Personal Perspective Research Articles

A compendium of all-in-one solar-driven water splitting using ZnIn2S4-based photocatalysts: guiding the path from the past to the limitless future.

Photocatalytic water splitting represents a leading approach to harness the abundant solar energy, producing hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy carrier. Zinc indium sulfide (ZIS) emerges as one of the most captivating candidates attributed to its unique physicochemical and photophysical properties, attracting much interest and holding significant promise in this domain. To develop a highly efficient ZIS-based photocatalytic system for green energy production, it is paramount to comprehensively understand the strengths and limitations of ZIS, particularly within the framework of solar-driven water splitting. This review elucidates the three sequential steps that govern the overall efficiency of ZIS with a sharp focus on the mechanisms and inherent drawbacks associated with each phase, including commonly overlooked aspects such as the jeopardising photocorrosion issue, the neglected oxidative counter surface reaction kinetics in overall water splitting, the sluggish photocarrier dynamics and the undesired side redox reactions. Multifarious material design strategies are discussed to specifically mitigate the formidable limitations and bottleneck issues. This review concludes with the current state of ZIS-based photocatalytic water splitting systems, followed by personal perspectives aimed at elevating the field to practical consideration for future endeavours towards sustainable hydrogen production through solar-driven water splitting.

Sportify: Question Answering with Embedded Visualizations and Personified Narratives for Sports Video.

As basketball's popularity surges, fans often find themselves confused and overwhelmed by the rapid game pace and complexity. Basketball tactics, involving a complex series of actions, require substantial knowledge to be fully understood. This complexity leads to a need for additional information and explanation, which can distract fans from the game. To tackle these challenges, we present Sportify, a Visual Question Answering system that integrates narratives and embedded visualization for demystifying basketball tactical questions, aiding fans in understanding various game aspects. We propose three novel action visualizations (i.e., Pass, Cut, and Screen) to demonstrate critical action sequences. To explain the reasoning and logic behind players' actions, we leverage a large-language model (LLM) to generate narratives. We adopt a storytelling approach for complex scenarios from both first and third-person perspectives, integrating action visualizations. We evaluated Sportify with basketball fans to investigate its impact on understanding of tactics, and how different personal perspectives of narratives impact the understanding of complex tactic with action visualizations. Our evaluation with basketball fans demonstrates Sportify's capability to deepen tactical insights and amplify the viewing experience. Furthermore, third-person narration assists people in getting in-depth game explanations while first-person narration enhances fans' game engagement.

Commensurability engineering is first and foremost a theoretical exercise.

I provide a personal perspective on metastudies and emphasize lesser-known benefits. I stress the need for integrative theories to establish commensurability between experiments. I argue that mathematical social scientists should be engaged to develop integrative theories, and that likelihood functions provide a common mathematical framework across experiments. The development of quantitative theories promotes commensurability engineering on a larger scale.

Online Learning in Primary School: Perspectives of Teachers, Students, Parents

Part of the life of the society in which it develops and on which it has an impact perhaps not always fully assumed and respected, the school benefits both from the scientific structure and from the tendency - natural and necessary - to investigate the new. So how do we deal with the digital reality that students live in and that even the most conservative of teachers can't dissociate themselves from? Here is the plot of this work! In this context, the purpose of this work is to investigate and assess the impact of online schooling on Romanian grounds, following the opinions of the three active educational performers immerged in it the most: teachers, pupils, parents. The inquiry has followed the primary education learning path, as part of a deeper concern for this field, with an open eye towards both achievements and challenges. The questionnaires have given the possibility to all three categories to express personal perspectives and conclusions. The reasonable deduction of the present educational approach is that online courses represent a milestone in the functioning of Romanian schools, providing us with the ability to acknowledge the importance of both direct interaction and need to develop acquires in terms of technology.

Discovery, synthesis, activities, structure-activity relationships, and clinical development of combretastatins and analogs as anticancer drugs. A comprehensive review.

