Active Participation Of Women Research Articles

Conceptual Bases of Full Realization of Women's Labour and Entrepreneurial Activity

Today, the problem of poverty has emerged as a global problem in all countries of the world. Due to the difference in economic development, poverty is different and has a relative meaning. Prevention and reduction of poverty and improving the quality of life of the people, increasing the interest and aspirations of women in women's entrepreneurship, creating favorable conditions for the development of their entrepreneurial activities are the main foundations of today's reforms. In a country where there is a gap between the incomes of the population, it is clear that there will be poor people. Therefore, poverty cannot be eradicated, but it can be reduced through the development of entrepreneurship. The poverty rate is inversely proportional to the economic level of the country, i.e., in developed economies, the poverty rate is low, and in weak economies it is high. The whole world has turned its attention to solving this problem.
 The accession of the Republic of Uzbekistan to global economic processes requires more active participation of women in the economic life of the country. Entrepreneurship is becoming an independent factor of women's sexual freedom in the economic sphere. At a time when society is renewing and entering the world economy, the development of women's entrepreneurship is encouraged. This is the main source of development of the real sector of the economy.
 Through the socio-economic development of women's entrepreneurship, it is possible to observe a certain positive effect on achieving sustainable economic development of the country, especially in the prevention of poverty. This article highlights the role of women's entrepreneurship in the country's economy and the problems in its development and their solutions, conclusions and recommendations.

A Dagestani woman's participation in social and political life of the Republic in the first five postwar years (1946 - 1950)

The article uses new documentary sources and special literature and examines the participation of a Dagestani woman in the social and political life of the Republic in 1945-1950. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to study the role of women in the post-war reconstruction of the state national economy. The author aims to show the increased role of women in the post-war reconstruction of the national economy. The active participation of women in all spheres of life was associated, first of all, with an acute shortage of men in the post-war period, because many died on the war fronts, and among the returnees there were many disabled people who could work. Hereinafter, the participation of women in the socio-political, socio-economic and cultural life in the post-war period was in great demand. Women replaced men in almost all areas of economic life. The conducted research allows the author to show the peculiarities of the development of female activity in the Republic in 1945-1950.

Pedagogical and psychological bases of ensuring the active participation of women in the state, society, mahallas on the basis of synergetic approach

The following article deals with the pedagogical and psychological basis for ensuring the active participation of women in the state and society in the community on the basis of a synergistic approach. Increasing the socio-political and social activity of women in our country, creating conditions for them to realize their abilities and potential in various fields and sectors, ensuring unconditional observance of their rights and legitimate interests, comprehensive support for motherhood and childhood, as well as the family. Extensive work is being done to strengthen the institute.

WOMEN AND WORK IN MANIPUR

Women in Manipur are noted for their high economic work participation rates. A trip through all the lanes, by- lanes, markets of Manipur will depict active participation of women in economic activity of the economy. There is the all-women Ima Market in the heart of Imphal City which is run almost exclusively by women vendors since ancient times. It seemed as if no other place in India will ever see such active participation of women in economic activity. The culture and ethos of the land speak of womens economic participation from ancient times.From traditional times, women had a greater role to play in the economic life of Manipur, compared to the patriarchy dominated rest of India. They face lesser discrimination than in other parts of the country. Moreover, social norms are such that there is lesser pressure on women to marry, greater freedom in their movement, in choice of occupation and in the choice of their life partner. Hence, they were able to play an active role in the economy. Census data show higher work participation of women in Manipur as compared to overall India, but NSS data do not always show such higher work participation rates, except insome years. Women are always working, in paid and in unpaid work but their work may not be effectively captured in official statistics. Theyconcentrate in the informal sector,in home-based work and in subsistence activities, the magnitude of which are sometimes difficult to capture adequately. The paper uses secondary data to study the employment status of women workers in the economy of Manipur. It shows how women of Manipur participate in productive sectors of the economy and in fact are the backbone of the economy of Manipur.

Patient and Public Involvement in Sexual and Reproductive Health: Time to Properly Integrate Citizen's Input into Science.

Evidence-based sexual and reproductive health is a global endeavor without borders. Inter-sectorial collaboration is essential for identifying and addressing gaps in evidence. Health research funders and regulators are promoting patient and public involvement in research, but there is a lack of quality tools for involving patients. Partnerships with patients are necessary to produce and promote robust, relevant and timely research. Without the active participation of women as stakeholders, not just as research subjects, the societal benefits of research cannot be realized. Creating and developing platforms and opportunities for public involvement in sexual and reproductive health research should be a key international objective. Cooperation between healthcare professionals, academic institutions and the community is essential to promote quality research and significant developments in women’s health. This cooperation will be improved when involvement of citizens in the research process becomes standard.

