Space Paradigm Research Articles

Psychological Peculiarities of Understanding Communicative Behavior of People from English-Speaking Countries

The aim of this research is to define psychological peculiarities of understanding communicative behavior of people from English-speaking countries. Methods of the research. As for general scientific methods, the method of induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis, comparative and descriptive methods and explanatory one are used. The results of the research. It was shown that the perception and understanding of communicative behavior of people from English-speaking countries in a great degree was actualized through the image. The latter is not just the result of the person’s imagination, but a visual generalization that accompanies the verbal explication of the man’s thoughts through the Englishmen / women pointing gestures. If the pointing gesture is separated from the whole paradigm of perception as a certain object of interest from the environment, especially situational, then the separation, for example, is a part of this object in relations to a specially selected or constructed space indicates the supra-situational attitude of the recipient to a certain object and the creation of the most stable way of existence of the object itself, in addition to its connections with the pointing gesture. Thus, the pointing gesture is transformed into a paradigm of conditional space, further transformations of which facilitates the emergence of the «pointing field» in the system of the perception and understanding of communicative behavior of people from English-speaking countries. Conclusions. The actualization of communicative behavior of people from English-speaking countries by recipients takes place in a conditional space close to a real life. Communicative behavior of people from English-speaking countries contributes to the fact that speech activity will be «grouped» around the image and creative practices. Conditionally, space becomes a paradigm of the most significant and valuable content, which initially embodied a certain image, specially created by the addressee. In other words, the selection of this speech image became the basis for the construction of the individual model of the world by recipients. Ritualized real actions, which contain the «products» of all kinds of creative practices in their structure, represent a symbolic form of the primary image, which is created by recipients from the very beginning of the actualization of communicative behavior of people from English-speaking countries

Mobility Biopolitics and the Aquarium as a Paradigm of Political Space

Mobility Biopolitics and the Aquarium as a Paradigm of Political Space

Real and Virtual in the Educational Space of Modern Globalized Society

Globalization combines elements of integration and differentiation — common traits, extrapolated to single social groups, undergo a broad system of localization, adapting to the conditions of the new system of existence. In today’s globalized society, the real and the virtual are becoming so intertwined that it is increasingly difficult to define their boundaries. Two specific interpretations of the concept of «alternative globalism» are described: the first one is related to the use of this term to refer to social movement; the second one reflects some, including theoretical, critique of globalization, its manifestations and possible consequences. Structural-functional method, prognostic method, elements of schematization and generalization are used to clarify some issues of the philosophical paradigm of the modern educational space in the global and regional perspective. The study has revealed that the antiсipation of the future educational space is based on the analytics of actual changes in the status of knowledge. The focus of the research is the processes of mercantilization of knowledge, which indicates the commodity status of knowledge in modern society. The transition of society from consumption of mainly tangible goods to consumption of services, and subsequently to maximum consumption of information, was established. The concept of deterritorialization has shown that the essential characteristic of globalization is the loss of physical space in many social processes. A virtual theory related to the formation of «imaginary worlds» due to the imposition of different cultural and symbolic spaces: ethnic, technological, financial, ideological and media space is investigated. The study has revealed emergence of a «knowledge economy» society as a resource base of modern capitalism and the dialectical relations of «global and local» both in the structure of education and in the social system of the nation-state.
 Keywords: real, virtual, globalized society, deterritorialization, information-symbolic exchange, cultural and symbolic flows, functionalism of information, educational space

Philosophical Approach to Space Fabric and Propagation of Light

First, the paper proposes that a cosmological entity such as a photon and a physical entity such as an electron belong to two different levels of the Universe. The cosmological entities do not have any physical parameters. Thus, several mysteries of quantum physics are still unresolved because both are considered in the same paradigm. This paper further estab-lishes that the spatial space (medium of propagation) is a fabric made of different cosmo-logical substances. It explains how the space fabric plays an important role in creating dif-ferent cosmic phenomena such as gravitation, repulsion, cosmic inflation, and other mys-teries. This spatial space fabric accepts the electromagnetic wave by way of physical time, creating a spacetime continuum. Next, the paper proposes a new vision that explains how an electromagnetic wave transports photons from an emitter to a receiver with a constant velocity by outlining a new paradigm of time and space and precisely treating photons as cosmological substances. This vision explains how the second postulate of Einstein’s special theory of relativity remains valid even if the time dilation due to velocity is not a reality. The correctness of the approach is validated through the results obtained from previous well-known experiments.

