English Phrases Research Articles

There is no Post-focal De-phrasing in English

This paper studies the relationship between prosodic phrasing and prominence by addressing the questions of whether every prosodic phrase must have a head (a most prominent sub-constituent), and if so, how the head is marked. I study these questions by examining the intermediate phrase (iP) in English. If every iP must have a head, and this head must be marked by a pitch accent, then in an environment without any pitch accent, there should be no head/non-head distinction. And if there is no head, there should be no iP in this context either. I conducted a production study in English, and found durational evidence suggesting the presence of iP boundaries in an accent-less context. I also searched for durational evidence for iP-level prominence distinctions in this context, but here my results are mixed. One theoretical possibility that is compatible with my findings is that every phrase must have a head, but the head of an iP can be marked by something other than pitch accent, for example by phrasal stress.

Research on the Application of Computer Intelligent Proofreading System in College English Teaching

With the rapid development of computer technology, people have higher requirements for English Teaching (hereinafter referred to as ET) tools. However, in ET, teachers need to correct students’ homework, which will take a lot of time. Therefore, we can develop intelligent proofreading system (hereinafter referred to as IPS), which can improve the translation and proofreading of English syntax and phrases. Through corpus and other databases, we can calibrate English phrases and syntax with high accuracy, which will improve phrase translation and poor sentence coherence. By creating semantic ontology model and phrase translation combination translation algorithm, we can create semantic ontology model, which will better realize online collaborative translation and intelligent school peer-to-peer work, which will play an important role in ET. Through the IPS, we can display the situation in a graphical way, which will better carry out teaching activities. Firstly, this paper analyzes the positioning of IPS for College ET. Then, this paper analyzes the working principle of the IPS. Finally, some suggestions are put forward.

Review of Brunner (2017): Simplicity and Typological Effects in the Emergence of New Englishes: The Noun Phrase in Singaporean and Kenyan English

This article reviews Simplicity and Typological Effects in the Emergence of New Englishes: The Noun Phrase in Singaporean and Kenyan English EUR 99.959783110516593

THE NECESSITY OF PRODUCING A HIGH-QUALITY TRANSLATION OF CAPTIONS IN RADYA PUSTAKA MUSEUM

<p>Most information about the Radya Pustaka Museum collection is often provided in the form of captions and storylines. Unfortunately, the Radya Pustaka Museum does not have a proper English version of the captions and storylines to display to its foreign visitors, who played a key role in providing them with important details of its masterpiece collection. In fact, the Radya Pustaka Museum has some captions written in peculiar English phrases that foreign visitors could hardly understand. The process of internationalization of the Radya Pustaka Museum through the availability of information in English is therefore critical. Also, the need to produce high-quality translations should be obvious to achieve optimum communication with tourists, particularly foreign visitors. Accordingly, a translation training and assistance program for the museum staff focuses on the errors that can be made in writing and translating museum storylines, and how they can be fixed is crucial to conduct.</p>

Research on Computer Intelligent Proofreading System of Improved English Phrase Translation Model

When carrying out English translation based on phrases and sentence patterns, the contextual coherence of phrases and sentence patterns is relatively poor, which will directly affect the effect of English translation. In the process of designing and improving the English translation computer intelligent proofreading system, we need to study the specific modules of the system design. At the same time, we need to improve the design level of the English translation computer intelligent proofreading system based on the improved phrase translation model. Only in this way can it be ensured that vocabulary can be proofread when translating English, and the translation effect can be improved. This is also the main goal to realize the design of an intelligent proofreading system for English translation. In the process of analyzing and researching the proofreading system, we need to analyze and compare the accuracy of the design system and proofread the incoherent context in the English translation results in time. This can give full play to the advantages of the intelligent angle system with high accuracy and contextual coherence.

