Parental Responsibility Research Articles

РОДИТЕЛЬСКАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ КАК АТРИБУТ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ ПОДРОСТКОВ

The work is devoted to the study of attribution of parental responsibility for the physical education of adolescents, a topic that remains in demand and relevant. This topic is still in demand and relevant. Firstly, research on applied parental-adolescent relations has been, is and will be more important than ever, since with the change in socio-economic relations in the country, parental-adolescent relations are also undergoing changes, both on the part of adolescents and on the part of parents. Our work presents the dynamics of parents’ attitude towards the younger generation. Secondly, the main task of the family is to educate new members of society. Thirdly, there is no doubt about the expediency of further research on responsibility as a fundamental scientific category, which at the same time has a large number of applied aspects. In our work, we examined the attribution of parental responsibility for the physical education of their children and what influences this process. An empirical study was conducted on the peculiarities of attribution of parental responsibility for the upbringing of adolescents. Of the factors influencing the attribution of responsibility, first of all, we were interested in the characteristics of the parent’s personality, since they have been very little studied, and in relation to the attribution of parental responsibility for the physical education of adolescents, they have not been studied at all. To solve the tasks set, a set of methods was used, including: theoretical and system-structural analysis. The conducted empirical research allowed us to identify the main psychological factors in the attribution of parental responsibility for raising adolescents, as well as to determine the nature of the relationship between the attribution of responsibility for upbringing and the psychological qualities of an individual.

ԵՐԵԽԱՅԻ ԻՆՔՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԱՍՏԱՏՄԱՆ ԵՎ ԾՆՆԴԻ ԳՐԱՆՑՄԱՆ ՀԻՄՆԱԽՆԴԻՐՆԵՐԸ ՓՈԽՆԱԿ ՄԱՅՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԻՆՍՏԻՏՈՒՏՈՒՄ / MAIN PROBLEMS OF CONFIRMING A CHILD'S IDENTITY AND BIRTH REGISTRATION AT THE INSTITUTE OF SURROGATE MATERNITY

A person's lack or loss of identity can seriously impact their sense of selfidentity, well-being and sense of belonging. The multiplicity of factors in the identity of children in matters of surrogacy is especially important and it is necessary that all elements associated with establishing the identity of the latter and registering the birth are preserved before and after birth. A child’s right to identity is not only a right in its own right, but is also closely linked to the realization of other rights, such as child development, family cohabitation, etc. To meet these standards, all identification information must be stored accurately and transparently, including agreements on surrogacy. Although surrogacy changes the constituent elements of identity, severing the connection between genetic, gestational and social origins, the fundamental rights of the child remain the same. From the child's point of view, genetics, pregnancy and the exercise of parental responsibility are among the constituent elements of the child's personality. Thus, the right to identity is independent of the circumstances of the child's birth and any subsequent discriminatory practices. Any identity issues that may arise in the short or long term should also be part of the assessment and determination of the best interests of the surrogacy. Given the importance of identity issues, which can be legal, medical and/or psychosocial in nature and have a key impact throughout life, it is equally important to include this consideration in any surrogacy arrangement. Therefore, the article discusses the issues of the child’s right to identity confirmation and birth registration in the context of surrogacy.

Poligami di Indonesia: Analisis Praktik Hukum Keluarga Islam

This study aims to analyze the Islamic family law practices related to polygamy in the social, cultural, and legal context of Indonesia. The research method used is literature analysis and case studies to understand the implementation of polygamous practices and their impact on individuals, families, and society. The results show that polygamy in Islamic family law has complex implications. Although allowed in Islam, polygamy often causes controversy and conflict in contemporary society. The negative impacts of polygamous practices include injustice towards women and children, tension in family relationships, and complexity in inheritance arrangements and parental responsibilities. However, some views see polygamy as a solution to specific social problems, such as gender balance and protection for women without partners, as indicated by BPS data showing fewer men compared to women aged 60 and above, suggesting that men who wish to practice polygamy should marry older women. The analysis of Islamic family law practices related to polygamy emphasizes the need for a balance between understanding religious teachings, universal humanitarian values, and local socio-cultural contexts. This research underscores the importance of regulating polygamous practices within a fair legal framework that protects the rights of all parties involved to minimize negative impacts and maximize the social benefits of such practices.

