Perirenal Tissue Research Articles

Intraoperative Ultrasound Can Facilitate Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy in Adherent Perinephric Fat.

Background: Adherent perinephric fat (APF) is one of the challenging factors of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasound (ILUS) on determining renal tumor localization and dissection in patients with APF who underwent LPN. Methods: Prospectively collected data from 517 patients who underwent LPN from October 2010 to September 2020 in tertiary university hospital were evaluated retrospectively. The cohort was divided into two main groups according to the Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score: Group 1 (MAP score ≤3) and Group 2 (MAP score ≥4). After implementing propensity score-matched analysis including the complexity of tumor, age, and body mass index, Group 1 consisted of 202 patients with ≤3 MAP score and Group 2 included 46 patients. Then, both groups were allocated into two subgroups according to whether ILUS was used. Demographics, perioperative features such as perirenal fatty tissue dissection, tumor excision, operation time, and perioperative outcomes accepted as trifecta, considering warm ischemia time, negative surgical margin, and complications were compared. Results: In Group 1, ILUS use did not seem to affect perioperative outcomes in both subgroups. However, ILUS has a positive effect on perirenal fatty tissue dissection (10 versus 19 minutes, P = .011), tumor excision (4 versus 7 minutes, P = .005), and operation time (78 versus 90 minutes, P = .046) in Group 2. Trifecta outcomes were also better in higher MAP scores and ultrasound-used subgroups (P = .019). Conclusions: ILUS should be considered a helpful and effective instrument in overcoming APF in LPN. It might also have a positive effect on trifecta outcomes.

Integrated analyses of the methylome and transcriptome to unravel sex differences in the perirenal fat from suckling lambs.

In sheep, differences were observed regarding fat accumulation and fatty acid (FA) composition between males and females, which may impact the quality and organoleptic characteristics of the meat. The integration of different omics technologies is a relevant approach for investigating biological and genetic mechanisms associated with complex traits. Here, the perirenal tissue of six male and six female Assaf suckling lambs was evaluated using RNA sequencing and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). A multiomic discriminant analysis using multiblock (s)PLS-DA allowed the identification of 314 genes and 627 differentially methylated regions (within these genes), which perfectly discriminate between males and females. These candidate genes overlapped with previously reported QTLs for carcass fat volume and percentage of different FAs in milk and meat from sheep. Additionally, differentially coexpressed (DcoExp) modules of genes between males (nine) and females (three) were identified that harbour 22 of these selected genes. Interestingly, these DcoExp were significantly correlated with fat percentage in different deposits (renal, pelvic, subcutaneous and intramuscular) and were associated with relevant biological processes for adipogenesis, adipocyte differentiation, fat volume and FA composition. Consequently, these genes may potentially impact adiposity and meat quality traits in a sex-specific manner, such as juiciness, tenderness and flavour.

Renal Lymphangiectasia- Critical Assessment Of A Rare Case And Review Of Literature

Renal Lymphangiectasia (RLM) is a very infrequent benign lymphatic disorder. RLM is often misdiagnosed for other disorders suchas cystic renal masses, usually polycystic kidneys. Although parenthetically found in different cases, RLM is a probable cause of renalfailure and hypertension in undiagnosed victims. The etiology of RLM is unclear and results from the formation of cystic masses anddilatation of perinephric lymphatic channels. In the renal sinus, lymphatic channels connect the perirenal tissues and the renal capsulethe kidney’s lymphatic system. Developmental malformation in the above-mentioned channels is one of the hypotheses presumed todescribe the etiopathogenesis of RLM. The other hypothesis presumes the inflammation of the renal perinephric leads to the dilatationand obstruction of lymphatics.

