Objective To explore the effect of PDCA cycling on risk control in digestive endoscopy. Methods From February 2015 to February 2017, 751 patients requiring digestive endoscopy were selected in the gastroscopy room of the department of gastroscopy in the hospital. According to the different nursing patterns around April 2016, 373 cases were divided into the observation group and 378 cases were divided into the control group, and they were respectively given nursing and routine nursing based on PDCA model. The nursing quality score (score of basic nursing quality, score of specialized nursing quality, score of disinfection nursing quality, score of skilled operation nursing quality), the incidence of nursing defects(non-standard asepsis requirements, lack of cleaning strength, disorderly placement of instruments, and tedious inspection and waiting) and nursing satisfaction (very satisfied, more satisfied, generally satisfied, dissatisfied) were compared between the two groups. Results In terms of the quality of patients' care, the total score of the patients of the quality of basic care in the observation group was (96.21±4.25), the score of quality of specialist care was (93.27±3.52), the quality score of disinfection and isolation care was(98.23±3.72), the score of skill operation and nursing quality was(97.31±3.14). While the total score of the patients of the quality of basic care in the control group was (83.71±4.26), the score of quality of specialist care was(84.31±3.17), the quality score of disinfection and isolation care was(89.12±4.06), the score of skill operation and nursing quality was(80.52±4.24). The nursing group based on PDCA circulation mode had higher quality of care than the conventional nursing group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In terms of the incidence of patients' nursing defects, the nursing defect rate of sterile requirement of the observation group was 10.10%, the washout strength insufficient nursing defect rate was 13.70%, the instrument placement disorder incidence was 11.30%, the check wait complication rate was 10.00%. The nursing defect rate of sterile requirement of the control group was 19.00%, the washout strength insufficient nursing defect rate was 25.10%, the instrument placement disorder incidence was 21.40%, the check wait complication rate was 24.10%.Nursing defect rate of patients in the nursing group based on PDCA circulation mode was lower than that in the conventional nursing group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In terms of patients' satisfaction, the very satisfaction rate of the observation group was 32.40%, the comparative satisfaction rate was 37.80%, the satisfaction rate was 18.80%, the dissatisfaction rate was 11.00%. The very satisfaction rate of the control group was 19.80%, the comparative satisfaction rate was 18.30%, the satisfaction rate was 34.10%, the dissatisfaction rate was 28.60%.Compared with the conventional nursing group, the patients in the PDCA cycle group had better satisfaction, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion In terms of risk control of digestive endoscopy, nursing based on PDCA cycle mode can improve nursing quality, improve patients' satisfaction and reduce the incidence of complications, which is obviously superior to conventional nursing. Key words: Nursing based on PDCA circulation mode; Gastrointestinal endoscopy; Risk control