Application of Computer Intelligent Proofreading System in English Phrase Translation

To solve the problem of poor coherence, an intelligent proofreading system based on improved phrase translation model is proposed. Firstly, semantic ontology model is created by creating semantic ontology model and phrase translation combined translation algorithm. In addition, the overall design of the system. Through the overall architecture of the system, the software and hardware of the system are designed. The hardware design is mainly the search module, so as to improve the accuracy of the search. In the software module process, it mainly includes the system application framework, network topology, client, translator organization and management, online collaborative translation and other modules, and can support the translation and proofreading of multiple languages. Finally, the system is tested. The test results show that the system can meet the needs of users and improve the efficiency of proofreading.

Complex Patterns in L1-to-L2 Phonetic Transfer: The Acquisition of English Plosive and Affricate Fake Geminates and Non-Homorganic Clusters by Polish Learners

This paper analyses the way that Polish learners of English articulate plosive and affricate consonants preceding another obstruent occlusive in both L1 and L2. Considering that English allows unreleased plosives before any stop, that is in a wider range of contexts than Polish, a Polish learner may find it confusing that it is regarded unacceptable to block the affricate release before another (in English always homorganic) affricate. In Polish the first of two homorganic affricates is often reduced to the occlusion phase, while unreleased plosives appear very rarely in non-homorganic contexts. This apparent paradox in the treatment of affricate and plosive consonant clusters may lead to complicated transfer patterns, which we examine by observing the release suppression tendencies in Polish and English phrases and sentences read by phonetically trained and untrained Polish learners of English. The results indicate strong negative transfer tendencies and suggest a connection between gemination patterns and unreleased occlusive distribution in a language.

THE PARAMETRIC VARIATIONS OF ENGLISH AND KANURI NOUN PHRASES: A MINIMALIST APPROACH

This paper examines the parametric variations of English and Kanuri noun phrases (NPs) within the theoretical framework of Principles and Parameters (P&P), and the study adopts Chomsky’s (1995) Minimalist Approach (MA). In conducting the research, the researcher uses his native intuition to collect the data for this study. The secondary sources of data involve the use of three competent native speakers to validate the data. The outcome of the study reveals that there are differences and similarities between the two languages which are genetically different –Kanuri Nilo is a Saharan language while English is an Endo European language. The differences are: Kanuri is a head final language while English is head initial language. On the complement phrases, the two languages share dissimilarities –quantifiers and adjectives occur post head in Kanuri while the quantifiers and adjectives occur pre-head in English. Finally, the two languages share similarities in terms of noun plural formation morphologically suffixed to post head nouns and definiteness and agreement features [-Def] [+PL Num].

Linguistic And Extralinguistic Factors In The Formation Of Phrases In The English And Uzbek Languages

This article discusses the influence of internal and external language factors in the formation of English and Uzbek phrases. In both languages, the influence of habitat, flora, fauna and poultry, national costumes, food, and religious values on the formation of phraseological units is studied. It is argued that each of these phraseological units, which represent the national-cultural feature of different structural languages, can become a separate research topic.

Deployment of I don’t know and wakannai in second language classroom peer discussions

Abstract This conversation analytic study explicates the differential actions of the English phrase I don’t know (IDK) and its equivalent in Japanese, wakannai, as deployed by Japanese learners of English during peer discussions for language learning. By examining natural classroom interaction, we explore second language (L2) speakers’ use of these tokens for various pragmatic actions. The data consist of 47 h of discussions in English language classes in three Japanese universities. The discussions were carried out in the target language, English, for the most part, but occasionally the participants used their common first language (L1), Japanese. All cases of IDK and wakannai examined here occurred in first positions during production of opinions or first assessments. The analysis revealed that within a single discussion session, the participants marshalled IDK and wakannai to perform differential actions. Overwhelmingly, in our data, IDK was deployed to manage their epistemic stance, while wakannai was produced to make a public assertion of their insufficient knowledge.

