Participation In Social Life Research Articles

A Study on the Design of Powder Contouring and Management Devices

우리나라는 1960년대에 조제분유가 시판되었고, 핵가족화와 여성의 사회생활 참여로 분유를 수유하는 가구가 증가함에 따라 본격적인 분유 조유와 관련된 제품이 도입되기 시작하였다. 조사를 통해 복잡한 조유 과정이 잘 지켜지지 않으며 위생적인 조유가 되지 않음을 확인하였고, 시중의 분유 수유 관련 용품들은 단순히 조유 과정의 일부 단계에 특화된 제품들이며 조유 과정을 전체적으로 이해하는 제품은 없었다. 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 분유 수유 실태조사와 사례 분석을 통하여 관련 제품을 분석하고 사용자 니즈를 분석함으로써 디자인 방향을 수립하였다. 디자인 방향에 따라 가족 구성원 중 조유 담당자가 누구든 복잡한 수유의 과정을 간소화된 절차에 따라 정량을 위생적으로 조유할 수 있도록 조유를 자동으로 수행할 수 있는 제품을 디자인하여 제안하였다.In the 1960s, powdered milk was marketed in Korea, and products related to powdered milk began to be introduced in earnest as the number of households breastfeeding increased due to nuclear familyization and women s participation in social life. Investigations have confirmed that the complex process of milking is not well followed and that milk powder products on the market are simply products specialized in some stages of the milking process and there is no comprehensive understanding of the process. To solve this problem, the design direction was established by analyzing related products and analyzing user needs through a milk powder feeding survey and case analysis. Depending on the design direction, we designed and proposed a product that can automatically perform the breastfeeding so that whoever is in charge of breastfeeding can enjoy the complex breastfeeding process in a hygienic manner according to the design direction.

Offerings Dance as a Medium of Socializing Religious Values in the Catholic Church, Ganjuran, Yogyakarta

The offering dance also known as standard dance is a religious or ritual ceremony comprising freedom of creation. Therefore, this study aims to identify the offering dance as a means of socializing religious values in the Catholic Church, Ganjuran, Yogyakarta. This is qualitative research with anthropological and art approaches. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documents. The obtained data were analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and verification procedures. Furthermore, the triangulation of data sources, methods, and theories was used to determine their validity. The values of religiosity associated with offering dance used Bouman's analysis to determine the values considered sacred by the community. These values are used as guidelines and further analyzed based on Maclever's socialization analysis, which is a process that individuals go through to learn the norms, values, roles, and all other requirements needed to enable effective participation in social life. The results showed that the offering dance used as a means of socialization comprises educational, tolerance, moral education, culture, aesthetics, and social solidarity values. In addition, the findings also showed that the offering dance has been passed down from generation to generation with symbols capable of indirectly affecting the condition of the congregation and society.

Theoretical and research achievements of critical pedagogy in Poland

The aim of the article is to present the achievements and the current state of critical pedagogy in Poland, its sources of inspiration and theoretical analyses, and educational practices. The name "critical pedagogy" is adopted as a general name for complementary and synergistic pedagogical theories, research practices, and practical actions, which are concerned with mechanisms of liberation from experienced and understood oppression to responsible and courageous participation in social life. The text introduces the issues of the problem areas of "detailed" critical pedagogies, whose common goal is to discover and change those places and practices where are created conditions for experiences of recognition, freedom, and justice. These are an emancipatory pedagogy, a critical pedagogy of resistance, a critical gender pedagogy, and a pedagogy of recognition. In the text are also descriptions of practices in the critical research paradigm that underpins and framed scientific dissertations and educational activities. In the text are also descriptions of practices in the critical research paradigm that underpins and framed scientific dissertations and educational activities.