Covering: 1982 to up to the end of 2022Bioassay guided purification of the extracts of Combretum caffrum led to the discovery of six series of combretastatins A-D with cytotoxic activities ranging from sub nM to >50 μM ED50's against a wide variety of cancer cell lines. Of these, cis-stilbenes combretastatins A-4 and A-1 were the most potent, exhibiting in vivo efficacy against a wide variety of tumor types in murine models. These antimitotic agents inhibited tubulin polymerization by reversibly binding to the colchicine binding sites. They inhibited tumor growth by a novel antivascular and antineogenesis mechanism in which they stopped blood flows to the blood vessels causing necrosis. Over 20 clinical trials of the phosphate prodrugs of combretastatin A-4 (CA4P) and A-1 (CA1P) showed objective and stable responses against many tumor types, with increased survival times of many patients along with the confirmed cure of certain patients inflicted with anaplastic thyroid cancers. Medicinal chemistry efforts led to the identification of three new leads (AVE8062, BNC105P, SCB01A) with improved in vitro and in vivo potency and an often-improved cellular spectrum. Unfortunately, these preclinical improvements did not translate clinically in any meaningful way. Objectively, CA4P remained the best compound and has garnered many Orphan drug designations by FDA. Clinical trials with tumor genetic mapping, particularly from previous responders, may help boost the success of these compounds in future studies. A comprehensive review of combretastatin series A-D, including bioassay guided discovery, total syntheses, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, biological and mechanistic studies, and preclinical and clinical evaluations of the isolated combretastatins and analogs, along with the personal perspective of the author who originated this project, is presented.

Effect of critical thinking disposition on employee innovative behavior: A meta-theory of personality perspective

In today's highly uncertain and complex environment, innovation plays a critical role in an organization's survival and development. Therefore, examining factors that drive employee innovative behavior is necessary. Drawing from meta-theory of personality, this study explores the influence of critical thinking disposition on employee innovative behavior. Using data from a three-wave questionnaire survey of 481 employees, the analysis reveals that: (1) intrinsic motivation mediates the positive relationship between critical thinking disposition and employee innovative behavior; (2) supervisor support for innovation moderates the positive relationship between critical thinking disposition and intrinsic motivation. This relationship is stronger when supervisors provide high levels of support for innovation than low levels of support; and (3) supervisor support for innovation also moderates the indirect influence of critical thinking disposition on innovative behavior through intrinsic motivation. This effect is stronger when supervisors offer high levels of support for innovation. These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms through which critical thinking disposition influences innovative behavior. Moreover, they have important practical implications for managers in implementing staff selection and training, and creating a supportive environment that promotes employee innovative behavior.

C3N5-based nanomaterials and their applications in heterogeneous catalysts, energy harvesting, and environmental remediation.

Over the past few decades, the global reliance on fossil fuels and the exponential growth of human population have escalated global energy consumption and environmental issues. To tackle these dual challenges, metal catalysts, in particular precious metal ones, have emerged as pivotal players in the fields of environment and energy. Among the numerous metal-free and organic catalyst materials, C3N5-based materials have a major advantage over their carbon nitride (CxNy) counterparts owing to the abundant availability of raw materials, non-toxicity, non-hazardous nature, and exceptional performance. Although significant efforts have been dedicated to synthesising and optimising the applicable properties of C3N5-based materials in recent years, a comprehensive summary of the immediate parameters of this promising material is still lacking. Given the rapid development of C3N5-based materials, a timely review is essential for staying updated on their strengths and weaknesses across various applications, as well as providing guidance for designing efficient catalysts. In this study, we present an extensive overview of recent advancements in C3N5-based materials, encompassing their physicochemical properties, major synthetic methods, and applications in photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and adsorption, among others. This systematic review effectively summarises both the advantages and shortcomings associated with C3N5-based materials for energy and environmental applications, thus offering researchers focussed on CxNy-materials an in-depth understanding of those based on C3N5. Finally, considering the limitations and deficiencies of C3N5-based materials, we have proposed enhancement schemes and strategies, while presenting personal perspectives on the challenges and future directions for C3N5. Our ultimate aim is to provide valuable insights for the research community in this field.

독일 정치교육의 보이텔스바흐 합의 원칙 적용 연구

This research aims to derive insights for the development of our principles for unification education by conducting an in-depth analysis of the application of the Beutelsbach Consensus principles in German political education. To accomplish this goal, we examined the key principle of the Beutelsbach Consensus principles in German political education and analyzed how this principle is applied in practice. Based on this, we analyzed the appropriateness and limitations of applying the Beutelsbach Consensus principles to unification education and derived insights for the development of principles for unification education. Through this research, we propose the following directions for the unification education principles: First, Openness of learning objectives beyond fostering reunification awareness to elevate interest in unification issues that consider learners' characteristics and interests. Second, Balance in addressing both negative and positive aspects of North Korea within the context of understanding North Korea. Third, Integration of individual and societal dimensions in addressing unification issues from both personal and societal perspectives.

