In making management decisions on the selection of development strategy of an enterprise, on the definition of competetive advantage, as well as on formation of conditions of steady activity and advancement of the enterprise, the same characteristics of business unit is used. “Potential” concept among them is more significant. In scientific-theoretic aspect, the concept of potential is used on the level of a country’s economy in whole, field, region, as well as on the level of an enterprise. The idea of potential as a whole is considered as a set-determinant creating potential, which may include economic, resoursal, production, financial, strategic, market etc. In this view, the paper reflects the specification of methodological aspects of approaches to the economic potential of petrochemical enterprises, which are one of the leading spheres of a country’s industry, as well as the defintion, analysis and evaluation of a system of parameters charaterizing efficiency of economic potential.