Pharmaceutical Compositions Research Articles

Nanotechnology strategy for inhibition of PARP1 and IL-17A-associated with neurotoxicity in rats exposed to hospital wastewater.

Hospital wastewater (HWW) poses a serious hazard to human health security concerning its high susceptibility to neurodegeneration. Water sources and ecosystems are exposed to a complicated pollution load from a variety of refractory organics and pharmaceutical active composites. This study evaluates the treated newly developed nanocomposite (NiFe2O4) HWW on the neural injury induced by HWW action in rats. Three groups of male Wistar rats were distributed, with eight rats in each: group I: tap water served as a control; group II: HWW; and group III: nano-HWW. Each group was intragastrical administrated with each type of water (2.5 ml/100 g b.wt/6 h) for 28 consecutive days. The open field test and Morris Water Maze assessed behavioral activity and spatial learning 2 days before the last day. The research demonstrated that HWW treated with nanocomposite (NiFe2O4) may exert decreased risks of the neural impairment effect of HWW. This improvement was achieved by reducing the neurotoxicity by lowering nitric oxide contents, lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase, interleukin-17A (IL-17A), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase1(PARP1) while restoring the antioxidant biomarkers and neurotransmitter levels (β-endorphin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin) of the treated groups in the cortex and brainstem and enhancement of the histopathology of the cortex as well. In conclusion, this study introduced a newly developed nanotechnology application for treating HWW to protect from neural injury. The findings of this research have significant value for policymakers, Ministry of Health management, and environmental organizations in their selection of suitable techniques and procedures to optimize hospital wastewater treatment efficiency.

The morphological structure of prostate gland under the condition of experimental prostatopathy and after using of cholecalciferol in the different schemes of hypofertility correction

The impact of negative factors, stress, and modern living conditions damages men's health and leads to infertility. Prostatitis is often a cause of hypofertility. It is now shown that vitamin D may play a role in regulating the functioning of reproductive system organs. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of cholecalciferol on the histological structure of the prostate gland in rats with experimental prostatitis and after its application alone or in combination with a prostate protector. Experimental prostatitis was induced by cold intraoperative damage to the prostate gland. To correct prostatitis, vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) was administered orally at a dose of 4000 IU. The prostate protector (Prostatilen, Pr) and its pharmaceutical composition, as well as vitamin D3, were administered rectally. Rats with modeled prostatitis were divided into groups: EP (cold experimental prostatitis without treatment); EP + seed oil (on the background of experimental prostatitis, animals received a solvent – apricot kernel oil); EP + vit D3 (per os) (on the background of experimental prostatitis, animals received vitamin D3); EP + Pr (rec) (on the background of experimental prostatitis, males were administered Prostatilen per rectum); EP + vit. D3 (per os) + Pr (rec) (on the background of experimental prostatitis, animals received vitamin D3 (per os) and Prostatilen gel (per rectum)); EP + (vit. D3 + Pr) (rec) (on the background of experimental prostatitis, rats were administered Prostatilen gel with vitamin D3 per rectum). Intact animals (Intact group) and sham-operated rats (Control group) were used as controls. Paraffin sections of the prostate gland were stained with hematoxylin, eosin, and Van Gieson's method. In addition to the review microscopy of the ventral lobes of the prostate gland and the isthmus between them, the power of histochemical reactions was measured, the severity of inflammation and fibrosis was assessed, the number of terminal sections of the prostatic glands with a visually unchanged state, with lumen expansion, and with wall destruction was counted, the longitudinal diameter of the acini and the height of the epithelial cells of the prostatic glands were measured. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the standard software package "Statistica 6.0" with the use of Student's t-test and nonparametric analog of one-way analysis of variance – Kruskal-Wallis test, as well as Mann-Whitney test. It was found that rats with experimental prostatitis exhibit pronounced changes in the morphological structure of the prostate gland. The prostate-protective effect of vitamin D per os at a dose of 4000 IU was established, which reduced the manifestations of atrophic and destructive processes, signs of tissue inflammation, and coarsening of the prostate gland stroma. Signs of fibrosis development in the prostate gland in males of this group were reduced, and the number of destructive changes and the longitudinal diameter of the terminal sections of the prostatic glands of prostate ventral lobe in rats with experimental prostatitis were decreased. Thus, the addition of cholecalciferol to the basic therapy for infertility has a more pronounced corrective effect on the morphological structure of the prostate than the separate use of cholecalciferol and the prostate protector. Combining basic therapy with vitamin D enhances the prostate-protective properties of the latter and is promising for restoring reproductive function overall.