“Double mirror” reflections technique: a case study in creative interactive poetry therapy (CIPT)

ABSTRACT The aim of the article is to offer a therapeutical technique as part of the Creative Interactive Poetry Therapy (CIPT) expressive writing process. A teen Client analyzes self-authored poems according to two points of view: (1) Looking “objectively” at each poem (detached third person perspective) directly through the words reflecting on the “surface of the mirror” and (2) Looking “subjectively” (deeply involved perspective) on what is hidden behind the words, as the “mirror” reflects the inner depth of the writer. At the end of the process of writing poems and reflections, the adolescent Client discusses the benefits and drawbacks of this approach and how all of this influenced him during the therapy. Any therapist may use this “Double Mirror” add-on technique to deepen the understanding of the potential in written spontaneous poetry and of the Client writer - all as part of the phenomenon of writing poetry for well-being.

The work effectiveness and its influencing factors of child directors in China

AbstractImplementing the child director policy is an innovation in China's child protection practice, and the work of child directors aims to provide care and protection services for vulnerable children in communities and villages. According to the person–environment fit theory (i.e., needs–supplies fit), this study evaluated the work effectiveness of child directors and its influencing factors from environmental and personal perspectives. The results revealed that the supportive work environment (i.e., management, training, and supervision) and personal factors (i.e., professional competency and career identity) positively influenced the work effectiveness of child directors, and professional competency and career identity mediated the relationship between the supportive work environment and the work effectiveness. The findings provided evidence for improving the implementation of child director policy in the future.

Bring more than green? The impact of green human resource management on hospitality employees' organizational citizenship behaviors

AbstractHotels are implementing green human resource management to achieve sustainable development in response to increasingly stringent environmental policies and to meet stakeholder expectations. This study aims to elucidate the impact of green human resource management (GHRM) on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) implemented by hospitality employees in organizational, interpersonal, and customer contexts, respectively. Specifically, a mediation model with dual moderation from employees' personality, perceptual and cognitive perspectives simultaneously is proposed, which supported by organizational support theory, social identity theory and social cognitive theory. Structural equation modeling is used to evaluate 440 data collected from the Chinese hospitality industry based on conditional sampling method. This paper finds that GHRM can promote OCBs towards the organization and customers and perceived CSR has a mediating effect. Employees' environmental value positively moderates the promotion of perceived CSR through GHRM implementation, and the proactive personality positively moderates the relationship between perceived CSR and OCBs towards the organization and customers. The original value of the study lies in the simultaneous consideration of the three aspects of employees' cognition, perception, and personality, expanding the research perspective of GHRM and discovering the benefits beyond green that this green management model can bring. For hotel managers, this study helps them understand that GHRM brings hotels more than just green. Hotels should focus on matching potential employees' attributes with the organizational culture during recruitment and on improving employees' environmental value and proactive personality level during their subsequent training.

Grieving Time: A Radio Play

This play called Grieving Time, was written from the personal perspective of Rachel Fehily, author and barrister, in 2020 as a response to the Irish Coronavirus lockdown, with a theme based around how small comforts during the lockdown affected people’s grieving process. It was created through a process of collaboration and rehearsal between the author, actor, and producer within the constraints of the time. It was written in monologue for an actor with whom the author had worked previously. The completed radio play was broadcast on 17 August 2021 by the Irish public service broadcaster, Raidió Teilifís Éireann on the radio programme, Drama on One. It is available as a podcast on https://www.rte.ie/radio/dramaonone/1241306-grieving-time-by-rachel-fehily. The intended effect is to create a sense of communitas among listeners.