Parental Involvement in the Implementation of CBC in Primary Schools

This study investigated challenges impeding parental involvement in implementing the Competence-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Tanga, Tanzania. Purposive sampling used to recruit six participants in interviews which were conducted in Kiswahili language. The obtained data were translated to English language and were analyzed by using thematic analysis. It was found that, despite of, recent improvements in PI, there have been persistent factors contribute to ineffective PI. The challenges includes; limited parental awareness, conflicting work schedules, economic constraints, perceived incompetence, and negligence. To enhance parental involvement, the study recommends that, with fee-free education initiatives, the government should consider both curricular and extracurricular programs which are the key to effective PI in CBC implementation. Beside, parents and school should consider the presence of dual responsibilities of parents in curriculum implementation.

State Interference With the Scope of Parental Responsibilities – Comparative Legal Analysis

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The article presents a comparative analysis of legal regulations in selected (according to the author’s research interests) European countries regulating issues related to state interference with the scope of parental authority/responsibility, the grounds for this interference and the forms of modification of parental rights and responsibilities.
 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The author is looking for answers to questions: In what circumstances the interference of state authorities in the sphere of parental rights is possible/necessary? What form can such interference take in the laws of selected countries? Who has the right/obligation to request such interference? The author used the method of analysis of ad- equate legal provisions of selected countries.
 THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Analysing the provisions in force in the internal legislation of Poland, Hungary, Norway and Sweden, the author presented adopted legal solutions regulating issues related to the scope of interference with the parental responsibility/authority of the child’s parents in the event of its improper implementation.
 RESEARCH RESULTS: The analysis of legal provisions regulating the issue of parental responsibilities indicates that each of the four legal systems examined provides for situations in which it is necessary for state authorities to interfere in the sphere of parental rights and responsibilities.
 CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: Presented considerations constitute a general overview of the regulations in force in individual countries and, as such, are only an introduction to in-depth reflection on the optimization of the subject scope of social policy.

The Implementing Joint Custody Post Divorce In Indonesia: a Philosophical Viewpoint

Child custody encompasses parental rights and responsibilities for raising and nurturing their children. In Indonesia, child custody often triggers disputes, especially in divorce cases. This research seeks to present a fresh perspective by examining the deconstruction of joint custody within the context of child guardianship. This study, focusing on legal aspects, employs a comparative approach to deconstruction concepts, drawing from Jacques Derrida's radical deconstruction and Thaha Abdurrahman's ethical deconstruction. The analysis aims to unearth possibilities and offer recommendations for implementing Joint Custody in Indonesia, particularly regarding post-divorce parental custody regulations. Both deconstruction concepts challenge the conventional maternal role in child custody, especially for children under 12. Embracing this deconstruction opens the door to considering joint custody as a new norm in Indonesia. Joint custody is no longer just a concept; empowering judges to consider it based on court proceedings is the fastest route to its adoption in the child's best interest.
 
 Keywords: joint custody; post-divorce; child custody.

Развитие потенциала посттравматического роста как психологическая мишень подготовки кандидатов в замещающие родители

<p style="text-align: justify;">In recent years, the Russian state has been actively engaged in protecting the rights of children deprived of parental care. As part of the amendments to the Constitution (Article 67), the State assumed the responsibilities of parents in relation to this category of children. These responsibilities are realized through the development of family life, the most important tool of which is the training programs for persons wishing to adopt orphaned children. Their necessity was legislated in 2012, and in the Action Plan for the Decade of Childhood (dated January 23, 2021 No. 122-r) the task of improving them was set, the implementation of which the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation in terms of developing programs for preparing citizens for the reception of orphaned children was entrusted to the MSUPE. The new program considers the development of the potential for post-traumatic personality growth (PPTPG) as such a target. The results of the study (N=188 candidates for substitute parents) are presented. It is proved that the psychological resources of candidates include family viability, resilience, emotional intelligence, potential for compassion, the ability to self-regulate and child-oriented reception motives.</p>

Gender, work, and the family’s morning rush hour: the strain associated with preparing children for the day

ABSTRACT Dual-earner parents face the challenge of getting children ready for school or daycare while often simultaneously preparing for work. Although this morning routine is at the heart of the work–family intersection, it is understudied in relation to the gendered division of labor and as a potential stressor in parents’ lives. In this study, we examine who is responsible for and experiences strain from preparing children for the day. Drawing on a sample of 462 dual-earner parents from the Canadian Work, Stress, and Health Study (2019), we find that mothers are much more likely than fathers to perform this labor – even once controlling for work hours, schedule control, and other housework divisions. Moreover, if not for the fewer work hours, less job pressure, and more flexible shifts of parents who regularly prepare children for the day, there would be a marginally significant relationship between this parental responsibility and work-to-family conflict. Although getting children ready appears linked to work-to-family conflict for both mothers and fathers, results suggest that mothers have already sacrificed investment in paid work to take on this inflexible childcare routine. We discuss the social and health implications of temporal work structures intruding on the family’s morning rush hour.

