Public Interest Perspective Research Articles

National And Public Interest Perspective on the Governance and Regulation of Carbon Capture and Storage Implementation in Indonesia

Recently Indonesian Government issued two important regulations regarding Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) namely, President Regulation No. 14/2024 and Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulations No. 2/2003. Both regulations have caused Indonesia's CCS Legal and Regulatory score by the Global CCS Institute to increase significantly. There are three criteria applied by the Global CCS Institute to define the score: regulation of trans boundaries movement of CCS, specific legal and regulatory framework, and facilitation of early project. Despite the increase in CCS score, some essential questions remain as crucial problems that are not solvable easily. Those questions regarding the national and common interest of Indonesian people by the issuance of both legal and regulations are still unclear, at least from the common people's perspective. The Presidential Regulation define dual schemes for CCS implementation: Contract Scheme and Permit Scheme. From the common people's perspective, both schemes need to be exercised further to respond to the public questions properly. Therefore, any reason behind the implementation of those two schemes as well as any potential benefit for Indonesia by implementing those two schemes in parallel are very important to be reviewed and analyzed. Reinforcement of Oil and Gas Production Sharing Contract Principles in the implementation of CCS in Indonesia are more favourable for the National and Public Interest Perspective.

Investment of Waqf funds in Malaysia: A Descriptive Study of Cultivating Uncultivated Land from Public Interest Perspective

Investment of Waqf funds in Malaysia: A Descriptive Study of Cultivating Uncultivated Land from Public Interest Perspective

Strengthening the Image of Islamic Schools Through the AIDA Approach: The Role of Public Relations in Engaging the Community

This research aims to reveal the strategy of public relations in building the image of Madrasah. The research was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah NU 05 Gemuh, using a qualitative approach and triangulation techniques. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations, and field observations. Sources of informants involved school principals, public relations, teachers, and student parents. The research results show that the public relations manager's strategy in building the Madrasah image involves the "Madrasah Greets" program. This approach involves understanding the internal and external conditions of the Madrasah, which is adopted through the Aida theory. Madrasah Greeting is implemented with steps such as understanding the image of the Madrasah from the perspective of attention, public interest, desire, and action. The next step is the implementation of Madrasah consistency and, finally, the Madrasah control program. The implications of this research are the realization of quality Madrasah capable of meeting the educational needs of the community, improving the quality of public education, making Madrasah a center for innovative and creative learning activities, as well as increasing confidence in the existence of Madrasah and eliminating arguments as a second option.

Analysis of Local Government Financial Capability and its Implications for the Sustainability of Regional Autonomy: The Perspective of Public Interest

Regional autonomy, or regional financial capacity, is an indicator used to assess the level of regional autonomy as one of the requirements for financing public services and development. The government's function will not be practical unless it receives maximal budget assistance; the government must have adequate local sources of revenue. This research aims to examine the diversity of regional financial capacity levels and their implications for the sustainability of regional autonomy from the perspective of community interests. This research method utilized multivariate statistics, profile analysis, and variance analysis. Data related to locally generated income, total regional income, total routine expenditure, and fund balance during 2013–2017 were analyzed and compared to assess the level of autonomy. In Lampung Province, 14 regional governments showed low levels of fiscal autonomy, routine expenditure index, and regional financial capacity. These regions were highly dependent on central government assistance through intergovernmental transfers. Between 2013 and 2017, only Bandar Lampung City and Metro City saw an increase in Local Government Revenue (PAD). Other regions stagnated, indicating low financial autonomy in the future due to fund transfers. This makes it difficult to meet public satisfaction levels in infrastructure, health, education, and social development due to budget limitations.

The public interest perspective in the medical grounds

The goals include the obtained results from the advisable sources, specifically as a sense of the carried-out analysis. So it is a conceivable objective that the legal national interest perspective should be explicit pursuant to the doctrine. The patient has a number of rights not cataloged numerus clausus. However, how has legislation changed in the face of the pandemic and European Union budgetary law? Did it have an impact on strengthening the law and increasing the focus on the patient? In such difficult times of a pandemic, it was necessary, therefore, to adapt more to technological and legal developments. The restrictions that resulted from the pandemic, however, were intended not to infringe on patients' acquired and absolute human rights. It is an important dogmatic and historical method in the sense that this is a work with a historical dimension because it is describing the most important events in the history of the globe for human rights and medical law, which are trying to combine. In conclusion, it is important to share knowledge in the field of medical law that is popularized in the field of documents considered medical, which has been discussed more in the text. It aims to indicate where an individual would assert the rights if not through the proliferation of specialized human rights courts. What is more significant, the representation of states is related to their international competencies, which may, in the future, ensure membership of other international organizations, in order to focus the role of a global coordinator of similar problems in the European sphere. It is the choice of countries to belong to international specialized organizations that make it easier to shape mechanisms for the protection of medical rights.