An Integrated Care Model for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Peoples in Southeast Queensland Australia: Establishing an Indigenous Hospital in The Home Program 

Health inequity and unjust access to care and a higher burden of chronic disease persist in Australia for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (respectfully Indigenous) peoples. For example, in 2015 -2017, compared with non-Indigenous people, Indigenous people had 3.1 times higher rate of in hospitalisation, 4.7 times higher rate of Discharge Against Medical Advice, and almost three times the rate of Potentially Preventable Hospitalisations. These are significant measures of healthcare inequity that highlight the lack of an integrated care model for Indigenous people.
 Hospital in the Home (HITH) has been a successful integrated care model globally. There is an extensive international research base, including a meta-analysis of 61 randomised control trials, as well as growing experience in Australia. The demonstrated beneficial impact of HITH programs includes equal or better patient clinical outcomes, higher patient satisfaction, reduced hospital admission and re-admissions and reduced overall costs. Despite recognising the inequities in health outcomes for Indigenous people, there has been no published report of Indigenous-specific models of HITH in Australia.
 Culturally safe health services which address potential institutional barriers to acute inpatient care can improve Indigenous peoples’ access to and the quality of integrated health care. An Indigenous HITH program (I-HITH) will integrate the models of care between secondary and primary care sectors, aiming to improve care outcomes of Indigenous people, via bringing acute care, and the management of acute exacerbations of chronic conditions, closer to home and/or community.
 The need for an I-HITH program led by the Indigenous community was identified during extensive consultation undertaken by Brisbane North Primary Health Network, Metro North Health and Institute of Urban Indigenous Health, the largest Aboriginal community controlled primary healthcare provider in Australia which provides primary health care for approximately 50% of all Indigenous people in the catchment area. Community leaders, clinical, and system leaders have co-designed the I-HITH program with interventions across the health sectors including hospitals, primary and community-based services, and residential aged care. In the I-HITH model, there has been the establishment of a Primary Care Pathway whereby the GP has admitting rights and retains governance of the patient whilst they are admitted.
 In the process of establishing this innovative and integrated model of care for Indigenous people in Australia, there have been positive experiences and lessons learnt that could be valuable for other countries especially if the goal is to deliver timely and effectively care for priority groups of peoples. These include 1) co-design process in system innovation and changes in healthcare settings; 2) leadership and cross-sectorial partnerships focusing on integrated care transitions between organisations; 3) clinical governance especially from the whole person perspective in their care plans; 4) incremental referrals to I-HITH ensuring the shared-decision making process that aligns with clients’ values and principles; 5) evaluation team in the whole journey of the development, implementation, and outcome assessment, and continuous quality improvement.
 The program evaluation includes measures of process, implementation, and outcomes using mixed methods. The team is now ready to receive its first patient.

Pandemic Patient Engagement Success: Maintaining Family Presence Through Partnership

This presentation is relevant for patients of hospitals and residents of long-term care facilities, their loved ones and essential partners in care, and staff and leadership of healthcare facilities.
 A painful pandemic challenge for patients, families and staff in hospitals was the absence of loved ones or essential care partners through Family Presence/Visitor Policy restrictions. Leadership at Kingston Health Sciences Centre (KHSC) worked proactively with the Patient and Family Advisory Council and a small, diverse group of Patient Experience Advisors to plan for possible restrictions and consider how best to approach ongoing changes and challenges to the policy expected in the face of the pandemic. The group continues to work together at this time of uncertainty.
 An initial meeting of eight advisors and leaders took place prior to the World Health Organization’s official announcement of the pandemic. Due to growing concern about hospital infections, the meeting venue was a local coffee shop, hence the group became known throughout the hospital as The Balzac’s Group. Synchronous virtual meetings and asynchronous communication were employed by the group to address concerns and create family presence opportunities on a rapid response basis. Group collaboration remains evident as new concerns arise with the ongoing ebb and flow of COVID-19 hospitalizations, staff shortages and less restrictive family presence policies. This partnership has been pivotal to the organization’s pandemic planning and response, enabling family presence while respecting government directives, organizational challenges, and patient/family priorities.
 This collaboration informed several new and sustained initiatives including: a virtual visits process, ePostcards, a Care Partner Program, expanded cell phone use in restricted areas, resources for loved ones traveling distances, careful and measured increases in family presence and a family presence policy Exceptions Committee.
 An unexpected outcome was an increased level of respect and strengthened patient engagement. Factors influencing this success were transparency and trust in sharing sensitive or confidential information, mutual decision-making, frank and honest sharing of both personal and professional perspectives, and active listening. Many KHSC advisors increased their patient partnership activities during the pandemic and felt an enhanced sense of agency in their efforts to improve the patient experience in healthcare.
 
