Perna Viridis Research Articles

Evaluation of chemical exposure to the sediment and green mussels (Perna viridis) at some coastal sites in Northern Vietnam

The accumulation of microplastics (MPs) and their belonging additives such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalate esters (PAEs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in green mussels (Perna viridis), and sediments in the North coast of Vietnam was investigated in this study. The results indicated that the BPA content in green mussels varied from 29.13 to 1640.37 µg/kg w.w. While, in coastal sediment samples, is ranged from 0.03–1.79 µg/kg d.w with an average of 0.23 ± 1.79 µg/kg d.w. In mussel sample, the ∑13PAEs varied greatly from 35.74 to 1747.16 µg/kg w.w with an average value of 523.93 ± 595.29 µg/kg w.w. Regarding the sediments, the ∑13PAEs ranged from 47.16 to 295.48 µg/kg d.w with an average value of 144.32 ± 81.53 µg/kg d.w. ∑5PBDEs were recorded an average of 8.60 ± 9.44 µg/kg w.w and 1.99 ± 2.43 µg/kg d.w in the mussel and sediment samples, respectively. The bioaccumulation coefficient (BSAF) of BPA, ∑PBDEs, and ∑PAEs in the collected samples were 286.24 ± 198.95, 28.89 ± 32.07, and 4.57 ± 5.57. The findings indicated the pollution of the habitat could directly affect the accumulation of MPs and other chemical additives in green mussels the Northern of Vietnam environment. Green mussels appeared to be a suitable biological indicator for the pollution of MPs and other related chemicals in the coastal environment.

Radiological risk assessment in the Asian green mussel (Perna viridis) and the Thai seafood consumers

There are several sources of radionuclides to be accidentally and routinely released into the marine ecosystem leading to bioaccumulation of such radionuclides in marine biota in Thailand. Radioactive contamination in local seafood can result in significant health effects via the human food chain. This study aims to estimate radiation doses received by the Asian green mussel (Perna viridis), and the Annual Committed Effective Doses (ACEDs) and Lifetime Cancer Risk (LCR) from 137Cs, 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the mussels via ingestion. The mussels were collected from the offshored shellfish farms in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea during wet and dry seasons between 2020 and 2021 for radioactivity measurement using HPGe gamma spectrometry. The results showed that 137Cs, 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K concentrations in the green mussels ranged from 0.0049 to 0.0623 Bq/kg, 1.86 to 3.67 Bq/kg, 0.34 to 0.62 Bq/kg, and 3.80 to 30.74 Bq/kg, respectively. Radiation dose rates in the shellfish estimated using the ERICA Tool were found to be in a range of 0.50–0.76 µGy/h which were well below the screening value of 10 µGy/h. In addition, the ACEDs ranged between 6.41 and 72.78 µSv/yr which were lower than 300 µSv/yr. While the LCR values estimated in the present study ranging from 3.55 × 10−6 to 2.82 × 10−5 did not exceed the recommended value of 10−4. It could be concluded here that eating the green mussels from the studied areas did not cause any radiological health risk in the Thai seafood consumers. However, future investigations are recommended to be conducted in the green mussels from other locations and in young consumers where higher ACEDs and LCR values were recorded.

Oxidative response to accumulation of trace metals in tissue of two bivalves, the Asian green mussel Perna viridis and the blood cockle Tegillarca granosa, living in Pattani Bay, Thailand.

Using bivalves to indicate aquatic pollutants was favorable for discerning the negative effects of high levels of metal accumulation in tissue. We investigated the correlation between trace metal accumulation and the tissue oxidative response of two bivalves. The Asian green mussel Perna viridis and the blood cockle Tegillarca granosa were sampled along with seawater and sediments from three locations around Pattani Bay, Thailand. Accumulation of nine trace metals (cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, nickel, manganese, iron, zinc, and lead) in seawater, sediments, and tissue and the oxidative tissue response were evaluated. Metal bioaccumulation factor, biota-sediment accumulation factor, and histopathology were also indicated. The present study found that P. viridis and T. granosa were macroconcentrators and bioaccumulative of cadmium, and their tissue accumulation of cadmium was strongly related to lipid peroxidation activation. Perna viridis exhibited a higher oxidative response than T. granosa, as indicated by malondialdehyde, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels. The present study indicated that P. viridis and T. granosa were macroconcentrators and bioaccumulative of cadmium, and their tissue accumulation of cadmium was strongly related to lipid peroxidation activation. Research has shown discernible negative effects of a high level of metal accumulation in tissue, and deformed and damaged tissues were present in the gills, digestive glands, intestines, and feet of P. viridis and T. granosa.