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Biphenyl derivatives against C. albicans and E. coli

Biphenyls are polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons with a molecular formula (C12 H10) having more than one aromatic nucleus. Biphenyl derivatives substituted with an aromatic or heteroaromatic radical have therapeutic use in pharmaceutical compositions intended for use in humans or cosmetic compositions. The present study included the synthesis of biphenyls derivatives and their antifungal and antimicrobial activities. Four different compounds (SCPD1-SCPD4) were synthesized via different synthesis methods. All the compounds were characterized by different methods like TLC, IR, and NMR. All the peaks and spectra revealed the presence of synthesized compounds. Among all the synthesized compounds, SCPD3 has shown maximum activity against gram-negative E. coli, and SCPD4 has shown maximum activity against C. albicans when compared with standard drug ketoconazole. The series of biphenyl derivatives may be a potent alternative to some other antibacterial and antifungal agents.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ВЛАГОСОРБЦИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ ЖЕЛАТИНОВЫХ И ГИПРОМЕЛЛОЗНЫХ ТВЕРДЫХ КАПСУЛ

Aim. Comparative evaluation of the shells of solid capsules made of gelatin and hypromelose of hygroscopicity and disintegration indicators. Materials and Methods. Solid gelatin and hypromellose capsules produced by Capsugel (Belgium), as well as pharmaceutical compositions with bifidobacterium lyophilisate were used as objects of research. Hygroscopicity was determined according to FEES methods. Hygroscopicity is determined by the weight method according to the GF RF XV according to the OFS.1.1.0042 "Determination of hygroscopicity". The water-absorbing properties of capsule shells were evaluated by the rate of moisture gain of empty and filled solid capsules. Tests on the disintegration index were conducted according to the GF of the Russian Federation XV, OFS.1.4.2.0013 "Disintegration of solid dosage forms", OFS.1.7.1.0003.15 "Bifido-containing probiotics". Results. Comprehensive pharmaceutical-technological studies of empty hard capsules and model samples with encapsulated composition with bifidobacterium lyophilisate in hard capsules produced by Capsugel® (Belgium) were carried out. As a result of comparative analysis of characteristics of empty hard capsules Coni-Snap and Vcaps Plus, it was revealed that Vcaps Plus capsules have faster disintegration, higher rate of moisture gain, low hygroscopicity of the capsulated composition with preservation of the shape and structure of the capsule shell. Conclusion. Comparative studies of the water-absorption properties of gelatin and hypromellose capsules have shown the rationality of using hypromellose capsules for encapsulating hygroscopic AFS, in particular lyophilizates.

Differential tissue distribution of pharmaceuticals in a wild subtropical marine fish

