PbO ZnO Research Articles

Experimental evaluation of the impact of ZnO on the radiation shielding ability of B2O3–PbO–ZnO–CaO glass systems

In this study, we used the melt quenching process to develop inexpensive, new radiation shielding glasses. The prepared glasses have a general formula 40B2O3–20PbO-(y)ZnO-(40-y)CaO, (y = 20, 25, 30 and 35 mol%). These glasses' gamma-radiation shielding properties were experimentally measured using Am-241, Co-60, and Cs-137 sources and a High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector, revealing that incorporation of ZnO had a positive impact of the density of these glasses. Moreover, the incorporation of ZnO enhanced the prepared glasses' attenuation performance. With greater energy the half value layer increased, and by a factor of 45 with a 0.059–1.333 MeV energy increase. For the four studied glasses the radiation protection efficiency (RPE) values are 100 % efficient at low energies (0.059 MeV), with a drastic decrease in the values across all four samples as the energy increases from 0.06 to 0.662 MeV.

The role of ZnO in the radiation shielding performance of newly developed B2O3–PbO–ZnO–CaO glass systems

Glasses with varying compositions were prepared using the melt-quenching process within the 40B2O3–20PbO-xZnO-(40-x)CaO system, where x = 20, 25, 30 and 35 mol%. ZnO's influence on the prepared glasses' radiation shielding properties was studied in the 0.015–15 MeV energy range. The results demonstrated that ZnO has a significant shielding effect at low energies, where there is an increased in the linear attenuation coefficient from 279.96 to 319.17 cm−1 at 0.015 MeV due to the 20-to-35 mol% increase in ZnO. The values of the mean free path (MFP) for the prepared glasses are very small when the energy is less than 0.1 MeV, in the order of 0.013–0.015 cm at 0.03 MeV, 0.051–0.055 cm at 0.05 MeV and 3.051–3.248 cm at 1 MeV, which revealed an enhanced attenuation efficiency with increasing ZnO content. According to the MFP results, the Zn35Ca5 sample (which contains 35 mol% ZnO) offers the best shielding performance. The half value layer (HVL) was also evaluated, and we found that the HVL is in order of 1.5 cm at 0.6 MeV, and in order of 3 cm at 2 MeV, while at 15 MeV, the HVL is 4.30 cm for Zn20Ca20 and 3.74 cm for Zn35Ca5.

Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Modelling of the PbO-ZnO-FeO-FeO1.5-SiO2 system and its subsystems in equilibrium with air/metallic lead/iron

The phase equilibria of the ZnO-“FeO1..5”, ZnO-“FeO1.5”-SiO2, PbO–ZnO-“FeO1.5” and PbO–ZnO-“FeO1.5”-SiO2 slag systems in equilibrium with air or metallic lead/iron were studied as part of the investigation of the 19-component PbO–ZnO–Cu2O–FeO–Fe2O3–CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–S-(As, Sn, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, Ni, Cr, Co as minor elements) slag/matte/metal/speiss/gas system, supporting the operation/development of existing and emerging pyrometallurgical processes. In the experimental part of the study, samples underwent high temperature equilibration followed by quenching, and the direct measurement of the lead, zinc, iron and silicon concentrations in the liquid slag, solid oxide, and metal phases by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The a) massicot (PbO), b) spinel ((Zn, Fe)Fe2O4), c) zincite ((Zn,Fe)O1+x, 2 polymorphs), d) lead ferrite (Pb2+xFe2O5+x), e) plumboferrite (Pb4Fe22-xZnxO37), f) magnetoplumbite (Pb(Fe2O3,PbFeO2,PbZnO2)Fe10O16), and g) W-ferrite (PbZn2-xFe16+xO27) primary phase fields of the PbO–ZnO-“FeO1.5” system in equilibrium with air were studied between 780 and 1300 °C. The ZnO-“FeO1.5”, ZnO-“FeO1.5”-SiO2 and PbO–ZnO-“FeO1.5”-SiO2 systems in equilibrium with air were studied up to 1745 °C, significantly improving the availability of information on the composition range of the high- and low-Fe zincite ((Zn,Fe)O1+x) phases, and on the liquid slag composition at the boundaries of their primary phase fields. Lastly, the solubilities of iron in larsenite (Pb(Zn,Fe)SiO4) and melilite (Pb2(Zn,Fe)Si2O7) in equilibrium with air or metal were studied between 700 and 800 °C. The newly obtained and existing experimental data were used to develop a self-consistent set of thermodynamic parameters describing all phases in the system using the FactSage computer package.