S1767 Metastatic Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas, Rare Presentation of an Uncommon Tumor

Introduction: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPN) make up less than 3% of all diagnosed pancreatic neoplasms. Abdominal CT or MRI are the imaging modalities most utilized, and biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Resection of the mass is standard of care and the prognosis is quite good, with 5-year survival rates of over 95%. Both recurrence and metastasis of the tumor are exceedingly rare, occurring in only 1-4% of patients. Case Description/Methods: A 26-year-old female presented with several years of abdominal pain. CT scan revealed a 10cm mass in the neck and body of the pancreas and patient underwent a hybrid resection including subtotal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and cholecystectomy. Pathology showed a neoplasm extending to the inked margins with positive beta-catenin and CD10 nuclear staining with no evidence of metastasis. At the age of 32, the patient presented again with abdominal pain. A CT and PET scan showed numerous LUQ, perirenal, pancreatic, and periadrenal soft tissue densities. Laparoscopic resection of a 3.5x3 cm soft tissue mass near the remnant pancreas was performed, showing fibrous stroma with angulated islands of epithelioid cells with cystic degeneration and positive staining for vimentin, CD56, and beta-catenin. Resection of multiple abdominal soft tissue tumors, in bulk measuring more than 10 cm, as well as complete omentectomy, left adrenalectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, appendectomy, and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with cisplatin was performed. Pathology showed multiple metastatic tumors all consistent with SPN. The appendix, left adrenal gland, bilateral ovaries, and all lymph nodes were negative for any tumor. Two years later, MRI revealed 3.0 x 2.1 cm hyperintense lesion in the caudate lobe of the liver. EUS with biopsy was performed, revealing clusters of uniform, bland cells with ovoid nuclei and associated fibrillary stroma circumscribing vessels with a background of hemorrhagic debris (Figure). Immunohistochemistry showed cells positive for vimentin, LEF1, and beta-catenin, again consistent with SPN. Discussion: This is one of the few cases of multiple instances of both recurrence and metastasis of SPN documented in the literature. This case report shows that serial imaging studies and close follow-up are needed even years after resection and that, although rare, recurrence and metastasis can occur more than one time after the initial diagnosis.Figure 1.: Biopsy of the caudate liver lesion showing clusters of uniform, bland cells with ovoid nuclei and associated fibrillary stroma and hemorrhagic debris, consistent with SPN.

Renal replacement lipomatosis with granulomatous inflammation – A case report and review of literature

Renal replacement lipomatosis can be defined as the proliferation of fibrofatty tissue which subsequently replace the renal parenchyma. It is usually benign unilateral and occurs as a result of severe atrophy or destruction of the renal parenchyma, due to a calculus with secondary proliferation of renal sinus, renal hilus, and perirenal fatty tissue to a variable extent.A 55yr old female presented to surgeon with history ofpain and swelling in right flank. On CECT abdomen there was seen non functional right kidney with staghorn calculi along with perirenal abscess. Patient was treated with nephrectomy and drainage of collection. Intraoperatively Perirenal Abscess extending to psoas and iliopsoas region along with dense adhesion between kidney and liver was found. The multiple sections studied from the lesion showed extensive fibrofatty tissue with few tubule like structures lined by cuboidal epithelium and containing dense eosinophilic secretions. There is seen mixed inflammatory infiltrates with granulomas. Histological features confirmed that Renal replacement lipomatosis with granulomatous inflammation.The clinical importance of RRL is that it stimulates fat-containing tumors in the kidney or its vicinity such as lipomas, angiomyolipomas and liposarcomas can be misdiagnosed preoperatively. Hence this case report has been presented to create awareness of this condition among the pathologist and practicing urosurgeons.

