Pearson X2 Research Articles

Relationship between Parenting Styles, Academic Performance and Socio-demographic Factors among Undergraduates at Universiti Putra Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between parenting styles, undergraduates’ academic performances and socio-demographic factors (ethnic group and socioeconomic status) among undergraduates at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). This is a cross sectional survey research, which involved 302 undergraduates from Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The instrument of Parenting Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) from Buri (1991) was used to measure the undergraduates’ perceived parenting style. The collected data was analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS). The findings showed there was a significant negative relationship between authoritarian parenting style and undergraduates’ academic performance (r = -0.160*), but no significant relationship between academic performance and the other two parenting styles, which were authoritative and permissive parenting style. Chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference in parenting styles among the undergraduates in term of ethnic group (Pearson X² (6, N=302) = 4.520, p > 0.05), as well as socioeconomic status (Pearson X² (6, N=302) = 4.249, p > 0.05). This study showed that authoritarian parenting style is negatively correlated with academic performance. Hence, recommendations are given to parents, tertiary education institution and educators.

Risk factors for nosocomial infections after cardiac surgery in newborns with congenital heart disease

Congenital heart diseases are among the most common congenital malformations. Approximately 50% of the patients with congenital heart disease undergo cardiac surgery. Nosocomial infections (NIs) are the main complications and an important cause of increased morbidity and mortality associated with congenital heart diseases. This study's objective was to identify the risk factors associated with the development of NIs after cardiac surgery in newborns with congenital heart disease. This was a nested case-control study that included 112 newborns, including 56 cases (with NI) and 56 controls (without NI). Variables analyzed included perinatal history, associated congenital malformations, Risk-Adjusted Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) score, perioperative and postoperative factors, transfusions, length of central venous catheter, nutritional support, and mechanical ventilation. Differences were calculated with the Mann-Whitney-U test, Pearson X2, or Fisher's exact test. A multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the independent risk factors. Sepsis was the most common NI (37.5%), and the main causative microorganisms were gram-positive cocci. The independent risk factors associated with NI were non-cardiac congenital malformations (OR 6.1, CI 95% 1.3-29.4), central venous catheter indwelling time>14 days(OR 3.7, CI 95% 1.3-11.0), duration of mechanical ventilation>7 days (OR 6.6, CI 95% 2.1-20.1), and ≥5 transfusions of blood products (OR 3.1, CI 95% 1.3-8.5). Mortality attributed to NI was 17.8%. Newborns with non-cardiac congenital malformations and with >7 days of mechanical ventilation were at higher risk for a postoperative NI. Efforts must focus on preventable infections, especially in bloodstream catheter-related infections, which account for 20.5% of all NIs.

Prognostic role of tumour-associated macrophages and regulatory T cells in EBV-positive and EBV-negative nasopharyngeal carcinoma

AimsTumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) form a special niche supporting tumour progression, and both correlate with worse survival in head and neck cancers. However, the prognostic role...

Epidemiology of Dance-Related Injuries Presenting to Emergency Departments in the United States, 2000-2013.

Data were obtained from the nationally representative National Electronic Injury Surveillance System from 2000-2013. National estimates of injuries were determined using complex sample design. Trends using 2-year intervals were calculated using linear regression and injury proportion ratios using Pearson's X2. The average annual incidence of dance-related injuries requiring emergency medical attention was 17,145 per year. The number of injuries grew from 14,204 in 2000/1 to 21,356 in 2012/3, a change of 33.4% after accounting for population growth. Lower limb injuries were most common, particularly ankle and knee sprains. Females presented with a greater proportion of ankle (injury proportion ratio [IPR]=1.34, p=0.029) and foot sprains (IPR=2.11, p<0.001) but a lower proportion of shoulder sprains (IPR=0.41, p<0.001) and face lacerations (IPR=0.13, p<0.001). Younger dancers presented with a lower proportion of knee (IPR=0.79, p=0.006) and low back sprains (IPR=0.68, p=0.019). The average annual incidence of dance-related injuries of a serious enough nature to require presentation to the emergency department in the United States was 17,145 per year, with ankle and knee sprains being the most common. Injury numbers have increased in recent years.

Bioimpedance analysis vs. DEXA as a screening tool for osteosarcopenia in lean, overweight and obese Caucasian postmenopausal females.