Effect of transglutaminase-catalyzed glycosylation on the allergenicity of tropomyosin in the Perna viridis food matrix.

Food allergy is one of the hot issues in the field of food safety, and there have been a lot of concerns on how to reduce the allergenicity of food allergens. Food processing can change the allergenicity of allergens in the food matrix. In this study, ten IgE linear epitopes of the major allergen tropomyosin (TM) in Perna viridis were identified by bioinformatics prediction and serological experiments. The transglutaminase-catalyzed glycosylation modification sites glutamine, lysine and arginine were highly represented in the IgE linear epitopes of TM. The Perna viridis food matrix was treated with transglutaminase-catalyzed glycosylation. This reaction changed the secondary structure of protein in the food matrix, increased the content of β-sheets and decreased the content of β-turns. The intensity of intrinsic fluorescence and surface hydrophobicity were reduced. The IgE-binding activity of TM in the food matrix was reduced by modifying seven amino acid residues on six IgE linear epitopes. Transglutaminase-catalyzed glycosylation products decreased allergic symptoms in allergic mice, reduced the proportion of CD4+IL-4+ Th2 cells, and increased the proportion of CD4+IFN-γ+ Th1 cells and Treg cells. Mouse serum levels of IgE and IgG1 antibodies in the food matrix and TM were reduced. Therefore, this study provided a theoretical basis for the development of hypoallergenic Perna viridis products.

Investigation of the antibacterial activity of synthesized hydroxyapatite Sr-doped nanocomposite

Hydroxyapatite is a mineral compound with a composition resembling the components found in human teeth and bones. Hydroxyapatite possesses osteoconductive, bioactive, and biocompatible characteristics. Nevertheless, hydroxyapatite has limitations, particularly its limited antibacterial activity. Therefore, this research uses the sol-gel method to synthesize and characterize strontium hydroxyapatite doped composites (HAp-Sr doped composites). The calcium precursor used in this research comes from the green mussel shells (Perna viridis); the main component is CaCO3, which will later be converted into CaO compounds. HAp Sr-doped composites were synthesized by varying the concentration of Sr metal (5%, 10%, and 20% w/w), which aimed to determine its good antibacterial ability. The X-ray fluorescence analysis reveals that green mussel shells contain 97.261% calcium oxide (CaO). The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the pattern observed at an angle of 2θ corresponds to the hydroxyapatite standard from ICDD (No.96-101-1243), which possesses a hexagonal structure. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra reveal the presence of PO43− groups in the sample at wave numbers 528 cm−1, 604 cm−1, 945 cm−1, and 1,018 cm−1. The antibacterial activity of the HAp-Sr doped composite was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The results indicated that the 5% HAp-Sr doped composite exhibited antibacterial activity. Therefore, it can potentially be utilized in bone grafts and implants.

Distribution Analysis of Green Mussels (Perna viridis) in Banyuurip Village, Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik Regency

The aim of the research was to determine the Distribution analysis of Perna viridis diversity based on the suitability map for green mussel cultivation, analysis of community perceptions and the condition of water bodies. Perna viridis aquaculture is suitable for the waters of Banyuurip village based on the variables of sea depth, sea surface temperature, chlorophyll a concentration, and substrate radiance data. Heavy metal content of Pb is located and distributed in polluted areas. It was found that the potential for green mussel aquaculture is greater in warm water habitats, i.e. closer to the coast. In addition, the northeast was identified as a suitable habitat for green mussels. The mid-ocean area in the north-west is of low suitability due to the lack of substrate and chlorophyll. Analysis of community attitudes and behaviour showed that people remain enthusiastic about green mussel farming, although green mussel shell waste remains an environmental problem. Heavy metal analysis of green mussel samples showed that green mussels are still safe for consumption. Therefore, the main conclusion is that the habitat of Perna viridis in the waters of Banyuurip Village still has potential for cultivation, but the waters must be free from pollution.