Predictors of local recurrence of renal cell cancer. Our experience

Risk factors for renal cell cancer (RCC) recurrence, including its local form, include stage and high Fuhrman grading system score, regional lymph node involvement, microvascular invasion, tumor necrosis, positive surgical margin, and sarcomatoid or rhabdoid tumor differentiation. Objective. The study analyzes data from Moscow Research Oncological Institute named by PA Herzen to determine the predictors of local recurrence of kidney cancer based on the data from surgically treated patients with local recurrent RCC. Material and methods. We analyzed retrospectively data from 87 patients who were divided into 2 groups: 1-st, patients with detected local recurrence of kidney cancer (n=43), and 2-nd, control group (n=44). The following predictors were evaluated: tumor size, tumor histotype, tumor stage, Fuhrman grading system, surgical margin status, tumor necrosis, sarcomatoid and rhabdoid changes, microvascular invasion, hemorrhage and invasion of collecting system components (CSS), renal capsule, and perirenal cellular tissue and primary treatment. Results. The risk of local recurrence was higher in the primary tumor, over 40 mm in diameter (OR=5.8, p<0.001), as well as microvascular invasion and focal hemorrhage (OR=15.1, p=0.001 and OR=3.3, p=0.008, respectively). Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed a negative effect on the risk of local RCC recurrence only for tumor necrosis (OR=15.4, p<0.001 and OR=53.6, p=0.002, respectively) and high Fuhrman grade (OR=10.9, p=0.042 and OR=5.7, p=0.032, respectively). The most significant predictors of local renal cancer recurrence are tumor necrosis (p<0.001), microvascular invasion (p=0.019), positive surgical margin (p=0.009), and high Fuhrman grade (p=0.04). High Fuhrman grade (3–4) of malignancy (HR=1.9, p=0.042), tumor diameter (HR=1.0, p=0.054), positive surgical margin (HR=3.5, p=0.001), and tumor necrosis (HR=2.3, p=0.029) were found to be the most significant factors influencing 5-year local recurrence-free survival rate. Conclusion. The course of renal cell cancer is determined by multiple interrelated and independent prognostic factors.

The relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with visceral fat depots of other localization, metabolic parameters and markers of renal dysfunction in patients with obesity

Background and Aims : To assess the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with visceral fat, metabolic parameters, markers of renal dysfunction in patients with obesity.Methods: The study included 105 people aged 44.8±6.4 years. The group №1-patients with NAFLD, BMI 36.1±3.2kg/m2. The group №2- without NAFLD with BMI 35.5±3.9kg/m2. The TNF, β2 microglobulin, ACRU, IL 6, MCP-1, leptin, resistin and cystatin C was determined by ELISA. GFR was calculated by CKD-EPI formula and cystatin C. The examination of visceral adipose tissue: VAT- measurement at the level of the navel from the inner surface of the rectus abdominis to the posterior wall of the aorta and L4; the thickness of the posterior perirenal fatty tissue and perirenal fatty tissue on both sides.Conclusions: In patients with NAFLD, the parameters of the lipid profile and renal dysfunction deteriorate, which can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Background and Aims : To assess the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with visceral fat, metabolic parameters, markers of renal dysfunction in patients with obesity. Methods: The study included 105 people aged 44.8±6.4 years. The group №1-patients with NAFLD, BMI 36.1±3.2kg/m2. The group №2- without NAFLD with BMI 35.5±3.9kg/m2. The TNF, β2 microglobulin, ACRU, IL 6, MCP-1, leptin, resistin and cystatin C was determined by ELISA. GFR was calculated by CKD-EPI formula and cystatin C. The examination of visceral adipose tissue: VAT- measurement at the level of the navel from the inner surface of the rectus abdominis to the posterior wall of the aorta and L4; the thickness of the posterior perirenal fatty tissue and perirenal fatty tissue on both sides. Conclusions: In patients with NAFLD, the parameters of the lipid profile and renal dysfunction deteriorate, which can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.

PD43-10 CANCER-ASSOCIATED ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS PROMOTE MIGRATION AND INVASION IN KIDNEY CANCER

