Participants In Dialogue Research Articles

Direito à alimentação adequada e a medida provisória 870/2019: um estudo à luz da constitucionalidade

RESUMO:O presente estudo pretende refletir sobre a efetividade do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada no Estado Democrático de Direito à luz da teoria de justiça enquanto desenvolvimento das capacidades humanas, e a constitucionalidade da Medida Provisória (MP) n. 870, editada em 01 de janeiro de 2019, que revogou as disposições da Lei n. 11.346/06 referentes às atribuições e composição do Conselho de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (CONSEA), órgão de diálogo e participação social, que compõe um dos pilares do Sistema de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SISAN). A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na abordagem qualitativa a partir da revisão crítica da literatura. A reorganização administrativa do novo governo por medida provisória é legítima, porém a extinção do órgão implicaria na inviabilidade do Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional ao não transferir a outro ente suas competências, violando a dimensão organizativa dos Direitos Fundamentais. No cenário de fortes desigualdades, em um ambiente de baixa participação social, as ameaças poderiam desconstruir a ideia de Justiça a partir da lógica do bem-estar social, afetando a concretização do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada.

Abstract 14820: Hypertensive Patients’ Perceptions of the Food Environment

Introduction: Poor food environment and disproportionate food insecurity among African Americans represent determinants of chronic disease disparities by race/ethnicity. The presence of a supermarket could lead to a 32 percent increase in fruit and vegetable consumption among AAs, yet a complex set of barriers may make it difficult to participate in healthy nutrition. We examined the food environment in Baltimore, MD, through the perspectives of African Americans with hypertension. Methods: Photovoice is a community-based participatory research tool that uses photography to engage participants in reflection and dialogue regarding their community's strengths, needs, and capacity for social change. We recruited 24 residents of Baltimore who met initial demographic—age (21 years or older), race (African American), and clinical criteria (hypertension) for the Five Plus Nuts and Beans for Kidneys study—a randomized control trial of a dietary intervention, but were ultimately found ineligible. After photography training, participants responded to “Photograph everything related to food in your neighborhood” and discussed their images over 4 sessions. Audiotaped conversations were analyzed for common themes. Results: Through this formative, community-engaged process, residents deemed the food environment reflective of the race of the neighborhood’s occupants with low-income Blacks consistently situated at the disadvantaged end. Participants expressed the lack of access to food—a resource that they deemed should be accessible to all—as a catalyst of crime, a point of racial injustice, and a stumbling block in improving their health. Residents identified both individual- and system-level barriers and facilitators to eating healthy foods. Conclusions: Engaging community voices and taking stock of the nuances of the food environment, including its construction and subsequent impact on residents’ outcomes, may inform clinical practice and health policy. Photos will be exhibited and used during a moderated conversation on the food environment among multiple stakeholders in Baltimore, including viable solutions to the “food desert” conditions and opportunities to address racial disparities in chronic disease.

Conservation of Brazilian freshwater biodiversity: Thinking about the next 10 years and beyond

In 2021 the countries of the world will discuss a framework under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) for a new environmental agenda for the next 10 years (“post-2020”). Parties should consider Brazil to be a central nation in these discussions. The country holds a large freshwater biodiversity that needs to be conserved, but current policies imperil species and ecosystems. Here we present topics to guide other CBD parties in discussing with Brazil a better agenda to conserve freshwater biodiversity post-2020. These initiatives include: (1) a national plan to reduce threats, (2) restoration of freshwater ecosystems, (3) protected areas, (4) more investment in research, and (5) science communication. Brazil’s participation in these CBD negotiations is fundamental for a new agreement, but the country is under a presidential administration with little concern for the environment. While our suggestions are intended for participants in the CBD negotiations, they will also be relevant to other international actors in the coming years. Nations, international investors, private companies and NGOs around the world must therefore use their influence to press the current administration to protect the country’s environment, including its enormous freshwater biodiversity.