Relational Family Therapy in the Treatment of Sudden Cardiac Arrest Survivors and their Relatives

Sudden cardiac arrest is the most common single cause of death in the contemporary world, but the proportion of survivors is increasing thanks to modern intensive methods of hospital treatment. However, data show that survivors experience high rates of neurological and cognitive deficits and poorer emotional well-being, which is a major challenge in treating these individuals and encouraging their integration in everyday life. These issues range from a number of emotional problems, such as anxiety and depression, to lower levels of participation in social life and a low rate of return to their workplace. The need for security and support increases because of the feelings of insecurity, vulnerability and fear of the recurrence of symptoms. Relatives/caregivers who report emotional problems and a higher level of post-traumatic stress are physically and mentally burdened, too. Hence, sudden cardiac arrest is a life-threatening event which is traumatic for survivors and their close relatives. It triggers strong emotional responses that are characteristic of all types of trauma (reliving the trauma, avoidance, negative thoughts and mood, increased agitation). People who have survived trauma thus suffer long-term effects, which are reflected in various dysfunctional behaviours and activities due to inadequate regulation of affective states. Because of these issues, there is a need for effective interventions that can psychologically help patients and relatives after surviving sudden cardiac arrest. In this paper, we will present the model of Relational Family Therapy, which can enable survivors and their relatives to appropriately emotionally-affectively process this experience and thus more appropriately integrate into a new way of life. With the qualitative research method of task analysis, we will show the process of change, which is based on the establishment of a new regulation of affect and allows in-depth processing of difficult emotional states after this event.

A Transhumanist Legal Worldview: Responding to the Challenges of Time (Requirement, or Necessity?)

The latest advances in science and technology demonstrate the need for transformation in social life, particularly in jurisprudence. Given this, the study of the impact of the transhumanist concept on modern law is an important topic for analysis. The aim of the article is to analyze the transhumanistic legal worldview through the prism of modern challenges, a worldview that most fully reflects the problems of the modern integration of technological solutions in social life. Among the methods used is comparative analysis, which traces the challenges and prospects of implementing a transhumanist understanding of the law. The dogmatic principle of treating the transformation of the new law was also applied. Of great importance was the use of content analysis of the literature. Search engines found more than 50 articles from 2013 to 2021. The screening process resulted in the selection of 20 related to transhumanist legal regulation. The results of the study examined the formation of philosophy and the main provisions of transhumanism as a scientific movement. It is established that the adherents of this doctrine consider the adoption of new laws as inevitable against the background of the improvement of mankind as a biological species (including the use of modern technologies). The manifestations of the modern vision of transhumanist society in the elements of the current legislation are also demonstrated. In conclusion, it is fixed that such new elements will need a certain legal regulation, which will be carried out within the framework of renewed systems of legal relations, where artificial intellect, cyborgs, etc. will become equal participants in social life. At the same time, through the prism of the transformation of modern technologies, the main prospects of legal regulation based on the transhumanistic concept are highlighted.

The Role of Museum Education in Raising Undergraduate Pre-service Teachers’ Disability Awareness: the Case of an Exhibition by Disabled Artists in Greece

In the frame of the worldwide policies towards inclusion there is a need of changes, systematic strategies and actions at different levels and settings of the society including education and cultural organizations. Museums, culture and arts have a constantly increasing role towards a more cohesive and inclusive society in terms of educational, social and cultural impact and for diverse social groups that face various barriers in their full participation in social life. Furthermore, museums as nonformal learning environments and art activities can complement different levels of formal education and courses towards a better understanding of diversity. The aforementioned are of particular importance for disabled people as well as for teachers who work with disabled children and for the enrichment of student teachers’ training in issues of disability. The aim of the present study was to investigate issues of cultural representations and the reflections of undergraduate Primary Education teachers regarding disabled artists, arts, museum and education after a visit in a temporary art exhibition of disabled artists. The participants were 33 student teachers of a University Department in Greece who attended a Museum Education course and the data were obtained via questionnaires. The results revealed the value and the need for further learning opportunities in museums and other cultural environments as well as their potential contribution in combating stereotypes, enriching and broadening undergraduate Primary Education teachers’ perceptions regarding disability with implications in the fields of Museum Studies and Museum Education, Arts, Higher Education, Special and Inclusive Education.