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022PD43-10 CANCER-ASSOCIATED ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS PROMOTE MIGRATION AND INVASION IN KIDNEY CANCER Yumina Muto, Kazuyuki Numakura, Yuya Sekine, Mizuki Kobayashi, Soki Kashima, Ryohei Yamamoto, Atsushi Koizumi, Taketoshi Nara, Mitsuru Saito, Shintaro Narita, Yasufumi Omori, and Tomonori Habuchi Yumina MutoYumina Muto More articles by this author , Kazuyuki NumakuraKazuyuki Numakura More articles by this author , Yuya SekineYuya Sekine More articles by this author , Mizuki KobayashiMizuki Kobayashi More articles by this author , Soki KashimaSoki Kashima More articles by this author , Ryohei YamamotoRyohei Yamamoto More articles by this author , Atsushi KoizumiAtsushi Koizumi More articles by this author , Taketoshi NaraTaketoshi Nara More articles by this author , Mitsuru SaitoMitsuru Saito More articles by this author , Shintaro NaritaShintaro Narita More articles by this author , Yasufumi OmoriYasufumi Omori More articles by this author , and Tomonori HabuchiTomonori Habuchi More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002604.10AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (A-MSCs) are known to be a preeminent contributor to tumor microenvironments. Their role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been entirely investigated. This study aimed to clarify the significance of A-MSCs in RCC. METHODS: Human A-MSCs were isolated from the perirenal fat in RCC patients (RCC-MSC) and kidney transplantation donors (Donor-MSC) for use as controls. Several RCC cell lines were co-cultured with the A-MSCs, then analyzed for their migration and invasive ability. Molecular pathways activated in the RCC-MSCs and isolated RCC cultures were assessed. Beta-catenin in perirenal fat from surgical specimens from RCC patients was stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS: RCC-MSCs expressed higher levels of mRNAs encoding Hes1, Hey1, and Twist, higher protein levels of beta-catenin, and reduced protein levels of phospho-Akt (Ser473) and phospho-p38 MAPK relative to Donor-MSCs (Figure 1A and B). These results suggest that RCC-MSC stemness is reduced compared with Donor-MSCs in terms of stemness associated molecular pathways. This finding was confirmed by the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymatic activity (ALDH) assays, in which fewer RCC-MSCs were ALDH+ than Donor-MSCs (Figure 1C). We next analyzed cell function by co-culturing with RCC cell lines. Tumor cell migration was significantly elevated in RCC-MSC cultures compared with RCC cell lines cultured alone (Figure 2A and B). Pathway screening using the RCC cell line revealed elevated urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) mRNA expression in RCC-MSCs than cultured alone (Figure 2C). In RCC surgical specimens, IHC of perirenal stromal tissue for beta-catenin showed a high positive correlation with tumor aggressiveness (Figure 2D). CONCLUSIONS: Co-culturing of RCC-MSCs with RCC cell lines exacerbated tumor invasiveness. Interaction between A-MSCs and tumors may promote A-MSC differentiation from pluripotent stem cells, and facilitate RCC migration and invasion by increasing expression of uPA in tumor cells. Source of Funding: None © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e706 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Yumina Muto More articles by this author Kazuyuki Numakura More articles by this author Yuya Sekine More articles by this author Mizuki Kobayashi More articles by this author Soki Kashima More articles by this author Ryohei Yamamoto More articles by this author Atsushi Koizumi More articles by this author Taketoshi Nara More articles by this author Mitsuru Saito More articles by this author Shintaro Narita More articles by this author Yasufumi Omori More articles by this author Tomonori Habuchi More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Perirenal Infiltration of Signet Ring Cell Colon Carcinoma Shown by 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT

A soft tissue lesion surrounding the left kidney was detected in 18F-FDG PET/CT performed with suspicion of recurrence in a patient who was operated for descending colon cancer and showed mild FDG uptake. Intense fibroblast activation protein-specific inhibitor (FAPI) uptake in the perirenal soft tissue was observed in 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT. Tru-cut biopsy of the left perirenal lesion revealed signet ring cell colon carcinoma metastasis. This case demonstrated that 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT could be a promising radiopharmaceutical for the evaluation of signet ring cell colon carcinomas.