Phase equilibria and thermodynamic modelling of the PbO–ZnO-“CuO0.5”-SiO2 system

The phase equilibria of the PbO–ZnO-“CuO0.5“- SiO2 system were studied as part of the investigation of the 19-component PbO–ZnO–Cu2O–FeO–Fe2O3–CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–S-(As, Sn, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, Ni, Cr, Co as minor elements) slag/matte/metal/speiss/gas system in support of the development and optimization of pyrometallurgical processes. In the experimental study, samples were equilibrated at high temperatures, then quenched, and the lead, zinc, copper and silicon concentration in the phases were directly measured by electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA). The cristobalite (SiO2) primary phase field of the PbO–SiO2 system was experimentally studied between 1575 and 1717 °C. The massicot (PbO), zincite ((Zn,Cu)O), cuprite (Cu2O), copper plumbite (Cu2PbO2) and Pb2SiO4 primary phase fields of the PbO-“CuO0.5”-SiO2, PbO–ZnO-“CuO0.5” and PbO–ZnO–SiO2 systems were studied between 664 and 1100 °C. The cuprite (Cu2O), willemite ((Zn,Cu)2SiO4), larsenite (PbZnSiO4) and melilite (Pb2ZnSi2O4) secondary phase fields of the PbO–ZnO-“CuO0.5”-SiO2 system in equilibrium with metal and tridymite/quartz (SiO2) or zincite ((Zn,Cu)O) were studied between 745 and 1100 °C. The zincite ((Zn,Cu)O), tenorite ((Cu,Zn)O) and willemite ((Zn,Cu)2SiO4) solid solutions in equilibrium with air or pure O2 at 1 atm were studied between 900 and 1100 °C. Using the FactSage thermodynamic calculation software, a self-consistent set of parameters based on the Modified Quasichemical Model (MQM) were developed to describe the newly obtained and existing experimental data.

Optical and luminescence properties of Sm2O3 doped SrO–PbO–ZnO–P2O5–TeO2 glasses for visible laser applications

The spectroscopic and structural characteristics of various concentrations of Sm2O3 doped strontium lead zinc phospho-tellurite glasses with molar composition x% Sm2O3 + 5SrO + (15-x) PbO + 20 ZnO + 50 P2O5 + 10 TeO2 (where x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 mol%) have been reported here. The XRD and FTIR measurements are performed to explore the structural characteristics of the glasses. The absorption spectra reveal that the bands at 400 nm and 1220 nm are highly intense in comparison to others. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωλ (λ = 2, 4, 6) have been evaluated from the absorption and thereby the radiative and lasing parameters are estimated. The most intense excitation band around 400 nm is opted as the excitation wavelength to study luminescence properties. Luminescence spectra exhibit the most intense emission band at 598 nm pertaining to 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 transition which is responsible for reddish-orange colour origination. We have measured the experimental lifetime of the 4G5/2 excited state by the suitable fittings of the decay curves. Luminescence concentration quenching (x> 0.75%) and the reduction of decay lifetimes have been observed owing to enhancement of non-radiative energy losses through the cross-relaxation channels. The higher values of quantum efficiency and stimulated emission cross-section promote the lasing action of the present glasses. The location of CIE chromaticity coordinates recommends that these glasses could be utilized as reddish-orange color emitting laser materials.

Nuclear shielding characteristics of Sm3+ doped borosilicate glasses containing Na2O, PbO and ZnO

The aim of this paper is to investigate the photon, charged particles, fast and thermal neutrons absorption characteristics and dose rates of Sm3+ doped borosilicate glasses containing Na2O–PbO–ZnO via theoretical method and simulation code. The linear attenuation coefficients of SBNPZS4 glasses are the highest whereas the mass attenuation coefficients of SBNPZS1 glasses are the highest in the present SBNPZS glasses. The SBNPZS4 has the lowest half value layer and mean free path values among the SBNPZS glasses and compared standard shielding materials therefore SBNPZS4 has the better photon absorption characteristics. The effective atomic number, effective electron density, mass energy-absorption coefficient, specific gamma ray constant, and gamma dose rate values change as SBNPZS4<SBNPZS3<SBNPZS2<SBNPZS1. The ranges of SBNPZS glasses for charged particles modify as SBNPZS4<SBNPZS3<SBNPZS2<SBNPZS1. Both fast neutron removal cross section and total cross section for thermal neutron vary in order of SBNPZS1<SBNPZS2<SBNPZS3<SBNPZS4 hence SBNPZS4 owns the highest fast and thermal neutron absorption characteristics. Consequently, SBNPZS glasses can be suggested and developed as photons, neutrons and charged particles shielding materials.