Optimization of a Rural Portfolio Credit Granting System Using Improved Two-Dimensional Strip Packing Grouping Delay Problem

Rural preferential loans usually take the form of portfolio credits. From the perspective of public interest, the total delay time for obtaining loans is expected to be minimized. To use rural portfolio credits effectively, the two-dimensional strip packing grouping delay problem (2SPGDP) is improved to optimize the rural portfolio credit granting system. First, 2SPGDP is established by adding grouping constraints and the latest start time constraints to the two-dimensional strip packing problem, and the total delay is taken as the optimization objective. Second, based on the depth search reverse spanning tree (DSRST) and the insert spare space (ISS) method, the branch-and-bound reverse order insert algorithm (BB-RIA) is designed. Finally, the lag pruning operator (LPO) is designed to reduce lag. The improved model (2SPGDP) and BB-RIA-LPO algorithm are used to solve several classical two-dimensional strip packing problems and a specific rural portfolio credit case. Compared with the Bottom-Left and Branch and Bound Algorithm, our model and algorithm improve the success rate by 25% and reduce the total delay by 6%. The case of rural portfolio credit illustrates the operability and effectiveness of this method.

Right to health on access to clean water in Indonesia

This paper presents the need for a human rights policy approach to eliminate climate injustice, especially in clean water. Also, the relationship between climate injustice with the right to health on the issue of clean water has been studied. In addition, a qualitative method based on library research and the decision on water cases has been presented. The main finding is that Indonesian policy regarding climate is still in the framework of programs and notions. Still, it is not yet established as a national policy with human rights approach. The article also shows that although the right to clean water does not explicitly write as a single definition, the core instruments of international human rights law oblige the government to protect, fulfill and promote the water right. In Indonesia, a water right is programmatic and regulated in economic models, but not from a right-based and public interest perspective. The right to health regarding the access, availability, and quality of water in Indonesia is not yet fulfilled under Indonesian human rights’ obligation as a member of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights.

Research on Public Interest in House Demolition

Many laws and regulations in China have stipulated that housing demolition and land expropriation can be carried out based on the needs of public interests, but there is no clear explanation of the meaning of public interest. Demolition occurs with the development of the city, and many demolition behaviors need specific guidance. From the perspective of historical evolution, public interest and national construction are inseparable. From the perspective of text, public interest can be divided into public interest and interest. The judgment of public interest also needs to be supervised and restricted by other organs when it is handed over to administrative organs. By dividing the construction purpose into different categories, it is convenient to define the public interest with different strictness and judge the public interest with certain procedural principles with the hope to achieve the effect of improving the evaluation mode of public interest.

Long-term care for persons in care needs from the perspective of public interest

Long-term care for persons in care needs from the perspective of public interest

Public Communication as an intersection for the construction of a MIL City concept: the São Paulo City

In this article we intend to analyze what is the state of the art in which the São Paulo City is in relation to the concept of Mil Cities, instituted in 2018 by UNESCO. From a group of metrics developed by the institu­ tion, we intend to see and measure effective actions that have already been implemented or are under development, that can serve as a basis to enable the construction of a MIL City in the analyzed public institu­ tion. In this tracking we want to understand how public communication from the perspective of public interest can establish itself as a paradigm, when governments, organizations and society demand a new and higher level of interlocution and exchange, with the purpose of transforming reality for a project that can transform the city of São Paulo into a MIL City. We use exploratory research in primary and secondary sources as a methodology.