Avoidance of duties as a basis for deprivation of parental rights

The article examines the deprivation of parental rights as the most burdensome form of parental responsibility. It has been established that the deprivation of parental rights is a serious measure of influence, which should be carried out exclusively in the best interests of the child. This is stated, in particular, in the norms of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child dated November 20, 1959, the Family Code of Ukraine, the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and the Supreme Court of Ukraine.
 Avoidance of parental duties can be one of the grounds for deprivation of parental rights. It has been established that, based on judicial practice in the specified area, non-fulfillment of parental duties should be interpreted differently. For example, the courts often regard it as parental evasion when a mother or father avoids paying child support. This reason is based on the thesis that it is impossible to provide care and proper development of the child, medical care and treatment without providing material maintenance. At the same time, in the conditions of Russia's war against Ukraine, the economic situation remains not the best, which may be the reason for non-payment of alimony.
 Based on the analysis of court practice, cases of using the instrument of deprivation of parental rights have been identified precisely for the purpose of punishing parents for unstable payment of alimony, for insufficient attention to children, etc. This applies to the use of insignificant grounds for the deprivation of parental rights, namely a small amount of alimony arrears, untimely and incomplete payment, lack of support in desires and additional aspirations.
 It was concluded that parents' evasion of raising children, as a reason for deprivation of parental rights, is possible in the case when parents do not create the necessary conditions for the child's physical, emotional or social development, it can be. However, only under the condition of culpable behavior of the parents, their deliberate neglect of their duties should be allowed only when it is impossible to change the behavior of the parents for the better and based on a complex of circumstances, each of which requires careful analysis and justification.

Transformasi Karakter Anak: Rahasia Sukses dalam Membentuk Karakter AUD Melalui Pendidikan di Rumah

Instilling character education in early childhood is one of the responsibilities of parents. Character education must be implemented from an early age to shape children into independent human beings, individuals with noble character. The purpose of this study is to describe the character formation of early childhood through education at home or by the family. This research method uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques use literature studies using various articles, books, and other sources as data sources. The research results show that the success of character formation in children depends on parenting and support from the environment to form positive character in early childhood. A parenting style that give precedence to frankness and supportive support from parents develops children's positive characters.

Parental Contribution to Early Childhood Development in the Digital Era

The role of parents in early childhood development is a crucial factor in the process of child growth and development. In the context of limited face-to-face learning, this research will discuss the extent of parents' responsibilities in accompanying children to learn, as well as the urgency of parents' role in children's development from a developmental psychology perspective. The research method used is qualitative with analysis referring to trusted literature such as journals, books and other references. The research results show that parental responsibility and the strategies implemented by them are the main keys in dealing with psychological aspects of child development. Parental involvement during the learning period has a significant impact on child development. The factors that influence it involve internal and external elements in the child's environment.

The practical realization of the feminist welfare state: Equal sharing and gender equality in institutional interaction about parental leave in Sweden

Talk about gender equality in relation to parental leave is pervasive in Sweden. The state encourages families to share parental leave and has recurrently tasked the Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) to promote gender equality. As theories and applications of street-level bureaucracy have emphasized, how policy is practically realized in social interaction with clients is an important question, specifically whether gender equality discourse also permeates such encounters. We use conversation analysis to examine how equal sharing of parental leave is raised in interactions between parents and practitioners at the SSIA. The data consist of 300 telephone calls, 378 email exchanges, and 642 Facebook exchanges. Our analysis indicates that the talk of equal sharing is not as omnipresent as previous research might suggest. When parents orient to equal sharing, they tend to describe parental responsibilities, while practitioners connect equality to regulations that in themselves work to promote equal sharing. Equal sharing is also a resource for negotiating the citizen–state relationship, as parents complain about state interference while practitioners in response must balance provision of personalized support with the state imperative to promote sharing. The study highlights the complex work of practitioners in the “feminist welfare state” and sheds light on nuanced notions of equality promotion.