A qualitative evaluation of the impact of a Good Life Club on people living with dementia and care partners.

BackgroundResearch suggests there is a lack of post-diagnostic support to enable people living with dementia to fulfil social and active lives throughout their dementia journey. Gardening has been found to have many benefits for people living with dementia. Although such research is important, most research frames people with dementia as passive recipients of stimulation. Research into the impact of a community-based gardening group, where people living with dementia are active in the development of an outdoor space, is underdeveloped. Knowledge about the impact of participating in such groups is also sparse. The Good Life Club (GLC) was co-developed and evaluated to respond to these gaps.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this article is to present the findings regarding the impact of attending the GLC on the self-reported well-being for people living with dementia and care partners.MethodsQualitative data were collected via 22 semi-structured interviews. Fourteen interviews were conducted before the GLC and eight after the GLC. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. Dementia Care Mapping data were collected to supplement the interview data.FindingsFour key themes were identified. The first was that participants considered having active participation in social life to be a key aspect of living a good life. The second was that the way that the GLC was set up and delivered gave the participants ownership of the GLC and within this they felt able to contribute. The third was the importance of social connectedness and peer support to the well-being of both people living with dementia and care partners. Fourth, positive mood and well-being was directly experienced through gardening.ConclusionsThe combination of long-term investment of time and energy to the GLC, ongoing friendships and in-session autonomy act as key ingredients in creating a group that is relaxed, full of humour and highly valued.

Endowing Artificial Intelligence with legal subjectivity

This paper reflects on the problem of endowing Artificial Intelligence (AI) with legal subjectivity, especially with regard to civil law. It is necessary to reject the myth that the criteria of legal subjectivity are sentience and reason. Arguing that AI may have potential legal subjectivity based on an analogy to animals or juristic persons suggests the existence of a single hierarchy or sequence of entities, organized according to their degree of similarity to human beings; also, that the place of an entity in this hierarchy determines the scope of subjectivity attributed to it. Rather, it is participation or presence in social life, whatever the role, that is the true criterion of subjectivity. In addition, it is clear that even if AI is not currently a significant participant in social life, it will be in the nearest future. Despite the potential dangers associated with endowing AI with some kind of subjectivity, such a course is inescapable, and should be considered sooner rather than later.

Dal plain language all'easy-to-read per lettori con disabilità intellettive: oltre la semplificazione

This paper deals with the topic of text simplification discussing two models of writing that make texts easier to read and understand. First, it briefly discusses plain language, which has been debated in Italy since the beginning of the 1990s as a tool to improve government communication. However, even though several initiatives tried to promote it, it is still little used, and it has not defeated bureaucratese. Second, this paper presents “Easy-to-Read”, a model of linguistic adaptation designed to write texts that are easy to read and understand for people with intellectual disabilities. Its features of conciseness and simplicity also make it suitable for other categories with reading difficulties due to psychological and neuropsychiatric conditions, social factors, and/or poor knowledge of a language. Plain language and Easy-to-Read share several traits, although Easy-to-Read is a more specific application designed for readers with special needs. Easy-to-Read is a relatively new concept: several guidelines have already been created for some languages, along with the European ones, designed during the Pathways project by the European association Inclusion Europe. Yet, the existing guidelines often lack extensive linguistic indications and can prove insufficient to write proper easy-to-read texts. After presenting Easy-to-Read, the paper will discuss some methodological issues, such as some problems regarding the existing guidelines for the Italian version of Easy-toRead; the complexity of the needs of its recipient; and the absence of proofs, as Easy-toRead currently lacks a more scientific approach and further studies are still needed. Finally, the paper briefly discusses the need to spread both plain language and Easy-toRead in order to foster the participation in social life of people with reading difficulties or intellectual disabilities and promote their right to information.

