Personality-oriented Approach Research Articles

USE OF LEARNING APPS IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT UNIVERSITIES

This paper demonstrates the results of the study on using mobile learning apps for teaching English at Kazakhstan universities. Use of learning apps is considered to be an important factor in keeping young people interested in learning. Moreover, learners take this opportunity to use the mobile apps to learn the language skills and focus more on learning them both inside and outside the classroom. Use of learning apps has added new dimensions in teaching and learning English. They opened new potential for students and increased their level of language preparation and formation of language skills. Through learning apps, a personality-oriented approach to learning is implemented, individualization and differentiation of learning is provided taking into account the abilities of students.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCE FOR STUDENT YOUTH IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCE FOR STUDENT YOUTH IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

The pedagogical support system for students working at school

Introduction. The acute shortage of young teachers currently observed in Russia is of particular interest to students who have already started working in the education field during their studies. The search for ways to support and prevent potential difficulties for such students is the subject of discussion. Aim. The aim of the study is to explore potential strategies to assist students from pedagogical universities who are working in schools while mastering the basic professional educational programme. Methodology and research methods were based on systemic, activity-based, and personality-oriented approaches. Theoretical (analysis and author’s interpretation of psychological and pedagogical literature on the problem of accompanying higher education students, systematisation, and generalisation of scientific research results) and empirical (questionnaires, interviews, analysis and interpretation of results, pedagogical modelling) methods were used. Results and scientific novelty. The study presents a proven pedagogical system that considers the full cycle of support aimed at identifying the challenges faced by working students, determining the main directions of targeted support, implementing it, and fostering the development of students in educational and professional activities. The content and format of the subjects’ activities at each stage of support are described: preparation, correction, enrichment, reflection. The dyads “student-teacher” and “young teacher-teacher-mentor” are combined to address the shared goal of offering comprehensive support. Practical significance. The developed model of support for students at a pedagogical university who are working at schools can be implemented in the training of future teachers at the university and in the educational institutions where the students are employed.

Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Dysfunction: Methodological Foundations for Prevention and Correction Model

The article introduces a comprehensive review of theoretical and experimental studies in the field of psychophysiological predictors of cognitive impairments in post-COVID-19 patients. The data obtained made it possible to design a model of psychological correction and prevention of post-COVID-19 cognitive dysfunction. This condition affects cognitive, behavioral, and psycho-emotional areas of mental activity. Functional changes involve poor mobility of nervous processes and short attention span, as well as changes in coping behavior and personality characteristics. Unlike older patients, teenagers experience fewer consequences for cardiovascular system and cognitive functions. As for gender differences, men restored their cognitive functions better when they came to grasp with their past experience. For women, recovery was associated with life meaning, planning, and goal setting. The resulting model for the prevention and psychological correction of post-COVID-19 cognitive dysfunction integrated the principles of systemic, information, cognitive, and personality-oriented approaches. It consisted of several structural elements that made it possible to support COVID-19 patients through all treatment stages, i.e., psychodiagnostics, psychocorrection, psychotherapy, and social and lifestyle adaptation.

Model of Formation of Communicative Competences of Students-Programmers in the Process of Joint Activity

Effective professional activity in the digital era is based on the ability to make decisions, willingness to cooperate and skills to manage emotional intelligence. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the training of IT-specialists and create conditions for the formation of their communicative competences. The purpose of the article is to discuss the results of the development of the model of the process of forming communicative competences of software engineering students in collaborative activities. The research methodology includes competence-based, constructivist, network approach, personality-oriented approach and activity-based approaches. The method of pedagogical modeling was used, which allowed to correlate the existing and ideal characteristics of the educational process under study, to identify and outline ways to improve it in the context of professional activity in the IT-sphere. The development of the model was carried out taking into account the technology of “blended learning”. Research results. The model of the process of formation of communicative competence of students-programmers includes the target block, in which the personal goals of education, the standard of specialty 09.02.07 “Information Systems and Programming”, the requirements of employers to the professional activity of programmers are indicated; the organizational-activity block, including diagnostic and activity-forming activities; the result-criterial block, including criteria and indicators of assessment of communicative competence. Conclusion. Communicative competences of students-programmers include knowledge of psychological bases of communication and possession of virtual communication skills, active participation in teamwork, skills of constructive interaction, organizational skills, readiness for interaction, orientation to self-improvement in interaction, self-motivation skills, self-regulation skills, self-control, conflict resolution. The process of formation of communicative competences of students-programmers is carried out in the educational activity on the basis of learning in cooperation as a type of joint activity, providing students’ motivation for constructive interaction, increasing the performance of academic tasks, individual responsibility, eliminating the barriers of interaction through the use of flexible planning strategy and organization of virtual teamwork based on the principles of Agile-methodology and Scrum-method.