Growth rate and survival of green shells (perna viridis l.) In ponds, alue naga village, banda aceh

Alue Naga is one of the coastal and marine areas in the city of Banda Aceh which has the potential for aquaculture and high economic value, namely green mussels (Perna viridis L). This research aims to determine the growth and survival rate of green mussels with different stocking densities in Alue Naga ponds which are still influenced by the tides of seawater. The layout of the green mussel cultivation container is at the pond water gate. The method used is an experimental test method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model with 3 treatments, each treatment 3 times repeated. Research shows that the best average growth and survival rate for green mussels are found in treatment A with a stocking density of 20 seeds/basket, absolute length growth with an average value of 45.52 ± 0.42 mm, weekly length growth rate with an average value -an average of 3.79 ± 0.03 mm/week and an average weight of 25.92 ± 0.19 grams, while the survival rate reached 91.66%. Differences in green mussel stocking density had a significant effect on absolute length growth (PM), absolute weight (BM), and weekly length growth rate (LPPM), while survival (SR) had no significant effect.

An erroneous record of Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) for the northeastern coast of Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic

An erroneous record of Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) for the northeastern coast of Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic

Penurunan Logam Fe dan Co Pada Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) dengan Metode Perendaman Larutan Belimbing Wuluh

Green mussels with the Latin name Perna viridis are an animal that lives in the ocean and is a type of shellfish that is widely consumed by the public. Along with time, the emergence of factories that can pollute the oceans can cause contamination of marine life in it, one of the pollutants is the heavy metals of Fe and Co. The accumulation of heavy metals Fe and Co in green mussels can be toxic to people who consume them. This study aims to determine the concentration of heavy metals Fe and Co in green mussels before and after immersion in starfruit solution. Tests for immersion of the starfruit solution were carried out at 15, 30, and 45 minutes, then the destruction results were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) with the calibration curve method. The Fe content in the green mussel sample before treatment was 2.946 mg/kg and the Co content in the green mussel sample before treatment was 2.6081 mg/kg. After soaking in starfruit solution for 15, 30, and 45 minutes, the Fe metal was 1.572 mg/kg, 1.275 mg/kg, and 1.035 mg/kg and the Co metal was 1.572 mg/kg, 1.275 mg/kg, and 0.683mg/kg. Research of immersing starfruit solution with soaking for 15, 30, and 45 minutes is effective in reducing levels of heavy metals Fe and Co in green mussels. The highest reduction was observed during a 45-minute immersion, with a decrease of 64.87% for Fe and 73.81% for Co, respectively.

Evaluation of microplastic bioaccumulation capacity of mussel (Perna viridis) and surrounding environment in the North coast of Vietnam

This study aimed to identify the presence of microplastics in green mussels (Perna viridis), surface seawater, and beach sediment on the North Coast of Vietnam. The average concentration of MPs in mussels was 3.67 ± 1.20 MPs/g wet weight and 25.05 ± 5.36 MPs/individual. Regarding surface seawater and beach sediments, the MPs concentration was found at 88.00 ± 30.88 MPs/L and 4800 ± 1776 MPs/kg dry weight, respectively. The dominant microplastics shape was fragment with the fractions ranging from 69.86 to 82.41 %. In addition, the size distribution of MPs was mostly in the range of smaller than 50 μm and 1–150 μm (34.17 % and 45.62 % in mussels; 29.65 % and 43.20 % in surface seawater and 40.22 % and 39.40 % in beach sediment, respectively). Polyethylene terephthalate was the major polymer types 49.93–58.44 % of the detected MPs. The risk assessment results based on the polymer types indicated a warning level in several sites.