FISCAL AND CONTROL FEATURES OF CUSTOMS AUTHORITY’S ACTIVITIES

Introduction. The deep and comprehensive political, economic and social processes taking place in modern Ukraine cause serious changes in the understanding of the role and importance of many industries and spheres of state activity that serve as the basis of Ukrainian society. Such spheres, the importance of which has been constantly growing in recent years, include the sphere of public relations related to the implementation of foreign economic activity. That is why, the study of the institutional mechanism of formation and implementation of customs policy, fiscal priorities of the customs service, the problems of control and administrative activities of customs authorities, their modernization is now becoming extremely acute and relevant. The purpose of the article is to determine the features and patterns of fiscal and control functions of customs authorities in Ukraine, analysis of indicators of revenue of the State Budget of Ukraine in terms of customs duties, monitoring ways to work out customs risks and outline ways to combat smuggling. Methods. Methods of dialectical analysis and synthesis, as well as methods of logical generalization, comparison and formalization are used in the research. Results. The essence and role of customs policy in the socio-economic development of the state are substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the administration of customs payments and their mobilization to the budget. It is proved, that customs payments are important in the structure of budget revenues. The evaluation of the implementation of the planned indicators of fiscal activity of the State Customs Service of Ukraine was carried out. The risk factors of the customs space are identified and the methodical aspects of their development are outlined. Customs control plays a key role in preventing the smuggling of goods and detecting customs torts. Improving and digitalization of the control and verification work of customs authorities will help minimize fiscal losses, as well as, as summarized in the article - to improve the social and economic security of the state. Prospects. In the further scientific research, attention will be paid to the use of modern information technologies and technical means of customs control in the activities of the State Customs Service of Ukraine. The newest institutional paradigm of the customs space must take into account the digitalization of socio-economic processes.

Possibility of the transition to rhizome-type library in the post covid-19 era

The purpose of this study was to explore the possibilities of the transition to the Rhizome-type Library in post COVID-19 era. The cases and theories were considered to understand the characteristics of the Rhizome-type Spatial Structure. The spatial structure of the Rhizome-type Library has De-centrality, Independence, Diversity and partly De-hierarchicality, De-territorialisation, Nomadic, Ambiguity, Conjunctivity. The results of this study were as follows;First, the Rhizome-type Library will be easy to access the neighborhood, which will facilitate the convenience of users. Second, the Rhizome-type Library can be placed in very small places in the neighborhood and provide variety of services and also personal space for reading, learning, and works. Third, the Rhizome-type Library has flexible and changeable spatial forms and the form can be customized. And lastly, the Rhizome-type Library has the potential to evolve to include the functions of other Public Service Facilities, so the Rhizome-type Library can be used as an alternative to large Public Service Facilities in unexpected disaster situations, such as COVID-19. In conclusion, the Rhizome-type Library could be a way to change the paradigm of library service and space in the post COVID-19 era. © 2021 Architectural Institute of Korea.