Artificial intelligence ethics: from principles to the critical approach

The article discusses the problem of determining the methodological and conceptual foundations of the artificial intelligence ethics. It is shown that the principled approach is based on the theory of value embedding, which assumes that technical objects can either be the carriers of values themselves, or at least contribute to the realization of certain values. At the same time, it is highly dependent on stakeholders, and it rather declares ethics than ensures it. The person-centered approach is based on the idea of personal moral responsibility. The main problems of the personality-oriented approach are the gap in responsibility and the unpredictability of the actions of artificial intelligence. A critical approach is proposed, according to which the subject of artificial intelligence ethics is the impact of technology on people's ideas and values, their behavior and decision-making. The work introduces and discusses the concept of the scale paradox, resulting from the artificial intelligence use. This concept states that many ethically correct cases of using technology can lead to ethically unacceptable consequences. It is shown that one of the options for applying a critical approach can be the study of attitudes and stereotypes associated with artificial intelligence in the mass consciousness.

Формування професійної компетентності майбутніх фахівців з професійної освіти засобами цифрових технологій

The relevance of the study is due to the current state of education as a social institution that determines the professional success and competitiveness of young people in the labor market. The competency-based approach to education is one of the key areas for improving higher education in Ukraine. This approach contributes to the realization of the concept of humanistic education, provides for the training of qualified specialists who have not only in-depth knowledge of their profession, but also are able to navigate in related fields, are ready for continuous professional development and social and professional mobility.
 The article considers the content of professional competence of future specialists in vocational education and highlights the principles and approaches aimed at its formation by means of digital technologies. It has been determined that the professional competence of future vocational education specialists is an integrative and dynamic characteristic of a person based on a set of special knowledge, practical skills, abilities and personal qualities. The analysis of the practice of using digital technologies in education has confirmed their significant potential in reforming the content, forms and methods of teaching students. It is noted that the construction of educational interaction on the principles of systematicity, integrity, professional orientation, interactivity, reflection, individualization of learning and social responsibility, as well as the application of the provisions of competence-based, activity-based and personality-oriented approaches will contribute to the training of highly qualified specialists who have a wide range of knowledge and professional skills, show the ability to improve the work process with the help of the latest technologies and have the ability to self-development.
 The prospects of the study are to develop a model of professional training of future vocational education specialists using digital technologies and to organize a pedagogical experiment to determine its effectiveness.

Научно-методическое сопровождение как инструмент профессионально-личностного развития педагогов в системе дополнительного профессионального образования

Life-long learning is compulsory in the modern teaching community. School teachers need scientific and methodological support for their professional and personal development, especially as part of advanced professional education. A tailored academic program uses various techniques and methods to fill in gaps in one’s professional competencies. The author analyzed the structure of scientific and methodological support for the professional and personal development of schoolteachers based on personalized and personality-oriented approaches, e.g., such methods as supervision, coaching, and mentoring. The article introduces the concept of scientific and methodological support of schoolteachers as an integral system of interrelated actions and areas of work focused on the professional and personal development. Some elements of the scientific and methodological support system were tested at a series of practical webinars with students of a pedagogical university and schoolteachers.

Повышение уровня адаптированности студенческой молодежи за счет вовлечения в деятельность студенческого спортивного клуба

Under the conditions of changing social environment, first-year students of higher education institutions are at risk of stress, as well as entering antisocial groups. Since they have to adapt to the new social and educational environment, it can have an impact on their academic performance and lead to negative consequences of an objective and subjective nature. In this regard, the article examines the issue of influence of the activities of student sports club of the educational organization of higher education on the process of social adaptation of students. With the help of a survey conducted among students, their attitude and possible directions of student involvement in the activities of student sports clubs in the Russian higher education system were substantiated. Based on the system-activity and personality-oriented approaches, a model of the student sports club activity at the I. Kant BFU is theoretically justified and developed. The dependence of the integral level of adaptation of students and their involvement in the activities of the student sports club is substantiated.