A first field evaluation of heavy metals uptake by innovative artificial mussel (AM) technology versus live mussel (LM) from inshore of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh and the application of AM technology for global pollution study

The comparative application of innovative artificial mussel (AM) technology together with live mussel (LM) has yet to be performed in the coastal waters of Bangladesh. Here, we report the accumulation of targeted metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, U and Zn) in both AM and LM (Perna viridis) from inshore of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. AMs and LMs were deployed in two sites (MaheshKhali Channel and Reju Khal mouth, Cox’s Bazar district), in the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh for this research study. Our data suggest that the uptake of Cu, Pb and Ni have correlated positively between AM and LM. The first equilibrium phase of metal uptake in AMs was achieved around day 7 for most of the metals, and the kinetics of uptake from day 0 to day 7 is descended as follows: Zn>Fe>Mn>Ni>U>Cu>Cd>Pb. In contrast, the concentration of metals in LM has not been changed a lot from its background level and found highly enriched in Fe, Pb and U compared to AMs. The overall uptake patterns show that AM can provide precise and time-integrated metal concentrations without any biological influence associated with LMs. Based on our research, AM technology can be a good replacement for bioindicator (live mussel) to monitor heavy metals in waterways since a) all of our targeted metals were accumulated in both AM and LM; and b) both AM and LM show a similar metal uptake, in particular, the uptake of Cu, Pb, and Ni in AM was found positively correlated with LM.

Marine debris in three species of bivalve from two big fish markets in Indonesia

Bivalves can accumulate various particles, including micro debris. Unfortunately, no study has been recorded the marine debris on the consumed bivalves. We aimed to investigate marine debris in Perna viridis, Andara granosa, and Marcia hiantina from major fish market at Jakarta and Makassar. Ten individual tissues for each species were taken and added with H2O2 with a concentration of 50% then the solution was placed in a thermoshaker at 60°C to accelerate the dissolution process. Concentrated NaCl was added for the flotation process then extracted using a vacuum system with 102 Ø11.0 cm Whattman filter paper. Particles were observed with a stereo microscope and then clarified using FTIR microscope to determine the type of polymer. The abundance of microdebris in specimens from Jakarta showed a higher number of particles with a range of 8.90 particles/individual to 12.60 particles/individual. Meanwhile, the specimens from Makassar had a lower number of particles range from 3.90 particles/individual to 8.90 particles/individual. Consistently, the highest number of microdebris particles was found in P. viridis. Plastopal/Epoxy resin was detected as a type of polymer from several clarified samples. We recorded that the three bivalves differently accumulated microdebris in number and types.

Effect of withdrawal speed variations on coating quality of electrophoretically deposited biogenic hydroxyapatite on AISI 316L

The use of biogenic waste for multipurpose materials has started to be encouraged in the current decade to support the world’s environmental sustainability campaign. Biogenic calcium phosphate-derived materials are potential biomaterials because of their similar properties to human bone. This paper used hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder derived from green mussel shells (Perna viridis) to coat the AISI 316L metallic implant material using the electrophoretic deposition coating method. In this study, the post-deposition withdrawal speeds of 5mm/s, 3mm/s, and 1mm/s were varied to find their effect on the quality of the HAp coating layer. Crystallography, micrography, and image processing were used to characterize the coating and calculate the percentage of HAp layer and cracks. The crystallographic data shows the HAp peaks, which conclude that the green mussel shells HAp successfully coat the substrate and can be used to coat the AISI 316L implant material. However, the appearance of the substrate crystal peaks and color difference on high withdrawal speed specimens conclude that the coating layer has cracks. In conclusion, the emergence of cracks can be minimized using 1mm/s post-deposition withdrawal speed and eventually produce high-quality HAp coating.

Source tracking of fecal contamination in Asian green mussels (Perna viridis) harvested in Manila Bay, Philippines by molecular detection and genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp.

Manila Bay, a multipurpose body of water located around Metro Manila, Philippines, is progressively deteriorating because of massive pollution. Reports have shown that the bay and its aquatic resources (i.e., seafood) are contaminated with fecal matter and enteric pathogens, posing a threat to public health and industry. This problem raises the need for a microbial source tracking methodology as a part of the rehabilitation efforts in the bay. Bivalve mollusks cultivated in water can serve as sentinel species to detect fecal pollution and can complement water monitoring. With the use of polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequence analysis, this study detected Cryptosporidium spp. in Asian green mussels (Perna viridis) cultivated and harvested in Manila Bay and sold in Bulungan Seafood Market, Parañaque, Philippines, from 2019 to 2021 with an overall occurrence of 8.77% (n = 57). The analysis of the 18S rDNA segment revealed three genotypes from Cryptosporidium-positive samples, namely, Cryptosporidium sp. rat genotype IV (60%), C. galli (20%), and C. meleagridis (20%). These findings suggest fecal pollution in bivalve cultivation sites coming from sewage, nonpoint, and agricultural sources. The presence of C. meleagridis, the third most common cause of human cryptosporidiosis, in mussels poses a threat to human health. Thus, there is a need to establish routine detection and source tracking of Cryptosporidium spp. in Manila Bay and to educate seafood consumers on food safety.