Responsibility of a man in the teaching of the Catholic Church

Writing this article was inspired by the words of John Paul II spoken during his third pilgrimage to Poland, which concerned parental responsibility for life, for love, for upbringing and which were reinforced with the statement that a man should be the first to undertake this responsibility. This study is aimed at presenting some selected elements of the teaching of the Catholic Church regarding the responsibility of men, as well as at considering the Church’s position on defining a man in the context of his fundamental role, which is fatherhood. The source literature of this text consists of selected documents of the Catholic Church. The available studies on the indicated subject were also analyzed. On the basis of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the teaching of the Catholic Church draws attention to the divine origin of the human and treats parenthood as an area of ​​special cooperation between the Creator and the creation. It is emphasized that human parenthood should be primarily responsible, therefore joint decisions of both spouses regarding procreation should be made freely and thoughtfully. A mature man is aware of his responsibility for building a world in accordance with the Creator’s intention, and therefore he does not agree to any form of depriving marital coexistence of the double sign: of strengthening the mutual bond and of procreation. A man’s responsibility for life is most strongly expressed through his opposition to any actions that violate human dignity in such a delicate area as procreation of life. In the context of a man’s responsibility for upbringing, it should be stated that healthy fatherhood consists in conscious, permanent building of relationships first with the wife and then with the child. A man should actively participate in the child’s life with true commitment. The education of successive generations of men requires the visible presence of a man-husband-father in the family, who does not liberate himself from his male obligations by reckless shifting them to a woman-wife-mother, but brings to the family all the features and behaviour patterns of a mature and responsible man, such as self-control, constant work on his own character and setting high requirements for himself. The undertaken issues seem particularly important from the perspective of the human being, whose one of the most important characteristics is development, permanent maturation to new challenges. Due to the unchangeable human nature, it can be said that the teaching of the Catholic Church on male responsibility remains valid despite the changing living conditions of successive generations.

The voice of the child and the implementation of the child's right to be heard in parental responsibility matters and cases

AbstractThe article deals with a very up-to-date issue, the ‘voice of the child’, i.e. the implementation of the child's right to be heard in parental responsibility matters and cases. My aim is to find an answer to the question of how the Hungarian codification, judiciary and academic legal literature have changed over the last decade and how they have adapted to the modern child-focused standards. The significance of the topic emerges from the fact that both the exercise and the rendering of parental responsibilities is somehow problematic in many families and this difficulty is burdened by the requirements of child-friendly justice. The issues dealt with in this paper concern the significance of the child's right to be heard, the necessity of the child's hearing, the connection between the child's protection and child's hearing, the difficulty of determination whether the child is capable of forming his or her own views, the direct and indirect hearing of the child and the difference between the child's hearing and the child's voice.

The right of Russian fathers to parental leave: is a transformation of an established system necessary?

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to research the current state of fathers' involvement in childcare during parental leave and to assess attitudes of Russian population towards possible measures that can expand the use of parental leave by fathers in Russia.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a survey of Russian parents with children under the age of 18 months in 2022. The sample accounts for 1,000 people; the survey covered almost all Russian regions.FindingsThe authors found that the ideal workload of fathers is not expected to exceed a third of the total parental workload. Russian parents are not ready to admit dissatisfaction with the existing distribution of workload during parental leave. However, an egalitarian demand for greater involvement of fathers in parental responsibilities is forming, and an interest in transforming the parental leave policy is emerging.Originality/valueThe value of the study consists of assessing the effectiveness of measures that may have a beneficial effect on the use of parental leave by fathers, as well as identifying consequences of the possible introduction of mandatory parental leave for fathers.

Analisis Kebijakan Sistem Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Kualitas Pendidikan

The annual Admission of New Students (PPDB) organized by the government in collaboration with schools is not without challenges. The competition among schools leads to a struggle to attract the best students. Despite being formal educational institutions trusted by the community, schools have a consistenly responsibility to implement their administrators. The admission of new students is based on the provisions of Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 51 of 2018, carried out through three pathways: zoning, achievement, and parental job relocation. Zoning admission involves admitting students based on the distance from their residence to the school, with a minimum acceptance requirement of 90% of the school's capacity. Achievement admission is based on excellence in either academic or non-academic fields, with a maximum acceptance of 5% of the school's capacity. Parental job relocation admission is for students outside the zoning and achievement pathways, with a maximum acceptance of 5% of the school's capacity.The implementation of the zoning system for new student admissions, as stipulated in Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 51 of 2018, has implications for the declining motivation of students, an increase in adolescent delinquency, and a decrease in parental responsibility towards students.