The use of problem-based modular educational technology in institutions of higher and secondary vocational education

Introduction. In modern conditions, new requirements are being imposed on the organization of the educational process and the effectiveness of vocational education. At the same time, the quality of graduate training is of paramount importance.Purpose setting. Therefore, the introduction of new technologies into the educational process is becoming increasingly relevant, which should equip students with a methodology of cognition and creative approaches to solving practical problems. One of the most effective and popular educational services on the market is the problem-modular educational technology.Methodology and methods of the study. The basics of modular training are revealed by T. A. Kaplunovich and P. Y. Tsyavichene. The understanding of problem-modular learning is interpreted as a procedure for selecting and limiting the range of the most significant problematic issues in the discipline under study without violating the consistency of the presentation of the material. The entire course is divided into modules, the boundaries of which are determined in accordance with the educational and pedagogical tasks, the amount of theoretical knowledge and practical skills necessary for students to successfully solve professional tasks. The development of approaches to the construction and application of modular programs is considered in detail in the studies of V. M. Gareev, E. M. Durko, G. V. Lavrentiev, N. B. Lavrentieva.Results. Currently, the vocational education system is faced with the tasks of activating and developing students» cognitive abilities, differentiating and individualizing the learning process in accordance with the required levels of training and formation of specialists with stable motivations for self-improvement and self-education throughout life.Conclusions. The problem-modular learning technology allows implementing a personality-oriented approach to learning, makes it possible to activate the cognitive activity of students, form their self-education skills and bring learning closer to solving professional tasks.

Stage and concert skills formation of higher music students based on personality-oriented and activity-based approaches

Relevance. Concert activity is an integral part of the training of music specialists in higher education institutions, which in turn involves the education of stage culture in students and the formation of their stage performance skills. Therefore, the research relevance is predefined by the need for a thorough study of personality-oriented and activity-based approaches to the problem of forming the stage culture of music students.Purpose. The research aims to study and analyse the basics of forming stage and concert knowledge, skills and abilities of music students during the process of professional training, based on personality-oriented and activity-based methodological approaches.Methodology. The following methods were used in this study: comparative, typological methods, generalization, and analysis.Results. The study has revealed the basic aspects of the activity-based approach to the development of performance skills of young music professionals, as well as the personality-oriented approach. It was possible to identify the nuances and important aspects of the educational process in the distance preparation of musicians for concert practice. The research revealed the characteristic features of the formation of stage performance skills for various forms of musicianship, including vocal and instrumental activities. The main methodological principles of forming stage culture in students of higher music educational institutions were studied. The research investigates the necessary pedagogical conditions for a successful educational process of forming stage and concert skills of students of higher educational institutions.Conclusions. This research can be used by scientists to further study the issue of training personnel for stage activities in the field of musical art.

Бинарная личность как критический субъект самоорганизации современной экономики

The article is devoted to substantiating the need for a qualitative renewal of a personality-oriented approach to the study of modern economics. At the same time, the methodological basis was the evolutionary and behavioral economic theories, in which the main subject of activity is the personality. The novelty of the results of the work lies in the identification of a synergetic form of increasing economic complexity, as well as the designation of a critical entity with authority to carry out economic self-organization. The concept of a binary personality is substantiated, which represents the unity of the individual as a «collapsed» society and society as an «expanded» individual. The unity and interrelation of the phenomena of binary personality and binary quality of economic synergetics as the basis of progressive economic development in the process of ensuring dynamic balance of freedom of economic decision-making and the need to develop morally acceptable forms of their creative and labor realization is shown. The necessity of the «renaissance» of individualism is proved, since it is the unique individual who is the generator, first of all, of implicit knowledge as the cognitive basis of large-scale and radical innovations. The scientific and practical significance of the article's conclusions lies in the possibility of their use for further improvement of the disciplinary matrix of political economic analysis, as well as for qualitative updating of programs of all forms and types of modern education, the objective function of which should be to form divergent thinking among students and employees.

FEATURES OF FORMATION OF READINESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS TO BUILD A PROFESSIONAL CAREER IN CHANGING CONDITIONS

Introduction. The professional activity of a teacher is multifunctional, and responsibility for their own professional success rests with the teacher himself. However, a significant part of the graduates of the pedagogical university is not ready enough to build their professional career.
 The purpose of the work is to theoretically substantiate and describe the effectiveness of the implementation of pedagogical conditions that ensure the formation of the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career.
 Methods and materials. Systematic, acmeological, activity-based, personality-oriented approaches are considered as the methodological basis of the author’s research. The solution of research tasks is provided by a set of complementary theoretical and empirical methods.
 Results. The essence of the concept of readiness of future teachers to build a professional career is clarified. The criterion apparatus for determining the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career is presented. The effectiveness of pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career has been experimentally proved. The research materials can be used in the system of secondary vocational and higher pedagogical education to form students – future teachers’ readiness to build a professional career.
 Conclusion. The revealed pedagogical conditions contribute to the formation of the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career. The presented practical experience can be used in the construction of a professional training space for future teachers and in other educational organizations.