Засоби портретування в повістевій творчості Михайла Коцюбинського

The article examines a portrait as a means of creating a character in the works of Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky, an outstanding Ukrainian writer of the fin de sièclе period. It is traced that an important category of poetics is the portrayal of a character. It helps to better understand the writer's intention, to reveal his creative individuality, to understand the problems of prose. Various types of portraits are identified, and the features of portraying in the novels of M. Kotsiubynsky's works are analysed. It is proved that the portrait is an emphasis on the anthropocentrism of fiction. The significance of portraing in the context of the formation of the character's image is clarified. The author of the article believes that Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky was one of the first among the modernist writers to feel the need to search for new approaches in the depiction of artistic images in order to create not only his own world, but also an integral paradigm of the Ukrainian cultural space. In the end, the research helped him develop his own holistic and unique style, a creative manner in which the writer translates the vision angle from a blind reflection of reality into the psychology of his characters. This work of M. Kotsiubynsky went beyond the realism discourse, absorbing the main features of neo-romanticism. It is traced that the neo-romantic stream of the story is more expressive with the ethnographic part, which is complemented by the portraits of the characters. It is due to the ethnographic portrait that the mental characteristics of the characters are reflected. In the story “Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors” M. Kotsiubynsky skilfully uses an ethnographic portrait, supplementing it with a psychological one, which helps to strengthen the mental features of the characters, to create vivid images. It has been proved that it is the character's portrait as a component of the human image that acquires special significance in the repertoire of Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky's works. It helps to better reveal the nature of the character and to better understand the nature of his actions. At the same time, M. Kotsiubynsky goes beyond the limits of ethnographic descriptiveness: he is interested in the soul of a person and human nature in general, therefore the writer resorts to a combination of ethnographic features of a portrait with its psychological manifestations. It is proposed to consider a portrait as a means of expressiveness in revealing the ideological content of a prose work. The role of the artistic detail is substantiated, which emphasizes the semantic content of the psychological portrait on the one hand, and, on the other, it enriches the ethnographic gamma of the writer's prose. It is traced that the use of contrast creates a dynamic that serves the emergence of a cohesive image. Portrait descriptions are not only plot elements, but are full-fledged components of the work. It has been established that the image of the writer himself also appears through the portrait characterization of the characters, so the representation of a work of art occurs through the prism of the artist's individual perception.

ПРОСТРАНСТВО ИСТОРИЧНОСТИ В ЦИФРОВОЙ ПАРАДИГМЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ

The purpose of the article is to reveal the virtual nature of historicity, clearly represented by digital practices, in a spatial aspect. The research methodology is oriented on “hermeneutical understanding”, which is interactive in nature and corresponds to the interpretational possibilities of virtual experience. The specifics of the latter conditioned a phenomenological approach to the question of the definability of the life world of subjectivity, in which the mutually exclusive factors interact. Liberal democratic reasons express the need for recreation, but they signify the unification of individuals. Historical self-consciousness is inherent in existence, but is lost in the absolute power of “here-and-now”. Sociocultural continuum bears the combination of the incompatible (grotesque), being-nonsense, but it exists as fully tangible for all. The characteristic of the transformed form of historicity, conditioned by its own virtual moment, in the aspect of space constitutes the scientific novelty of the work and allows us coming to the conclusion: the digital paradigm of space reveals the crisis of historicity through the dynamics of its virtual moment to the status of the instance of being. Thus, in terms of experiencing space, it is clear that it becomes meaningful through the image of movement based on the current accessibility of the flow. The mental quality of the space in the performance-effects is transformed into a mature declarative, and the temporality of history in the digital space is represented by the superimposition of gradations of infinity and speculative momentality in quasi-simultaneity. The movement of retrospective analysis from the unity of the historical and the logical – through the actualization of the subject – reaches a state of conditionally indefinable relation to the past. That is, the past – from the category conditioned by real facts and the deed of history – turns into a sort of a mark, from which the outlines of the future set off, loaded with “hyperreality”. The subject is a priori hypostasizing in such performances into the affective-bodily factor, manifests itself as a “hyper-sign” of the being, which is attributed to the abolition of the fullness of itself. In the sense of categorization of the basic attitude towards its reality, which is the basis of historicity, such abolition is expressed by imitation of free will, and this is obviously a comic form. The set fair obviousness and self-sufficiency of the virtual moment of historicity shows the process of canceling the obsolete integrity scenario (the subject of cultural experience) and its replacement with a virtual feature that is “prosthetic” by the digital continuum.