What are the Barriers and Enablers to Physical Activity Participation in Women with Ovarian Cancer? A Rapid Review of the Literature

Engagement in regular physical activity is recommended for women diagnosed with ovarian cancer due to aggressive treatment approaches, an increased risk of disease recurrence and low survival rates. To synthesize the current available evidence identifying barriers and enablers to participation in physical activity among women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Peer-reviewed articles in electronic databases including CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline, Psych INFO and Scopus and key studies' reference lists. Although evidence pertaining to the study population was limited, the findings of this review suggest women with ovarian cancer experience similar barriers and enablers to the general population and other cancer cohorts. The primary barriers to physical activity participation reported by this population were treatment or disease related side effects, fear of injury or falling and the absence of physical activity counselling. Key enablers reported to facilitate physical activity participation were the implementation of individualized interventions with targeted goals in addition to support from health and medical professionals. Future research on ovarian cancer populations is warranted to further explore perceived barriers and enablers. Nurses working within the oncology field are well positioned clinically to facilitate physical activity engagement and identify and overcome barriers to participation within a population that experiences high mortality rates and disease recurrence.

Challenges and priorities for delivering on the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 25 years on

This year marks the 25th anniversary of the 1995 Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action1 in which 189 governments made commitments to remove obstacles to women's equal and active participation in all spheres of public and private life. Progress in gender equality and women's empowerment during the past 25 years is undeniable. Based on the indicators set to measure the achievements, many countries are able to report progress in addressing areas such as violence against women, in increasing access to sexual and reproductive health services, and in widening career opportunities through improved education.

Exploration of Contributions of Women in Rural Development and Determinant Factors Influencing Their Participation, The Case of Agricultural Cooperatives in Ethiopia

Women constitute about 50% of the world population and contribute about 75% to subsistence production. On the other hand, they earn one tenth of the world’s income and they own one hundredth of the world’s property including land. In Ethiopia, as in most parts of the world, women’s role in the socio-economic activities is high, but they have less access basic resources than men do. Therefore, the enhancement of women’s participation in all spheres of life has become a key issue in development discourses, which ratifies socio-economic development, cannot be fully achieved without the active participation of women. The primary economic activity of Ethiopia is agriculture which greatly depends on family labor where women play crucial role. Majorities of the rural populations are engaged in agricultural cooperatives, which is the business owned and controlled by the people to meet peoples’ common requirements. Hence, this article explored women participation status and associated factors influencing their participation in agricultural cooperatives. Although the feminist theory proved that women and men have equal potential for individual development, the fruits that go to women are by far very low. The review identified that culture/customs, heavy work load and lack of time, lack of capital/credit, gender differentials, lack of education and training, lack of access to key economic resources, laws and rules, lack of access to property ownership, income generation and purchasing power as determinant factors influencing women participation in agricultural cooperatives. Therefore, to improve the situation, proposed interventions have to be made include: creating awareness through education and training to bring attitudinal change in the society, encouraging women participation, making different types of credit accessible, following the implementation of laws and rules as designed. For that matter, government organs at all levels and other stakeholders ought to work to attract more women to the cooperative members and also to bring them to the decision making positions. Keywords: Agriculture; Contribution; Cooperative; Determinants; Participation; Women DOI: 10.7176/JCSD/61-03 Publication date: September 30 th 2020

Lessons Learned From the Higher Risk Perception and the Efficient Flood Mitigation in Haji-Abad, Golestan Province, Iran, 2019.

In the present study, the factors inducing the successful immediate mitigation measures and other activities at Haji-Abad village in Golestan Province, Iran, were scrutinized. To find authentic data, information was gathered from a variety of sources, including mass media documents and interviews with the related Health House attendant (Behvarz) at Haji-Abad and the disaster liaison at the Rural-Urban Healthcare Center, both of whom were among the residents. A thematic analysis was performed on the transcriptions. The findings showed that apart from the favorable geographical location of the area, appropriate education as well as vast family kinship among the residents were the major causes that induced high-risk perception, adequate collaboration and coordination among the residents and between them and the local authorities, and the women's active participation; these major effects, in turn, helped provide all of the efficient mitigation measures leading to the flood control. It is recommended that opportunities for people's collaboration in preparedness, mitigation measures, and resilience during the occurrence of disasters be arranged by means of providing related inclusive operational education prior to the incidents. This can simultaneously generate risk perception and help people assume themselves as the owners of the disasters.