We aimed at evaluating the efficiency of a newly developed, advanced Bioimpedance Analysis (BIA-ACC®) device as a screening tool for determining the degree of obesity and osteosarcopenia in postmenopausal women with normal or decreased bone density determined by Dual-Energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in a representative sample of Greek postmenopausal women. This is a single-gate cross-sectional study of body composition measured by BIA-ACC® and DEXA. Postmenopausal females with BMI ranging from 18.5 to 40 kg/m2 were subjected to two consecutive measurements of DEXA and BIA-ACC® within 5-10 minutes of each other. We used Pearson's co-efficient to examine linear correlations, the intraclass correlation co-efficient (ICC) to test reliability, Bland-Atman plots to assess bias and Deming regressions to establish the agreement in parameters measured by BIA-ACC® and DEXA. Last, we used ANOVA, with Bonferroni correction and Dunnett T3 post hoc tests, for assessing the differences between quantitative and Pearson's x2 between qualitative variables. Our sample consisted of 84 overweight/obese postmenopausal women, aged 39-83 years, of whom 22 had normal bone density, 38 had osteopenia and 24 had osteoporosis based on DEXA measurements, using quota sampling. ICCs and Deming regressions showed strong agreement between BIA-ACC® and DEXA and demonstrated minimal proportional differences of no apparent clinical significance. Bland-Altman plots indicated minimal biases. Fat, skeletal and bone mass measured by BIA-ACC® and DEXA were increased in the non-osteopenic/non-osteoporotic women compared with those of the osteopenic and osteoporotic groups. BIA-ACC® is a rapid, bloodless and useful screening tool for determining body composition adiposity and presence of osteo-sarcopenic features in postmenopausal women. Women with osteopenia and osteoporosis evaluated by DEXA had decreased fat, skeletal and bone mass compared with normal bone density women, suggesting concordance in the change of these three organ masses in postmenopausal women.

Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Risk Factors among Children in North-western Uganda: A Cross Sectional Study

BackgroundDespite the public health significance of anaemia in African children, its broader and often preventable risk factors remain largely under described. This study investigated, for the first time, the prevalence of childhood anaemia and its risk factors in an urban setting in Uganda.MethodsA total of 342 children were enrolled. Venous blood samples were collected in EDTA tubes and analyzed using Symex 500i (Symex Corp. Japan). Stool and urine samples were analyzed according to established standard methods. Anthropometric indicators were calculated according to the CDC/WHO 1978 references. Ethical approval was granted.ResultsCategorically, the prevalence of anaemia was; 37.2, 33.3 and 11.8% among children aged 1–5 years, 6–11 years and 12–14 years respectively. Overall anaemia prevalence was 34.4%. The risk of anaemia was higher among males than females [(OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.8, 2.1), P = .22]. Malaria was associated with a 1.5 times risk of anaemia though not statistically significant in the multivariate analysis (P = .19). Maternal parity <5 (P = .002), and stunting [(OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3, 4.7), P = .004] were positively associated with anaemia. There was a positive correlation between household size and income (Pearson X2 = 22.96; P = .001), implying that large families were of higher socioeconomic status.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that anaemia is more prevalent in the under-5 age. The risk factors are stunting and low maternal parity. Interventions that address nutritional deficiencies in both pre-school and school children are recommended. Malaria and helminthiasis control measures counter the risk of anaemia. Further studies are required to investigate the association between maternal parity and anaemia found in this study.

Prognostic role of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in EBV positive and EBV negative nasopharyngeal carcinoma

ObjectivesTumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) correlate with both better and worse prognosis in solid tumors. As therapeutic modalities for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are limited, immunotherapy could be a potential alternative. Up till now there is limited prognostic data on the role of TILs in NPC, so we assessed the prognostic role of TILs in Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) positive and negative NPC. MethodsTissue of 92 NPCs was assessed for CD3, CD4, CD8, PD1 and PDL1 expression in the tumor’s micro-environment. Correlations between clinicopathological characteristics was assessed using the Pearson X2 test, Fisher’s exact test and ANOVA. Survival was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. Differences in CD3, CD4, CD8, PD1, PDL1 counts/(co)expression between EBV positive and negative NPCs were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. Two-tailed P values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. ResultsEBV positive NPC contains significantly more CD3, CD4 and CD8 TILs than EBV negative NPC. In the whole NPC group, increased CD8 count is associated with better overall survival (OS) (HR 0.219 (95%CI 0.075–0.640)), but also in cases with PDL1 co-expression (HR 0.073 (95%CI 0.010–0.556)). In EBV positive NPC co-expression of CD8 and PDL1 showed better disease free survival (HR 0.407 (95%CI 0.195–0.850)) and OS (HR 0.170 (95%CI 0.037–0.787)). ConclusionsAlthough TILs are significantly different between EBV positive and negative NPCs, it is especially composition of the infiltrate which determines prognosis. Effects of PD1 and CD8 need more study, because these findings show much potential in using immunotherapeutic modalities in NPC treatment.