HYPERTEXT CASE MODEL FOR TEACHING SEMANTIC READING TO SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MATH LESSONS

Purpose. Over time, paper educational materials are supplemented and replaced by electronic ones, so a new problem has arisen – the presentation of educational information in a new form, taking into account the wide possibilities of information technology. With the help of the Internet, humanity has created a huge system of hypertexts. The user, by creating his own route of movement through the links, creates meaning inside his consciousness, complements it depending on the information he meets. The use of hypertext in teaching mathematics allows you to organize a personality-oriented approach, explore the routes of students in a network structure. The purpose of the article is to focus the research on the investment of the case method in a hypertext structure, to create a case model using hypertext, to analyze the route system of the case model. The created hypertext case will be a prototype of the construction of educational material using hypertext technology and the case method.
 Methodology. The research is based on the analysis and synthesis of psychological-pedagogical and educational-methodical literature, on modeling the structure of educational material (case) using hypertext technology.
 Results. Creation of a hypertext case model for teaching semantic reading to secondary school students based on the analysis of the structure and elements of hypertext and case.
 Practical implications. The results can be applied in the creation of an electronic textbook on mathematics, a collection of mathematical cases for teaching semantic reading to students.

Pedagogical conditions for developing professionalism in future teachers-choreographers in the system of choreographic education

The article studies the complex of conditions ensuring the development of professionalism in future teachers in the system of choreographic education and describes these pedagogical conditions. We have identified the factors that determine the effectiveness of their implementation in the pedagogical process.In the current sociocultural paradigm, the relevance of the article is conditioned by such factors as: the need to improve the quality of choreographic education; the revisal of the whole system of professional training of dance teachers; the lack of a well-founded system of effective pedagogical conditions for the development of professional qualities in students-teachers-choreographers. The purpose of the article is to solve the identified problems in terms of scientific and theoretical substantiation of pedagogical conditions for the development of professionalism in future teachers-choreographers. The personality-oriented approach is chosen as the leading approach in the study of the problem. The results of the study present the proposed and substantiated pedagogical conditions that contribute to the development of professional competencies in students – future teachers-choreographers. The practical value of the results obtained is the possibility of introducing the developed pedagogical conditions into professional training of future choreographers.

Analysis of the Relationship of Dominant Coping Strategies and the Degree of Personality Conflict

Relevance. The study is connected with the need for a theoretical, methodological and empirical justification for the existence of unified normative-typical methods and forms of response, in the form of coping strategies that are routinely used by a person in a situation of confrontation with stress, and serve as a way to regulate any conflict situations.The purpose . To analyze the connection between the dominant coping strategy of the individual and the way of conflict regulation.Objectives. Explore the dominant coping strategies of respondents and the features of response and conflict resolution; reveal the existence of a connection between dominant coping strategies and methods of conflict management.Methodology The research methodology is based on the principles of consciousness and activity, the principle of determinism, the principle of the activity of the subject, the cultural and historical concept of L.S. Vygotsky, as well as on personality-oriented approaches to the study of individual strategies, styles and methods of coping behavior and conflict resolution of the individual.Results. A direct correlation was found between the strategy of overcoming stressful situations "Confrontation" and the method of conflict regulation "Competition" and inversely proportional relationship between the parameters "Confrontation" and "Cooperation". Direct correlation between the strategy of overcoming stressful situations "Distancing" and the method of conflict regulation "Avoidance" and inversely proportional relationship between the parameters "Distance" and "Cooperation". Direct correlation between the strategy of coping with stressful situations "Search for social support" and such methods of conflict regulation as "Cooperation" and "Compromise". Direct correlation between the strategy of coping with stressful situations "Escape-Avoidance" and such methods of conflict regulation as "Avoidance" and "Adaptation". Direct weak correlation was found between the strategy of coping with stressful situations "Positive reassessment" and the method of conflict regulation "Adaptation".Conclusion. There are basic behavioral constructs that determine the strategies of a person's behavior when faced with stress and (or) a conflict situation, which are normative-typical forms of emotional, behavioral and cognitive response, which are standardly used by a person in a situation with stress factors, and in any conflict situation.