Role of f0 alignment in distinguishing intonation categories: evidence from American english

Under the autosegmental-metrical (AM) theory of intonation, the temporal alignment of fundamental frequency (F0) patterns with respect to syllables has been claimed to distinguish pitch accent categories. Several experiments test whether differences in F0 peak or valley alignment in American English phrases would produce evidence consistent with a change from (1) a H* to a H+L* pitch accent, and (2) a L* to a L+H* pitch accent. Four stimulus series were constructed in which F0 peak or valley alignment was shifted across portions of short phrases with varying stress. In Experiment 1, participants discriminated pairs of stimuli in an AX task. In Experiment 2, participants classified stimuli as category exemplars using an AXB task. In Experiment 3, participants imitated stimuli; the alignment of F0 peaks and valleys in their productions was measured. Finally, in Experiment 4, participants judged the relative prominence of initial and final syllables in stimuli to determine whether alignment differences generated a stress shift. The results support the distinctions between H* and H+L* and between L+H* and L*. Moreover, evidence consistent with an additional category not currently predicted by most AM theories was obtained, which is proposed here to be H*+H. The results have implications for understanding phonological contrasts, phonetic interpolation in English intonation, and the transcription of prosodic contrasts in corpus-based analysis.

Effect of Prosody of Rhythmic Yoga-Based Recitation on Positive and Negative Affect among Adolescents: A Four-Armed Comparative Study

Background: Adolescence is a critical period of maturation and immense emotional and behavioral changes. Yoga-based rhythmic recitations have been established to improve emotional personality features. Aim: The current four-arm comparative study attempted to appreciate the rhythmic recitations/prosody on Emotional personality among adolescents. Method: 138 adolescents (age 12.11 ± 0.76 years) satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited and randomly allocated into four groups i.e., Humming the recitation following a Chanda (HR), Chanting a mantra (CM), Reading an English phrase, and Silent sitting, based on sections of their respective grades. Group intervention was done for 5 minutes, 3 times a day, for 30 days. According to their allocated group was provided. Subjects were assessed with positive and negative Affect Schedules (PANAS) at baseline and post-intervention. Result: There was no difference in both domains of PANAS in within group analysis. However, the positive affect was statistically significant when compared between the groups (p>0.01). A post-hoc analysis revealed the superiority of the CM and HM groups in positive affect alone when compared with other two groups. Conclusion: There was no statistical difference between CM and HM groups in both domains of PANAS. A humming prosody and mantra chanting demonstrated a similar effect on the amelioration of a positive Emotional personality among adolescents.

Англійські прислів’я як експлікатори сурядних словосполучень із єднальним сполучником and та протиставним but

This article is an attempt to a new look at the role of coordinate phrases in communication. The object of the research is English proverbs as representations of coordinate syntactic connection and the subject is coordinate phrases that are realized in them. The article presents a brief history of the study of coordinate phrases in English. The author made a comparative analysis of the views of domestic and foreign linguists on the problem of distinguishing coordinate phrases in the language. She distinguishes such differential signs of coordinate phrases in English: the equality of components, the uniformity of the syntactic function of all components, the integrity of the structure, the implementation of the connection between components with the help of coordinate conjunctions, the order of words and intonations. The expression of coordinate phrases with the adversative conjunction but and cumulative conjunction and in English proverbs was studied. Their semantic space and formal-grammatical features also were analyzed. The author revealed about 12 specific realizations of the semantic volume of coordinate phrases with the cumulative conjunction and 5 variants of opposing semantic-syntactic relations with the adversative conjunction but in paremias. After the analysis, the author concludes that the peculiarity of coordinate phrases with conjunction but is their relatively larger semantic and grammatical dependence on the whole sentence – proverb than in the coordinate phrases with and, which can function independently without a sentence, although in some cases their conceptual fullness is also realized only in a general judgment. Coordinate phrases, being carriers of a certain semantic volume, act as key concepts of proverbs.

Christine Günther, The Elliptical Noun Phrase in English: Structure and Use

Christine Günther, The Elliptical Noun Phrase in English: Structure and Use

Some problems in teaching english and new educational technologies

This article discusses some of the challenges in teaching English and new learning technologies. For effective teaching of English in other language groups, it is expedient to organize new pedagogical technologies in students, the organization of education with graphic organizers. The organization of education on the basis of language technology in specialties other than English creates difficulties for students to learn a foreign language other than their native language. The goal of the new lesson topic is for the learner to adapt to the artificial reception when the English phrase is repeated.