EMPOWERING WOMEN THROUGH MICROFINANCE: EVIDENCE FROM UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

Microfinance initiatives play a crucial role in economic development, employment generation and women empowerment. The active participation of women in Self Help Groups (SHGs) has a positive impact on their member’s empowerment. This paper is an attempt to identify factors contributing to the empowerment of women through microfinance initiatives. This empirical analysis uses information collected through structured questionnaire, selecting solely based on their capacity to explain the different dimensions of women empowerment. Result of the study also provides more effective design for efficient microfinance initiatives among self-help group members. After analysis, the factors most contributing to the empowerment of women SHG members emerged are; Political Engagement, Mobility & independence, Economic benefits, Self confidence & Respect, relevance of education, Protest against social ills and Financial planning & control.

Determining the Most Important Variables for Women’s Entrepreneurship Crisis Management by Neuro Fuzzy System

Without the active participation of women in all facets of life economic development cannot be accomplished. There is consensus among scholars that women may play a key role in the phenomenon of entrepreneurship. The proportion of the contribution of women to economic and social development depends on the institutions ' promotion of gender equality and gender blind support. While women make up about fifty per cent of the world’s population, they have less opportunity to control their lives and make decisions than men. Women entrepreneurs have been named to bring prosperity and education to the developing countries as the new growth drivers and the rising stars of economies. The main objective of the analysis was to examine the impact of internal market dynamics, internal market transparency, physical and service infrastructure and cultural and social norms on the forecasting of total and female entrepreneurial activities. Since this is the highly nonlinear job the soft computing approach has been applied in this analysis. The Process for ANFIS (adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system) was applied to determine the most important variables for both total and female entrepreneurial activity. To order to better understand this trend, rapid growth and involvement of women to entrepreneurship and the growing research body creates a need for both general and unique theoretical perspectives and approaches.

Migrating in Later Lives: Collective Identities of Russian-Speaking Women in Finland

Combining insights from transnational anthropology, anthropology of postsocialism, and the narrating identity approach in cultural gerontology, this paper investigates how Russian-speaking migrant women living in Finland account for their ageing. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork in an urban-based club for Russian-speaking seniors, including written and oral life stories. The research shows that Russian-speaking women have a very strong sense of collective identity that is anchored in master stories of (post) socialism, their transnational life trajectories, and families. First, women's active participation in the club for seniors generates a site of collective identity, which draws on a shared cultural and linguistic background. Their communal workplace identities continue to nourish their ageing in Finland and their participation in the club. Second, women's family positions, in particular as mothers and grandmothers, specifically in transnational families, forms another type of collective, which defines their ageing. Third, in response to migration, women also construct a transnational collective identity, which manifests in the ways they emphasize their relatedness to both Russia and Finland through their family histories. At the same time, ageing is an intensely individual process, and the paper explores how transnational seniors experience their ageing individually yet in dialogue with these collective identities. These findings call for more recognition of transnational and collective-based accounts of ageing to extend the framework of cultural gerontology.

Woman in the diplomatic service: history, problems and prospects

Problem setting. Today, one of the priorities of the European policy direction is the effective implementation of such a principle as gender equality. Ensuring and ensuring the equal participation of women and men in socially important decisions, equal opportunities for them to combine professional and family responsibilities, preventing gender-based violence, and ensuring that women have a real opportunity to participate in diplomacy, including embracing high-level positions are one of the most important goals that modern democracies must fully achieve. Analysis of resent researches and publications. The topic of gender equality in their works was considered by such scholars as: O. Zakharova, T. Martsenyuk, V. Kobylyatska, E. Makarenko, G. Rudenko, T. Zonova, S. Khabibullina and others, but the current state of women’s participation in the diplomatic life of Ukraine scientists have considered superficially. Target of research. The purpose of this article is to consider the historical development of the principle of gender equality of women in relation to their participation in the diplomatic life of states, as well as to determine the current state and problems of compliance with this principle in Ukraine and identify ways to solve them. Article’s main body. Ukraine has ratified the main international instruments on equal rights and opportunities for men and women, namely the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and acceded to the UN Millennium Declaration and committed itself to achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Defining for itself the provision and implementation of gender equality as one of the priorities of public policy. At the national level, gender equality is guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine, the Labor Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men”, the State Program for Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men until 2016 and other legislation. The prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex was also included in the new law on civil service. However, the statistics and realities of our state say otherwise, as the number of women diplomats in high positions differs significantly from the number of men who hold them. The main reasons for this situation are traditional gender stereotypes, cultural customs, insufficient attention of foreign policy institutions to ensure gender equality and more. Of course, our state needs a modern revision and an effective legislative and practical solution to this issue. In this article, the authors review the historical development of the establishment and implementation of the principle of gender equality in different countries, namely the direct participation of women and their high positions in the performance of diplomatic functions in the diplomatic service; the opinions of scholars who express the positive impact of women’s participation in the diplomatic sphere, as well as the arguments of those who do not agree with this position; the current state of the quantitative indicator of women in positions in diplomatic missions of Ukraine, including in high positions, is studied; the modern directions of our state concerning the effective decision of a gender problem and full realization of this principle are analyzed; Obstacles that affect the implementation of a balanced gender policy in Ukraine are identified and some ways to solve them are suggested. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The authors came to the conclusion that the involvement of as many women as possible in the diplomatic service of Ukraine will ensure the effective implementation of gender equality and will indicate real reforms in the diplomatic sphere. Stereotypes about women’s weakness and vulnerability must be a thing of the past, as history has repeatedly shown strong women capable of changing their own country or even world trends. Therefore, for our country, the active encouragement of women to diplomatic work will only demonstrate the desire of a democratic state to seek new and innovative in this area. It is with the active participation of women in all world processes, including in diplomatic life, that we will be able to guarantee equality in society, peace and cohesion in different countries of the world.

Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding malaria: a cross-sectional study in pregnant women attending antenatal care in the New-Bell district hospital, Douala, Cameroon.

Introductionmalaria remains a major public health problem in Cameroon. For a successful malaria control, there is a need to evaluate the level of awareness, attitude and perception of people living in malaria endemic areas such as the swampy littoral region of Cameroon.Methodsthis was a descriptive cross-sectional study targeting pregnant women attending ANC in the New-Bell District Hospital. Data was collected with a semi-structured questionnaire on demographic characteristics as well as knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding malaria.Resultstwo hundred and six pregnant women were enrolled in the study, all of them had heard on malaria in the past, with hospitals and television been the most known information dissemination channels. Only 60.2% of them own and used a LLINs with only 51.6% of owners treating the net.Conclusionrespondents with no education had poor knowledge on malaria. There is a need to improve education on malaria with active participation of women and improve malaria surveillance that will lead to malaria eradication.

The need for social services in increasing women's social activity

This article analyzes the role and importance of social services in enhancing women's social participation in the moral modernization of society. This article analyzes the role and importance of social services in enhancing women's social participation in the moral modernization of society. The character of an oriental woman is that she, as an entrepreneur, wants to participate in the competition as a self-reliant entity, not to defeat her competitor, to bankrupt or to push her out of the market. Oriental ethics, adherence to morals, reputation and hard work are typical of Uzbek businesswomen. ” Social service is a kind of systematically organized assistance that helps individual and groups to better adapt to society. The success of democratic reforms in society depends on the active participation of women in these processes. It is no coincidence that the issues of women in the country are raised to the state level because large-scale work covers the social, economic and spiritual interests of women in all areas. However, not all women are sufficiently mature and knowledgeable to be able to analyze every single event in society, to overcome the challenges of transition. For example, in the temples of ancient Egypt, it is possible to observe the distribution of free bread and other types of food to the hungry, philanthropic movements practised in ancient Greece and Rome, that is, bread, clothing and money to the layers of the poor population, in ancient China to show sympathy and care, etc.

Semiotic Analysis of Media and Visual Jihad of ISIS Group in Photos Released by Them

Jihad is a central but variable concept in the Islamic fundamentalism discourse. The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) as the latest product of this discourse defined media jihad as an important aspect of this obligation by conceptual and exemplary development of jihad. In this research, by applying social semiotics method, a semiotic analysis of media jihad was conducted by emphasizing their photographic activities on some published photos of ISIS and also efforts were made to discover the intrinsic meaning of ISIS on this concept. By committing themselves to social semiotics presumptions, the authors tried to explore underlying layers of photos and reveal the social and cultural contexts, as well as power relations as the background of this semiotics. In this study, some codes such as companionship of ISIS soldiers with visual and media tools, companionship of media and visual tools with military and violent weapons and active participation of women in the jihad media, which consists of a system of signs were analyzed and such analyses were discussed in social and cultural contexts such as power, dual space, and switch from writing to image. Finally, the meaning that is generally understood of media jihad was quite different from what exists in Islam about jihad.