To date, the presence of pharmaceuticals has been extensively documented across a wide range of aquatic systems and biota. Further, substantial progress has been made in transitioning from laboratory assessments of pharmaceutical fate and effects in fish to in situ assessments of exposure and effects; however, certain research areas remain understudied. Among these is investigation of differential accumulation across multiple internal tissues in wild marine fish beyond the species commonly sampled in laboratory and freshwater field settings. This study examined the presence of pharmaceuticals across four tissues (plasma, muscle, brain, and liver) in a wild marine fish, bonefish (Albula vulpes), throughout coastal South Florida, USA. Differential accumulation across tissues was assessed for the number and concentration, identity, and composition of accumulated pharmaceuticals by sampling 25 bonefish and analyzing them for 91 pharmaceuticals. The concentration of pharmaceuticals was highest in plasma > liver > brain > muscle, while the number of pharmaceuticals was highest in liver > brain > plasma > muscle. The identity of detected pharmaceuticals was tissue specific, and there was an inverse relationship between the number of detections for each pharmaceutical and its log Kow. The composition of pharmaceuticals was tissue specific for both pharmaceutical presence/absence and concentration. Across all tissues, the greatest similarity was between brain and liver, which were more similar to plasma than to muscle, and muscle was the most distinct tissue. For tissue compositional variability, muscle was the most diverse in accumulated pharmaceuticals, while plasma, brain, and liver were similarly variable. With the highest concentrations in plasma and highest number in liver, and documented variability in accumulated pharmaceuticals across tissues, our results highlight the importance of tissue selection when surveying exposure in wild fish, suggesting that multi-tissue analysis would allow for a more comprehensive assessment of exposure diversity and risk of adverse effects.

Silybin-Functionalized PCL Electrospun Fibrous Membranes for Potential Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications.

Silybin is a natural flavonolignan with potential anticancer, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. In the present study, various loadings of silybin (1, 3, and 5 wt%) were encapsulated in poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) fibers by electrospinning, in order to produce new pharmaceutical composites with improved bioactive and drug delivery properties. The morphological characteristics of the composite fibrous structures were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the encapsulation efficiency and the release rate of silybin were quantified using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The analysis of the membranes' thermal behavior by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the existence of interaction between PCL and silybin. An investigation of the cytocompatibility of the composite membranes revealed that normal cells displayed an unimpeded proliferation in the respective silybin concentrations; however, tumor cell growth demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition. Furthermore, an effective antioxidant activity against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in HEK-293 cells was observed for the prepared electrospun fibrous mats.

Identifying pathways of pharmaceutical exposure in a mesoconsumer marine fish

Pharmaceutical uptake involves processes that vary across aquatic systems and biota. However, single studies examining multiple environmental compartments, microhabitats, biota, and exposure pathways in mesoconsumer fish are sparse. We investigated the pharmaceutical burden in bonefish (Albula vulpes), pathways of exposure, and estimated exposure to a human daily dose. To evaluate exposure pathways, the number and composition of pharmaceuticals across compartments and the bioconcentration in prey and bonefish were assessed. To evaluate bioaccumulation, we proposed the use of a field-derived bioaccumulation factor (fBAF), due to variability inherent to natural systems. Exposure to a human daily dose was based on bonefish daily energetic requirements and consumption rates using pharmaceutical concentrations in prey. Pharmaceutical number and concentration were highest in prey, followed by bonefish, water and sediment. Fifteen pharmaceuticals were detected in common among bonefish, prey, and water; all of which bioconcentrated in prey and bonefish, and four bioaccumulated in bonefish. The composition of detected pharmaceuticals was compartment specific, and prey were most similar to bonefish. Bonefish were exposed to a maximum of 1.2 % of a human daily dose via prey consumption. Results highlight the need for multicompartment assessments of exposure and consideration of prey along with water as a pathway of exposure.

Pharmaceutical composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes with betulin in fish oil. Effect on oxidative and energy metabolism in the treatment of burns in rats