Biometric payment and gendered kinds in Ghana

ABSTRACT This paper explores how biometric payment practices in Ghana reinforce historically grown, patriarchal frames of representing women’s economic participation. As central modes of participation in social life, payment practices tie closely into national narratives of modernity and economic development. In this light, Ghana’s current biometric identification agenda, of which biometric payment constitutes a central element, has come to associate female entrepreneurs with normative gender identities which question their discipline, autonomy, and meaningful contribution to the economy. Two different institutions seeking to classify Ghanaian women in the interest of altering their behavior will be at the heart of the discussion. In the first case, I will focus on development experts’ routine representation of (Ghanaian) women as “dependent” on assistance. In the second case, I focus on the regulatory institutions of Ghana’s financial sector and the pursuit to formalize what is generally framed as “deviant” female entrepreneurship. The article addresses how the articulation of these normative gender identities reproduces historically rooted conceptions of Ghanaian women’s autonomy and economic participation, to the effect of their continued exclusion from relevant public decision-making processes. The paper finally explores the unconventional ways in which female Ghanaian entrepreneurs-turned-activists index emancipatory gender identities to seek recognition for their economic contribution.

Sećanje na Katarinu Milovuk i srpsko dobročinstvo

Katarina Milovuk (Ekaterina Đorđević) was born on August 28, 1844 in Novi Sad of Serbia. She proved to be one of the first women to realize her professional potentials "outside the home hearth" in Serbia, and even more authentically as a true Serbian "Heroine of the Spirit" of the targeted fight for women's rights. With her valuable presentation and views, Katarina Milovuk attracted about 3000 ladies from the most prominent Belgrade families, who accepted the task of taking part in the medical training for girls and women to help Serbian soldiers on the battlefield, and who were more decimated by the typhus epidemic than by lethal bullets of enemies. The main opus (her aim) of her social engagement was the historical struggle for women's rights and activities in the education of women's youth in Serbia. As an active participant in social life in Serbia, she participated in the historical organization of aid for the Serbian army during the wars that Serbia was waging at the time.

Обзор зарубежных исследований о влиянии кохлеарной имплантации на качество жизни лиц с нарушениями слуха

The article is devoted to the review of foreign studies on the impact of cochlear implantation on the quality of life of persons with hearing impairment. The results of the work of American, Australian, Italian, Romanian, Israeli scientists indicate a significant improvement in auditory perception after cochlear implant surgery, which has the most positive impact on the quality of life of patients of different ages (children, adolescents, adults, the elderly). The article also considers additional parameters that affect the quality of life, such as the possibility of participation in social life, financial well-being, psychological characteristics (attitude to oneself and one’s impairment, anxiety, ability to protect one’s interests), etc.

РОЗВИТОК СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА У СИСТЕМІ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ

In modern conditions the existing negative trends in the social sector as well as accumulated social problems create a lot of threats and restrain further development of society; therefore it is crucial to implement the practice of cooperation among the state, business, society and individual, which would enhance the mutual responsibility of all participants of social life by creating the conditions for further stable development of the society based on the widest range of interests. Literature’s review showed the lack of studies concerning the characteristics of development of a social partnership between the authorities, business and workers in crisis in order to develop measures and prevent threats that can destabilize social and other areas stipulated to the purpose of the study. The article analyzes the modern definitions of social partnership, on various grounds, outlines their features. According to the results of the research, the necessity to consider social partnership as part of the social policy of the state from the point of view of different levels was proved. Generalization and systematization of theoretical bases on these issues is of practical value and will help to outline the main ways to improve and form an effective system of social protection of the state. The principles of social partnership concepts in the formation of an effective system of social protection of Ukraine are described. The modern features of modernization of the role of social partnership, which have an impact on social protection of citizens are considered. The study has shown that social partnership has a great influence on social protection of the population, so if to increase the level of social partnership of business, as well as to transfer to the enterprises part of the expenses for the implementation of social policy of the state, it can significantly improve the quality of life of the population. In the conclusions the author emphasizes that there is a close relationship between the components of social partnership and the types of social protection of business, so the adherence to ethical principles of doing business will allow to increase the level of social protection of the population.

