Oil Phenols Research Articles

Isolation and identification of phenols in oil of vetiver

Several rare phenols, including 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinyl-2-methoxyphenol and trans-isoeugenol, were identified in oil of vetiver.

The injection treatment of rectal prolapse

The injection of 5% phenol in oil into the rectal submucosa cured persistent rectal prolapse in 91 of 100 young children. This result supports the view that the common form of rectal prolapse in otherwise-healthy children primarily involves the mucosa and the muscular wall is only secondarily involved.

Alkaline hydrolysis of cured phenol–formaldehyde resins at high temperatures

AbstractHydrolysis of cured phenolic resin, either straight or oil‐ or epoxy‐modified, in dilute caustic at 280–320°C, gives novolac resins in 70–80% recovery. Infrared analysis indicates these novolacs have the same composition as conventional novolacs made by the acid‐catalyzed phenol–formaldehyde condensation. Like the conventional novolacs, these recovered resins are soluble in oxygen‐containing solvents and form crosslinked infusible thermoset materials when heated with 10% hexamethylenetetramine. Molecular weights of the recovered novolacs, determined by high‐pressure liquid chromatography, are dependent on both time and temperature of the hydrolysis. The weight‐average molecular weight varied from 270 to 770. The Lowry index values indicate that the molecular weight distribution is narrower for the recovered novolacs than that normally obtained for conventional novolacs. The recovered novolacs have higher melting temperatures than the corresponding commercial novolacs. This is believed to be due to the lower free phenol content of the recovered novolacs.

Phenols of the essential oil of Abies sibirica

Phenols of the essential oil of Abies sibirica

Petroleum hydrocarbons inhibit decomposition of organic matter in seawater

MOTILE marine bacteria, like higher animals, have the capacity to detect and be attracted to organic substances1, including living microbial prey2. Mitchell et al.3 found that this chemotactic response was inhibited by low concentrations of hydrocarbons such as toluene, phenol and crude oil. The bacterial population was not killed but did lose its ability to detect non-living substrates as well as living prey, such as algae and enteric bacteria3–5. It seems that the ability of a marine bacterium to degrade a substrate is augmented by its attraction to that substance. This report describes the role of bacterial chemotaxis in organic matter decomposition in seawater and its inhibition by sublethal concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons.

On the Adhesive Properties of the Surface Treated Wood with Synthetic Resin and Metal Plate

Water soluble phenolic resin and oil soluble xylenic resin were used as the surface treatment agent for wood (Beech, The shape of wood blocks will be rectangular parallelopiped being planed smoothly with two quater-swan surfaces. size: 10×25×90mm). The wood Specimen treated with the agent decreased in dimensional change less than control wood samples, when immersed in water and then dried. Pretreatment of the surface of the metal was as follows: aluminum plates were immersed in hot solution which consists of conc. H2SO4, sodium dichromate and water in 10min. at 70-75°C, linsed with running water at room temperature for 24hrs. and then dried in the oven. The steel plates were also immersed in 10% HCI solution at room temperature for 24hrs., ground with sand paper and then linsed with acetone. The size of the metal plates was 0.6×25×90mm, respectively. The surface of the control wood (no treatment) and treated wood with synthetic resin was bonded with aluminum or steel plates using neoprene system adhesive.In the normal condition, the mean adhesive strength of the control sample (the combination of untreated wood and aluminum plate) was shown as greater than that of others, and some of aluminum plates were broken by tensile load in the operation. In decreasing order was the combination of the control wood and steel plate, the treated wood and aluminum plate and the treated wood and steel plate. After about a half of them was immersed in water, their adhesive strength was measured in wet condition. The wood and metal plate treated with phenolic resin was shown as stronger than that of control samples. This shows that the surface treated wood fixed with metal plate has the improving quality to prevent water aggression within the outer and inner surface of wood.The phenolic resin content penetrated in wood was assumed about 2 times compared with that of outer layer of the wood specimen from the result of the colorimetry measurement using iodine as an indicator by Ukena colorimeter and Beckmann photo-electric colorimeter and the tracer method using I131 and scintillation counter.Its distribution showed high concentration in the cross section and its adjacent part and low concentration in the middle section and its adjacent part of the wood specimen.

Iliac vein compression.--Its relation to iliofemoral thrombosis and the post-thrombotic syndrome.

Summary The treatment of haemorrhoids by conservative methods has been examined. Injection therapy with the use of phenol in almond oil was effective in controlling bleeding, but with almond oil alone it was not. A comparison between the results of injection therapy and the technique of rubber ring ligation showed objectively better results after six months with ligations. However, ligation was sometimes followed by pain, and a few patients refused to continue with this form of treatment. These preliminary alternatives indicate that phenol in oil is still the best treatment for early first-degree piles. The results of ligation for second-degree piles are encouraging, but further evaluation is required.

Determination of phenols in oils and raffinates by ultraviolet spectrophotometry

1. The authors have developed spectrophotometric method for determining the phenol contents in aqueous distillates in the ultraviolet range for the purpose of analyzing distillates obtained by steam-distillation of phenols from MS-20 oil and the raffinate of the Groznyi refinery. It was found that at wavelength 270 mμ this method can be used for analyzing phenols in oils and raffinates. The spectrophotometric method gives results as accurate and reproducible as those obtained by the coulometric method. 2. The spectrophotometric method could be used in principle for designing an automatic ultraviolet analyzer for determining phenol contents in aqueous distillates of different degrees of purity (oils, raffinates, extracts) obtained in oil manufacture.

The stability of lubricating oils

1. Stability tests on Soviet phenolic purification oils by the IP method showed that their antioxidizing properties are equal to those of selectively refined oils from Middle East petroleums. 2. It is shown that antisludging agents of the TsIATIM-339 and Monto 613 types must be used on conjunction with antioxidants of the VNII NP-167 and Santolyub 493 types. 3. It has been established that the IP laboratory method can be used for determining the stability of oils (with and without additives).

(108)松根油中の酸性油に就て

(108)松根油中の酸性油に就て

Phenols in Oil Obtained from Hydrogenation of Coal

Phenols in Oil Obtained from Hydrogenation of Coal

CHEMICAL RECTAL STRICTURE

The injection of solutions of phenol in oil into hemorrhoidal plexuses or under the rectal mucosa has become in recent years a procedure whose execution is limited only to those able to secure an anoscope and syringe of appropriate size. I have seen twenty-four persons in the past five years whose rectal complaint dated from this procedure. Nodule formation in the submucosa of the lower rectum was a common result in this group. This submucosal tumefaction has been so common an observation in the proctoscopy of previously injected patients in this section as to suggest that some degree of palpable induration is a usual sequence, although ordinarily silent symptomatically. The permanence of the lesion when once formed is attested by discovery of similar nodules when the injections were made eighteen or twenty years before. Of the twenty-four patients mentioned, twelve gave a variety of symptoms, including severe rectal neuralgia, chronic

The Value of the Higher Phenols in Wood-Preserving Oils.

The Value of the Higher Phenols in Wood-Preserving Oils.