Thermophysical Properties of Glass-Ceramic Coatings of PbO–ZnO–B$_2$O$_3$ System Doped with Al$_2$O$_3$, SiO$_2$, and BaO Oxides

Thermophysical Properties of Glass-Ceramic Coatings of PbO–ZnO–B$_2$O$_3$ System Doped with Al$_2$O$_3$, SiO$_2$, and BaO Oxides

Thermodynamics of Compounds Based on Lead(II) and Zinc(II) Oxides in Gas Phase

The Knudsen effusion method with mass-spectral analysis of the gas phase has been used to study the vaporization processes in the PbO–ZnO system in the temperature range of 1010–1120 K. It has been found that the saturated vapor above the system consists of lead monooxide molecules, its associates, lead atoms, oxygen molecules, and mixed oxides PbZnO2, Pb2ZnO3, PbZn2O3, Pb2Zn2O4, and Pb3ZnO4. The molar composition of the saturated vapor has been determined and the partial pressures of all components of the gas phase have been obtained at 1110 K. The experimental data made it possible to calculate a number of standard enthalpies of heterophase reactions and standard enthalpies of formation of mixed oxides using the second law of thermodynamics: $${{\Delta }_{f}}H_{{{\text{298}}}}^{^\circ }$$ (PbZnO2) = –290.4 ± 6.6 kJ/mol, $${{\Delta }_{f}}H_{{{\text{298}}}}^{^\circ }$$ (Pb2ZnO3) = –488.2 ± 21.5 kJ/mol, $${{\Delta }_{f}}H_{{{\text{298}}}}^{^\circ }$$ (PbZn2O3) = –628.4 ± 11.9 kJ/mol, $${{\Delta }_{f}}H_{{{\text{298}}}}^{^\circ }$$ (Pb2Zn2O4) = –883.2 ± 15.1 kJ/mol, and $${{\Delta }_{f}}H_{{{\text{298}}}}^{^\circ }$$ (Pb3ZnO4) = –697.1 ± 31.6 kJ/mol.

Spectral studies of highly Dy3+ doped PbO–ZnO–B2O3–P2O5 glasses

Phosphate glasses having composition 50P2O5–10B2O3–20ZnO–20PbO–xDy2O3 where x = 0.04, 0.18, 0.36, 1.10, 1.80, and 3.60 mol% were prepared by melt quenching technique. The FTIR spectra reveal the different structural groups of the phosphate glass induced by modifiers such as lead oxide and zinc oxide, which could be explained in terms of the distortion of PO4 tetrahedra and the network depolymerization process. The photoluminescence spectrum shows three prominent emission bands centered at 475, 586, and 675 nm corresponds to the 4F9/2 → 6HJ (J = 11/2, 13/2, 15/2) transitions, respectively, and the intensity ratio of yellow to blue emissions are enhanced as the concentration of Dy3+ ions increased up to 3.60 mol%. The 4F9/2 excited state's lifetime decreases by continuously increasing the amount of the trivalent lanthanide ion due to probable energy transfer between neighboring ions. The chromaticity diagram is studied as the rare-earth ion concentration, which gives the nearest condition to the white color at 0.36 mol% of the Dy3+ ions.