НЕТРАВМАТИЧЕСКИЙ РАЗРЫВ ФОРНИКСА С ЭКСТРАВАЗАЦИЕЙ КОНТРАСТА

Purpose: Description of a clinical case of surgical treatment of nontraumatic rupture of the renal calyx fornix, with extravasation of contrast agent into the perirenal tissue. Material and methods: Provided surgical treatment to a patient with spontaneous rupture of the calyx fornix on the background of ureteral obstruction caused by a stone. Results: Considering the concomitant pathology in the form of obstructive pyelonephritis, it was decided to drain the upper urinary tract with an external stent. After 7 days, the patient underwent replacement of the external stent with the internal one. The patient underwent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory therapy, with a positive clinical, laboratory effect. Retrograde pyelography was performed 7 days later. Violations of the integrity of the cavity system of the left kidney were not revealed. The external stent was replaced with an internal one. After 2 months, ureterolitho-extraction was performed on the left. Conclusion: From the data of the world literature and our own experience, we can conclude that spontaneous, non-traumatic rupture of the fornix is an extremely rare, urgent urological disease. We assume that the development of this process is similar to the Burhave syndrome, since smooth muscle fibers are present in the esophagus as well as in the esophagus. In order to provide immediate assistance to such patients, it is necessary to urgently drain the upper urinary tract. Timely diagnosis of this condition requires rapid tactics in the form of immediate ultrasound, radiological diagnostic methods, as well as computed tomography. The operational manual on the removal of stones in this case should be postponed for 2–3 weeks.

Antiobesity and Hepatoprotective Effects of Protein Hydrolysates Derived from Protaetia brevitarsis in an Obese Mouse Model.

Background Obesity induced by excessive nutrients can cause fatty liver and metabolic dysfunction, which leads to hepatic dysfunction and local/systemic inflammatory responses. Previously, we analyzed the antioxidant, antilipotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory effects of protein hydrolysates in vitro. The aim of the present study is to investigate the antiobesity and hepatoprotective effects of protein hydrolysates derived from Protaectia brevitas (PHPB) in an obese mouse model. Methods For this in vivo study, 40 mice were included and divided into four groups: (1) normal diet group, (2) high-fat-diet (ctrl(–)) group, (3) high-fat-diet and silymarin-treated (ctrl(+)) group, and (4) high-fat-diet and PHPB-treated group. After 6 weeks of treatment, body weight and the amount of daily food intake were observed. Moreover, the major organs and blood of animals were collected for the analysis of serum chemistry, histopathological examination, and obesity- and inflammation-related gene expressions. Results The body weight and the amount of daily food intake significantly decreased in the PHPB-treated group compared with those in the ctrl(–) group. The levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, bilirubin, total cholesterol, TG, low-density lipoprotein, IL-6, TNF-α, and IGF-1 significantly reduced in the PHPB-treated group, whereas the serum free fatty acid, albumin, high-density lipoprotein, and adiponectin concentrations increased. In the analysis of weight of the liver, kidney, lungs, spleen, and fat tissues (from epididymal, perirenal, and mesentery tissues), the PHPB-treated group showed decreased values compared with the ctrl(–) group. In the histopathological analysis, the PHPB-treated group showed significantly reduced macrovesicular fatty change and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver, and the size of the adipocyte in the epididymis also significantly decreased. The obesity- and inflammation-related gene (IL-6, TNF-α, IGF-1, leptin, AP2/FABP4, AMPK-α2, β3AR, and PPAR-γ) expressions in the liver and epididymal adipose tissue were reduced in the PHPB-treated group. Conclusions Overall, the results of this study suggest that the protein hydrolysates that derived from Protaectia brevitas produce antiobesity and hepatoprotective effects via anti-inflammatory activities.

Epidemiology and Prognostic Factors for Survival of Clear Cell Renal Carcinomas

Tumor size, histologic grade, and TNM classification characterize kidney tumors and provide a useful prognosis for predicting survival in research and medicine. Our objective was to determine the postoperative survival of operated patients with a diagnosis of clear cell renal carcinomas (CCRC) and to evaluate its relationship with other prognostic factors. Age, sex, clinical presentation, size, Fuhrman nuclear grade, tumor-nodule-metastasis (TNM) stage, and the presence of local invasion were retrospectively analyzed in 66 patients operated on for clear cell renal carcinomas. Clinical follow-up was performed for 5 years to determine postoperative survival. During the follow-up period, 17 deaths occurred, with the cancer-specific survival rate being 77%. The presenting symptoms of the tumor that led to the diagnosis were not related to postoperative survival. The estimated survival for stages T2 was 100%, for T1 it was 93%, and for T3 it was 55%. No patients were found in stage T4. The lower Fuhrman grades (I and II) had an 85% survival rate, while the higher grades (III and IV) had a 53% survival rate. Survival rates also varied depending on the type of adjacent tissue that was affected. Specifically, survival decreased to 80% when infiltrating the renal capsule, 70% when infiltrating the perirenal tissues, and 28% when invading the renal vein. We can conclude that tumor size in CRCC is not a prognostic factor that allows determining postoperative survival independently, and for this reason, it should be considered as a variable that acquires importance when evaluated together with the presence of vascular invasion or adjacent tissues. We can confirm that the Fuhrman Histological Grade is useful as an independent parameter of survival when grouped into low and high grades.