Identifying Predictors of Health in Adults with an Intellectual Disability

Body mass index (BMI) and age are well-known predictors of an individual’s health (Peter et al., 2015). However, many studies recently suggest that there should be additional factors between BMI and health to strengthen the relationship (McAuley et al., 2014). This complicated process might apply to adults with an intellectual disability (ID), but there have been limited understanding on what other factors influence health over BMI and age in this underserved population. PURPOSE: To identify health predictors in adults with ID, controlling for BMI and age. METHODS: We employed secondary data analysis using 6814 adults with ID (age 18–96 years; 56% men) from the 2013–14 Adult Consumer Survey by National Core Indicators to reveal the potential predictors. Tested variables included personal, health, residence, employment, daytime activities, home, friends/family/staff support, service satisfaction, community participation, and choice-related variables. Considering a type of the outcome variable (i.e., four health categories from poor to excellent), a forward model selection method based on ordinal multiple regression was employed to find out the best model explaining health in adults with ID. RESULTS: Mobility, moderate physical activity (PA) engagement, tobacco use, staff support, having a job, eating out in the past month, and having a vacation in the past year were all significant predictors of health in this population (p <. 001), and the model containing those predictors explained 17% of variance on health of adults with ID, after accounting for BMI and age. Those who moved without mobility aids, engaged in PA, didn’t smoke, had a job, received less staff support, ate out, and had vacation were significantly healthier than their counterparts. For instance, the ordered logit for adults with ID who didn’t routinely engage in moderate PA being a less heathy category is .49 more than their counterparts. The goodness-of-fit test (Pearson x2 = 20241.5, p > .05) revealed that this model fits well. CONCLUSION: Apart from BMI and age, we have to consider various personal, social and environmental predictors to better explain health of adults with ID. Interestingly, the health predictors found in this study are closely aligned with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO, 2001).

The utilisation of one district hospital emergency department by people with Parkinson’s disease

BackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in Australia and the economic burden is more than $8.3 billion a year and predicted to escalate. However, little is known of the trends and characteristics of people with Parkinson's disease presenting to emergency departments (ED). MethodThe study design was a 12 month retrospective medical record audit. The study was conducted in one metropolitan 300 bed district hospital in an outer suburb of Sydney. ResultsOne hundred and twenty nine adult patients (0.4%) with PD presented with a mean age of 79.5 years (SD 7.7); all were over 60 years of age. Of the 129 PD patient cases, there were 260 separate ED episodes of care with the majority (n=151; 58.1%) of patients living in the community and presenting with falls (n=108; 41.5%). There was no statistical difference in triage code allocation when comparing PD patients and ED adult patients (over 60years). There was no difference in representation rate when comparing those over 80years (n=128) with those under 80 years (n=132). The average length of stay for PD patient episodes was 323min (SD 225) compared with 193min (SD 136) for ED patients. Younger adult patient episodes (n=132; 51.0%) were admitted to hospital more frequently than those aged over 80 years (Pearson's X2 test 162.2; df 1; p<0.001. ConclusionWe identified in this study that people with PD have a high rate of falls, longer length of stay, high admission rate and represent frequently to the ED. Improved detection, management and a multidisciplinary approach for people with PD along with strict medication regime adherence is likely to improve safety, quality of life, reduce symptom aggravation and ongoing risk of falls.