Experimental study and thermodynamic optimization of the ZnO–FeO–Fe2O3–CaO–SiO2 system

Liquidus phase equilibrium experimental data from the present study for the ZnO-“Fe2O3”-CaO-SiO2 system in air, combined with phase equilibria and thermodynamic data from the literature on the ZnO-“Fe2O3”-CaO system in air and ZnO-“FeO”-CaO-SiO2 system in equilibrium with metallic Fe, have been used to obtain a self-consistent set of parameters of the thermodynamic models for all phases in the ZnO–FeO–Fe2O3–CaO–SiO2 system. The modified quasichemical model is used for the liquid slag phase; spinel (Fe,Zn,Ca)tetr (Fe,Zn,Ca,Va)oct2O4, melilite Ca2(Fe2+,Fe3+,Zn)(Fe3+,Si)2O7 and olivine (Fe,Zn,Ca)I(Fe,Zn,Ca)IISiO4 are described with compound energy formalism; lime and wustite (monoxide) (Ca,Fe,Zn)O, zincite (Zn,Fe,Ca)O1+x, calcium-zinc ferrites Ca2Fe2O5-“CaZnO2” and CaFe4O7-“ZnFe4O7”, α- and α′-dicalcium silicate (Ca,Fe,Zn)2SiO4 and tricalcium silicate (Ca,Fe,Zn)3SiO5 and silicoferrite of calcium (SFC) Ca9Fe46SiO80–Ca12Fe40Si4O80 are described within Bragg-Williams formalism; for other phases, previous assessments have been adopted. The phase diagrams are back calculated with the optimized model parameters. Present study is a part of research program on the characterization of the multicomponent PbO–ZnO–FeO–Fe2O3-“Cu2O”-CaO-SiO2 system.

Thermodynamic optimization of the binary CaO–ZnO and ternary CaO–ZnO–SiO2 systems

Liquidus phase equilibrium data of the present authors for the CaO–ZnO–SiO2 system (as a part of research program on the characterization of the multicomponent PbO–ZnO–FeO–Fe2O3-“Cu2O”-CaO-SiO2 system), combined with phase equilibrium and thermodynamic data from the literature, have been used to obtain a self-consistent set of parameters of the thermodynamic models for all phases. The modified quasichemical model is used for the liquid slag phase; lime (Ca,Zn)O, zincite (Zn,Ca)O, α- and α′-dicalcium silicate (Ca,Zn)2SiO4 and tricalcium silicate (Ca,Zn)3SiO5 are described within Bragg-Williams formalism; tridymite, cristobalite SiO2, wollastonite, pseudowollastonite CaSiO3, rankinite Ca3Si2O7, willemite Zn2SiO4, melilite (hardystonite) Ca2ZnSi2O7 and Ca–Zn feldspar CaZnSi3O8 are treated as stoichiometric compounds. From these model parameters, the optimized ternary phase diagram is back calculated.

Orange color emitting Sm3+ ions doped borosilicate glasses for optoelectronic device applications

An intense orange color emitting Sm3+ activated Li2O–PbO–ZnO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2 (LPZABS) glasses were propitiously fabricated by using sudden quenching method to study the luminescent potentiality using spectroscopic techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and PL decay. XRD and FT-IR reveals the glassy nature and various functional groups present in LPZABS host glass respectively. Judd-Ofelt parameters derived from absorption spectra are used to estimate various radiative parameters for the excited states of Sm3+ ions in LPZABS glasses. Under 400 nm excitation, the luminescence spectra in the as prepared glasses exhibit three emission bands that corresponds to 4G5/2 → 6H5/2 (562 nm), 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 (598 nm) and 4G5/2 → 6H9/2 (645 nm) transitions of Sm3+ ions. Among these three, 4G5/2 → 6H9/2 transition observed in orange region (598 nm) is relatively more intense and prominent. The PL decay curves recorded for 4G5/2 fluorescent level reveal exponential behavior and single exponential fitting is applied to evaluate the experimental lifetimes (τexp). The τexp values are found to be decreasing with Sm3+ ion content due to cross-relaxation energy transfer process. The results reveal that the as prepared glasses can be effectively used in fabricating intense visible orange color emitting optoelectronic devices.