 This initiative may be a source of new ideas, inspiration, and encouragement for patient partners and hospital leaders to actively partner in co-design and delivery of compassionate person-centred policies and care, especially during times of crisis.
 The group continues to be the “go-to” group for family presence policy questions. The strengthened relationship with Patient Advisors has had a spillover effect more broadly into other hospital initiatives and increased awareness of the value of their input. We hope to continue to share this success story broadly to encourage other healthcare facilities to partner with the precious resource of patients, families, and patient advisors, at all levels of health care. We are considering a Patient Advisor led publication in the future.

Exploratory Short Stay: Regaining Perspective on Optimal Home Care

A beautiful old age, at home in your own environment, enjoying life. But what if an acute crisis situation arises? Fortunately, this does not always have to be the end of the dream of living at home for as long as possible. An exploratory short stay in a residential care center can then be an appropriate solution.
 The Exploratory Short Stay is aimed at elderly people who find themselves in a crisis situation, for example due to a fall, the sudden death of the partner or the loss of the caregiver. This new offer focuses on the future and a safe return home.
 The elderly can count on the years of experience of experts here. A team of nurses, healthcare professionals, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, psychologists, general practitioners and social workers will set out the right trajectory in a multidisciplinary consultation. Offering the psychological component is precisely this added value compared to the classic short stay. Furthermore, the strength of this team is that it can respond flexibly to specific needs of the client.
 On the basis of personalized and tailor-made advice, they offer the person perspective to return to their own environment. Even during that temporary stay in the residential care center, the home care services will examine how the necessary care and support can be organized at home. At the end of the stay, all possible future plans are discussed with the resident, family, informal carers and primary care staff.
 An exploratory short stay opens up new perspectives for family and carers. Combined 'care' forms are possible without the client losing independence. If a return home is not the best option, the possibility of a long term stay is also open.
 The Exploratory Short Stay was regulated by the Flemish government in 2020, building on years of experience in the elderly care sector. Crucial are the involvement of a multidisciplinary team in the residential care center on the one hand, and close cooperation with primary care actors and family/caregivers on the other.
 
 Together we choose quality of life:
 Comfort and social relationships, care and support in a trusted environment.

Patient and public involvement in international research: Perspectives of a team of researchers from six countries on collaborating with people with lived experiences of dementia and end-of-life.

Patient and public involvement (PPI) is a critical priority in research, policy, academia and advocacy organizations. PPI in dementia research is gaining momentum. However, these efforts are missing in international projects aimed at those living with advanced dementia in long-term care (LTC) homes. Additional complexities can arise in enacting PPI within the context of integration of a palliative approach to care and experiences around end-of-life in (EOL) dementia. The mySupport study involved implementing the Family Carer Decision Support (FCDS) intervention for care partners of those living with advanced dementia in LTC in six countries. An interpretive description study was conducted to explore the perspectives of international researchers from six countries on engaging people with lived experiences of dementia and EOL care in research processes. The findings from this study informed the development of a PPI strategy and a subsequent toolkit for the FCDS intervention. Thirty-eight interviews were completed with project researchers: 12 from the United Kingdom, 8 from Canada, 7 from Ireland, 4 each from Italy and The Netherlands and 3 from the Czech Republic. Four broad themes describe international researchers' perspectives on advancing methods of engagement for people with lived experiences of dementia and EOL in international PPI activities: (1) Groundwork to engage in research; (2) planning for research activities is key; (3) focus on meaningful engagement and (4) having foresight for practical issues shaping PPI. International projects that involve PPI can present many sources of challenges. The findings in this study highlight important considerations for foundational work for incorporating PPI in international projects. Learning from world leaders and those with lived experiences in various regions can be insightful and help share tools and resources. PPI was envisioned as a critical part of conducting the mySupport study. The findings from this study informed the development of a PPI strategy and an international Strategic Guiding Council that included family carers of those living with advanced dementia in LTC homes in six countries. This manuscript focused on the perspectives of researchers on their engagement with people with lived experiences of dementia and EOL. The perspectives of persons with lived experiences on engaging in the mySupport research study will be reported in a forthcoming manuscript.