Formation of a Multi-level Model of World Culture as a Response to the Challenges of Globalization

The relevance of the article is due to the theoretical and practical need to rethink the content of the concept of “culture” in the context of the formation of world culture. The authors turn to comparative philosophical studies: concepts, categories, approaches and methods from social philosophy, philosophical anthropology, cross-cultural management, sociology, theory and practice of intercultural communication are used. The key conclusion is the provision that the structuralsystem analysis of culture allows us to represent it as a multi-tiered system, each level of which is interconnected with other levels. Cultural diversity can be thought of as the degree to which there are differences within and between individuals, based on both subjective and objective cultural components. The article substantiates the position that the formation of meanings and meanings common for different peoples and cultures as the upper tier of world culture will contribute to the more effective achievement of mutual understanding by participants in intercultural dialogue by minimizing the degree of influence of cross-cultural barriers.

Disasters and Cultural Heritage: planning for prevention, emergency management and risk reduction

The need to investigate the topic of risk management of cultural heritage and to work on the regulatory framework relating to its protection and enhancement become even more urgent in light of the recent seismic events that hit the Italian territory. The current emergency planning methods against natural or human-induced hazards have proven to be deficient. Reflecting on the way we normally conceive the cultural assets, the question is not only how to protect our heritage, but how to shift our perception to conceive it as a positive asset, and not only a responsibility. Cultural heritage is not only a document of the identity of a community and a territory, but it can also be the keystone for reconstruction and building resilience to disasters. Starting from this awareness, this paper introduces a methodology for the analysis heritage sites aiming at proposing risk reduction strategies that consider the participatory dialogue between different professional figures. The approach is based on the consolidated methodological framework identified by UNESCO, ICCROM and ICOMOS. The study entails a preliminary evaluation of the most hazardous events, threats and risks that can impact on the heritage values. By considering a worst-case scenario, the procedure allows for modelling and stressing the post-event resilience of the site or cultural asset under consideration. The results of the investigation highlight the potential of this procedure in practical terms. In fact, its adaptability to different scales and contexts responds to the common need of a rapid, integrated methodology for risk assessment. Finally, the paper discusses the current prevention policies involving cultural heritage, focusing on the need to balance conservation and active protection issues to those of safety.

New research on Aegean & Pontic transport amphorae of the ninth to first century BC, 2010–2020

Research on transport amphorae in the Aegean and the Black Sea regions during the past decade has progressed significantly, both accumulating, synthesizing and interpreting new and old data, and increasing attention given to previously neglected areas and periods. Much work has been done on identifying places of production, defining typological development and refining chronologies. Greece and Turkey are achieving greater prominence in the field, as is attention to the Early Iron Age. Old debates – such as on the purposes and the meanings of amphora stamps – have been reignited with new ideas and the roles of transport amphorae in socio-economic systems continue to draw attention. Another emerging trend is the effort to consider amphorae in the longue durée. As material grows and the field becomes more cosmopolitan, amphora studies increasingly face the challenge of aggregating and synthesizing data in a way that can encourage participation in the broader dialogues of economic historians.

On the Paradoxes of Teaching Digital Anthropology Online: Reflexive Pedagogy and the Challenges of Involuntary Online Learning

The paper examines the heightened role of reflexive pedagogy and the challenges of participation that came as a result of the sudden transition of conventional higher education into an exclusively online modality during the 2020 covid-19 pandemic. Drawing on the cultural and educational context of Greece, the paper focuses on the case study of an undergraduate course in Digital Anthropology at Panteion University and details the challenges that were met creatively by the students and the instructor. To that end it employs an ethnographic study of the classroom, and discusses students’ testimonies from the weekly online evaluation that was performed during the spring term 2020 along several axes of participation which include: participation in numbers; participation in active dialogue; participation in (collaborative) coursework using multimedia format; participation in ongoing evaluation; silent and invisible participation. The analysis is contextualized in the unprecedented social and educational conditions of the pandemic and its repercussions on the shifting roles and performances of students and instructors.

Procedural features of the consideration of disputes related to social partnership relations

Based on the analysis of labor legislation and the civil procedure legislation of Russia, the article examines disputes related to social partnership relations. By the beginning of the 2020s, trade unions, as key participants in social dialogue, are unable to cope with their main task - to protect the rights and interests of workers. What are the procedural features of disputes over the protection of an indefinite number of persons by trade unions? This and other questions can be answered in the presented study.