Availability of a sports dietitian may lead to improved performance and recovery of NCAA division I baseball athletes

BackgroundThe purpose was to survey dietary habits (DH) and nutrient timing (NT) practices of baseball student-athletes (mean ± SD; 20.7 ± 1.4 yr.) from three NCAA Division I institutions, and examine the effect of a sports dietitian (SD) in regard to nutrition practices.MethodsDescriptive statistics and Pearson X2 analyses were run. Responses on 10 DH and 5 NT items differed (p ≤ 0.10) between athletes who sought dietary planning from a SD (n = 36) versus those who consulted a strength and conditioning coach (SCC, n = 42).ResultsIn regard to DH items, the SD group found it easier to eat before activity (92% vs. 71%, p = 0.03), did not consume fast food (31% vs. 14%, p = 0.02), caffeinated beverages (57% vs. 46%, p = 0.02), or soda (56% vs. 37%, p = 0.10), prepared their own meals more often (86% vs. 73%, p = 0.07), and took daily multi-vitamins (56% vs. 32%, p = 0.02). The SCC group ate more at burger locations (21% vs. 6%, p = 0.02). In regard to NT items, the SD group ate breakfast before training/lifting sessions (67% vs. 37%, p = 0.02), and had post-workout nutrition options provided (61% vs. 27%, p = 0.01). The SCC group reported pre-competition meals of fast food (58% vs. 45%, p = 0.01), and sport coaches who were less aware of healthy food options (39% vs. 65%, p = 0.05).ConclusionsThe SD is as a valuable asset to an intercollegiate athletics program. In the current study, athletes from the SD group consumed less high calorie/low nutrient dense items, ate before exercise, and consumed healthier options post-exercise. The presence of a SD was linked to provision of healthier food options during team trips. The evidence-based eating strategies and dietary plan provided by a SD may lead to improved performance and recovery.

Assessment of knowledge about cardiopulmonary resuscitation among medical school students

Introduction. Mastering the skills of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation is a basic task for all health workers. In this concept, this paper examines and assesses the knowledge of resuscitation in students of the healthcare professions. Method. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study among students of the secondary medical school in Novi Sad (n 80), in 2015/16 years. A questionnaire is in the form of a test of knowledge. For statistical analysis we used SPSS program, we used methods of descriptive statistics. For testing statistical significance by sex and age we used the method of cross tables and Pearson's x2 test at a confidence level of p ≤ 0.05%. Results. Half of the respondents believe that they do not have enough practical experience to participate in resuscitation. Also, we found a deficit of knowledge in the ratio of air insufflation and external compression of the heart, in the field of medicines and EKG tests. Conclusion. Almost a third of future health workers does not have adequate knowledge of resuscitation, and does not know properly implement the revival. These data confirm the hypothesis that the during the education of future health workers we need to put more emphasis on the management of emergency situations as well as routine drills and practice the procedure of resuscitation.

Evaluation of six leaf angle distribution functions in the Castillo® coffee variety

The study was conducted at the "Estación Central Naranjal Ce-nicafé" (National Coffee Research Center, Chinchina, Caldas, Colombia) on Coffea arábica L. variety Castillo® to find the leaf angle distribution function that best described the tilt of the angles present in the canopy. Leaf angles were recorded for 1,559 leaves located in the upper, middle and lower profiles of the canopy. The observed leaf angle distribution was compared with the Beta, ellipsoidal and four de Wit distribution functions. The fit between comparisons was determined by the Pearson X2 test and its significance, the regression coefficient statistically equal to one and the RMSE. Likewise, the leaf angle distribution recorded in the field per profile and their combination was described based on three angle classes (1stclass: 0°-30°; 2nd class: 30°-60°; and 3rd class: 60°-90°) according to the Goudriaan criterion. Generally, the leaf angle distribution present in the canopy of Castillo® coffee variety is adequately described by the Beta function with two parameters and the ellipsoidal function based on the adjustment provided by the statistical tests.

A Histopathological Feature of EGFR-Mutated Lung Adenocarcinomas with Highly Malignant Potential - An Implication of Micropapillary Element.