Editorial

Editorial

Crucial Requirements for Children's Empowerment

This paper sheds light on the important and mostly neglected role that parents play in raising their children, namely empowerment through character development, impartment of knowledge and skills. The key objective of this paper is to enhance the understanding of the concept of empowerment of children from the Islamic perspective and the importance of character and values education in today’s society. The paper is structured around six core sections describing the role of parents in children’s (1) virtues and character formation and development, (2) physical development, (3) emotional development, (4) mental development, (5) intellectual development, and lastly their role in preparing children for the realities of life and death. The focus of this paper is character formation and development. Character development and impartment of knowledge and skills are the three crucial and mandatory requirements for children’s empowerment. The paper outlines the ideas underlying character refinement or character education focusing on its meaning, aims, importance, and the role of parents, teachers, and community as character educators. It outlines some of the moral qualities of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as the universal model of all virtues and goodness. This is qualitative research employing descriptive methods with literature review analysis. The primary sources of this paper comprise selected verses from the Qur’an and their exegesis (tafsir) and Hadith, both of which constitute the major source of guidance for Muslims. Its secondary sources consist of books, journals, and other materials. The English translation of the selected verses is based on Abdullah Yusuf Ali’s The Meaning of the Holy Qur’an and The Qur’an: Arabic Text with Corresponding English Meanings by Saheeh International because of their simplistic and comprehensive language. Due to the multidimensional use of words in the Arabic language, it is difficult to translate them into one specific word, therefore, we have retained the Arabic concepts but given some of their meanings in the brackets. Our main contention in this paper is that: first, knowledge, skills, and values or personality traits need to be combined for a thriving life; second, moral values are of paramount significance to peaceful coexistence and harmony in society. They are critical for sustainable living. Without them, there is no cohesion and solidarity among people. Hence, there is no civilization; third, learning is of little value and with no soul unless core ethical values are added to it. Hence, one of the aims of education is to graduate ethical individuals; fourth, the development of character in children is not just the responsibility of parents and schools, it is also the responsibility of those who come into contact with them; last but not least, character education should be included as a core component of schools’ curriculum.

Do peer-based short-form educational videos created by nursing students improve youths' knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases? A quasi-experimental study.

The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remains high worldwide in today's society, especially among young people. Youth education on STDs could help to reduce the prevalence of the condition in society and prevent new cases. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of peer-based short-form educational videos on youths' knowledge of STDs. This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Turkey. The sample consisted of 121 students divided into experimental and control groups. Pre- and post-test control group quasi-experimental research design was employed in this study during the spring semester of the academic year 2021-2022. Peer-based short-form educational videos created by nursing students were used as an intervention. The survey form and Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire were used to collect data. Participants with parental responsibilities and had previous STD experience had higher knowledge score than the other subgroups. There was a significant main effect of peer-based short-form educational video on participants overall knowledge score of STDs. Additionally, the effect of intervention continued at 12-week follow-up measurement. Peer-based short-form educational videos increase young people's knowledge of STD, and the impact of the intervention continued at 12-week follow up.

Addressing Suicide Risk Among Immigrant Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem contributing to multiple morbidities. Immigrant women who experience IPV may be disproportionately vulnerable to poor mental health outcomes, including self-harm and suicidal ideation, due to cultural experiences and contextual factors that prevent them from accessing services. While existing studies identify the risks for suicidal ideation amongst survivors of IPV, there is limited knowledge on how to tailor strategies to support immigrant women survivors of IPV who experience suicidal ideation. This study was conducted as part of the formative phase of a longitudinal research project designed to develop and evaluate a safety planning intervention for immigrant women survivors of IPV. Using qualitative in-depth interviews, we explored the perspectives of immigrant women survivors of IPV (n = 46) from various countries of origin, ages, and educational backgrounds on effective strategies for supporting immigrant women who disclose suicidal ideation. Study participants discussed various strategies for supporting survivors including building trust, providing encouragement, strengthening social support networks, and reminding survivors of parental responsibilities. Participants also pointed to the importance of the following services: domestic violence support, faith-based health resources, supportive immigration programs, mental health support, and emergency and medical treatment. These findings are informative for researchers and practitioners who work with immigrant women survivors of IPV, and they can be used to develop appropriate safety protocols and support strategies for survivors who are experiencing or have previously experienced suicidal ideation to mitigate the risk of self-harm.