Human papillomavirus vaccination practices and perceptions among Ghanaian Healthcare Providers: A qualitative study based on multi-theory model.

Healthcare providers' (HCPs) recommendations for the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine are likely to increase the vaccination uptake. However, little is known about Ghanaian HCPs' general practices regarding HPV vaccination. We used Multi-Theory Model (MTM) constructs (i.e. participatory dialogue, behavioral confidence, environment, social and emotional transformation) to examine Ghanaian HCPs' attitudes towards HPV vaccination and their vaccination recommendation practices. We conducted three, 60-minute focus group discussions (FGDs) with HCP in the second-largest government hospital in Ghana. Sixteen semi-structured open-ended questions based on MTM constructs were used to guide the FGDs. We explored HCPs' general knowledge about HPV, vaccination recommendation behavior, physical environment, and socio-cultural factors associated with the HPV vaccination. Data from the FGDs were transcribed and thematically coded using NVivo software. The sample of (n = 29) HCPs consisting of males (n = 15) and females (n = 14) between the ages of 29 and 42 years participated in the FGDs. Our analyses showed that HCPs (a) rarely offered HPV vaccination recommendations, (b) showed varied understanding about who should be vaccinated regarding age eligibility, gender, and infection status. Perceived barriers to HPV vaccination include (a) low urgency for vaccination education due to competing priorities such as malaria and HIV/AIDS; (b) lack of data on HPV vaccination; (c) lack of awareness about the vaccine safety and efficacy; (c) lack of HPV vaccine accessibility and (d) stigma, misconceptions and religious objections. HCPs expressed that their motivation for counseling their clients about HPV vaccination would be increased by having more knowledge about the vaccine's efficacy and safety, and the involvement of the parents, chiefs, churches, and opinion leaders in the vaccination programs. The study's findings underscore the need for a comprehensive HPV vaccination education for HCPs in Ghana. Future HPV vaccination education programs should include information about the efficacy of the vaccine and effective vaccination messages to help mitigate HPV vaccine-related stigma.

Benedict XVI’s Participation in the Ecumenical Dialogue with the Orthodox Church

The author of this article presents the involvement of Benedict XVI in the ecumenical dialogue with the Eastern Orthodox Church as a whole based on speeches, declarations and homilies delivered to representatives of this Church. Undoubtedly, it is significant. As a pope, he encouraged this dialogue by his authority, fraternal treatment filled with friendship and love, meetings, communal prayer and teaching. He overcame various difficulties and contributing to the progress of this dialogue. He emphasized joint theological research, because without the unity of faith there is no complete and visible unity. As always – as the theologian and as the Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith – he taught that common celebration of the Eucharist could take place only in full unity: when will it happen? It is God’s gift for which we have to pray and work at the same time: to evangelize together, to resist ideologies hostile to Christianity and humanity, to care for peace and justice among Christians and followers of other religions, and to cooperate in charitable work for the poor, the sick and the needy.

Learning the lessons of Climategate: A cosmopolitan moment in the public life of climate science

AbstractA decade after Climategate, climate change may be established as a social fact, yet the after‐effects live on. This Advanced Review assesses the impact of Climategate on public talk about climate change in the last decade. Reviewing academic articles, blogs, reports, books, and media articles, we identify three norms that set the foundations for Climategate to be seen as a scandal: (a) using scientific consensus to justify climate policy; (b) that openness is fundamental to validating scientific knowledge; (c) that the public was conceived as passive recipients of scientific knowledge rather than participants in dialogue. We then review developments since Climategate, that have seen some groups attempting to shore up these norms, while others have seen an opportunity to change the boundaries of public engagement around climate science. We describe this as a cosmopolitan moment in the public life of science: an opportunity to forge a public culture comfortable with the epistemic diversity and ambiguity inherent to climate change, and yet a culture that can also reason together in the public good. Finally, we assess the implications of Climategate's mixed legacy on contemporary climate change debates, emphasizing that cosmopolitan knowledge provides a means to craft effective, open, and fruitful approaches to public engagement around climate change.This article is categorized under: Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Sociology/Anthropology of Climate Knowledge