Horizon scanning for potentially invasive non-native marine species to inform trans-boundary conservation management – Example of the northern Gulf of Mexico

Prevention of non-native species introductions and establishment is essential to avoid adverse impacts of invasive species in marine environments. To identify potential new invasive species and inform non-native species management options for the northern Gulf of Mexico (Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas), 138 marine species were risk screened for current and future climate conditions using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Species were risk-ranked as low, medium, high, and very high risk based on separate (calibrated) thresholds for fishes, tunicates, and invertebrates. In the basic screening, 15 fishes, two tunicates, and 26 invertebrates were classified as high or very high risk under current climate conditions. Whereas, under future climate conditions, 16 fishes, three tunicates, and 33 invertebrates were classified as high or very high risk. Very high risk species included: California scorpionfish Scorpaena guttata, red scorpionfish Scorpaena scrofa, purple whelk Rapana venosa, and Santo Domingo false mussel Mytilopsis sallei under both current and future climates, with weedy scorpionfish Rhinopias frondosa, Papuan scorpionfish Scorpaenopsis papuensis, daggertooth pike conger Muraenesox cinereus, yellowfin scorpionfish Scorpaenopsis neglecta, tassled scorpionfish Scorpaenopsis oxycephalus, brush-clawed shore crab Hemigrapsus takanoi, honeycomb oyster Hyotissa hyotis, carinate rock shell Indothais lacera, and Asian green mussel Perna viridis under climate change conditions only. This study provides evidence to inform trans-boundary management plans across the five Gulf of Mexico states to prevent, detect, and respond rapidly to new species arrivals.

Isolation and Toxicity Test of Chitosan from Green Mussels (Perna viridis L.) With Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method

Green Mussels (Perna viridis L.) is one of Indonesia's fishery resources. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity level of chitosan from green clam shells (Perna viridis L.) by looking at the LC50 value tested on the BSLT method. This study included isolation of chitin and chitosan: deproteination, demineralization, depigmentation and deacetylation of chitin into chitosan, chitosan characterization, FTIR, and chitosan Toxicity Test using the BSLT method to see the number of deaths of Artemia salina L larvae obtained data (LC50). The results showed that the Chitosan Green Clam Shell (Perna viridis L.) had an LC50 of 4369.1806 ?g/mL. The results showed that green clam shell chitosan (Perna viridis L.) was non-toxic (LC50 > 1000 ?g/mL) in the BSLT test. Keywords: BSLT, Chitosan, Shellfish, Toxicity Test

Contaminants and Human Health Risks Associated with Exposure to Microplastic Ingestion of Green Mussels (Perna viridis) Collected from The Kedonganan Fish Market, Bali

Microplastics (MPs) are pollutant agents that have been absorbed and detected in aquatic ecosystems at high concentrations. This study aimed to investigate the presence of MPs pollution in green mussel (Perna viridis) products sold at the Kedonganan fish market, Badung, Bali. A total of 150 mussels with an average weight of 3,2 ± 0,71 g/mussels from three traders each composed and followed by the pre-treatment stage using 5 M NaCl solution, extraction with wet oxidation peroxidation (WPO) + Fe(II) catalyst and filtered. The highest percentage for the form of MPs was successively obtained by the Line form in Trader A at 85,42% and the lowest in Trader C at 50,00%. The highest form of fragments was obtained in Trader C at 42,86%. Film and filament forms were only obtained in Trader A. The highest MPs color was black and the lowest was gray. The highest average MPs particle size was found in the form of a filament of 1944,37 ± 88,41 μm which was found in Trader A. Estimates of MPs intake per year/capita in Indonesia showed that exposure to MPs through consumption of green mussels in this study amounted to 498,330 MPs/year/capita items. Overall, the green mussel from Trader A had the highest percentage and size of MPs, with the shape of fragment MPs being dominated by Trader C and the color of the MPs being dominated by black. MPs exposure to green mussel consumption in Indonesia is very high, but no health impact category has yet been found for this estimate.