Novel vanadyl lead-phosphate glasses: P2O5–PbO–ZnO[sbnd]Na2O–V2O5: Synthesis, optical, physical and gamma photon attenuation properties

A novel glass of Vanadyl lead-phosphate with the chemical formula P2O5–(40-x) PbO–ZnONa2O–xV2O5 where x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.5, and 2 wt% have been synthesized using melt-quenching method. The amorphous nature of the prepared glasses was examined via XRD spectra. UV–vis spectra were recorded in the range of 190–1100 nm wavelength. The optical energy band gaps and refractive index via Tauc's model, absorbance spectrum fitting (ASF), and the first derivation of the absorption spectrum fitting (DASF) have been determined for all glasses. Gamma-photons shielding capability of the fabricated glasses have been evaluated using MCNP-5 code. Furthermore, different shielding factors were calculated. The geometric progress fitting parameters, exposure and energy absorption buildup factors were also computed using newly created program Phys-X/PSD. The results show that energy gaps for all glasses were close together, but the index of refraction was high. In addition, the shielding properties of the fabricated glasses decreases with increase the vanadium pentoxide content in the fabricated samples. The glasses without vanadium pentoxide had the best shielding capacity among the synthesized vanadyl lead-phosphate glasses. The buildup factors were observed to decrease with increase the vanadium pentoxide. Comparison of the synthesized glasses with standard references material and previously synthesized glasses showed that the Vanadyl lead phosphate glasses can be used as a radiation shielding material.

Ultra-low thermal expansion coefficient of PZB/β-eucryptite composite glass for MEMS packaging

PbO–ZnO–B2O3 (PZB) glass with low-melting temperature has been widely applied in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) packaging. However, the high thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of PZB glass usually leads to strict packaging requirements. Here, in order to achieve ideal TEC, we have introduced β-eucryptite into PZB/β-eucryptite composite glass and optimized the composite fabrication process. Firstly, PbO:ZnO:B2O3 in mol ratio of 65:15:20 was selected as glass matrix owing to its low-melting temperature and good wettability. Then, β-eucryptite ceramics with ultra-low TEC were synthesized via a facile solid-state reaction method to optimize subsequent composite TEC value. The combination of corresponding material and device characterizations suggest that the pure phase and regular columnar grains of β-eucryptite ceramic can be obtained by sintering at 1450 °C for three hours, which can result in the lowest negative TEC of α30-300°C = −10.74 × 10−6 K−1. Furthermore, regarding the PZB/β-eucryptite composite glasses, systematic experiments demonstrated that the β-eucryptite introduction can greatly impact the TEC of matrix glass with only negligible effect on the softening point (Ts). Importantly, composite glasses with TEC of α30-300°C = 3.26 × 10−6 K−1, Ts = 380 °C and wetting angle < 30° are ideal for MEMS packaging. This work implements optimized fabrication process to obtain low-melting PZB/β-eucryptite composite glasses with ideal TEC values, which can be envisaged to be applied in advanced MEMS packaging applications.

Effect of the melting conditions on the properties of glasses in the system PbO–ZnO–B2O3–SiO2

Effect of the melting conditions on the properties of glasses in the system PbO–ZnO–B2O3–SiO2

Fluorescence features of Tm3+-doped multicomponent borosilicate and borotellurite glasses for blue laser and S-band optical amplifier applications

Novel B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3–ZnO–Li2O/MgO and B2O3–TeO2–PbO–ZnO–Li2O–Na2O glasses with different concentrations of Tm2O3 were synthesized by using the melt-quench method. All the fabricated samples have been characterized by visible emission spectra and decay times, including near-infrared (NIR) luminescence measurements. For 0.5 mol% Tm3+-doped borotellurite glass, several radiative parameters are evaluated using the Judd-Ofelt parameters. The intensity of all the visible emission bands increased with the increase of Tm2O3 concentration up to 0.5 mol%, and beyond this doping content, luminescence concentration quenching takes place. The luminescence intensity quenching is attributed to energy transfer (ET) processes through cross-relaxation (CR) channels. The visible luminescence decay curves were well fit with a single exponential (for Tm3+: 1D2 level) and double exponential (for Tm3+: 1G4 level) functions for the multicomponent borosilicate samples, while Inokuti-Hirayama model was used for the multicomponent borotellurite glass 1D2 level decay time fit. The derived decay lifetimes of the 1D2 level are found to be much shorter than that of the 1G4 level. In Li2O (alkali) or MgO (alkaline) containing borosilicate samples, pumped under 808 nm laser diode, the 3H4→3F4 (1.458 μm) emission intensity increased from 0.1 to 2.0 mol% Tm3+ ion concentration, indicating negligible CR processes. The computed Full-Width at Half-Maximum (FWHM) values for the 1458 nm emission in 2.0 mol% Tm3+-doped Li and Mg series borosilicate samples are 117 and 125 nm, respectively, while the FWHM value for 0.5 mol% Tm2O3 content doped borotellurite glass is 118 nm. Following the analyzed visible and NIR optical results, the fabricated Tm3+ glasses could be useful for blue laser and S-band optical amplifier applications.