공공성 관점에서 본 프라임 오피스의 저층부 공간 구성방식에 관한 연구 - 서울시 종로구ㆍ중구를 중심으로

도시설계 제도가 도입되고 상업화 시설이 확대되면서 프라임 오피스 저층부의 공간구성방식이 변화하였다. 변화된 공간구성방식을 살펴보기 위해 연구대상으로 서울의 대표적 중심업무지구인 종로구와 중구 일대의 프라임 오피스 20개 동을 선정하였다. 문헌 조사, 현장 조사 및 도면 분석을 통해 프라임 오피스의 저층부 공간구성방식을 살펴보고 특성을 도출하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 업무시설과 업무 외 시설의 진입 공간을 분리하고 대중교통과의 직접연결 방식을 다양화하여 접근성을 확보하였다. 둘째, 1층 외부 공간의 비율과 내부 공개 공간의 비율을 확대하여 개방성을 확보하였다. 셋째, 기존 도시조직과의 연결 및 내 · 외부 공간 간의 연결을 통해 연계성을 확보하였다. 본 연구는 대형 업무시설의 저층부를 공공성 관점에서 입체적으로 살펴보았다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 향후 대형 오피스의 공공성과 관련한 정책수립 및 기성시가지에 대형 오피스를 계획하는 경우에 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있다.

Corporate social responsibility and stock price informativeness: The public interest perspective

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new theory that sheds a different light on the potential relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Stock Price Informativeness (PI). More specifically, we explain why a neutral association between CSR and PI can be an indicator of high economic and social welfare, while a positive association can be an indicator of both markets and governments failure. Under a neutral relationship, we argue that mandatory disclosure is getting firms to disclose near their optimal level. Therefore, any voluntary disclosure beyond the mandatory regime (such as CSR disclosure) should not improve PI. We base our hypothesis on public interest theory that suggests that regulators promote the public interest when a market failure is identified. On the other hand, under a positive association between CSR and PI, we argue that regulators do not offer adequate incentives for firms to disclose at their socially optimal levels because the level of voluntary disclosure by socially responsible firms is optimal in comparison to the level of mandatory disclosure provided by other firms with weak CSR engagement.

EDUCATING OF COMMUNITY TO CORRDINATE INETRESTS IN SPATIAL PLANNING

The main obstacles of low effectiveness of public participation in the development process of spatial planning documents in Latvia are the lack of confidence of the population in the effectiveness of public participation, the lack of adequate competence and skills of local authorities for involvement of different interest groups, insufficient understanding of society about the coordination the interests of individuals with spatial development aims in different planning levels, as well as with the aims of sustainable development of local government territory. There are a variety of informal measures and methods which the municipality can use to raise the level of public knowledge and awareness about spatial planning to achieve the best outcomes from both the public interest and sustainable development perspective. These measures help a more active involvement and effectiveness of participation of community in the spatial planning process. The purpose of the study is to describe the problems of coordination of different interests, insufficient public participation, as well as to identify the educational opportunities for the matching the different interests in spatial development planning process in Latvia. The following tasks were identified in order to achieve the objective of the study: (1) to justify the needs for the coordination of interests in the spatial planning process; (2) to identify the main problems of public involvement and educational opportunities for the coordination of the interests. Methods used - content analysis, document analysis, deductive and inductive method, comparative analysis.

Auditing in the Public Interest: Reforming the Profession by Building on the Strengths of the Existing Accounting Firms

Due to audit quality concerns on the part of regulators and investors, accounting firms may need to re-evaluate their business model. Rethinking the current structure is important because it is difficult to observe audit quality and to differentiate between functional and dysfunctional commercial incentives of accounting firms. Consequently, it is hard for regulators to determine, and for auditors to demonstrate, whether the profession is acting in the public interest. In this essay, we argue why the current model may be suboptimal and offer thoughts on what may be a more sustainable alternative – from a public interest perspective – to the status quo: An Audit Board. This Audit Board is conceived as a quasi-governmental organization that would conduct financial statement audits for public interest entities. We envision an organization consisting of a core permanent staff of experienced audit experts that is complemented by fellows drawn from the existing accounting firms who take a job at the Board for a certain time period. We presented our proposal to various stakeholders (19 sessions with 108 attendees) to promote debate and to refine our thinking. Our proposal is relevant for regulators in their efforts of motivating auditors to act in the public interest. It would create an entity that is expert in auditing but avoids many of the independence problems faced by for-profit accounting firms. While this proposal certainly deviates from the current model, we hope that it will spark good conversations that may lead to rethinking of the status quo.