'The program director's word … it's stronger than the word of God': Epistemic injustice revealed through narratives of remediated graduate medical education residents.

Though graduate medical education (GME) residency training provides positive experiences for many trainees, it may also result in major stressors and negative experiences, particularly for those requiring remediation. Residents requiring remediation may experience feelings of dismay, shame and guilt that can negatively affect their training, self-efficacy and their medical careers. Power differentials between educators and residents may set the stage for epistemic injustice, which is injustice resulting from the silencing or dismissing a speaker based on identity prejudice. This can lead to decreased willingness of trainees to engage with learning. There is a paucity of literature that explores GME experiences of remediation from the resident perspective. To synthesise the narratives of physician experiences of remediation during residency through the lens of epistemic injustice. Between January and July 2022, we interviewed US physicians who self-identified as having experienced remediation during residency. They shared events that led to remediation, personal perspectives and emotions about the process and resulting outcomes. Interviews were analysed using narrative analysis with attention to instances of epistemic injustice. We interviewed 10 participants from diverse backgrounds, specialties and institutions. All participants described contextual factors that likely contributed to their remediation: (1) previous academic difficulty/nontraditional path into medicine, (2) medical disability or (3) minoritised race, gender or sexual identity. Participants felt that these backgrounds made them more vulnerable in their programmes despite attempts to express their needs. Participants reported instances of deflated credibility and epistemic injustices with important effects. Participant narratives highlighted that deep power and epistemic imbalances between learners and educators can imperil GME trainees' psychological safety, resulting in instances of professional and personal harm. Our study suggests applying an existing framework to help programme directors (PDs) approach remediation with epistemic humility.

The Application Status and Development Trend of Cloud Computing Technology in Chess

With the rapid advancement of computer technology, renowned chess engines have timely updated and iterated, incorporating state-of-the-art technologies such as cloud computing, machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks. These technologies assist players in studying historical matches and improving their playing abilities and skills. This article focuses on the current status of integrating cloud computing technology with chess. It analyzes the developmental background and performance characteristics of different chess engines, explores the guiding principles and underlying logic of mainstream engines in analyzing chess games, and examines the current application status and future trends of cloud computing technology in chess. Furthermore, the article provides personal perspectives and suggestions regarding existing challenges and future directions of development.

The Expressions of Political Portraits in Mass Media: Foreign and National Experience

This scientific essay examines the notion, genesis, development, and hierarchical stages of political portraiture. An analysis was conducted on the communication between political leaders, the state government, and the public, as portrayed in printed and online sources. The materials published in Uzbek and foreign publications analyze the author’s use of first–person perspective, writing style, abilities, intellectual approach, and emotional approach. The expression of the place, role, position, perspective, ability, and “image” of political individuals in the political sphere is conveyed. The author provides illustrations of democracy, impartiality, truthfulness, and popularism principles, as well as the efficacy of the sources. The theory of journalism examines the comparative study of methodological approaches in the genre of political portraiture.

Biopolitics, Immunity, and Religion: A Brief Critical Reading of Roberto Esposito

In Western culture, it is possible to trace an archeology of the political as an effect of theological-political devices (essentially Christian-inspired). If we add to this the evolution of politics, in modern times, towards biopolitics, then this relationship focuses on very concrete topics. This is the case of the immunological process—from a personal, social, and philosophical perspective—thoroughly analyzed by the Italian philosopher Roberto Esposito. In the context of his philosophical immunology, the place of religion is mainly archaeological and is interpreted critically: either as an immunization mechanism that results in self-immunization, destroying what it intends to defend; or in another way, from a perspective closer to the Christian tradition, as a “theological–political machine”, based on the “person” device, which ends up giving rise to binarisms that dissolve themselves into the One, by the domain of one of the poles. This article aims to critically analyze his position on both aspects, proposing a reading close to his thought but which is, at the same time, somewhat different. This proposal is directly inspired by neither a binarian nor an immunological, but rather a “ternary” trinitarian theology. The originality of the article lies in evaluating the place of religion within Esposito’s philosophical immunology—which has not been worked on—as well as in a critical discussion on his interpretation either of religion or of some theological–political devices; this critical approach is based on an alternative reading of the same topics.