The purpose of this study was to define histological features determining the malignant potential of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Surgically resected tumors (EGFR-mutated LADCs with (21) and without (79) lymph node metastasis and EGFR wild-type LADCs with (26) and without (108) lymph node metastasis) and biopsy samples from inoperably advanced tumors (EGFR-mutated LADCs (78) and EGFR wild-type LADCs (99)) were examined. In surgically resected tumors, the EGFR-mutated LADCs with lymph node metastasis had the micropapillary element in a significantly greater proportion than others (Mann-Whitney tests P ≤0.026). The proportion of micropapillary element was higher in the EGFR-mutated LADC at the advanced stage (stage II, III, or IV) than in the tumor at the early stage (stage I) (Mann-Whitney test, P<0.0001). In the biopsy samples from inoperably advanced LADCs (177), EGFR-mutated tumors also had micropapillary element at a higher frequency than EGFR-wild type tumors (53/78 (68%), versus 30/99 (30%), Pearson x2 test, P<0.0001). In stage I EGFR-mutated LADCs (84), the tumors with the micropapillary element (34) exhibited a significantly higher recurrence rate than tumors without micropapillary element (50) (5-year Recurrence-free survival 64.4% versus 93.3%, log-rank test P = 0.028). The micropapillary element may be an exclusive determinant of malignant potential in EGFR-mutated LADC. It is suggested that EGFR-mutated LADC may develop through a distinct histogenesis, in which the micropapillary element is important for promoting progression.

Non-harmonicity in high-frequency components of the intra-operative corticogram to delineate epileptogenic tissue during surgery.

We aimed to test the potential of auto-regressive model residual modulation (ARRm), an artefact-insensitive method based on non-harmonicity of the high-frequency signal, to identify epileptogenic tissue during surgery. Intra-operative electrocorticography (ECoG) of 54 patients with refractory focal epilepsy were recorded pre- and post-resection at 2048Hz. The ARRm was calculated in one-minute epochs in which high-frequency oscillations (HFOs; fast ripples, 250-500Hz; ripples, 80-250Hz) and spikes were marked. We investigated the pre-resection fraction of HFOs and spikes explained by the ARRm (h2-index). A general ARRm threshold was set and used to compare the ARRm to surgical outcome in post-resection ECoG (Pearson X2). ARRm was associated strongest with the number of fast ripples in pre-resection ECoG (h2=0.80, P<0.01), but also with ripples and spikes. An ARRm threshold of 0.47 yielded high specificity (95%) with 52% sensitivity for channels with fast ripples. ARRm values >0.47 were associated with poor outcome at channel and patient level (both P<0.01) in post-resection ECoG. The ARRm algorithm might enable intra-operative delineation of epileptogenic tissue. ARRm is the first unsupervised real-time analysis that could provide an intra-operative, 'on demand' interpretation per electrode about the need to remove underlying tissue to optimize the chance of seizure freedom.

Firearm injuries in a pediatric population: African-American adolescents continue to carry the heavy burden

BackgroundFirearm injuries have the highest case-fatality rate among pediatric trauma related deaths. We sought to determine whether demographics, mechanism of injury, and outcomes were age specific. MethodsWe performed a 5 year retrospective analysis of patients 0–19 years old with firearm related injuries. Children were divided into two cohorts based on age. Mann-Whitney and Pearson's X2 were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Significance was established at p < 0.05. DataCompared to their younger counterparts, children >15 years old were more likely to be male (82% vs. 90%, p = 0.02), African-American (71% vs 89%, p < 0.0001), and injured due to assault (76.9% vs 44.6%, p < 0.0001). Mortality rates for children <14 was 1.4 times the national average (10.7% vs. 7.5%) while the rate for children >15 was 3.9 times the national average (12.4% vs. 3.2%). ConclusionFirearm injuries continue to be a prevalent public health concern greatly affecting African-American adolescent males. Prevention strategies and trauma related healthcare resource utilization should target this group in order to reduce the risk of injury and improve outcomes and case-fatality in our population.

PMD7 - The Stool Antigen Test For Detection of Helicobacter Pylori For Diagnose H.Pylori Infection And Assessment of Eradication Therapy