Impact of Sanskrit prosody on anxiety, mindfulness, and self-concept in young adolescents

Background: Upsurge in anxiety and struggle with self-concept commonly appears during adolescence. Chanting of many forms have been established to improve emotional personality features. Aim and Objectives: We conducted a four-armed comparative study to explore the capacity of Chanda/prosody to impact anxiety, mindfulness, and self-concept in young adolescents. Material and Methods: A total of 140 students (12.12 ± 0.74 years) were screened, out of which 138 met the inclusion criteria and were allocated into four groups: humming a Chanda, chanting a Sanskrit verse, reading an English phrase (EP), and silent sitting. Baseline and postintervention data were collected using the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale for Children, and Children's Self-Concept Scale. Result: Our study results reveal that there was a significant reduction in anxiety levels in the humming group and few domains of anxiety in the chanting group as well. The mindfulness scores were significantly improved in all the four groups including the humming and chanting groups after the interventions. Conclusion: There was no effect on self-concept scores in the humming group whereas the chanting group had a significant improvement in self-concept scale.

Model and Verification of Medical English Machine Translation Based on Optimized Generalized Likelihood Ratio Algorithm

Phrase identification plays an important role in medical English machine translation. However, the phrases in medical English are complicated in internal structure and semantic relationship, which hinders the identification of machine translation and thus affects the accuracy of translation results. With the aim of breaking through the bottleneck of machine translation in medical field, this paper designed a machine translation model based on the optimized generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) algorithm. Specifically, the model in question established a medical phrase corpus of 250,000 English and 280,000 Chinese words, applied the symbol mapping function to the identification of the phrase’s part of speech, and employed the syntactic function of the multioutput analysis table structure to correct the structural ambiguity in the identification of the part of speech, eventually obtaining the final identification result. According to the comprehensive verification, the translation model employing the optimized GLR algorithm was seen to improve the speed, accuracy, and update performance of machine translation and was seen to be more suitable for machine translation in medical field, therefore providing a new perspective for the employment of medical machine translation.

Syntax Interference on Translation of Indonesia-English Text

This study aims to describe the type of syntactic interference in the translation of Indonesian text into English, where students are given a text containing 300 words to be translated into English. The method used in this research is descriptive with distributional and equivalent studies. The data is taken from the translation of the text which is then analyzed for errors. The results showed that there was a syntactic problem that emerged from the translation results of students. Some of the syntactic interference that was found included reversed English phrase arrangement, parallelization, absence of articles, absence of to be, and lack of passive sentence structure.

Cross-language adaptation

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of collocations on the example of media texts. We analyzed phrases in Turkish, English, and Russian texts based on the frequency and semantic unity of the units. The relevance of the research is that we have done comparative work in unrelated languages. The significance of the article is confirmed by the results obtained. Often being nonquivalent relative to another language, collocations require special attention from translators. The applied task of the research is to identify patterns of collocation functioning in a certain language and cultural environment. The media's focus on texts is explained by the fact that they act as a mirror of a living language. We also tried to distinguish the term in English, Russian and Turkish linguistics.

Android Application Dictionary of English Terms for Mathematics Learning

Mathematical terms in English often confuse students with their meanings. In its application, the impact on students' difficulties in understanding the concepts being studied. Students also have a problem in making useful conclusions while the books in English-language textbooks. These things make most Mathematics education students low-motivation and challenging to understand the concepts and basic mathematics derived from English-language texts. The term dictionary can be an alternative solution that can be used to overcome the problems. In general, the term dictionary discusses terms that are not common in a field. This Android application also provides a specific explanation of the terms that are the main search words. Android applications that have been developed are named RIGA. RIGA has 100 words or phrases in English and explanations and 100 words or terms in Indonesian along with answers. This study uses qualitative and quantitative data types. Qualitative data were obtained using a questionnaire in the form of suggestions and criticisms given by the test subjects. Meanwhile, quantitative data were obtained from questionnaire distribution scores from the test subjects. The results show that the results of validation by media experts and field trials produce valid results. Thus, it can claim that RIGA can use for the teaching and learning process.