Value system and the deviant behavior of youth

The article is an overview of relationship, which is very important from the point of view of upbringing, between the hierarchy of values preached by youth and the scale of deviant behaviors, including criminal one, that they manifest. The subject dependence, derived from various theoretical concepts, not necessarily based on the sociology of deviation or criminology (e.g. The learning theory), clearly indicates that the system of values of the youth exhibiting deviant behavior is different from the value system of adolescents whose socialization and upbringing is proceeding properly. The first mentioned group is mainly focused on the fruition of individual needs - often taking "shortcuts", they assess professional work and participation in social life differently. They highly value the so-called turbulent life (frequent changes, risks, fun, humor and momentary pleasures). They tend to accept the internal norms of their own (anti-social) group that perceives the environment in a similar way, but do not include the so-called social standards in their behaviors.

A Study of Reliability and Validity for Citizenship Knowledge and Skill Scale

The study aims to develop a current scale that has a higher validity and reliability and reveals high school students’ perceptions of measuring their citizenship knowledge and skills. The study was conducted with two different groups. The first group is the group where data is collected to conduct Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and it consists of 258 students. The second group is the group where the data is collected to carry out Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and it consists of 180 students. A total of 438 students participated in the study providing different students were in both groups. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the Citizenship Knowledge and Skill Scale, which includes a total of 24 items, consists of a 5-factor structure. These factors are termed as “Participation in Social Life”, “Right to Education”, “Individual Duties”, “Duties of the State” and “Common Rights”. The total variance explained by the scale is 61.79%. Additionally, there is a significant relationship between these 5 factors and there is no autocorrelation problem. Item-factor and item-test correlation coefficients were calculated for all items of the scale and it was determined that each item was consistent not only with the factor it contained but also with the whole test. Cronbach Alpha reliability of the general of Citizenship Knowledge and Skill Scale is 0.91 and Omega reliability is 0.92. It can be said that the reliability and validity of the scale are applicable and high.

Gerotranscendence as a Factor of Active Aging: Predictors and Outcomes

The image of modern aging had changed. While before ageing was associated with degenerative processes, today more older adults become active and meaningful members of the society. Still more knowledge is needed to help the majority of older adults to age in active and positive way. Solid body of research shows that in ageing the value of subjective factors dramatically increases. Gerotranscendence that suggests important positive personality changes to occur in aging, could be one of such mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to investigate which psychological characteristics were important for development of gerotranscendence and which positive outcomes it might cause. Participants were 200 older adults aged 60-89 (69% females). Methods: Gerotranscendence scale (Strizhitskaya), self-actualization test (Shostrom), Self-acceptance test (Pantileev), Psychological well-being scale (Ryff), Scale of social activity (Strizhitskaya). Our results confirmed in consistence with literature that higher scores on self-acceptance and self-actualization favored development of gerotranscendence. We also found that developed gerotranscendence positively affected psychological well-being. New in our research was that we showed that people who demonstrated higher scores on gerotranscendence were more interested in maintaining social activities; they were interested in participation in social life of their community and were trying to continue active and meaningful social participation. The final model fitted the original data (Chi-square=12,168; df=11; p=0,103; CFI=0,944; GFI=0,973; RMSEA=0,051; PCLOSE=0,503). Thus gerotranscendence had positive effects on older adult’s functioning and social participation.