Indonesian Ocean Policy: Paradigm Shift in Strengthening Ocean Governance

The Indonesian Ocean Policy (IOP) is a new milestone in managing its oceans since Indonesia ratified the UNCLOS 35 years ago. Indonesia underwent several paradigm shifts in strengthening ocean governance from 1957 to 2014. This research aims to analyse three paradigm shifts in strengthening ocean governance in Indonesia. The research revealed that the milestone of the first shift was the 1957 Djuanda Declaration, recognised by the UNCLOS in 1982, regarding the concept of an archipelago state, called the ‘ocean space paradigm.’ The second, which occurred in the Reformation period (1998-2014) was called the Ocean Development paradigm, while the third paradigm shift was after President Jokowi launched Indonesia’s vision as a Global Maritime Fulcrum. This third paradigm shift was also associated with the emergence of the IOP, which contributes to national development and pays comprehensive attention to the constellation of relations between the countries in Asia and various initiatives in the region.

The Sacred Freespace

Keeping in the background the search for geometric-mathematical exactness, that in different cultures oversees the construction of sacred building and starting from the need to isolate it in order to make its "true form" recognizable, this paper analyzes features and conditions of the spaces of the city where different isolated and formally defined religious buildings coexist, as happens, for example, in Italian squares characterized by opposition between Cathedral and Baptistery. The Campo dei Miracoli in Pisa is assumed as a paradigm of in-between consecrated space in which several isolated buildings determine a tensional space and define a unique and unrepeatable configuration individuated among the multiple possible combinations of positions and architectural figures that is, according to Leibniz, expression of the idea of infinity. This kind of space looks for exactness not through closed forms but through relationships, positions and alignments of standing buildings and its rarefaction is directly connected with the idea of open city dispersed in nature proposed by modern architecture.

Deployment and Operation of Outdoor Treatment Tents During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spread throughout the globe, with an alarming amount of new cases daily. To prepare for the inevitable patient surge, 1 hospital set up outdoor triage tents to assist with increased volume. Using the paradigm of space, staff, and stuff, an outdoor treatment area was designed and placed into operation. The patient volume in the treatment tents quickly grew with a 1-d max volume of 88 patients. Through the end of May 2020, a total of 2473 patients were seen and evaluated. As COVID-19 continues to spread and new areas of the United States and the world see spikes, it is imperative for the hospitals that previously dealt with a surge to disseminate the best practices they have learned during the pandemic.

СФОРМОВАНІСТЬ МОТИВАЦІЙНИХ ДОМЕНІВ У СТУДЕНТІВ – МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕРЕКЛАДАЧІВ

It was shown that if we took into account the positions of Cognitive Psychology, then the professional formation was directed, first of all, at a specialist in the paradigm of cross-cultural space. Therefore, the professional formation of a future specialist is, first of all, a process of forming a student as a Person of general and professional culture, which ensures his/her general functioning in the surrounding world and the space of our professional activity. In this article the professional development of future translators is considered from the standpoint of Cognitive Psychology. So, it is a process of forming the person’s personal and professional position of the individual, taking into account the diversity of subjective and objective factors, which involve the implementation of strategies for managing the personal resources which are necessary for professional activities on the professional level. It was noted that the professional development of the future interpreter also involved the formation of personally significant position, which was understood by us as a system of dominant values-semantic attitudes of a specialist to the socio-cultural environment, of himself/herself and his/her activities.Materials and methods. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks: categorical, structural and functional methods, methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. Empirical methods were: the method of observation, testing, which were used for a deeper, holistic study of the problem of formation of motivational domains of students – future translators.Motivation of learning activity is considered by us as a complex, multi-component and multi-stage process in which the volitional, cognitive and emotional structures of the individual are actualized. The motivational sphere of students is provided with motives of different content, from the desire to become a highly qualified specialist and ending with the desire not to upset their parents. It should be emphasized that quite often the distant perspective gives rise to deep and fully realized motives for learning. Also the most important is a person’s attitude to his/her activity, and, accordingly, how he/she performs the process of the activity will largely be determined by how far the specialist sees the prospect of the tasks that lie before him/her.To assess the formation of students’ motivational sphere we used four groups of motives: 1) educational and cognitive motives (passion for studying a foreign language, translation activities, passing a foreign language qualification exam at B2 level or higher); 2) professional motives (acquisition of foreign language professional communicative competence, desire to become a highly qualified specialist); 3) motives for social identification (to achieve respect from teachers, to keep up with classmates in the learning outcomes, to avoid condemnation and criticism for poor learning by adults and socially significant people); 4) utilitarian motives (desire to work abroad, to improve their financial position through learning a foreign language, acquiring translation skills, constantly receiving a scholarship).The analysis of the results of the questionnaire made it possible to identify the main motives of students’ readiness for the performance of educational activities. They are characterized by the presence of motives with both near ones and far perspective motives. These are educational and cognitive motives, professional ones, social identification motives, utilitarian ones.