Correction of metabolic disturbances by functional food compositions in experimental obesity in CD-1 and agouti-yellow mice

Background: To determine the most promising composition, the possibility of correction of metabolic disturbances was investigated with the use of functional food compositions in CD1 and agouti-yellow mice in experimental obesity.Methods: Agouti-yellow and CD1 mice were divided into 10 groups (control, 1/1, 1/9, 2/1, 2/9 in each line) according to diets. For 4 weeks, the groups ate a high-calorie diet. Starting with week 5th, composition 1 was added to the diet in groups 1/1 (60% lard + 39% standard laboratory feed + 1% composition 1 + 10% fructose solution), 1/9 (60% lard + 31% standard laboratory feed + 9% composition 1 + 10% fructose solution); composition 2 was added to the diet in groups 2/1 (60% lard + 39% standard laboratory feed + 1% composition 2 + 10% fructose solution), 2/9 (60% lard + 39% standard laboratory feed + 9% composition 2 + 10% fructose solution). On the day 56th, each animal was weighed, blood was taken for biochemical analysis (glucose, LDL, cholesterol and HDL) and organs (the skin of the anterior abdominal wall, skeletal muscle tissue in the area of the lateral surface of the thigh, liver, kidneys with perirenal tissue, pancreas, and thymus) were taken for histological examination.Results: In agouti-yellow mice, group 2/9, the greatest decrease in blood glucose level was observed compared to the control group by 34.6% (p < 0.05). Consumption of compositions in groups 1/9 and 2/9 led to a significant decrease in LDL and a significant decrease in total cholesterol level by 21.9% (p < 0.05) and 18.8% (p < 0.05) respectively compared to the control group. HDL was significantly higher in groups 1/9, 2/9 than in the control group. In CD-1 mice, group 2/9 showed the best result in glucose level (mean 5.78 mmol/l) among all groups receiving functional food compositions and the control group. The most pronounced decrease in LDL was observed in groups 1/9, 2/9 compared to the control group (p < 0.05). HDL value in group 2/9 significantly exceeded the mean value in the control group, by 54.8% (p < 0.05). Body mass of agouti-yellow mice and CD-1 mice in groups 1/1, 2/1, 1/9, and 2/9 significantly decreased compared to control groups. According to the results of histological examination of organs and tissues, functional food composition 2 turned out to be the most promising.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the most promising composition was selected (composition 2). Feeding animals with this composition improved histological pictures of studied organs and tissues, biochemical blood parameters and effectively reduced body mass in both experimental animal lines, CD-1, and agouti-yellow mice, compared to the control groups. Keywords: CD-1 mice, agouti-yellow mice, experimental obesity, LDL, cholesterol

Echinococcus horseshoe kidney

Echinococcus kidney is a rare disease. Keropian, in his monograph on echinococcus of the kidney, could only give 86 cases of echinococcus of the kidney and perirenal tissue, which he found in Russian literature 46 years before the end of 1928.