The Role of Imperial Women in the Monetary Distributions (Liberalitas) in Rome in the Light of Numismatic Sources

Abstract Liberalitas was one of the most important forms of social activities of the Roman emperors. In quantitative terms, it is also one of the five most important imperial virtues. It appeared on coins as Liberalitas Augusti, which gave this virtue an additional, divine dimension. The first Empress to depict the idea of imperial generosity on the coins issued on her behalf was Julia Domna. In this respect, her liberalitas coins mark a breakthrough in the exposition of this imperial virtue. The well-known female liberalitas coin issues, or imperial issues with empresses’ portraits, date back to the third century and clearly articulate the liberalitas, both iconographically and literally, through the legend on the reverse of the coin. Other coins, issued on behalf of the emperors (mainly medallions), accentuate in some cases (Julia Mamaea, Salonina) the personal and active participation of women from the imperial house in congiarium-type activities. The issues discussed and analysed, which appeared on behalf of the emperors or the imperial women – with a clear emphasis on the role of women – undoubtedly demonstrate the feminine support for the emperor’s social policy towards the people of Rome, including the various social undertakings of incumbent emperors, to whom they were related. They prove their active involvement and support for the image of the princeps created by the emperors through the propaganda of virtues (such as liberalitas). The dynastic policy of the emperors, in which the empresses played a key role, was also of considerable importance.

Women's active participation and gender homogeneity: Evidence from the South Indian dairy cooperative sector

Abstract In the global South, agricultural cooperatives are increasingly promoted as part of participatory rural development strategies and means for the enhancement of women's economic and social empowerment. But in cooperative decision making and the acquisition of leadership positions women are often marginalized. It has been argued that women-only groups may help to counter this problem. They may increase women's active participation and, thereby, increase the benefits of cooperative membership. This paper reviews relevant literature and studies the effect of gender homogeneity on women's active participation. We apply a Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to a sample of ten Indian village-level dairy cooperatives. The results from our comparative case study confirm that gender homogeneity is not a sufficient means to ensure active participation. It is only in combination with other factors, that women-only groups can enhance women's participation. Our paper identifies and discusses combinations of such factors and draws conclusions for development programs and further research.

Impact of Gender Equality on Socio-Economic Development of Kazakhstan

Achieving gender equality in the 21st Century is one of the global priorities of every state. The Republic of Kazakhstan on its way of development also focuses on this problem, because gender equality is the basis for the economic and social development of the state. International organisations prepare reports reflecting indices (gender gap index, gender inequality index, gender development index and others) which characterise the state of equality between men and women in different countries. It was established that Kazakhstan had practically reached gender equality at the stage of education. Even the first steps towards market reforms showed the unequal impact of the socio-economic transformation on the position of men and women in society. The transition to the market was followed, on the one hand, by the curtailment of social programmes and the social sphere, and on the other hand, by an increase of labour force requirements. Under these conditions, women, who traditionally bear family care, were more disadvantaged than men, both in the family and in the workplace. Democratic reforms in the post-Soviet societies created the conditions for more active participation of women in the political and economic life of the country, securing them more rights and freedoms, yet there has been a sharp deterioration in the status of women, an increase of female unemployment, the feminisation of poverty, the displacement of women in the informal economy and increase of domestic labour. Determined that the Gender Gap Index affects the gross domestic product per capita which is one of the indicators characterising the economic condition of the state. The greater the gender gap index is, the smaller is the inequality between the sexes and the higher GDP per capita is. The article presents a correlation-regression analysis which characterises the interrelation of gender equality indicators with economic indicators.

THE IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION OF IVA EXAMINATION (VISUAL ACETIC ACETIC INSPECTION) IN IMPROVING MOTHER KNOWLEDGE DETECTING EARLY CANCER SERVICES IN THE PUSKESMAS TUMINTING

Background: Symptoms of cervical cancer are often not realized by women so that 70% of cases that occur are found in an advanced stage. This illustrates the still low active participation of women in screening or early detection of cervical cancer (Riksani, 2016). Aims: This study aims to determine the effect of health education on maternal knowledge about VIA examination (Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid) as early detection of cervical cancer in the working area of ​​Tuminting Health Center. Methods: This research method uses a One-Group pre-post test Design to 36 respondents were included in the inclusion criteria by accidental sampling. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a significance level (α) 0.05. Result: The results of this study were obtained from a statistical test of p = 0,000, meaning that the p-value ≤0.05. Conclusion: It was concluded that Ha was accepted, meaning that there was an influence of health education on maternal knowledge about the importance of VIA examination (Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid) as an effort to detect early cervical cancer in the working area of ​​Tuminting Puskesmas. Suggestions for further researchers to conduct a similar study with different research methods such as quasi-experiments with group control.