Mathematical Model of an Automated System for Learning to Play the Piano

Purpose of research. Nowadays, the automation of the distance learning process or self-study is relevant. However, to increase its effectiveness, there is a need for a personality-oriented approach to the student. The creation of adaptive learning technologies is becoming a priority. Development of a mathematical model of an automated system for learning to play the piano was the purpose of this work.Methods. The article discusses one of the approaches to modeling educational processes and systems - the cybernetic approach. The use of this approach allows us to consider the model of the educational system from the point of view of internal blocks and their functions, it allows us to identify sets of input and output data and internal relationships of various components of the system. The mathematical model is based on the operations of the algebra of logic and set theory.Resalts. Based on the cybernetic approach, the article provides a functional diagram of the system, which clearly demonstrates the sequence of actions performed, as well as the flow of various sets of input and output data. The functionality of the blocks is described in the terminology of operators, which determine the sequence and the required number of questionnaire questions to determine the initial knowledge, skills, and abilities of the trainee and his goals, select the most optimal initial training plan, assess progress and adjust the initial training plan depending on the results of the student. For each operator, sets of inputs and outputs are defined. The description of the data shows what information the system must operate in order for it to work correctly and efficiently. Another significant result of the work was the mathematical model of the system obtained as a result of research, which determines the relationship between input and output data.Conclusion. The cybernetic approach to modeling educational activities, including in the system of additional education, allows you to structure complex logical connections in the educational system, to determine the sequence and options for the system. The model will form the basis of the information system for piano playing teaching.

МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯ «РАССТРОЙСТВО АДАПТАЦИИ» У ЛИЦ МОЛОДОГО ВОЗРАСТА В УСЛОВИЯХ ПРОЛОНГИРОВАННОГО СТРЕССА ВОЕННОГО ВРЕМЕНИ

A mathematical model of neural programming of the index "adjustment disorder" in young people under conditions of prolonged wartime stress in the Donbass, based on the personality-oriented approach in psychiatry was developed. The observation period covered 2016–2020 years of moderate stress intensity in the face of significant changes in life. With the help of the constructed mathematical model of neural programming, the main prognostic individual psychological factors for impaired adaptive abilities in young people under conditions of prolonged wartime stress were identified.

Региональная специфика пcихологического благополучия студентов выпускных курсов факультета психологии

The relevance of studying the specifics of the psychological well-being among psychology students is due to the need to prevent their professional burnout and improve the image of the psychology profession. The purpose of the study was to identify differences in the general level and specific indicators of psychological well-being and happiness of final-year students of the psychology department of the capital and regional universities. Ryff's theory of psychological well-being, the provisions of cognitive, positive and personality-oriented approaches were used; in addition to Ryff's multidimensional model of psychological well-being, the M.W. Fordyce scale of happiness and the S. Lyubomirsky & N. Lepper scale of subjective happiness were used. The sample consisted of 200 full-time graduate students from the Faculty of Psychology at two regional universities and a Moscow university. It was shown that the groups differ significantly in eight parameters of psychological well-being and happiness: life goals; self-acceptance; competence; general level of psychological well-being; degree of happiness; time “on the rise”; time of feeling unhappy; level of subjective happiness. The paper concludes that psychology students from a capital university are significantly happier than their peers from regional universities. Methods of autopsychocorrection of negative cognitions are proposed to improve psychological well-being of students. The practical significance lies in the possibilities of using the obtained results to improve course programs as part of the curriculum of the main professional educational program (Psychology), training courses and educational work with students.

ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING CHINESE TROUGH THE EXAMPLE OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Since the end of 2019, due to the ongoing epidemiological measures, the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China was forced to transfer all educational institutions in China to distance learning. Distance learning, being a dynamically progressive method of teaching, has already been considered in many educational institutions of the world as an independent form, that can be used as an alternative to traditional face-to-face education, or integrated into the general system of the educational process. During the pandemic it was able to fully demonstrate its effectiveness, significantly expanding the contingent of students, increasing their motivation for self-educational activities, and developing their professional competence. Today, China is one of the leaders in the use of Information and Communication Technologies in education. This article examines the experience in the use of ICT in the process of teaching Chinese through the example of two universities from southern and northern China: Xi’an Jiaotong University and Shenzhen MSU-BIT University. Both Universities try using a personality-oriented approach in the learning process, which reflects the trend of development of modern education in China and around the world - lifelong learning. Special attention is paid to the teaching tools used, new methods of interaction between teachers and students, and other transformations of the Chinese education system in the era of digitalization.