To investigate the diagnostic value (sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy) of non-invasive method of H. pylori (HP) stool antigen detection (rapid stool-test) at the primary diagnosis of HP infection, and in assessing the eradication therapy effectiveness. The study was conducted in 64 patients with gastroduodenal diseases, with complaints of epigastric pain and dyspeptic symptoms. The average age of patients was 42,8 ± 1,7, women - 38 (59.3%), men - 26 (40.7%). All patients underwent simultaneous determination of HP by histology and rapid-stool test and respiratory Helic-test (HT). Patients with the positive result according histological test was assigned eradication therapy. In 4 weeks after eradication patients were again tested for HP. For this purpose, the rapid-stool test and HT were conducted simultaneously. The rapid stool-test is the optimal non-invasive method of HP infection detection before and after the eradication therapy, as Its sensitivity - 83%, specificity - 82% and accuracy - 83%. HT results are: 72%, 66%, 70% respectively. In order to assess the significant differences in the two groups (stool-test and HT) we carried out correlation analysis by Pearson x2. x2= 0.046, which is less than the critical 3.841, hence the significance of differences in the two groups is absent. Correlation analysis showed that for the detection of HP diagnostic properties of rapid stool-test and HT quite high and quite comparable to each other (x2 = 0.046, p> 0.05). The effectiveness of the eradication assessed by the rapid stool-test was 81%, and by HT - 58% (x2 = 3.250, p> 0.05), which confirmed its high diagnostic value in monitoring the effectiveness of eradication therapy. Non-invasive and highly informative express stool-test of HP antigen detection with monoclonal antibodies allowed to substantiate its diagnostic value, and therefore, to implement it for the HP infection diagnosis and dynamic observation in outpatient.

Limited-information goodness-of-fit testing of diagnostic classification item response models.

Despite the growing popularity of diagnostic classification models (e.g., Rupp etal., 2010, Diagnostic measurement: theory, methods, and applications, Guilford Press, New York, NY) in educational and psychological measurement, methods for testing their absolute goodness of fit to real data remain relatively underdeveloped. For tests of reasonable length and for realistic sample size, full-information test statistics such as Pearson's X2 and the likelihood ratio statistic G2 suffer from sparseness in the underlying contingency table from which they are computed. Recently, limited-information fit statistics such as Maydeu-Olivares and Joe's (2006, Psychometrika, 71, 713) M2 have been found to be quite useful in testing the overall goodness of fit of item response theory models. In this study, we applied Maydeu-Olivares and Joe's (2006, Psychometrika, 71, 713) M2 statistic to diagnostic classification models. Through a series of simulation studies, we found that M2 is well calibrated across a wide range of diagnostic model structures and was sensitive to certain misspecifications of the item model (e.g., fitting disjunctive models to data generated according to a conjunctive model), errors in the Q-matrix (adding or omitting paths, omitting a latent variable), and violations of local item independence due to unmodelled testlet effects. On the other hand, M2 was largely insensitive to misspecifications in the distribution of higher-order latent dimensions and to the specification of an extraneous attribute. To complement the analyses of the overall model goodness of fit using M2 , we investigated the utility of the Chen and Thissen (1997, J. Educ. Behav. Stat., 22, 265) local dependence statistic XLD2 for characterizing sources of misfit, an important aspect of model appraisal often overlooked in favour of overall statements. The XLD2 statistic was found to be slightly conservative (with Type I error rates consistently below the nominal level) but still useful in pinpointing the sources of misfit. Patterns of local dependence arising due to specific model misspecifications are illustrated. Finally, we used the M2 and XLD2 statistics to evaluate a diagnostic model fit to data from the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study, drawing upon analyses previously conducted by Lee etal., (2011, IJT, 11, 144).

Preliminary clinical research with rib cartilages anomalies in patients with microtia

To investigate the characteristics and constituent ratio of rib cartilages anomalies in patients with microtia. We conducted a retrospective study of the clinical and imaging data of 230 consecutive patients with microtia from November 2014 to September 2015 in Plastic Surgery Hospital. Pearson x2 test and Spearman analysis were used to analyze the relationship between microtia and rib cartilages anomalies. A total of 75 cases (32.6％) were documented with rib cartilages anomalies, including 4 cases (1.7％) with numerical variations,16 cases (7.0％) with structural changes,63 cases (27.4％) with abnormal articulations and 8 cases with two types of anomalies. Abnormal attachment to the sternum of the eighth rib cartilages was observed frequently (18.7％),whereas 10 cases (4.7％) with the seventh rib cartilages failing to attach to the sternum. The constituent ratio of rib cartilages anomalies in microtia Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ was 11.5％ (3/26),32.8 ％ (58/177) and 51.9％ (14/27), respectively. The patients with microtia Ⅲ were observed to have a higher ratio of rib cartilages anomalies than those with microtia Ⅱ. Similarly, patients with microtia Ⅱ were found to have a higher ratio of rib cartilages anomalies than those with microtia Ⅱ (P =0.007). The constituent ratio of rib cartilages anomalies is high in patients with microtia. And the constituent ratio is varied with the grades of microtia. A higher ratio of costal cartilages anomalies is present in patients with a more serious grade of microtia.

