Evaluation of chemical exposure to the sediment and green mussels (Perna viridis) at some coastal sites in Northern Vietnam

Abstract

The accumulation of microplastics (MPs) and their belonging additives such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalate esters (PAEs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in green mussels (Perna viridis), and sediments in the North coast of Vietnam was investigated in this study. The results indicated that the BPA content in green mussels varied from 29.13 to 1640.37 µg/kg w.w. While, in coastal sediment samples, is ranged from 0.03–1.79 µg/kg d.w with an average of 0.23 ± 1.79 µg/kg d.w. In mussel sample, the ∑13PAEs varied greatly from 35.74 to 1747.16 µg/kg w.w with an average value of 523.93 ± 595.29 µg/kg w.w. Regarding the sediments, the ∑13PAEs ranged from 47.16 to 295.48 µg/kg d.w with an average value of 144.32 ± 81.53 µg/kg d.w. ∑5PBDEs were recorded an average of 8.60 ± 9.44 µg/kg w.w and 1.99 ± 2.43 µg/kg d.w in the mussel and sediment samples, respectively. The bioaccumulation coefficient (BSAF) of BPA, ∑PBDEs, and ∑PAEs in the collected samples were 286.24 ± 198.95, 28.89 ± 32.07, and 4.57 ± 5.57. The findings indicated the pollution of the habitat could directly affect the accumulation of MPs and other chemical additives in green mussels the Northern of Vietnam environment. Green mussels appeared to be a suitable biological indicator for the pollution of MPs and other related chemicals in the coastal environment.