Background. Ozonation products of unsaturated fatty acids in fats and oils – 1,2,4-trioxolanes – which contribute to the normalization of oxidative and energy metabolism in various diseases, may be a promising substance for the creation of new combined anti-burn drugs.The aim. To study the effect of 1,2,4-trioxolanes in a pharmaceutical composition with betulin, which exhibits wound-healing properties, on indicators of oxidative stress and on energy metabolism in the treatment of burns in an experiment onrats. Methods. The experiments were carried out on 50 male Wistar rats with seconddegree skin burns. We assessed the activity of glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as the level of lipid peroxidation indicators.Results. The properties of 1,2,4-trioxolanes were studied and a pharmaceutical composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes with betulin from birch bark in fish oil was developed. The effect of this composition on oxidative and energy metabolism in rats during the treatment of burns was studied. The activation of NADP/H and NAD/H dependent enzymes (glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase), as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and the normalization of lipid peroxidation parameters under the influence of the studied composition in the treatment of burns were revealed. The effect of the composition on the energy metabolism of erythrocytes was noted, which was assessed by changes in the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase activity in the reverse and direct reactions. Morphohistological studies showed that using the composition under normal conditions and in case of a burn had no effect on the structure of the stomach wall, and also improved the condition of the burn wound on the day 10 compared to the wound condition in animals without treatment.Conclusion. The proposed composition of 1,2,4-trioxolanes and betulin in fish oil, which allows normalizing oxidative and energy metabolism and improving the condition of a burn wound without toxic effects on the stomach wall, can be used as an element of additional therapy in the treatment of burns.

Pharmacological composition based on bacteriocinnisin in experiments in vitro and in vivo.

Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem related to the transmission of bacteria and genes between humans and animals. The development of new drugs with antimicrobial activity research is an urgent task of modern science. The article presents data of in vitro and in vivo experiments on new pharmaceutical composition based on nisin. The antimicrobial activity was studied on the mastitis pathogens. To identify microorganisms the Matrix-Assisted Lazer Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) (mass spectrometry) method was performed using. To determine sensitivity, the serial dilution method and the diffusion method were used. On laboratory animals, biochemical, hematological, and histological research methods were used. Female nonlinear white laboratory rats were used, which were divided into one control group and three experimental ones. "Duration" factor was statistically significant for the following indicators: hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and eosinophils. The "Dose" factor did not show significance for any indicator, which means that the effect was similar regardless of the dose chosen. When analyzing the biochemical indicators, significant differences were found in the "Duration" and "Dose" factors, in the direction of a decrease in the indicators of total protein, globulins, urea, and an increase in the concentration of alkaline phosphatase. When conducting histological studies in the first experimental group, it was established that there were no changes in the structural and functional units of the organs. In animals of the second experimental group, the presence of reversible pathological processes of a compensatory nature was noted. More profound changes in the structure of the studied organs were recorded in the third experimental group. An in vitro study on cell cultures showed that the pharmacological composition has high antimicrobial activity against isolates from the mammary gland secretion of cows with mastitis. An in vivo study on laboratory animals showed that the developed composition belongs to the IV class of substances "low-hazard substances". Histological examination made it possible to select the safest dose of the pharmacological composition of no more than 500 mg/kg.

Fully Biodegradable Elastomer-Based Device for Oral Macromolecule Delivery.

Oral devices, such as foil-type devices, show great potential for the delivery of poorly permeable macromolecules by enabling unidirectional release of the loaded pharmaceutical composition in close proximity to the epithelium in the small intestine or colon. However, one of the primary concerns associated with the use of foil-type devices so far has been the utilization of nonbiodegradable elastomers in the fabrication of the devices. Therefore, research into biodegradable substitute materials with similar characteristics enables drug delivery in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. In this study, a biodegradable elastomer, polyoctanediol citrate (POC), was synthesized via a one-pot reaction, with subsequent purification and microscale pattern replication via casting. The microstructure geometry was designed to enable fabrication of foil-type devices with the selected elastomer, which has a high intrinsic surface free energy. The final elastomer was demonstrated to have an elastic modulus ranging up to 2.2 ± 0.1 MPa, with strain at failure up to 110.1 ± 1.5%. Devices were loaded with acetaminophen and enterically coated, demonstrating 100% release at 2.5 h, following dissolution for 1 h in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and 1.5 h in pH 6.8 phosphate-buffered saline. The elastomer demonstrated promising properties based on mechanical testing, surface free energy evaluation, and degradation studies.

