniques indicate the priority of usage of this method in many types of physical activities irrespective of the scope of its practical application.

Ocena poziomu jakości życia chorych na hemofilię

Wstęp: Hemofilia należy do chorób uwarunkowanych genetycznie. Występowanie krwawień, doznawanie bólu, okresowe lub trwałe zmniejszenie aktywności fizycznej czy wreszcie ryzyko wystąpienia kalectwa mogą wywierać negatywny wpływ nawielowymiarowe funkcjonowanie człowieka.Celem pracy było poznanie poziomu jakości życia chorych na hemofilię oraz udzielenie odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: 1. Jaki poziom jakości życia prezentują chorzy na hemofilię? 2. Która dziedzina jakości życia oceniana jest przez chorych na hemofilię najwyżej, a która najniżej? 3.Czy istnieje związek pomiędzy danymi socjodemograficznymi i sytuacją zdrowotną a jakością życia i jej dziedzinami?Materiały i metody: Badaniami objęto 168 dorosłych pacjentów chorujących na hemofilię, pozostających głównie w systemie leczenia domowego i zamieszkujących różne regiony Polski. Dane socjodemograficzne zebrano za pomocą ankiety własnego autorstwa, natomiast do pomiaru jakości życia zastosowano zaproponowany przez Światową Organizację Zdrowia kwestionariusz WHOQOL-100 służący do oceny sytuacji życiowej pacjentów będącej konsekwencją choroby i stosowanej terapii.Wyniki: Wszyscy badani chorzy byli płci męskiej i chorowali na hemofilię A, co jest zgodne zarówno z epidemiologią schorzenia, jak i z faktem, iż hemofilia A występuje w Polsce znacznie częściej niż hemofilia B. Najliczniejszą grupę (144 mężczyzn) stanowili pacjenci z ciężką postacią choroby, najmniej liczną ze stopniem lekkim (6 osób), natomiast stopień umiarkowany choroby występował u 18 badanych. Trzy czwarte (126 osób) miało wirusowe zapalenie wątroby typu C. W zakresie 6 dziedzin jakości życia zmierzonych za pomocą kwestionariusza WHOQOL-100 najwyższy wynik 14,66 uzyskano wdziedzinie duchowości, religii i osobistych przekonań, natomiast najniższy w dziedzinie fizycznej 12,99, zwłaszcza w podskali mierzącej ból i dyskomfort oraz dziedzinie środowiskowej 12,89.Wnioski: 1. Badana grupa mężczyzn z wrodzoną hemofilią wykazuje średni poziom jakości życia, porównywalny z jakością życia chorych z innych krajów europejskich. 2. Badana grupa chorych najwyżej ocenia dziedzinę związaną z duchowością, religią i osobistymi przekonaniami, natomiast najniżej dziedzinę fizyczną i środowiskową. 3. Na istotne obniżenie globalnej jakości życia wpływa ciężki stopień choroby, wirusowe zapalenie wątroby typu C oraz status rencisty.

The Benelux approach to EU integration and external action

ABSTRACTAs small states with a cosmopolitan outlook, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, have a natural interest in good-neighbourly relations and in cooperating through the EU. However, despite the closely knit nature of the economic, monetary and physical spheres of the lowlands, their attitudes to European integration diverge. Whereas the Netherlands has taken a transactional and even Eurosceptic position, Belgium sticks to its federalist approach to integration as a natural extension of its own constitutional structures which receive shelter from the EU. Luxembourg shares the federalist ideals but adopts an autonomous stance to protect its position as an international tax haven. These generic findings apply less to matters of EU foreign and security policy, which is the main subject of investigation of this special forum.

Health concerns of women after mastectomy

Abstract Introduction. Cancer and its treatment can cause serious mental and physical disorders that greatly limit the autonomy and independence of patients and reduce their quality of life. Mastectomy violates woman‘s image both in their self-assessment and in their public reception. Among the consequences after mastectomy, there are problems in the physical sphere, which reduce everyday activities, there also appear problems with the mental state associated with the reduction of the sense of feminity. Aim. The aim of the study was to identify health concerns of women after mastectomy. Material and methods. The study included 40 randomly selected women after mastectomy aged over 20. The research tool used in the study was the original survey, consisting of 28 questions. The questions were designed in order to gather information about the health concerns of women after mastectomy. The analysis was performed using Statistica software. Results. The disease changed for worse lives in 55% of women after mastectomy; 35% reported no impact and 10% of respondents admitted that the disease changed their lives for the better. The number of 22.5% of interviewees complained of frequently occurring low mood, depression and sadness, while 52.5% have experienced these emotions sometimes. Approximately 90% of respondents have been using a breast prosthesis after mastectomy. As many as 72.5% of women reported decrease in physical fitness after surgery, while 27.5% did not experience any change. Conclusions. The mastectomy procedure has a negative impact on physical and emotional state of women.