Analysis of Rib Cartilages Anomalies in Patients With Microtia

The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics and incidence of rib cartilages anomalies in patients with microtia and to investigate the interaction between microtia and rib cartilages anomalies. A total of 214 consecutive patients received a preoperative 3-dimensional chest computed tomography. A retrospective study was performed with the clinical and imaging data from November 2014 to July 2015. Pearson X2 test and Spearman analysis were used to analyze the interaction between microtia and rib cartilages anomalies. With the 3-dimensional chest computed tomography images, a total of 62 patients (29.0%) were documented with rib cartilages anomalies including 4 patients (1.9%) with numerical variations, 13 patients (6.1%) with structural changes, and 51 patients (23.8%) with abnormal articulations. The incidence of rib anomalies (P = 0.035) varied with grades of microtia. The incidence of rib cartilages anomalies was high in patients with microtia. The authors observed a higher incidence of costal cartilages anomalies in patients with a more serious grade of microtia. Microtia with rib cartilages anomalies may involve a new syndrome previously undiscovered or just another extension with the very wide spectrum of microtia.

PD07-12 POST-THAW OUTCOMES OF RARE OR VERY LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF CRYOPRESERVED SPERM

You have accessJournal of UrologyInfertility: Therapy II1 Apr 2016PD07-12 POST-THAW OUTCOMES OF RARE OR VERY LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF CRYOPRESERVED SPERM Nikita Abhyankar, Martin Kathrins, Juergen Liebermann, Meike Uhler, Yoshitomo Kobori, Gail Prins, and Craig Niederberger Nikita AbhyankarNikita Abhyankar More articles by this author , Martin KathrinsMartin Kathrins More articles by this author , Juergen LiebermannJuergen Liebermann More articles by this author , Meike UhlerMeike Uhler More articles by this author , Yoshitomo KoboriYoshitomo Kobori More articles by this author , Gail PrinsGail Prins More articles by this author , and Craig NiederbergerCraig Niederberger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2815AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Our aim was to examine instances in which no sperm could be identified after thaw among cryopreserved samples of rare or very low counts of sperm. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of our institutional fertility clinic database from 2010 until 2015. We identified couples that underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with either ejaculated or testicular cryopreserved-thawed sperm. Inclusion criteria was limited to men with ejaculated cryptozoospermia and severe oligozoospermia (< 100,000 total sperm per specimen) or men with azoospermia due to spermatogenic defects who underwent microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) with similarly low pre-cryopreservation total sperm counts. Sperm were cryopreserved in 1 mL vials using liquid nitrogen. Pre-cryopreservation specimens were categorized as rare sperm only (Group 1) or less than 100,000 total sperm (Group 2). The primary outcome was the availability of any post-thaw sperm available for use at the time of ICSI. The relationship between successful post-thaw sperm retrieval and pre-cyropreservation parameters was examined using Chi-square statistical analysis for ordinal variables. RESULTS We identified 34 couples who met inclusion criteria and with sufficient follow-up data, encompassing 49 ICSI cycles (Table 1). There were three ICSI cycles (6.1% of all ICSI cycles) among three different couples in which no sperm were able to be identified post-thaw. All three instances (n=1 ejaculated source, n=2 testicular source) were noted to have pre-thaw parameters of rare sperm only (Group 1) (8.6% of ICSI cycles utilizing cryopreserved rare sperm only). Chi-square analysis of the ability to locate sperm post-thaw and pre-cryopreservation total sperm count revealed a significant association (Pearson X2=49.0, df=2, p=<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Failure to retrieve any sperm after thawing of rare or very low quantities of cryopreserved sperm is an infrequent event and limited to those patients with rare quantities of sperm prior to cryopreservation. Although this study is limited in size, the results may influence recommendation to have back-up donor sperm available or to consider use of fresh sperm in further mTESE procedures for future ICSI cycles among men with cryopreserved rare sperm. © 2016FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 195Issue 4SApril 2016Page: e227-e228 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016MetricsAuthor Information Nikita Abhyankar More articles by this author Martin Kathrins More articles by this author Juergen Liebermann More articles by this author Meike Uhler More articles by this author Yoshitomo Kobori More articles by this author Gail Prins More articles by this author Craig Niederberger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...