Accessing social service support: Barriers experienced by Chinese migrants living in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand

INTRODUCTION: According to Census 2013, approximately 25% of Auckland’s population is Asian, with the majority of these being Chinese. Given that Aotearoa New Zealand’s population is ageing, it can be expected that there will a significant demand for aged services for Chinese older adults in our local community in the future. Exploring the language barrier encountered by retired and aged (65+) Chinese migrants living in Auckland is needed.METHOD: Two focus groups were interviewed with retired Chinese migrants (group 1) and local social service practitioners (group 2). The focus group topics included the living experience of Chinese migrants in Auckland in Aotearoa New Zealand, while local social service practitioners reported their daily work experience of serving Chinese older adults. A short, warm-up, oral questionnaire stimulated discussion in each group. Data analysis was used to identify themes and draw tentative conclusions about the needs of older migrants and suggest how local aged- services providers could better serve retired Chinese migrants.FINDINGS: Language barriers and transportation problems were commonly agreed to be obstacles that hindered retired Chinese migrants accessing social support and health services. More input was needed to improve their general English language proficiency to facilitate their daily lives and participation in social life in Aotearoa New Zealand.IMPLICATIONS: Findings from the research have the potential to be an important resource for local social service practitioners, giving them a better understanding of older Chinese people.

Reclaiming Identity: Women, Social Exclusion, and Resistance in Bumi Manusia

This paper aims to unveil the gender-based prejudice and the colonial state's policies that systematically exclude Native women by considering Pramoedya A. Toer's Bumi Manusia. It focuses on how women are excluded from useful social life participation and resist such unfair treatment to reclaim their own identity. A close textual analysis with postcolonial and feminist discourses was used in this literary study to interpret particular feelings, experiences, and events in the novel. After a comprehensive examination, the study found that women during the Dutch occupation in Java were denied their rights, freedom, and opportunities crucial to their social integration; they had to live their lives according to the interests of the ruling classes, i.e., the men and the white Europeans. Various forms of resistance, ranging from the lowest opposition mode to open rebellions, have been articulated as a response to the said social exclusion. In this sense, the novel exposes a female character that can take on a new form of existence. The insights gained from this study might be of assistance to confirm the awakening of women's conscious­ness in struggling against the oppressive power of sexism and racism in early twentieth century Java.

Revealing the Silenced Spots: The Influence of Thomas and Znaniecki on the Study of Marginalized Aspects of Social Life

This article aims to highlight the influence of the work of William I. Thomas and Florian Znaniecki on the perception of social reality by sociologists. I focus on the social practice of creating personal documents (memoirs, autobiographies, and letters) as a form of enacting individual agency and speaking their voice in the social space. I show the contribution of various social classes in this memorializing practice in Poland, reaching back to the 17th and 18th centuries. While doing so, I emphasize that a big part of society was practically muted in literary discourses. The voices of peasants and working-class were silenced as they had no access to the means which would enable them to speak and be represented in the discourse. Against this background, we can see how the “memoir competitions”—a very popular research practice being introduced in Poland by Znaniecki in 1921—have changed the power relations in the field of generating knowledge about social reality. The institution of Polish Memoirism that systematically gathered a huge number of autobiographies, enabled the poor and voiceless to speak and be heard by social researchers. In this sense, the monumental work of Thomas and Znaniecki was a trigger to the gradual process of revealing “blind spots” on the map of social reality and giving voice to the muted. Throughout the article, I return again and again to the main methodological questions, that is, what does it mean to include the consciousness of the participants of social life in sociological research, how to represent them in sociological theorizing, and how they can regain their voice in the scientific narrations about them.

Dimension of Local Security – Selected Issues

immediate living space of a person. Contemporary civilization processes and opportunities resulting from them cause that man ceases to close himself only to the matters of his immediate environment. The development of self-governance, which started in the 1990s, and its three-level expansion, made citizens conscious participants of social life at the municipality, county and province level. The article presents selected issues related to the contemporary dimension of local security. Local boundaries determining the issues of this environment and examples of threats that may affect the sense of security of its inhabitants were indicated. The possibilities of counteracting threats to the local environment by setting the standards of the binding legal order were also presented.