X-ray photons attenuation characteristics for two tellurite based glass systems at dental diagnostic energies

X-ray photons attenuation characteristics for the two tellarite based glasses Bi2O3– B2O3– TeO2– TiO2 and PbO–ZnO–TeO2–B2O3 have been investigated at dental diagnostic energies (between 30-80 keV) using Geant4 code and WinXcom software. The correlation coefficient (R2) is utilized to evaluate the extent to which Geant4 results are related to the WinXcom data. For the both series, R2 is close to 1 for all samples and this implies a perfect degree of association between the Geant4 and WinXcom data. The linear attenuation coefficient is proportionally increased with addition of TeO2 in both series, which implies that there is a decreasing tendency in the X-ray photon transmission corresponding with an increase in the TeO2 content in the glasses. The half value layer (HVL) decreases as the density increases and this decreasing is very notable at 70 and 80 keV. The maximum HVL for all samples occurs at 80 keV and this implies that the HVL gradually increases as the energy of the X-ray photons increase. Also, the increment of TO2 in the glasses (in both systems) leads to reduce the mean free path and BiTeTi6 and PbTeB6 samples have the lowest MFP. The MFP for both systems was compared with three heavy concretes and the comparison revealed that the selected systems can be utilized to fabricate protection masks used during diagnostic radiation of the head or oral cavity.

Raman spectra and optical band gap in some PbO-ZnO-TeO2 glasses

The glasses PbO–ZnO–TeO2 were prepared with a classic melting method. The substitution of ZnO by PbO results in an increase in the density from 5.83 to 6.52 g/cm3 and in the refractive index from 2.19 to 2.25. In addition, the optical band gap and the glass-transition temperature decrease from 3.79 to 3.5 eV and from 314 to 281 °C, respectively. The estimated values of the non-linear refractive index from the optical band gap are comparable with the values typical for TeO2 based glasses. The Raman spectra indicate that the substitution of ZnO with PbO leads to a decrease in the density of Te–O–Te linkages while increasing both the density of Pb–O–Te linkages and also the number of non-bridging oxygen.

The structural arrangement and the optical band gap in certain Quaternary PbO–ZnO–TeO2–B2O3 glasses

Eight PbO–ZnO–TeO2–B2O3 glasses were prepared with a standard melting method from pure oxides. The substitution of TeO2 by B2O3 leads to an increase in the glass-transition temperature from 292 to 457 °C and to an increase in the optical band gap from 3.66 eV to 4.03 eV. The values of the non-linear refractive index were estimated at around 6 × 10−12 esu. Raman scattering spectra suggest a transformation in TeO2 and B2O3 based part of the glasses network.

Structural, optical and physical analysis of B2O3–SiO2–Na2O–PbO–ZnO glass with Sm3+ ions for reddish–orange laser emission

Borosilicate glasses with composition (50-x) B2O3 – (10+x) SiO2 – 10 Na2O – 20PbO – 10 ZnO – 0.3 Sm2O3 (where x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40) doped with Sm3+ ions were prepared by standard method. Present works deals with structural, physical and spectral studies of borosilicate glasses. EDAX has been used to establish the elemental composition of these materials. XRD confirms the amorphous nature of the glass materials and also confirmed by the SEM image. Structural information via vibrational modes was provided by FTIR spectra. The increasing and decreasing concentration of SiO2 affects the physical and optical properties of the materials. Among the entire physical and optical properties oxygen packing density (OPD) play important role in defining the structure of the glass samples. For present glass sample OPD decreases with increasing concentration of SiO2, this shows that the structure of glass samples is loosely packed. TEM images give information about smooth surface of the glass material. Absorption spectra have been recorded in the range 400–2500nm and fluorescence spectra have been recorded in visible region at room temperature. With their spectral measurements various spectroscopic parameters have been computed. The value of spectroscopic quality factor is greater than one for present glass samples which shows the stability of the glass samples. The 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 transition is suitable for reddish–orange laser emission. CIE chromaticity diagram has been recorded for verifying the results of fluorescence.