Effect of the antioxidant type phytonutrients diet supplementation on lamb quality

The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of Siberian larch dihydroquercetin and dry distilled rose petals supplementation of lambs’ diet on the quality of meat obtained from Bulgarian dairy synthetic population sheep. The experiments were performed with 30 clinically healthy male lambs aged 65 days with equal live weight. There were studied one control group (C) fed for 50 days with ground alfalfa + granulated compound feed and two experimental groups (D) and (R) fed on the same diet supplemented either with 7.5 mg dihydroquercetin/kg/day or with 545 mg DDRP/kg/day respectively. The DDRP diet supplementation increases the sensory scores, carotenoids and essential amino acids of muscles (P ≤ 0.05) but does not affect the content of tocopherols. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found comparing the proximate composition of the group C, R and D. Compared to control group C the supplementation of lambs’ diet with dihydroquercetin and DDRP contributes to a certain increase in the sterols in muscle and adipose tissues but not in liver tissue (P ≤ 0.05). A reduction of WHC of m. Longissimus dorsi and microbial deterioration in both muscles and perirenal fatty tissue was found in experimental groups D and R.

Transitional Cell Carcinoma with Distal Urethra: A Case Report

Introduction: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the ureter, also called urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) of the ureter, are uncommon compared to similar tumors elsewhere along the urinary tract but are nonetheless the most common primary tumor of the ureter. Transitional cells can stretch and change form. The lining of the renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra is made up of them. In the body, there are many different types of cells, each with its function. Transitional cells can stretch and change form. They are the cells lining line the inside of the renal. When urine is stored in or flowing through these organs, the lining required cells that can stretch to extend. TCC of the kidney begins in the renal pelvis. TCC may begin in the ureters, bladder, or urethra.
 Patient Information: A 75 years old male was admitted to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural hospital sawangi meghe Wardha with chief complaints of low urine output vomiting, loss of appetite, swelling of the abdomen crampy abdominal pain that comes and goes.
 Therapeutic Intervention and Outcomes: The emerging technique of CT urography allows detection of urinary tract tumors and calculi, assessment of perirenal tissues, and staging of lesions; it may offer the opportunity for one-stop evaluation in the initial assessment of hematuria and follow-up of TCC. Similar MR imaging protocols can be used in patients who are not candidates for CT urography, although detection of urinary tract calcifications may be suboptimal.

Новая малотравматичная пункционная игла MG. Результаты сравнительного морфологического исследования

Despite the low invasiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, this surgery is not without complications. One of the most important stages of the operation, on which depends not only the success of the patient completely getting rid of calculus, but the likelihood of complications, is the puncture of the pelvic-pelvic system.Determination of the effectiveness and security of the new less-traumatic puncture needle MG under experimental conditions.A series of pork kidney punctures with a new less-traumatic needle MG and standard Chiba and Troakar needles (Coloplast A/S, Denmark) were performed under experimental conditions, followed by a comparative morphological assessment. The staining of the slides was performed with hematoxylin and eosin. For the purpose of additional assessment of the structures of the kidney punctured with a low-traumatic MG needle, a morphological assessment of the parenchyma stained with picrofuchsin according to Van Gieson was performed.On parenchymal slides with punctures with Chiba and Trocar needles, the passage places with multiple large fragments of desquamated (damaged) epithelium are visualized. On preparations of the parenchyma punctured with a less-traumatic needle MG, the place of passage of the needle is presented with clear contours. The damaged epithelium in the lumen of the formed defect is practically absent. With additional staining according to Van Gieson (magnification x200), the integrity of the full-blooded vessel adjacent to the limited focus of the needle MG was visualized. Output. The new less-traumatic puncture needle MG is an innovative development in urology. The design of the needle with an atraumatic mandrel-bulb atraumatic mandrel-bulb on a spring basis made it possible to significantly reduce the trauma to the structures of the kidney and perirenal tissues due to the bougienage effect.

The Effect of FATP1 on Adipocyte Differentiation in Qinchuan Beef Cattle.