Paradigm Space of Modern Higher Education in Ukraine

The article analyzes the paradigm space of higher education in Ukraine. It is proved that the modern education paradigm has a synthetic character, is based on the polyparadigmality principles and is a synthesis of personally oriented ideas, semantic and cognitive paradigms of education. Their nature and characteristics are considered. The units of analysis selected certain components of the paradigm, namely: mission, goals, objectives, guiding values, content of education, basic didactic tools, teacher-student relationships, criteria, functions. It is proved that the situation of confrontation and contradiction of personally oriented, semantic and cognitive paradigms of education is unacceptable, since each of them has its positives and limitations. It was found that cognitive education provides significant potential for intellectual development of the individual, it is its apparent positive. Proved that the cognitive limitations of education lies in its normative and purely social utility, which not related to the unique personality implementation, which is a passive “object” of teacher pedagogical influence; informative cognitive priority led to its content and disciplinary overload, is a serious problem of modern education in higher education institutions. Proved that priority is individually oriented paradigm associated with the formation of free, individual initiative as the “subject” of his life and this education paradigm is reflexive oriented because its values are leading self-awareness, self-development and personal fulfilment future specialist. However, objective knowledge is sometimes overlooked, and this is a certain difficulty of personally oriented education. It is found out that the benefits of the education semantic paradigm are related to the value-semantic attitude formation towards future professional activity, with updating of personal semantic experience; with semantic choice, with development of future specialist semantic potential. The reflexive nature of the personally oriented, semantic and cognitive paradigms of education is substantiated, and it is proved that the modern paradigm of higher education space will constitute a polyparadigmatic synthesis of their ideas accumulated in the education reflexive paradigm. The polyparadigmality essence is revealed as a research methodology, which is a conceptual synthesis of several existing educational paradigms.

Historical city center in the XX - XXI centuries: back to pedestrian

The article describes the main factors that affect the change of the public space paradigm of city planning throughout the XX – XXI centuries. The authors cover cities of Europe, America, and Russia. The research is theoretically based on the works of Scott McQuire, Jan Gehl, Jeff Speck. The research outcome presents two groups of the factors: those affecting change of the city-panning paradigm towards car drivers in the first half of the XX century, and back towards pedestrian in the second half of the XX century. The authors choose the space planning model of the medieval European town as the benchmark.

Extended pointers for memory protection in single address space systems

With reference to a single address space paradigm of memory addressing, we identify a set of mechanisms aimed at preserving the integrity of the virtual space of a given process from erroneous or fraudulent access attempts originated from other processes. These mechanisms guarantee a level of protection that is, in many respects, superior to that of a traditional multiple address space environment. We introduce extended pointers as a generalization of the concept of a memory address, which includes a password and an access authorization. A universally known, parametric one-way function is used to assign passwords. A specialized address translation circuitry supports memory reference and protection at the hardware level. A small set of protection primitives forms the process interface of the protection system. An indication of the flexibility of the proposed protection paradigm is given by applying extended pointers to the solution of a variety of protection problems.