Isolation and Morphological Characterization of Lead Tolerant Bacteria Associated with Perna viridis

Lead is a heavy metal contamination that is released into sea waters and cannot be decomposed so it accumulation and magnification along the food chain. Efforts to explore bacteria that have tolerance and have the potential to become lead reduction agents are a strategic step in remediating lead contamination. One mechanism for lead bioremediation by bioaccumulation is to utilize metallothionein protein which can potentially be obtained from isolates of green mussel associated bacteria. Bacterial isolates associated with green mussels were obtained by isolating the bacteria and testing the tolerance of the bacterial isolates using Luria Bertani media which was added with Pb(NO3)2 at a concentration of 100 ppm and its multiples to determine their tolerance to lead. The bacterial isolates obtained were characterized based on colony and cell morphology. The results of the lead resistance test carried out showed that 11 bacterial isolates were obtained and 3 bacterial isolates had tolerance to lead with a lead concentration of 400 ppm. Bacterial isolates that are tolerant to lead show changes in cell morphology to reduce the impact of exposure to lead which has a lethal effect, because the resulting decrease in cell surface area can reduce lead absorption.

Comparative Study of Starch-Based Bioplastic from Banana (Musa acuminata) peel (SBB) Incorporated with Commercialized and Extracted Chitin

Abstract: The study produced extracted Chitin from Asian Green Mussel (Perna viridis) and Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculate) shells using two-way chemical extraction process; deproteinization and demineralization. The extracted and commercialized Chitin were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy to determine and compare the functional groups present. Starch-based bioplastics were produced using banana peel starch (BPS) incorporated with commercialized chitin and chosen chitin extract which is from AGM. The bioplastics were tested for its morphology through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), physical property through air test, chemical properties through biodegradability test, chemical reactivity test, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) test, water absorption test and flammability test, and mechanical property through tensile strength test. Four treatments were carried out using 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% by weight chitin addition. The control SBB does not contain any chitin. All treatments were prepared using constant amount of BPS, PVA solution and glycerol. Based from the results, chitin addition improves the strong acid resistance, water-barrier properties, and tensile strength of the SBB. It was found out that the best treatment was T3 of AGM which has a WVTR of 73.9868 g/m2 , dissolved in water in an average of 6.1783 days, and has a tensile strength of 64286.3777 Pa

IDENTIFIKASI EKTOPARASIT DAN KOMPETITOR KERANG HIJAU (Perna viridis) YANG DIBUDIDAYAKAN DALAM BAGAN TANCAP DI LAUT JAWA KECAMATAN SIDAYU KABUPATEN GRESIK

The green mussel (Perna viridis) is an important commodity in marine aquaculture. A challenge in green mussel cultivation is the presence of diseases caused by parasites that attach or live on the mussels. This research aims to determine the abundance of ectoparasites and competitors on green mussels in the mentioned waters. The research methods employed both qualitative and quantitative descriptive approaches. The observed research variables included species identification, prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites, as well as diversity and abundance of competitors. The findings revealed the presence of 2 ectoparasite species and 10 competitor species. The highest prevalence of Balanus sp. was recorded in Bagan Tancap I for mussels larger than 4 cm, at 79.6%±6.16 (moderate), while the lowest prevalence was in Bagan Tancap II for mussels smaller than 4 cm, at 33.3%±1.05 (common). The highest intensity of Balanus sp. ectoparasite attacks occurred in Bagan Tancap I for mussels larger than 4 cm, at 7.18 ind/mussel (moderate), and the lowest intensity was in Bagan Tancap II for mussels smaller than 4 cm, at 1.75 ind/mussel (low). The intensity of sea snail egg infestations ranged from 1 to 2 ind/mussel, with no significant difference (P>0.05). The highest competitor abundance was found in Bagan Tancap I with the species Nereis sp., at 0.57 ind/mussel, and the highest competitor diversity was also observed in Bagan Tancap I with the species crab at 36.292 ind/mussel. Considering the prevalence and intensity values of Balanus sp. ectoparasites on green mussels in the waters of the Java Sea in Kecamatan Sidayu, it is still suitable for green mussel cultivation.