Auditing in the public interest: Reforming the profession by building on the strengths of the existing accounting firms

Due to audit quality concerns on the part of regulators and investors, accounting firms may need to re-evaluate their business model. Rethinking the current structure is important because it is difficult to observe audit quality and to differentiate between functional and dysfunctional commercial incentives of accounting firms. Consequently, it is hard for regulators to determine, and for auditors to demonstrate, whether the profession is acting in the public interest. In this essay, we argue why the current model may be suboptimal and offer thoughts on what may be a more sustainable alternative – from a public interest perspective – to the status quo: An Audit Board. This Audit Board is conceived as a quasi-governmental organization that would conduct financial statement audits for public interest entities. We envision an organization consisting of a core permanent staff of experienced audit experts that is complemented by fellows drawn from the existing accounting firms who take a job at the Board for a certain time period. We presented our proposal to various stakeholders (19 sessions with 108 attendees) to promote debate and to refine our thinking. Our proposal is relevant for regulators in their efforts of motivating auditors to act in the public interest. It would create an entity that is expert in auditing but avoids many of the independence problems faced by for-profit accounting firms. While this proposal certainly deviates from the current model, we hope that it will spark good conversations that may lead to rethinking of the status quo.

Arbitration Clauses and Disputes from the Central European Perspective: Blurring the Public-Private Divide

The article begins by discussing arbitration clauses in public-private contracts entered into by public entities with private foreign investors. The authors plunged into the Czech Republic’s archives to dig out privatization contracts and look into dispute resolution mechanisms. The need for foreign investment, however, is not limited to the privatization process in the 1990s. The authors thus also explore current practices used when signing memoranda of understanding and investment contracts with foreign investors in three Central European countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland). The authors then discuss public-private arbitration disputes. The focus is on both commercial arbitration arising out of public-private contracts and investment arbitration. Legitimate state concerns for the public interest are present in both types of proceedings; therefore, referring to the public-private divide does not make much sense from a public interest perspective.

Conflicts of interest in e-cigarette research: A public good and public interest perspective.

The tobacco industry's involvement in the electronic cigarette research that informs public health policy is controversial. On the one hand, some are concerned that their involvement presents conflicts of interest that bias research outputs and invalidate the policies that use them. On the other hand, some have argued that the tobacco industry may support valid research and contribute to the goals of public health, for instance, if the interests of the e-cigarette industry could be part of a tobacco smoking cessation policy. We approach this debate from the ethical perspective of the public interest and the public good, considering how legitimate researchers can square their expert opinion with validating tobacco industry-funded research, given the perfidy of the tobacco industry and paucity of robust, conclusive evidence on the public health impacts of liberalizing e-cigarette use.

Multiple Sharia' board directorship: a Maslahah (public interest) perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the legal paradigm of multiple Sharia' board directorship practice from the Sharia' law concept of Maslahah Al-Mursalah (public interest).Design/methodology/approachIt uses a doctrinal research method that relies on the commonly referred sources of Quran and Sunnah, with a specific focus on Maslahah Al-Mursalah and, where applicable, commentaries by contemporary scholars, academics and practitioners as well as translations of classical book of Fiqh. This study scrutinises the polarity of views concerning the distinct Masyaqqah (necessity) surrounding the practice in discussion: the Masyaqqah that encourages and one that discourages the application of the practice.FindingsThis study is keen to suggest the industry to adopt a cautious approach and consider exploring a corporate governance framework that appraises the theoretical and practical Sharia' issues concerning its application in cognisance of its adversarial influence towards the sustainability of Islamic banking industry.Originality/valueSince Murat Unal’s study of multiple Sharia' board directorships in 2009 and 2011, empirical works that scrutinise the practice from the Sharia' law perspective have remained limited or almost non-existent. It is aspired that this study may assist fellow readers and future researchers alike in evaluating and appreciating the divergent views surrounding the application of this practice in Islamic banking.

Influence in the International Competition Network (Icn): Who Seeks It, How Do They Do This and Why?

Influence in the International Competition Network (Icn): Who Seeks It, How Do They Do This and Why?

An Economic and Public Policy view of Demonetization in India

The paper will look at the recent demonetization exercise that the government of India imposed on its people. The demonetization exercise was marketed from a Public Interest perspective as a way to eliminate corruption, increase the tax base and to fight terrorism. However, the Public Choice perspective brings out the political self-interest involved in the demonetization exercise. The role of foreign and domestic interest groups involved in pushing for demonetization will be explored. Insights from Austrian Economics will show why top down planning fails and results in more controls. Insights from Public Policy shows that the lasting impact of demonetization is an increased interest in digital payments.