Propelling Children’s Empathy and Friendship

Schools play a crucial role in creating supportive and safe environments, and positive feelings are key in fostering such environments. Schools as Learning Communities, based on the dialogic participation of the whole community, are improving social cohesion. However, the underlying processes leading to such transformations remain underexplored. This article suggests that successful educational actions (SEAs) implemented in a school as a learning community, analyzed in this case study, promote positive feelings such as friendship and empathy, contributing to a safe and supportive environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze how SEAs generate friendship and empathy and their impact in the environment in a school as a learning community in Spain. To that end, the methods used were interviews with 18 students and 10 teachers, and reviews of two documentary films featuring the school. Results suggest that SEAs generate friendship and empathy among many children by promoting mutual support and sharing narratives in such dialogic settings. In addition, developing friendship and empathy contributes to reducing violent behaviors and promoting more inclusive attitudes among many students. This study concludes by providing insights on how SEAs can contribute to safe and supportive environments through fostering friendship and empathy.

What's the point of European Sectoral Social Dialogue? Effectiveness and polycontexturality in the hospital and metal sectors

AbstractDrawing on pragmatism and systems theory, this article analyses how participants in the European Sectoral Social Dialogue in the metal and hospital committees understand its effectiveness. We find that the participants have a broad understanding of effectiveness compared with the European Commission and existing research. Participants do not dismiss the importance of direct effects on working conditions in member states but downplay it in comparison with indirect effects from, and effectiveness in, European Sectoral Social Dialogue. That is, horizontal learning, knowledge sharing and pragmatic bottom‐up work to reach consensus are emphasised as more prominent than top‐down regulatory effectiveness.

Oi! Sjå på den! – Funn av naturelement som utgangspunkt for utforskande naturfaglege samtalar mellom barn (5-6 år) og pedagogar

The study examines what characterizes situations that facilitate young children´s participation in exploratory scientific dialogues in outdoor education. By using action cameras mounted to the chest of three children (5-6 years) and two pedagogues during an outdoor session, recordings of 106 scientific dialogues are identified and analyzed in terms of categories describing the communicative project (the purpose) of the dialogues. These categories are: exploring, informing/presenting, and calling for attention. Children´s findings of nature elements initiated 60% of the scientific dialogues between children and pedagogues. Children´s utterances as “Look at this!” are often starting points for these dialogues. It is showed how pedagogues can extend the dialogue by using follow-up questions and encouraging children in applying their senses when exploring their findings. The study also indicates that visiting an area that offers rich possibilities of experiences and findings of nature elements, could enhance the children´s participation in exploratory scientific dialogues.

Local and global environmental education: public policies and participation in Fernando de Noronha

This article seeks to analyse factors that may foster, hinder or increase environmental social participation and environmental education (EE) on the Island of Fernando de Noronha - Pernambuco / Brazil. The role of public policies in fostering a culture of democratic procedures aimed for building sustainable societies is another aim in this study. The relationships between research and experimentation in EE are the basis for this analysis. A survey provided a better understanding of the local reality and offered opportunities for the dialogues maturation focused on the definition of principles and initiatives that can contribute to the cycle of public policies formulation and implementation for EE. This was a qualitative research-intervention carried out with a conservationist institution, which operates in the field of EE. It dialogues with ethnographic research in the field of education and used as techniques of data collection: analysis of official documents, participant observation, music and semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the fieldwork were enhanced by other experiences of the Laboratory of Education and Environmental Policy (Oca) of the University of São Paulo and showed the need for public policies able to provide a permanent, continuous and articulated EE with the population of each territorial group. It also indicates some possible ways for that betting on the centrality of dialogical participation which articulates initiatives through an interinstitutional pedagogical political project.