IN VITRO PERMEABILITY STUDY OF NASAL MEDICINAL PRODUCT FOR SYSTEMIC ACTION

For systemic medicinal products bioavailability is a fundamental characteristic that determines their efficacy and onset of action. Biopharmaceutical parameters of nasal preparations (physicochemical properties of the active substance such as membrane permeability, solubility, lipophilicity, pKa, polymorphic state, type of finished dosage form, pH, osmolarity, composition and characteristics of excipients), affecting bioavailability, are variable and controllable within pharmaceutical development. Besides the use of components that affect enzymatic activity, mucoadhesion and effective con-tact time, mucociliary clearance and viscosity of mucous secretion, changing the rate and degree of absorption of the active substance is possible by modulation of tight junctions and paracellular transport. These processes can be particularly determined by the osmolarity of the dosage form and the use of permeation enhancers. Taking into account the portfolio of excipients available to scientists used in a wide range of concentrations, and, in addi-tion, the requirements of the target product profile in terms of safety and pharmacokinetic parameters, as well as regulatory recommendations for jus-tification of the composition within pharmaceutical development, with particular emphasis on the selection of functional components and the concen-trations used, it is important to have relevant and reliable screening tools when formulating a drug product. Due to the absence of standard bioavailabil-ity assessment methods for nasal preparations, literature review was conducted and methodology of in vitro permeability study for of nasal medicinal products for systemic action with the use of artificial membranes as well as cell line RPMI 2650 of human nasal epithelium is developed. The use of such sufficiently homogeneous barrier films allows to minimize the variability of test conditions. Permeation study of developed compositions of an-timigraine medicinal product is conducted. The results obtained provide evidence of their qualitative compliance and allow to recommend laboratory permeability study on cellulose membranes for the selection and justification of the composition of pharmaceutical compositions. Bioavailability is a fundamental characteristic of pharmaceutical products for systemic action, which defines efficacy and speed of action. Permeability through biological membranes is defined not only by the properties of active component but also by the particulars of formulation. Due to the absence of standard bioavailability assessment methods for nasal preparations, literature review was conducted and methodology of in vitro permeability study for of nasal medicinal products for systemic action with the use of artificial membranes as well as cell line RPMI 2650 is developed. Permeation study of developed compositions of antimigraine medicinal product is conducted. The results obtained provide evidence of their qualitative compliance and allow to recommend laboratory permeability study on cellulose membranes as a screening tool in pharmaceutical development.

New 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-phenylisoquinoline-1(2H)-ones as Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Inhibitors for Treating Cancer and Other Diseases.

The patent describes novel useful compounds, such as PI3K protein kinase inhibitors, in particular as PI3K delta (δ) and/or gamma (γ) protein kinase modulators. The present disclosure also provides methods for preparing PI3K protein kinase inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods of treatment, prevention, and amelioration of PI3K kinase-mediated diseases, and disorders.

Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Healthcare Providers Regarding Halal Pharmaceuticals

Background The intersection of religious beliefs and medical practices significantly impacts medication usage and patient adherence to treatment regimens. Emerging within this discourse is the concept of halal pharmaceuticals, emphasizing the alignment of therapeutic drugs with religious beliefs. Despite its importance, there is limited awareness among healthcare providers (HCPs) regarding their ingredients, standards, and manufacturing processes, particularly in the Middle East region. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) of HCPs concerning Halal pharmaceuticals, which are crucial for addressing the growing concerns among patients and consumers. Methods A cross-sectional survey involved diverse HCPs (physicians, pharmacists, and nurses) in Jordan. The survey encompassed demographic data, knowledge about Halal pharmaceuticals, attitudes, and perceptions. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses were performed to examine the associations between demographic variables and KAP scores. Results A total of 381 HCPs participated in the study. While HCPs generally had a high level of knowledge, gaps existed, particularly concerning pharmaceutical composition and Halal alternatives. Attitudes and perceptions were mostly positive or neutral, though variations occurred among professions. Pharmacists exhibited significantly higher knowledge scores compared to physicians and nurses. Information sources included academic institutions, peers, religious and educational books, and online resources. Factors, such as age, marital status, religion, education type, insurance type, working place, and years of experience significantly influenced the KAP scores of participants. Conclusion Tailored educational interventions are critical for addressing knowledge gaps, fostering positive attitudes, and ensuring culturally sensitive healthcare related to Halal pharmaceuticals. Leveraging diverse information sources and tailoring education based on demographics can enhance understanding. Improved knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions enable HCPs to meet the needs of diverse patient populations and provide safe, Halal-compliant medications. Additionally, further research into the perspectives and willingness of patients to pay for Halal pharmaceuticals is essential to ensuring equitable access to pharmaceutical care services.

ГЕПАТОПРОТЕКТОРНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ ПРОИЗВОДНОГО 2-АМИНОЭТАНСУЛЬФОНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ПРИ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОМ ПОРАЖЕНИИ ПЕЧЕНИ В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ

We studied the hepatoprotective activity of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid derivative (laboratory code LBK-527) in antibiotic-associated liver injury. The studies were performed on 18 laboratory rats (Wistar line), divided into four groups: 1st - intact animals, 2nd - control group with tetracycline drug-induced liver injury (TDLI), 2nd group - experimental with DILI and injected LBK- 527 (28 mg/kg), group 3 – experimental with DILI, injected N-adenosyl-S-methionine for 14 days. DILI was induced by intragastric administration of tetracycline at a dose of 500 mg/kg for 5 days. Animals were removed from the experiment on 7 and 14 days and studied activity of aspartic (AST) and alanine (ALT) aminotransferases, total protein (TP), total bilirubin (TB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine (C). The liver was taken from all animals, weighed, and the macro- and microstructure was assessed, stained with hemotoxylin and eosin according to the standard method using a Nikon Eclipes Ni light microscope (Japan). Antibiotic-associated liver injury occurs of the cholestatic type and is characterized by an increase in ALP, TB and the ALT/ALP ratio by two times, decomposition of the hepatic beams, moderate necrosis, fatty degeneration of hepatocytes by 7 days. The administration of LBK-527 and N-adenosyl-S-methionine reduced the toxic effect of tetracycline on the liver, which was manifested in a decrease in the activity of cytolytic icholestatic syndromes, preservation of the beam structure of the liver, degeneration and congestion in the hepatic veins. By day 14, in the control group of animals there was a decrease in the activity of intracellular enzymatic systems of hepatocytes, but complete restoration of the liver structure did not occur in comparison with the intact group. Compound LBK-527 by day 14 The area of the cytoplasm, nucleus and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio approached the values of the intact group. The appearance of multinucleated hepatocytes indicated the activation of the synthetic activity of the liver and the launch of regeneration mechanisms. Thus, we can conclude that the pharmaceutical composition under study has a hepatoprotective effect.

Adsorption of an antiseptic in a functionalized fixed-bed: Analysis of breakthrough scenarios and validation of simplistic models defending a novel proposition

BackgroundChlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and cetrimide, which are widely used in various pharmaceutical compositions, are considered potentially hazardous compounds. This combination was largely used during and after Covid 19 pandemic for sanitization. Removal of these two compounds from pharmaceutical waste-water with commercial and functionalized activated carbon in a packed bed column is reported. MethodsEffects of changes in bed height, flow rate, and initial concentration on the performance of the packed bed are analyzed using Yoon-Nelson, BDST and Thomas models for commercial scale-up operation. The effects of primary design parameters like bed depth and operating parameters like inflow rate and inlet concentration of influent wastewater are studied on the extent of removal of cetrimide and chlorhexidine gluconate. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is functionalized using HF and NH4OH. The extent of enhanced adsorption using the functionalized GAC is demonstrated using breakthrough curves. Significant findingsK. H. Chu's iconic proposition is validated. Breakthrough time (BT) increases with bed heights and it is less in the case of cetrimide as compared to chlorhexidine gluconate. This shows that cetrimide wins in the competition and occupies the pores much faster than CHG.Mostly, BT-CHG (GAC) < BT-CHG (FAC-HF) < BT-CHG (FAC-NH3) and BT-cetrimide (GAC) < BT-cetrimide (FAC-NH3) < BT-cetrimide (FAC-HF) for a particular bed height.BT−CHG(FAC−HF)BT−cetrimide(FAC−HF)<BT−CHG(FAC−NH3)BT−cetrimide(FAC−NH3)<BT−CHG(GAC)BT−cetrimide(GAC)