“Intractable Structures”: In Search of a Post-Transitological Paradigm for the Post-Soviet Space

“Intractable Structures”: In Search of a Post-Transitological Paradigm for the Post-Soviet Space

Cosmology and Matter-Induced Branes

The extra space paradigm plays a significant role in modern physics and cosmology as a specific case. In this review, the relation between the main cosmological parameters—the Planck mass and the Cosmological constants—and a metric of extra space is discussed. Matter distribution inside extra space and its effect on the 4-dimensional observational parameters is of particular interest. The ways to solve the fine-tuning problem and the hierarchy problem are analyzed.

Design and demonstration of ultra-compact microcell concentrating photovoltaics for space.

Optical concentration can improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of photovoltaic power but has traditionally been too bulky, massive, and unreliable for use in space. Here, we explore a new ultra-compact and low-mass microcell concentrating photovoltaic (µCPV) paradigm for space based on the monolithic integration of transfer-printed microscale solar cells and molded microconcentrator optics. We derive basic bounds on the compactness as a function of geometric concentration ratio and angular acceptance, and show that a simple reflective parabolic concentrator provides the best combination of specific power, angular acceptance, and overall fabrication simplicity. This architecture is simulated in detail and validated experimentally with a µCPV prototype that is less than 1.7 mm thick and operates with six, 650 µm square triple-junction microcells at a geometric concentration ratio of 18.4×. In outdoor testing, the system achieves a terrestrial power conversion efficiency of 25.8 ± 0.2% over a ±9.5° angular range, resulting in a specific power of approximately 111 W/kg. These results lay the groundwork for future space µCPV systems and establish a realistic path to exceed 350 W/kg specific power at >33% power conversion efficiency by scaling down to even smaller microcells.

Silent Witnesses:

In Silent Witnesses: Modernity, Colonialism, and Jean-Claude Nicolas Forestier's Unfinished Plans for Havana, Joseph R. Hartman examines Havana's urbanization under the dictatorship of Gerardo Machado (in power 1925–33), focusing on the largely unrealized plans of French urbanist Forestier and his Franco-Cuban team of architects and planners. Scholars until now have focused on cataloguing the regime's extant monuments, while giving far less attention to Forestier's unbuilt urban works. The Machado regime's building campaign spoke to modern aspirations of Cuban independence and nationhood, but also to enduring colonial paradigms of race, power, and urban space. Interpreting the history of Havana's urbanization requires taking a critical view of Cuba's colonial heritage and the survival into modern times of local and imported colonialist practices. Revisiting this history lends new insights into the cultural stakes of urban restoration efforts ongoing in Havana today.

Unifying theories for nonequilibrium statistical mechanics

The question of deriving general force/flux relationships that apply out of the linear response regime is a central topic of theories for nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. This work applies an information theory perspective to compute approximate force/flux relations and compares the result with traditional alternatives. If it can be said that there is a consensus on the form of response theories in driven, nonequilibrium transient dynamics, then that consensus is consistent with maximizing the entropy of a distribution over transition space. This agreement requires the problem of force/flux relationships to be described entirely in terms of such transition distributions, rather than steady-state properties (such as near-equilibrium works) or distributions over trajectory space (such as maximum caliber). Within the transition space paradigm, it is actually simpler to work in the fully nonlinear regime without relying on any assumptions about the steady-state or long-time properties. Our results are compared to extensive numerical simulations of two very different systems. The first is the periodic Lorentz gas under constant external force, extended with angular velocity and physically realistic inelastic scattering. There, we compare predicted and simulated distributions of the cumulative horizontal displacement after falling through 10 rows of fixed scatterers. The second is an -Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou (FPUT) chain, extended with a Langevin thermostat that couples to just two of its harmonic modes. This system tests whether the known long-time correlations in the FPUT system alter the properties of cumulative heat conduction away from the maximum entropy prediction. Although both systems are simulated for short, fixed times under physically realistic dynamical models, the maximum entropy structure of the time-integrated flows are clearly evident. The result encourages further development of empirical laws for nonequilibrium statistical mechanics by employing analogies with standard maximum entropy techniques—even in cases where large deviation principles cannot be rigorously proven from an underlying model.