Free prior and informed consent in the Green Climate Fund: the implementation of a project in the Datém del Marañón, Peru

In the context of implementation of climate change adaptation and resilience projects, Indigenous communities’ right to Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) is becoming a mandatory requirement. The present paper, after giving an overview of the requirement of FPIC in international law, addresses the issue of a climate resilience project financed by the Green Climate Fund (GCF) in Peru. Such project is being implemented in Indigenous territories in the Datém del Marañon region. At the time of approval by the GCF Board, the proposed project raised protests from Indigenous communities as they claimed they were not properly consulted before the disbursement of funding. This episode evidenced how the GCF needed to adopt an ad hoc policy to engage with Indigenous peoples respecting the FPIC requirement as prescribed by international law. The present paper demonstrates that the Indigenous Peoples Policy, adopted in February 2018 by the GCF, is an example of harmonization with international law requirements for FPIC such as those prescribed by the United Nations Declaration on Indigenous Peoples Rights. Finally, the paper aims at evidencing the challenge represented by the excessive state-centred structure of the GCF, which needs to be overcome to facilitate a true participatory dialogue with Indigenous peoples.

Free prior and informed consent in the Green Climate Fund: the implementation of a project in the Datém del Marañón, Peru

In the context of implementation of climate change adaptation and resilience projects, Indigenous communities’ right to Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) is becoming a mandatory requirement. The present paper, after giving an overview of the requirement of FPIC in international law, addresses the issue of a climate resilience project financed by the Green Climate Fund (GCF) in Peru. Such project is being implemented in Indigenous territories in the Datém del Marañon region. At the time of approval by the GCF Board, the proposed project raised protests from Indigenous communities as they claimed they were not properly consulted before the disbursement of funding. This episode evidenced how the GCF needed to adopt an ad hoc policy to engage with Indigenous peoples respecting the FPIC requirement as prescribed by international law. The present paper demonstrates that the Indigenous Peoples Policy, adopted in February 2018 by the GCF, is an example of harmonization with international law requirements for FPIC such as those prescribed by the United Nations Declaration on Indigenous Peoples Rights. Finally, the paper aims at evidencing the challenge represented by the excessive state-centred structure of the GCF, which needs to be overcome to facilitate a true participatory dialogue with Indigenous peoples.

Efficacy testing of the SAVOR (Sisters Adding Fruits and Vegetables for Optimal Results) intervention among African American women: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: In the United States, only about 15% of individuals meet daily fruit intake recommendations of 2 cups per day and only 10% meet the vegetable intake recommendations of3 cups per day. African American women are a high-risk group. In this study, a fourth-generation multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change was used to design and evaluate a SistersAdding Fruits and Vegetables for Optimal Results (SAVOR) intervention for AA women. Methods: The study utilized a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with measurements taken at pretest, posttest (after the three-week intervention) and follow-up (at the end of eight weeks).SAVOR (n=26) was compared to an equivalent knowledge-based intervention (n=28). Process evaluation was done for program fidelity and satisfaction. A validated 38-item self-reported questionnaire was used to measure changes in MTM constructs and past 24-hour consumption of fruits and vegetables. Results: The SAVOR intervention resulted in improvement of mean consumption of fruits and vegetables in the experimental group from pre-test (2.78) to posttest (4.77) to recommended levels at follow-up (5.04) while in the comparison group they remained at around 3 (P<0.0001)Statistically significant changes (P<0.05) were noted for all MTM constructs except for participatory dialogue. Conclusion: The SAVOR intervention was found to be efficacious and established the robustness of MTM. SAVOR can be replicated for future effectiveness trials.

Violin concerto principles as a way of musical thinking: semantic discourse

Violin concerto principles as a way of musical thinking: semantic discourse

Rethinking Sectarianism: Violence and Coexistence in Lebanon

ABSTRACT Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Lebanon and analysis of Lebanese media, this article argues that sectarianism is a cultural practice that posits a necessary link between religious identity and intentions. The resulting sectarian hermeneutics leads both ordinary Lebanese citizens discussing political events and acts of violence and participants in interconfessional dialogue sponsored by the state or by NGOs to assume that individuals’ intentions can be reliably inferred from their official religious status within Lebanon’s confessional system. The article explores activities promoting interreligious dialogue in Lebanon and shows that, in postwar Lebanon, sectarianism and anti-sectarianism, far from being antithetical to one another, in fact share an underlying logic. Both are preoccupied with defining a fixed relationship between religion and politics and between religion and violence. As a result, anti-sectarianism reproduces the understanding of identity and action as determined by religious sect that underpins the sectarian discourse it purports to combat. In so doing, it sidelines the state’s responsibility for social and economic inequality between religious communities.