Simple SummaryPrevious research found that FATP1 plays an important role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and lipid accumulation in pig and chicken, but its function has not been explored in bovine adipocyte yet. In this study, we investigated the effect of FATP1 expression on preadipocyte differentiation in Qinchuan cattle using overexpression and interference assays. Our results reveal that FATP1 overexpression promoted preadipocyte differentiation, lipid droplet formation, and the expression of LPL and PPARγ, while FATP1 interference had the opposite effects on adipocyte differentiation and fat deposition. Following FATP1 overexpression and FATP1 interference in adipocytes, RNA-seq analysis identified that SLPI, STC1, SEMA6A, TNFRSF19, SLN, PTGS2, ADCYP1, FADS2, and SCD genes were differentially expressed. Pathway analysis revealed that the PPAR signaling pathway, AMPK signal pathway, and Insulin signaling pathway were enriched with differentially expressed genes. We propose that the FATP1 gene may affect the beef quality by involving adipocyte differentiation and lipid deposition, and may shed new light on the formation mechanisms of adipose tissues.FATP1 plays an important role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and lipid accumulation. In this study, we investigated the patterns of FATP1 expression in various tissues obtained from calf and adult Qinchuan cattle, and in differentiating adipocytes. Next, we investigated the effect of FATP1 expression on preadipocyte differentiation in Qinchuan cattle using overexpression and interference assays. We also identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways associated with FATP1 overexpression/interference. Our results reveal that FATP1 was broadly expressed in heart, kidney, muscle, small intestine, large intestine, and perirenal fat tissues. While FATP1 overexpression promoted preadipocyte differentiation, fat deposition, and the expression of several genes involved in fat metabolism, FATP1 interference had the opposite effects on adipocyte differentiation. Following FATP1 overexpression and FATP1 interference in adipocytes, RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify DEGs related to fat metabolism. The DEGs identified include SLPI, STC1, SEMA6A, TNFRSF19, SLN, PTGS2, ADCYP1, FADS2, and SCD. Pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway, AMPK signal pathway, and Insulin signaling pathway. Our results provide an in-depth understanding of the function and regulation mechanism of FAPT1 in fat metabolism.

Forgotten DJ stent presenting with emphysematous pyelonephritis: A life threatening complication.

IntroductionEmphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an uncommon suppurative infection of renal parenchyma and perirenal tissue characterized by production of gas within renal parenchyma, collecting system or perinephric tissue.Case presentationWe report a case of young non diabetic female with past history of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) who presented with intermittent lower abdominal pain, dysuria and left lower limb swelling. Abdomen examination was notable for tenderness at left iliac fossa and fullness at left renal angle. Blood investigation showed leukocytosis and deranged creatinine levels. Urine analysis showed pyuria. Transabdominal ultrasound revealed left nephrolithiasis with moderate hydronephrosis, vesical calculus and double J (DJ) stent in situ. Patient was diagnosed as acute pyelonephritis and started on intravenous antibiotics. Despite on medical management, the condition deteriorated and progressed to septic shock. Computed tomography of kidneys, ureters and bladder (CT KUB) showed air fluid level in calyceal system with perinephric collection and confirmed diagnosis as emphysematous pyelonephritis. Patient underwent surgical drainage to control the sepsis. Few days later after control of sepsis and optimization, left nephrectomy and removal of retained DJ stent was done.Clinical discussionThis case report highlights the need to consider emphysematous pyelonephritis as a possible diagnosis in patients harbouring DJ stents even in young non diabetics. Early aggressive medical management coupled with urological intervention is a valuable alternative to upfront emergent nephrectomy. However, surgery should not be delayed in patient with fulminant infection at presentation or who failed on conservative management.ConclusionEmphysematous pyelonephritis warrants high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis and can be fatal if not recognized early and promptly treated.

A case of emphysematous pyelonephritis presenting as leg pain- a multi disciplinary approach

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare and severe infection of the kidney, which is characterized by necrotising changes in the renal parenchyma and accumulation of gas in the peri-renal tissue. The causative organism is usually a gas forming gram negative bacteria. We present a case of 65 years old gentleman presenting with leg pain, little lower urinary tract symptoms of fever, referred to our hospital with a renal mass requiring nephrectomy. He was subsequently diagnosed as EPN, requiring aggressive antibiotic therapy, haemodialysis, fasciotomy and surgical debridement. This case highlights the timely interventions required by multiple specialities and aggressive management including surgical intervention essential for an acceptable recovery. We have also tried to understand the pathophysiology of the disease and why it responds poorly to treatment.