CUBOSOME-A Novel Drug Delivery for Anticancer Drugs

Abstract: This literature study will investigate cubosomal preparation in various pharmaceutical compositions. Cubosomal particles are nanostructured liquid crystalline particles with submicron diameters ranging from 10 to 500 nanometers with high encapsulation efficacy. This literature has investigated the anatomy and function of cubosomal units, as well as their formulation, material application, benefit, disadvantage, and preparation technique. Due to their nano-irritancy, cubosomal nanostructures have become a preferred method for treating a range of illnesses.

Discovery of Novel Cysteine Protease Inhibitors for the Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19).

The application describes compounds, such as compounds of general Formula, with warheads and their use in treating medical diseases or disorders, such as viral infections. Pharmaceutical compositions and synthetic methods of various compounds with warheads are included. The compounds are inhibitors of proteases, such as the 3C, CL- or 3CL-like protease.

Preparation and Study of Stability Pharmaceutical Composition PSMA 11 and Radiopharmaceutical 99mtc PSMA 11 Labeled With 99mtc Radionuclide

This work is devoted to the study of the synthesis of a pharmaceutical composition (PhC) [PSMA-11] in the form of a lyophilisate with optimization of the amount of ingredients and sodium pertechnetate (Na99mTcO4) from the 99mTc Generator to obtain the radiopharmaceutical [ 99mTc]-PSMA-11 with the highest possible radiochemical yield (RCY) and radiochemical purity (RCP). The stability of radiopharmaceutical [99mТс]- PSMA-11 in 0.9% NaCl solution and in human serum was determined. The preliminary shelf life of PhC [PSMA-11] was determined and set to 6 months.

Recent Discovery of Triazine Derivatives as Protease Inhibitors for the Treatment of Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19)

Abstract: The present application describes a class of compounds exhibiting a coronavirus 3CL protease inhibitory effect and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The application also provides the synthesis of compounds and efficacy from in vitro and cell- based assays.

Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Ciprofloxacin and Hydrocortisone by H-Point Standard Addition Method

Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and hydrocortisone (Hyd) were simultaneously measured as hydrochloride and sodium succinate, respectively, using the H-point standard addition method (HPSAM). The approach can precisely identify Cip in the presence of Hyd with various analyte-to-interference ratios (5:5, 5:10, 10:5, 10:10) µg.mL-1, in mixed samples containing (1-5µg.ml-1) of Cip, at the wavelengths of (236 and 257) nm. In the same way, Hyd was analyzed in the presence of Cip in different analytes with an interference ratio of (5:5, 5:10, 10:5, 10:10) µg.mL-1, in mixed samples containing (1-5 µg.mL-1) of Hyd, at wavelengths of (266 and 278) nm. The satisfactory results show good reproducibility of the developed method (RSD equals 0.9735-1.6825 and 0.9692-1.7671 for Cip and Hyd, respectively). The results also show that the excipients had no influence on the assaying of the above drugs (Recovery, 98.87–101.73). The recommended technique has successfully been used to determine the Cip and Hyd in pharmaceutical composites simultaneously with an RSD range of (0.972 to 1.671) and (0.898 to 1.820) for Cip and Hyd, respectively.